CN219550516U - Novel porous medium combustor - Google Patents

Abstract

The utility model belongs to the technical field of combustors, and discloses a novel porous medium combustor which comprises a shell, a cyclone, an air pipe, a main fuel pipe, an air pipe and a secondary fuel pipe, wherein a cyclone combustion mode is adopted to adapt to the working state of the combustor with larger load difference, air and natural gas enter from the air pipe and the secondary fuel pipe respectively and enter into a second cavity through the cyclone and the air pipe respectively, the natural gas and the air form mixed combustion distributed circumferentially, the combustion local high temperature area can be reduced while the flame is maintained stable in the combustor, the pollutant emission is reduced, the combustor reaches the reaction temperature and the combustion is stable, low heat value fuel enters from the main fuel pipe, the air pipe is continuously introduced with the natural gas, the cyclone combustion of tail gas is formed in the second cavity, the mixing uniformity and the combustion stability of the fuel are improved, and when the combustion of the low heat value fuel is unstable, the natural gas is introduced to maintain stable combustion.

Description

Novel porous medium combustor

Technical Field

The utility model relates to the technical field of combustors, in particular to a novel porous medium combustor.

Background

Porous medium combustion is a combustion mode in which a porous medium is added to a burner. The porous medium burner has three heat exchange modes of convection, heat conduction and radiation, so that the temperature of a combustion area tends to be uniform, a stable temperature gradient is maintained, and the porous medium burner has high volume heat intensity while stable combustion.

The mixed gas of the gas and the air of the common novel porous medium burner enters from the rotational flow air inlet along the axis direction of the burner, the aperture of the porous medium is larger and larger along the flow direction of the air flow, flame spreads to the inside of the porous medium after ignition, heat in a combustion area is transferred to upstream gas in an accelerating way, the flame speed is improved, the flame is further moved to the inside of the porous medium, and the heat balance of the porous medium is accelerated. However, the device can only adapt to the heat value fuel with single property, the stable combustion range is relatively narrow, and when the low heat value fuel is combusted, the flame is unstable in the combustor, and the pollutant emission is high.

Accordingly, a new porous medium burner is needed to solve the above-mentioned problems.

Disclosure of Invention

The utility model aims to provide a novel porous medium burner which can adapt to the working state of a burner with larger load difference, maintain the stable flame in the burner, reduce the local high-temperature area of combustion, reduce pollutant emission and improve the mixing uniformity and combustion stability of fuel.

In order to solve the problems existing in the prior art, the utility model adopts the following technical scheme:

a novel porous media burner comprising:

the shell is provided with a first cavity, a second cavity and a tail gas port which are sequentially communicated with each other along the axis direction of the shell;

the cyclone is arranged in the first cavity, and the air outlet end of the cyclone is communicated with the second cavity;

an air pipe arranged on the shell and communicated with the cyclone;

the main fuel pipe is arranged on the shell and is communicated with the second chamber, and the main fuel pipe is used for circulating low-heat-value fuel;

the gas delivery pipes are arranged in the first cavity, the number of the gas delivery pipes is multiple, the gas delivery pipes are arranged at intervals along the circumferential direction of the cyclone, and the gas outlet ends of the gas delivery pipes are communicated with the second cavity;

and the secondary fuel pipe is arranged on the shell and is communicated with the air inlet end of the air transmission pipe.

Preferably, the cyclone comprises a sleeve, the sleeve is arranged in the first cavity, two ends of the sleeve are respectively communicated with the air pipe and the second cavity, a through hole is formed in the sleeve, and the main fuel pipe penetrates through the through hole and is communicated with the second cavity.

Preferably, the cyclone further comprises a fan blade, the fan blade is located in the sleeve and sleeved on the outer peripheral wall of the main fuel pipe, the fan blade comprises a plurality of blade parts, the blade parts are uniformly distributed at intervals along the outer peripheral wall of the main fuel pipe, an air channel is arranged between every two adjacent blade parts, and the air channel is communicated with the air pipe.

Preferably, the angle between the blade and the central axis of the sleeve is acute.

Preferably, the novel porous medium burner further comprises a porous medium zone, wherein the porous medium zone is filled in the second cavity, and the porous medium zone comprises a preheating layer and a combustion layer which are stacked along the air inlet direction.

Preferably, the porous medium region further comprises a heat storage layer, the combustion layer is arranged between the preheating layer and the heat storage layer, and the heat storage layer is used for conveying high-temperature fluid to the outside through the tail gas port.

Preferably, the heat storage layer is made of a high temperature resistant flame retardant material.

Preferably, the novel porous medium burner further comprises a heat insulation layer, and the heat insulation layer is clamped between the porous medium area and the shell.

Preferably, the porous medium region further comprises a fixing layer, the fixing layer is arranged on the heat storage layer, and the outer peripheral wall of the fixing layer is fixedly connected with the inner peripheral wall of the heat insulation layer along the circumferential direction of the shell.

Preferably, the novel porous medium burner further comprises a first switch valve and a second switch valve, wherein the first switch valve is arranged on the main fuel pipe, and the second switch valve is arranged on the auxiliary fuel pipe.

The beneficial effects of the utility model are as follows:

the utility model provides a novel porous medium burner, wherein a shell is provided with a first cavity, a second cavity and a tail gas port which are sequentially communicated in the axial direction of the shell, a cyclone is arranged in the first cavity, and the gas outlet end of the cyclone is communicated with the second cavity. The air pipe sets up on the casing, and the air pipe communicates in the inlet end of swirler, and the main fuel pipe sets up on the casing, and the main fuel pipe communicates in the second cavity, and the main fuel pipe is used for circulating low calorific value fuel. The gas-supply pipe sets up in first cavity, and the quantity of gas-supply pipe has a plurality ofly, and a plurality of gas-supply pipes set up along the circumferencial direction interval of swirler, and the end that gives vent to anger of gas-supply pipe communicates in the second cavity, and the secondary fuel pipe sets up on the casing, and the secondary fuel pipe communicates in the inlet end of gas-supply pipe. When the novel porous medium burner is started, a swirl combustion mode is adopted to adapt to the working state with large load difference of the burner. Air and natural gas respectively enter from the air pipe and the secondary fuel pipe, enter into the second chamber through the gas pipe, and form circumferentially distributed mixed combustion with the natural gas, and after ignition is successful, combustion heating is performed, so that the combustor reaches the reaction temperature. The flame is maintained to be stable in the combustor, and meanwhile, the local high-temperature area of combustion is reduced, and the pollutant emission is reduced. After the burner reaches the reaction temperature and the combustion is stable, the working condition of the low-heat-value fuel is switched to, namely, the low-heat-value fuel enters from the main fuel pipe, the air pipe is continuously introduced with air, the auxiliary fuel pipe is closed, the introduction of natural gas is stopped, the natural gas and the low-heat-value fuel form tail gas cyclone combustion in the second chamber, a backflow area can be manufactured by adopting an air cyclone combustion mode, and the mixing uniformity and the combustion stability of the fuel are improved. When the combustion of the low-calorific-value fuel is unstable, a proper amount of natural gas is introduced into the secondary fuel pipe to maintain stable combustion.

Drawings

FIG. 1 is a schematic structural view of a novel porous medium burner according to an embodiment of the present utility model;

FIG. 2 is a schematic view of the structure of the gas pipe, main fuel pipe and cyclone vessel at A in FIG. 1;

fig. 3 is a schematic structural diagram of a fan blade according to an embodiment of the utility model.

Reference numerals:

1. a housing; 11. a first chamber; 12. a second chamber; 13. a tail gas port;

2. a cyclone; 21. a sleeve; 22. a fan blade;

3. an air tube;

4. a primary fuel pipe;

5. a gas pipe;

6. a secondary fuel pipe;

7. a porous dielectric region; 71. preheating the layer; 72. a combustion layer; 73. a heat storage layer; 74. a fixed layer;

8. and a heat insulation layer.

Detailed Description

The utility model is described in further detail below with reference to the drawings and examples. It is to be understood that the specific embodiments described herein are merely illustrative of the utility model and are not limiting thereof. It should be further noted that, for convenience of description, only some, but not all of the structures related to the present utility model are shown in the drawings.

In the description of the present utility model, unless explicitly stated and limited otherwise, the terms "connected," "connected," and "fixed" are to be construed broadly, and may be, for example, fixedly connected, detachably connected, or integrally formed; can be mechanically or electrically connected; can be directly connected or indirectly connected through an intermediate medium, and can be communicated with the inside of two elements or the interaction relationship of the two elements. The specific meaning of the above terms in the present utility model will be understood in specific cases by those of ordinary skill in the art.

In the present utility model, unless expressly stated or limited otherwise, a first feature "above" or "below" a second feature may include both the first and second features being in direct contact, as well as the first and second features not being in direct contact but being in contact with each other through additional features therebetween. Moreover, a first feature being "above," "over" and "on" a second feature includes the first feature being directly above and obliquely above the second feature, or simply indicating that the first feature is higher in level than the second feature. The first feature being "under", "below" and "beneath" the second feature includes the first feature being directly under and obliquely below the second feature, or simply means that the first feature is less level than the second feature.

In the description of the present embodiment, the terms "upper", "lower", "left", "right", and the like are orientation or positional relationships based on those shown in the drawings, merely for convenience of description and simplicity of operation, and do not indicate or imply that the apparatus or elements referred to must have a specific orientation, be constructed and operated in a specific orientation, and thus should not be construed as limiting the utility model. Furthermore, the terms "first," "second," and the like, are used merely for distinguishing between descriptions and not for distinguishing between them.

The mixed gas of the fuel gas and the air of the existing porous medium burner enters from the rotational flow air inlet along the axis direction of the burner, the aperture of the porous medium is larger and larger along the flow direction of the air flow, the flame spreads to the inside of the porous medium after ignition, the heat of a combustion area is accelerated to be transferred to the upstream gas, the flame speed is improved, the flame is further moved to the inside of the porous medium, and the heat balance of the porous medium is accelerated. However, the device can only adapt to the heat value fuel with single property, the stable combustion range is relatively narrow, and when the low heat value fuel is combusted, the flame is unstable in the combustor, and the pollutant emission is high. In this regard, this embodiment provides a novel porous medium combustor, can adapt to the great operating condition of combustor load difference, maintains the flame and when the combustor is inside stable, reduces the local high temperature district of burning, reduces pollutant emission to can improve the mixing uniformity and the combustion stability of fuel.

As shown in fig. 1 to 3, in the present embodiment, a novel porous medium burner includes a housing 1, a cyclone 2, an air pipe 3, a main fuel pipe 4, an air pipe 5, and a sub fuel pipe 6. The housing 1 has a first chamber 11, a second chamber 12 and a tail gas port 13, which are sequentially communicated in an axial direction of the housing, the cyclone 2 is disposed in the first chamber 11, and an air outlet end of the cyclone 2 is communicated with the second chamber 12. The air pipe 3 is arranged on the shell 1, the air pipe 3 is communicated with the air inlet end of the cyclone 2, the main fuel pipe 4 is arranged on the shell 1, the main fuel pipe 4 is communicated with the second cavity 12, and the main fuel pipe 4 is used for circulating low-heat-value fuel. The gas pipe 5 sets up in first cavity 11, and the quantity of gas pipe 5 has a plurality ofly, and a plurality of gas pipes 5 set up along the circumferencial direction interval of swirler 2, and the end of giving vent to anger of gas pipe 5 communicates in second cavity 12, and secondary fuel pipe 6 sets up on casing 1, and secondary fuel pipe 6 communicates in the inlet end of gas pipe 5. Specifically, the casing 1 is vertical to be placed, and the tail gas port 13 opening up, and air pipe 3 sets up in the bottom of casing 1, and its opening down, and main fuel pipe 4 sets up in one side wall of casing 1, and vice fuel pipe 6 sets up in the other side wall of casing 1, and the inlet end and the end of giving vent to anger of swirler 2 communicate air pipe 3 and second cavity 12 respectively, and swirler 2 can organize better air flow, improves the mixing effect, improves combustion performance. The air inlet end and the air outlet end of the air pipe 5 are respectively communicated with the secondary fuel pipe 6 and the second chamber 12. When the novel porous medium burner is started, air and natural gas respectively enter from the air pipe 3 and the secondary fuel pipe 6, and combustion heating is carried out after ignition is successful, so that the burner reaches the reaction temperature. And then switching to a working condition of low-heat-value fuel, namely, the low-heat-value fuel enters from the main fuel pipe 4, the air pipe 3 is continuously introduced with air, the auxiliary fuel pipe 6 is closed, the introduction of natural gas is stopped, the tail gas port 13 is connected with a heat exchanger and other devices, and the high-temperature tail gas is conveyed to the heat exchanger through the tail gas port 13. When the combustion of the low calorific value fuel is unstable, the secondary fuel pipe 6 is fed with an appropriate amount of natural gas to maintain stable combustion. In the combustion process, a swirl combustion mode is adopted to adapt to the working state with larger load difference of the burner, wherein air enters from an air pipe 3, natural gas enters from a secondary fuel pipe 6 and enters into a second chamber 12 through a swirler 2 and a gas pipe 5 respectively, and the natural gas and the air form mixed combustion distributed circumferentially, so that the flame can be maintained to be stable in the burner, a local high-temperature area of combustion is reduced, and pollutant emission is reduced; after the burner reaches the reaction temperature and the combustion is stable, air continuously enters from the air pipe 3, low-heat-value fuel enters from the main fuel pipe 4 and forms tail gas swirl combustion with the low-heat-value fuel in the second chamber 12, and a backflow area can be manufactured by adopting an air swirl combustion mode, so that the mixing uniformity and the combustion stability of the fuel are improved.

Further, with continued reference to fig. 1-3, the swirler 2 includes a sleeve 21, the sleeve 21 is disposed in the first chamber 11, two ends of the sleeve 21 are respectively connected to the air tube 3 and the second chamber 12, the sleeve 21 is provided with a through hole, and the main fuel tube 4 is disposed through the through hole and is connected to the second chamber 12. Specifically, one end of the sleeve 21 is disposed at the bottom of the housing 1, and the opening is communicated with the air tube 3, the other end of the sleeve 21 is communicated with the second chamber 12, a through hole is formed in the side wall of the sleeve 21, one end of the main fuel tube 4 is used for communicating low-heat-value fuel, the other end of the main fuel tube 4 passes through the through hole and is communicated with the second chamber 12, and air and low-heat-value fuel respectively enter from the air tube 3 and the main fuel tube 4 and enter into the second chamber 12 through the sleeve 21.

Further, with continued reference to fig. 1-3, the cyclone 2 further includes a fan blade 22, where the fan blade 22 is located in the sleeve 21 and sleeved on the outer peripheral wall of the main fuel pipe 4, and the fan blade 22 includes a plurality of blade portions, and the plurality of blade portions are uniformly distributed at intervals along the outer peripheral wall of the main fuel pipe 4, and an air channel is disposed between every two adjacent blade portions, and the air channel is communicated with the air pipe 3. Specifically, air enters from the air pipe 3, enters into the second chamber 12 through the air channel between the adjacent blade parts, low-heat-value fuel enters into the second chamber 12 from the main fuel pipe 4, and the low-heat-value fuel and the air form tail gas swirl combustion in the second chamber 12, so that a backflow area can be manufactured, and the mixing uniformity and the combustion stability of the fuel are improved. Preferably, the angle between the blade and the central axis of the sleeve 21 is acute, the angle being shown as angle β.

Further, with continued reference to fig. 1-3, the novel porous medium burner further comprises a porous medium region 7, the porous medium region 7 being filled in the second chamber 12, the porous medium region 7 comprising a preheating layer 71 and a combustion layer 72 arranged in a stack in the air intake direction. In particular, the porous medium region 7 serves as a medium of the burner, and can ensure the adaptability to the dynamic change of the working load of the burner, and reduce the fluctuation of the output of the burner. The burner is started, natural gas enters the periphery of the preheating layer 71 of the porous medium area 7 through the gas pipe 5 to form circumferentially distributed mixed combustion, so that the flame can be maintained to be stable in the shell 1, and meanwhile, the local high-temperature area of combustion is reduced, and the emission of combustion pollutants is reduced. The air enters the cyclone 2 and forms tail gas cyclone with the low-heat value fuel in the combustion layer 72, so that combustion stability is improved.

Further, with continued reference to fig. 1-3, the porous medium region 7 further includes a heat storage layer 73, the combustion layer 72 being disposed between the preheating layer 71 and the heat storage layer 73, the heat storage layer 73 being configured to transport the high temperature fluid to the outside through the exhaust port 13. Specifically, the heat accumulating layer 73 is made of a material with high temperature resistance, flame retardance and heat preservation effect, for example, a foam structure made of silicon carbide or alumina ceramic material is used as a combustion reaction stabilizing medium, and the advantages of high heat melting, high heat conductivity and stable property of the silicon carbide material are utilized to improve the speed and stability of the combustion reaction of the low-heat-value fuel, stably convert the chemical energy of the low-heat-value fuel into heat, reduce energy waste and realize efficient and stable fuel combustion. The thermal storage layer 73 can store the heat energy released by the combustion of the fuel well, and keeps the burner as a stable high-temperature heat source. When the cold flow of the low-calorific-value fuel and air enters the combustion layer 72, the cold flow is heated by the heat of the heat accumulation layer 73, so that the combustion process is more facilitated, and the super-enthalpy combustion of the fuel is realized. At the same time, the heat storage layer 73 also ensures that the burner can stably output high-temperature hot fluid to the outside.

Further, with continued reference to fig. 1-3, the novel porous medium burner further comprises a thermal insulation layer 8, the thermal insulation layer 8 being sandwiched between the porous medium region 7 and the housing 1. Specifically, the heat insulation layer 8 is made of a nonmetallic material, has the effects of heat preservation and heat insulation, and ensures that the high-temperature heat flow generated by fuel combustion can maintain constant temperature, so that the high-temperature heat flow is stably output to the outside.

Further, with continued reference to fig. 1 to 3, the porous medium region 7 further includes a fixing layer 74, the fixing layer 74 being provided on the heat storage layer 73, and an outer peripheral wall of the fixing layer 74 being fixedly connected with an inner peripheral wall of the heat insulating layer 8 in a circumferential direction of the casing 1. Specifically, along the air intake direction, the porous medium region 7 is sequentially provided with a preheating layer 71, a combustion layer 72, a heat storage layer 73 and a fixing layer 74 in a stacked manner, the fixing layer 74 plays a role in fixing, the medium stability of the porous medium region 7 and the fuel combustion process are ensured, and the combustion stability is improved.

Further, with continued reference to fig. 1-3, the novel porous medium burner further includes a first switching valve disposed on the primary fuel pipe 4 and a second switching valve disposed on the secondary fuel pipe 6. Specifically, a first switching valve is used to open or close the primary fuel pipe 4, and a second switching valve is used to open or close the secondary fuel pipe 6 to switch between natural gas and low heating value fuel. Preferably, the first switch valve and the second switch valve can be performed manually or automatically, and the condition of one switch is satisfied.

It is to be understood that the above examples of the present utility model are provided for clarity of illustration only and are not limiting of the embodiments of the present utility model. Various obvious changes, rearrangements and substitutions can be made by those skilled in the art without departing from the scope of the utility model. It is not necessary here nor is it exhaustive of all embodiments. Any modification, equivalent replacement, improvement, etc. which come within the spirit and principles of the utility model are desired to be protected by the following claims.

Claims (10)

1. A novel porous media burner, comprising:

the device comprises a shell (1), wherein the shell (1) is provided with a first chamber (11), a second chamber (12) and a tail gas port (13) which are sequentially communicated in the axial direction of the shell;

the cyclone (2) is arranged in the first chamber (11), and the air outlet end of the cyclone (2) is communicated with the second chamber (12);

an air pipe (3) arranged on the shell (1), wherein the air pipe (3) is communicated with the air inlet end of the cyclone (2);

the main fuel pipe (4) is arranged on the shell (1), the main fuel pipe (4) is communicated with the second chamber (12), and the main fuel pipe (4) is used for circulating low-calorific-value fuel;

the air delivery pipes (5) are arranged in the first chamber (11), the number of the air delivery pipes (5) is multiple, the air delivery pipes (5) are arranged at intervals along the circumferential direction of the cyclone (2), and the air outlet end of the air delivery pipe (5) is communicated with the second chamber (12);

the secondary fuel pipe (6) is arranged on the shell (1), and the secondary fuel pipe (6) is communicated with the air inlet end of the air pipe (5).

2. The novel porous medium burner according to claim 1, wherein the cyclone (2) comprises a sleeve (21), the sleeve (21) is arranged in the first chamber (11), two ends of the sleeve (21) are respectively communicated with the air pipe (3) and the second chamber (12), the sleeve (21) is provided with a through hole, and the main fuel pipe (4) is arranged through the through hole and communicated with the second chamber (12).

3. The novel porous medium burner according to claim 2, wherein the cyclone (2) further comprises fan blades (22), the fan blades (22) are located in the sleeve (21) and sleeved on the outer peripheral wall of the main fuel pipe (4), the fan blades (22) comprise a plurality of blade parts, the blade parts are uniformly distributed at intervals along the outer peripheral wall of the main fuel pipe (4), and every two adjacent blade parts are provided with air channels, and the air channels are communicated with the air pipe (3).

4. A new porous medium burner according to claim 3, characterized in that the angle between the blade and the central axis of the sleeve (21) is acute.

5. The novel porous medium burner according to claim 1, further comprising a porous medium region (7), the porous medium region (7) being filled in the second chamber (12), the porous medium region (7) comprising a preheating layer (71) and a combustion layer (72) arranged in a stack in an air intake direction.

6. The novel porous medium burner according to claim 5, wherein the porous medium zone (7) further comprises a heat accumulating layer (73), the combustion layer (72) being arranged between the preheating layer (71) and the heat accumulating layer (73), the heat accumulating layer (73) being adapted to transport high temperature fluid outwards through the exhaust port (13).

7. The novel porous medium burner according to claim 6, wherein the heat accumulating layer (73) is made of a high temperature resistant flame retardant material.

8. The novel porous medium burner according to claim 6, further comprising a thermal insulation layer (8), the thermal insulation layer (8) being sandwiched between the porous medium region (7) and the housing (1).

9. The novel porous medium burner according to claim 8, wherein the porous medium region (7) further comprises a fixing layer (74), the fixing layer (74) is disposed on the heat storage layer (73), and an outer peripheral wall of the fixing layer (74) is fixedly connected with an inner peripheral wall of the heat insulation layer (8) along a circumferential direction of the housing (1).

10. The novel porous medium burner according to claim 1, further comprising a first switching valve and a second switching valve, the first switching valve being arranged in the primary fuel pipe (4) and the second switching valve being arranged in the secondary fuel pipe (6).