CN219546816U - Treatment device and treatment system for acidic wastewater of coal mine - Google Patents
Treatment device and treatment system for acidic wastewater of coal mine Download PDFInfo
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- CN219546816U CN219546816U CN202320659525.0U CN202320659525U CN219546816U CN 219546816 U CN219546816 U CN 219546816U CN 202320659525 U CN202320659525 U CN 202320659525U CN 219546816 U CN219546816 U CN 219546816U
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Abstract
The utility model discloses a coal mine acidic wastewater treatment device, which relates to the technical field of wastewater treatment and comprises a water collecting tank and a reaction tank; the water collecting tank is used for temporarily storing the acidic wastewater of the coal mine; the reaction tank is provided with a water inlet and a water outlet, the reaction tank comprises a microorganism reaction tank and an alkali reaction tank, the water inlet of the microorganism reaction tank is communicated with the water outlet of the water collecting tank, a first filler layer is arranged in the microorganism reaction tank, and the first filler layer can provide carbon sources required by reaction for microorganisms in the acidic wastewater of the coal mine; the water inlet of the alkali reaction tank is communicated with the water outlet of the microorganism reaction tank, and a second packing layer is arranged in the alkali reaction tank and is used for reducing the acidity of the acidic wastewater of the coal mine and fixedly removing (quasi) metal ions. The utility model also discloses a coal mine acidic wastewater treatment system. The utility model not only can effectively remove (quasi) metal ions in the acidic wastewater of the coal mine, but also can effectively reduce the acidity of the water body and improve the pH value of the water body, thereby improving the water quality.
Description
Technical Field
The utility model relates to the technical field of sewage treatment, in particular to a treatment device and a treatment system for acidic wastewater of a coal mine.
Background
With industry structure adjustments, coal mines are largely shut down. However, after a plurality of coal mines are closed, due to lack of responsibility of special persons and failure to take effective treatment measures in time, the problem of pollution of acidic wastewater of the coal mines is serious, and serious harm is caused to the ecological environment.
The main measures for the pollution of the acidic wastewater in the coal mine are to apply alkaline substances such as lime to reduce the iron content in the wastewater and improve the pH value of the water body. Although the lime method has obvious treatment effect, the defects are quite remarkable, and the following defects mainly exist: the cost is high, the demand is large, the lime is required to be added into manpower or electric equipment, the subsequent maintenance and management are carried out, iron manganese oxide and the like which are reaction products of the lime are adhered and wrapped on the surfaces of lime particles, so that the surfaces of the particles are invalid, raw materials are wasted, a large amount of sludge containing heavy metals is produced, and the sludge is dehydrated and subsequently treated to generate great expense and is invalid immediately once the feeding is stopped.
Because of the obvious defects of the treatment method, some foreign scholars have shifted the research direction to the microbiological method. The method for treating the acid mine wastewater by the microbiological method has low cost, strong applicability and no secondary pollution, and is a method for treating the acid mine wastewater with great potential.
The acid mine wastewater is produced by the combined action of water, air and microorganisms, wherein the microorganism action significantly accelerates the production rate of the acid wastewater. Therefore, the method for repairing and treating the acid mine wastewater by regulating and controlling microorganisms becomes a development trend and a research hotspot in the new era. In the microbial method, many studies on sulfate-reducing bacteria, a kind of prokaryotic microorganism widely existing in nature, can utilize organic carbon to dissimilate reduce SO 4 2- Generation of H 2 S，H 2 S reacts with dissolved (quasi) metal ions in water to generate water-insoluble sulfide precipitate, so that heavy metals in sewage are removed. In addition, some iron-oxidizing bacteria are also used in the treatment of acid mine wastewater, such as thiobacillus ferrooxidans, which promote Fe in acid mine wastewater 2+ Oxidized with SO 4 2- Schner minerals are formed and toxic elements in AMD are removed in situ by co-precipitation and adsorption. However, at present, microbial technology is still rare in actual field treatment, more researches are only carried out on a laboratory scale, and development of practical treatment technology applicable to water chemical characteristics of actual acid mine wastewater is urgently needed.
Disclosure of Invention
The utility model aims to provide a treatment device and a treatment system for acidic wastewater in a coal mine, which are used for solving the problems in the prior art, not only can effectively remove metal ions and metalloid ions in the acidic wastewater in the coal mine, but also can effectively reduce the acidity of a water body and improve the pH value of the water body, thereby improving the water quality.
In order to achieve the above object, the present utility model provides the following solutions:
the utility model provides a coal mine acidic wastewater treatment device, which comprises:
the water collecting tank is used for temporarily storing the acidic wastewater of the coal mine;
the reaction tank is provided with a water inlet and a water outlet, the reaction tank comprises a microbial reaction tank and an alkali reaction tank, the water inlet of the microbial reaction tank is communicated with the water outlet of the water collecting tank, a first filler layer is arranged in the microbial reaction tank, and the first filler layer can provide carbon sources required by reaction for microorganisms in the coal mine acidic wastewater; the water inlet of the alkali reaction tank is communicated with the water outlet of the microbial reaction tank, a second packing layer is arranged in the alkali reaction tank and used for reducing the acidity of the acidic wastewater of the coal mine and fixedly removing metal ions and metalloid ions.
Preferably, the reaction tank further comprises a regulating tank, the regulating tank is connected between the microbial reaction tank and the alkali reaction tank, and the regulating tank can be converted into the microbial reaction tank or the alkali reaction tank.
Preferably, the microbial reaction tank comprises a primary microbial reaction tank and a secondary microbial reaction tank, the alkali reaction tank comprises a primary alkali reaction tank and a secondary alkali reaction tank, and the water collecting tank, the primary microbial reaction tank, the secondary microbial reaction tank, the regulating tank, the primary alkali reaction tank and the secondary alkali reaction tank are sequentially communicated and gradually reduced in height.
Preferably, the first filler layer comprises a quick-acting carbon source layer and/or a slow-release carbon source layer; when the first filler layer comprises a quick-acting carbon source layer and a slow-release carbon source layer, the slow-release carbon source layer is arranged on the upper side and the lower side of the quick-acting carbon source layer.
Preferably, the quick-acting carbon source layer is an organic fertilizer substrate layer, the slow-release carbon source layer below the quick-acting carbon source layer comprises a first straw layer, the slow-release carbon source layer above the quick-acting carbon source layer comprises a fungus stick layer and a second straw layer which are sequentially arranged from bottom to top, and a sapphire layer is further arranged above the second straw layer.
Preferably, the second filler layer is a lime rock layer.
Preferably, the reaction tank comprises a tank body, an S-shaped flow channel is arranged in the tank body, two ends of the S-shaped flow channel are respectively communicated with a water inlet and a water outlet of the reaction tank, and the water inlet and the water outlet are both positioned at the top of the tank body; the water flow type water tank is characterized in that a baffle wall and a suspension wall are arranged in the S-shaped flow channel at intervals along the water flow direction, the top of the suspension wall is connected with the top plate of the tank body, a gap is reserved between the bottom of the suspension wall and the bottom of the tank body, the bottom of the baffle wall is connected with the bottom of the tank body, a gap is reserved between the top of the baffle wall and the top plate of the tank body, and the height of the baffle wall is lower than that of the water outlet.
The utility model also discloses a coal mine acidic wastewater treatment system, which comprises a detection device and the coal mine acidic wastewater treatment device, wherein the detection device comprises an iron content detection device and an acidity detection device.
Compared with the prior art, the utility model has the following beneficial technical effects:
the first filler layer is arranged in the microbial reaction tank, and can provide a carbon source required by reaction for microorganisms in the acidic wastewater of the coal mine, and metal ions such as Fe and metalloid ions in the acidic wastewater can be effectively removed through microbial reaction; and a second filler layer is arranged in the alkali reaction tank, and the second filler layer can reduce the acidity of the acidic wastewater of the coal mine through neutralization reaction, so that the pH value of the water body can be increased, and the water quality is improved.
Drawings
In order to more clearly illustrate the embodiments of the present utility model or the technical solutions in the prior art, the drawings that are needed in the embodiments will be briefly described below, and it is obvious that the drawings in the following description are only some embodiments of the present utility model, and other drawings may be obtained according to these drawings without inventive effort for a person skilled in the art.
FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of the composition of a coal mine acid wastewater treatment device in an embodiment of the utility model;
FIG. 2 is a schematic diagram of a packing layer of a microbial reaction cell according to an embodiment of the present utility model;
FIG. 3 is a schematic diagram of a microbial reaction cell according to an embodiment of the present utility model;
FIG. 4 is a plan view of a coal mine acid wastewater treatment apparatus in an embodiment of the present utility model;
FIG. 5 is a sectional view of an apparatus for treating acidic wastewater of coal mine according to an embodiment of the present utility model;
wherein, 1 is the catch basin, 2 is the first-stage microorganism reaction tank, 3 is the second-stage microorganism reaction tank, 4 is the equalizing basin, 5 is the first-stage alkali reaction tank, 6 is the second-stage alkali reaction tank, 7 is first straw layer, 8 is the fertilizer matrix layer, 9 is fungus stick layer, 10 is the second straw layer, 11 is the cordierite layer, 12 is the enclosure, 13 is unsettled wall, 14 is the barricade.
Detailed Description
The following description of the embodiments of the present utility model will be made clearly and completely with reference to the accompanying drawings, in which it is apparent that the embodiments described are only some embodiments of the present utility model, but not all embodiments. All other embodiments, which can be made by those skilled in the art based on the embodiments of the utility model without making any inventive effort, are intended to be within the scope of the utility model.
The utility model aims to provide a treatment device and a treatment system for acidic wastewater in a coal mine, which are used for solving the problems in the prior art, not only can effectively remove metal ions and metalloid ions in the acidic wastewater in the coal mine, but also can effectively reduce the acidity of a water body and improve the pH value of the water body, thereby improving the water quality.
The utility model also provides a method for treating the coal mine acidic wastewater by using the coal mine acidic wastewater treatment device or the coal mine acidic wastewater treatment system according to the technical scheme, which comprises the following steps:
introducing the coal mine acidic wastewater in the water collecting tank into the microbial reaction tank, and under the assistance of the first filler layer, fixedly removing (quasi) metal ions by microbial growth and metabolism in the coal mine acidic wastewater to obtain acidic mine wastewater; the microorganism includes aerobic bacteria and anaerobic bacteria;
and (3) introducing the acid mine wastewater into the alkali reaction tank, and fixedly removing (quasi) metal ions in the acid mine wastewater and reducing the acidity of the acid mine wastewater through the second packing layer.
The utility model introduces the coal mine acidic wastewater in the water collecting tank into the microbial reaction tank, and under the assistance of the first filler layer, the microorganism growth metabolism in the coal mine acidic wastewater is used for fixedly removing (quasi) metal ions, so as to obtain acidic mine wastewater; the microorganisms include aerobic bacteria and anaerobic bacteria.
In the present utility model, the aerobic bacteria preferably include iron-oxidizing bacteria and/or thiobacillus ferrooxidans.
In the present utility model, the anaerobic bacteria preferably include sulfate-reducing bacteria and/or iron-reducing bacteria.
In the utility model, a first filler layer is arranged in the microbial reaction tank. The first filler layer preferably includes a quick-acting carbon source layer and/or a slow-release carbon source layer.
In the present utility model, the quick-acting carbon source layer is preferably formed of an organic fertilizer matrix.
In the present utility model, the slow-release carbon source layer is preferably formed of straw and/or fungus sticks.
In a preferred embodiment, the quick-acting carbon source layer is an organic fertilizer substrate layer 8, the slow-release carbon source layer below the quick-acting carbon source layer comprises a first straw layer 7, the slow-release carbon source layer above the quick-acting carbon source layer comprises a fungus stick layer 9 and a second straw layer 10 which are sequentially arranged from bottom to top, and a sapphire layer 11 is further arranged above the second straw layer 10.
In a preferred embodiment, the first straw layer 7 is 100mm thick, the organic fertilizer substrate layer 8 is 150mm thick, the fungus stick layer 9 is 700mm thick, the second straw layer 10 is 100mm thick, and the bluestone layer 11 is 100mm thick.
In the microbial reaction tank of the present utility model, the mass of the quick-acting carbon source and/or the slow-release carbon source in the first filler layer is preferably 1500m according to the daily treatment water amount 3 And (3) calculating.
In the utility model, the hydraulic retention time of the coal mine acidic wastewater in the microbial reaction tank is preferably 28h.
In the utility model, the hydraulic retention time of the coal mine acidic wastewater in the regulating tank is preferably 32h.
The thickness of the first filler layer is preferably set according to the height of the suspended wall from the bottom of the pool. In the present utility model, the distance between the top of the first filler layer and the bottom of the suspended wall is preferably 300-500 mm, and in the pilot plant test, the thickness of the first filler layer is 115cm.
In the present utility model, after the acid mine wastewater is obtained, the present embodiment preferably introduces the acid mine wastewater into the adjustment tank 4. And (3) introducing the regulated acid mine wastewater obtained by the regulating tank 4 into the alkali reaction tank. In the present utility model, the regulating reservoir is connected between the microbial reaction reservoir and the alkali reaction reservoir, and the regulating reservoir can be converted into the microbial reaction reservoir or the alkali reaction reservoir. In short: when the treatment effect of the microbial reaction tank does not reach the target effect, the regulating tank can be transformed into the microbial reaction tank; otherwise, if the alkali reaction tank has a slightly poor effect, the alkali reaction tank can be modified. So it is named as regulating pool.
In the present utility model, the hydraulic retention time of the acid mine wastewater in the regulating tank is preferably 32h.
After the acid mine wastewater or the regulated acid mine wastewater is obtained, the acid mine wastewater or the regulated acid mine wastewater is introduced into the alkali reaction tank, and the second packing layer is used for fixedly removing (quasi) metal ions in the acid mine wastewater and reducing the acidity of the acid mine wastewater.
In the utility model, the second filler layer is preferably a lime stratum, and can adsorb and filter the acidic wastewater of the coal mine while acid neutralization is carried out, so that harmful (quasi) metal ions in the water body are further removed, and the water body is purified to improve the water quality; among them, the limestone particle size in the limestone layer is preferably 10cm.
In the utility model, in the alkali reaction tank, the mass of limestone in the second packing layer is preferably 1500m according to daily water treatment amount 3 And (3) calculating.
In the present utility model, the hydraulic retention time of the acid mine wastewater in the alkali reaction tank is preferably 15.5 hours.
The thickness of the second filler layer is preferably set according to the height of the suspended wall from the bottom of the pool. In the present utility model, the distance between the top of the second filler layer and the bottom of the suspended wall is preferably 300-500 mm, and in the pilot plant test, the thickness of the second filler layer is 175cm.
In the utility model, the total residence time of the acid mine wastewater in the coal mine acid wastewater treatment device according to the technical scheme is about 75.5 hours.
In order that the above-recited objects, features and advantages of the present utility model will become more readily apparent, a more particular description of the utility model will be rendered by reference to the appended drawings and appended detailed description.
Example 1
As shown in fig. 1 to 5, the embodiment provides a coal mine acidic wastewater treatment device, which mainly comprises a water collecting tank 1 and a reaction tank; the water collecting tank 1 is used for temporarily storing the acidic wastewater of the coal mine; the reaction tank is provided with a water inlet and a water outlet, and mainly comprises a microbial reaction tank and an alkali reaction tank, wherein the water inlet of the microbial reaction tank is communicated with the water outlet of the water collecting tank 1, a first filler layer is arranged in the microbial reaction tank, and the first filler layer can provide a carbon source required by reaction for microorganisms in the acidic wastewater of the coal mine, promote the growth and propagation of the microorganisms, and promote the oxidation of ferrous iron, the removal of metal ions such as iron and the like, and metal ions; the water inlet of the alkali reaction tank is communicated with the water outlet of the microbial reaction tank, a second packing layer is arranged in the alkali reaction tank and used for reducing the acidity of the acidic wastewater of the coal mine and fixedly removing metal ions and metalloid ions.
In this embodiment, the metal ion generally refers to a metal cation such As Cu, pb, zn, etc., and the metalloid ion generally refers to an anion of an element such As, se, etc.
In the embodiment, the first filler layer is arranged in the microbial reaction tank, and can provide a carbon source required by reaction for microorganisms in the acidic wastewater of the coal mine, and metal ions such as Fe and the like and metalloid ions in the acidic wastewater can be effectively removed through microbial reaction; and a second packing layer is arranged in the alkali reaction tank, and the second packing layer can reduce the acidity of the acidic wastewater of the coal mine through neutralization reaction and fixedly remove metal ions and metalloid ions, so that the pH value of the water body can be improved, and the water quality is improved.
In this embodiment, the reaction tank further comprises a regulating tank 4, and the regulating tank 4 is connected between the microorganism reaction tank and the alkali reaction tank; wherein, the adjusting tank 4 can consider whether to be converted into the microbial reaction tank or the alkali reaction tank according to the treatment effect of the microbial reaction tank and the alkali reaction tank so as to meet different working requirements.
In this embodiment, the microorganism reaction tank and the alkali reaction tank may be provided in plural, and the specific number is adjusted according to the working requirement; as a preferred embodiment, in this example, the microorganism reaction tank and the alkali reaction tank are both provided with two; specifically, the microbial reaction tank comprises a primary microbial reaction tank 2 and a secondary microbial reaction tank 3, the alkali reaction tank comprises a primary alkali reaction tank 5 and a secondary alkali reaction tank 6, the water collecting tank 1, the primary microbial reaction tank 2, the secondary microbial reaction tank 3, the regulating tank 4, the primary alkali reaction tank 5 and the secondary alkali reaction tank 6 are sequentially communicated, and the heights of all tanks are gradually reduced.
Specifically, the specific dimensions of each cell body are as follows:
primary microbial reaction cell 2 (25 m×11m×3.1 m), secondary microbial reaction cell 3 (25 m×11m×2.9 m), adjustment cell 4 (30 m×26m×2.7 m), primary alkali reaction cell 5 (30 m×26m×2.5 m), and secondary alkali reaction cell 6 (30 m×26m×2.3 m).
In the present embodiment, the regulating reservoir 4 may be provided in plural as required for the work.
In this embodiment, the first filler layer may include a quick-acting type carbon source layer and/or a slow-release type carbon source layer; as a preferred embodiment, the first filler layer in this embodiment includes a quick-acting carbon source layer and a slow-release carbon source layer, and the slow-release carbon source layer is disposed on both upper and lower sides of the quick-acting carbon source layer; specifically, the quick-acting carbon source layer is an organic fertilizer matrix layer 8, the slow-release carbon source layer below the quick-acting carbon source layer comprises a first straw layer 7, the slow-release carbon source layer above the quick-acting carbon source layer comprises a fungus stick layer 9 and a second straw layer 10 which are sequentially arranged from bottom to top, and a sapphire layer 11 is further arranged above the second straw layer 10.
In the embodiment, a plurality of filler layers are arranged in a layered manner, so that effective contact between a water body and reactants is promoted, and meanwhile, sufficient nutrients are provided for survival and growth of microorganisms in a microorganism reaction tank, so that effective propagation of the microorganisms is ensured; the acidity of the water body is reduced through physical, chemical and biological actions, and harmful metal ions and metalloid ions in the water body are removed, so that the treatment effect of improving the water quality of the water body is achieved; and the material of the first filler layer is basically waste straw, fungus sticks, organic fertilizer matrixes, bluestone and the like, so that the cost is reduced, waste can be treated by waste, and the environmental risk of the waste is reduced.
In this example, the amounts of the quick-acting carbon source and the slow-release carbon source laid in the microbial reaction tank were 1500m in terms of daily water treatment amount 3 Calculating the hydraulic retention time for 28h, wherein the microbial reaction tank 2 has the volume of 25m multiplied by 11m multiplied by 3.1m according to the length multiplied by the width multiplied by the height, and the thickness of the packing layer is 115cm; as a preferred embodiment, the first straw layer 7 is 100mm thick, the organic fertilizer substrate layer 8 is 150mm thick, the fungus stick layer 9 is 700mm thick, the second straw layer 10 is 100mm thick, and the bluestone layer 11 is 100mm thick; the thickness of each layer can be adjusted according to specific working requirements. In the utility model, the thickness of the filler layer is 115cm, and the filler layer is positioned at the dayWater management amount 1500m 3 And/d, the treatment device can stably run for more than five years under the condition that the filler does not need to be replaced or supplemented for more than five years.
In this embodiment, the second filler layer is preferably a lime rock layer, and can adsorb, precipitate and filter the acidic wastewater of the coal mine while neutralizing the acidic wastewater of the coal mine, so as to further remove harmful metal ions and metalloid ions in the water body, purify the water body and improve the water quality; among them, the limestone particle size in the limestone layer is preferably 10cm.
In the present example, the amount of limestone laid in the alkali reaction tank was 1500m in terms of daily water treatment amount 3 And (3) calculating the hydraulic retention time for 15.5h, wherein the primary alkali reaction tank 5 has a volume of 30m multiplied by 26m multiplied by 2.5m according to the length multiplied by the width multiplied by the height, and the secondary alkali reaction tank 6 has a volume of 30m multiplied by 26m multiplied by 2.3m according to the length multiplied by the width multiplied by the height, wherein the thickness of the second packing layer is about 175cm, and the second packing layer occupies about 3/4 of the volume of the tank body.
In this example, taking the acidity of the inlet water of about 20mmol/L as an example, when the daily treatment amount is 1500m3, the total acidity of the inlet water is 20000mol, the alkali required for neutralizing the acidity is 20000mol daily, the operation is continued for 10 years (365 x 10=3650 days), the total acidity of 10 years is 20000 x 3650= 73000000mol, the alkali reaction tank filler is mainly calcium carbonate, the density is 2.93g/cm3, the mass of the calcium carbonate required for 10 years is 7300000000g, the volume of the calcium carbonate required is 2491.47m3, the width of each acid reaction tank Chi Tichang is 30m x 26m, and the height of the fed filler is 2491.47/30 x 26 x 2=1.60 m. In this embodiment, the mass fraction of calcium carbonate in the filler is about 80% or more, and the system-reduced acidity is about 80%, so that the height of the filler is about 1.60m, and the problem of void fraction is considered, so that the coefficient is multiplied by 1.1, and the thickness of the lime rock layer is finally set to be about 1.75m.
In this embodiment, the reaction tank includes a tank body, the tank body is a rectangular tank body, and is surrounded by an enclosing wall 12, and a top plate is arranged at the top of the tank body; an S-shaped flow channel is arranged in the tank body, two ends of the S-shaped flow channel are respectively communicated with the water inlet and the water outlet of the reaction tank, and after the acidic wastewater of the coal mine enters from the water inlet, the acidic wastewater of the coal mine can reach the water outlet only through the whole S-shaped flow channel, so that the flow of the water body is increased, and the water body is promoted to be fully contacted with reactants; wherein, the water inlet and the water outlet are both positioned at the top of the tank body.
In this embodiment, a partition wall 14 and a suspension wall 13 are disposed in the S-shaped flow channel at intervals along the water flow direction, the top of the suspension wall 13 is connected with the top plate of the tank body, a gap is left between the bottom of the suspension wall 13 and the bottom of the tank body, the bottom of the partition wall 14 is connected with the bottom of the tank body, a gap is left between the top of the partition wall 14 and the top plate of the tank body, and the height of the partition wall 14 is lower than the height of the water outlet. Through setting up unsettled wall 13 and barrier wall 14 in this embodiment, can control the water flow direction, further increase the flow of water, promote water and reactant fully contact, guarantee that the system water replacement is abundant, smooth and easy.
The embodiment also discloses a coal mine acidic wastewater treatment system, which comprises a detection device and the coal mine acidic wastewater treatment device, wherein the detection device comprises an iron content detection device and an acidity detection device; the iron content detection device is preferably a UV-9000S type spectrophotometer, and the acidity detection device is preferably a WDDY-2008 type microcomputer automatic potentiometric titrator.
The sampled water sample treated by the coal mine acidic wastewater treatment device of the embodiment is sent to the national emphasis laboratory of geochemistry in the national institute of geochemistry, national academy of sciences, and the content of Fe and the acidity of the water sample are respectively detected by using a UV-9000S-type spectrophotometer (Shanghai Yuan-Ji-Zhi-sha) and a WDDY-2008-type microcomputer automatic potentiometric titrator, and the results are shown in tables 1 and 2:
TABLE 1 Fe content in Water sample
TABLE 2 content of acidity in Water sample
As can be seen from table 1, the reduction amount of Fe in the wastewater treated by the coal mine acidic wastewater treatment device of this embodiment is 98.46% ± 2.35%, and the effect of Fe removal is remarkable; as can be seen from Table 2, the reduction of acidity in wastewater is between 65.76% + -18.21%, effectively reducing acidity of water.
Example two
In this example, acid mine wastewater is first collected into a water collection tank 1.
In this embodiment, the acidic wastewater collected by the water collecting tank 1 is preferably sequentially introduced into the primary microbial reaction tank 2 and the secondary microbial reaction tank 3.
In the embodiment, the primary microorganism reaction tank 2 is paved with quick-acting carbon source and slow-release carbon source according to the daily treatment water quantity of 1500m 3 Calculating/d; the hydraulic retention time is 15h, the primary microorganism reaction tank 2 has the volume of 25m multiplied by 11m multiplied by 3.1m according to the length multiplied by the width multiplied by the height, wherein the thickness of the first packing layer is about 115cm; as a preferred embodiment, the first straw layer 7 is 100mm thick, the organic fertilizer substrate layer 8 is 150mm thick, the fungus stick layer 9 is 700mm thick, the second straw layer 10 is 100mm thick, and the bluestone layer 11 is 100mm thick.
In this example, the secondary microorganism reaction tank 3 was laid with quick-acting carbon source and slow-release carbon source in an amount of 1500m per day of the water to be treated 3 Calculating/d; the hydraulic retention time is 13h, the secondary microorganism reaction tank 3 has the volume of 25m multiplied by 11m multiplied by 3.1m according to the length multiplied by the width multiplied by the height, wherein the thickness of the first packing layer is about 115cm; as a preferred embodiment, the first straw layer 7 is 100mm thick, the organic fertilizer substrate layer 8 is 150mm thick, the fungus stick layer 9 is 700mm thick, the second straw layer 10 is 100mm thick, and the bluestone layer 11 is 100mm thick.
In this embodiment, in the primary microorganism reaction tank 2 and the secondary microorganism reaction tank 3, microorganisms in a water body are grown and metabolized by using various organic matters as nutrient sources. Wherein aerobic bacteria such as iron oxidizing bacteria and thiobacillus ferrooxidans in surface water oxidizing environment are under illumination and oxygenThe gas participates in the left and right sides, fe (II) in the wastewater can be efficiently catalyzed to be oxidized into Fe (III) and the acidity is reduced, and products such as applied minerals, jarosite and the like generated by the hydrolysis of the Fe (III) can adsorb, coprecipitate or passivate part of heavy (quasi) metal ions in the water. The anaerobic bacteria such as sulfate reducing bacteria in the deep water under the reducing environment mainly have three processes of iron removal: (1) catabolizing nutrients such as lactic acid, formic acid, acetic acid, ethanol, carbon dioxide, methane, aliphatic hydrocarbon, polyaromatic hydrocarbon, solid carbon source, hydrogen, etc. to produce HCO 3 - And release high-energy electrons, HCO 3 - Free H in waste water + Combining, reducing acidity and releasing carbon dioxide; (2) sulfate reducing bacteria utilize high energy electrons generated by decomposing organic matters in SO 4 2- Involving SO with reductase 4 2- Reduction to S 2- ，S 2- Free H in waste water + Combine and generate H 2 S, the process not only improves the alkalinity, but also is beneficial to the formation of hydroxide precipitates of metal ions (similar to metal ions) with smaller solubility product, such as Fe (OH) 3 、Al(OH) 3 Can also promote the generation of S 2- Forming a poorly water soluble sulfide precipitate (e.g., feS) in combination with the metal ion(s); (3) the extracellular polymer secreted by the sulfate reducing bacteria has a large number of amino, carboxyl, hydroxyl and other functional groups, and the functional groups can effectively adsorb and complex heavy metals through the actions of ion exchange, surface complexation, surface deposition and the like, so that the effect of fixedly removing the heavy metals in the water body is achieved.
In the embodiment, 100mm straw (slow-release carbon source), 150mm organic fertilizer matrix (quick-acting carbon source), 700mm fungus stick (slow-release carbon source), 100mm straw (slow-release carbon source), 100mm bluestone and the like are added at the bottom of the primary microbial reaction tank 2 and the bottom of the secondary microbial reaction tank 3 from bottom to top as the first filler of the primary microbial reaction tank 2 and the second microbial reaction tank 3, and the acidity of the water body is reduced and harmful (quasi) metal ions are removed through physical, chemical and biological actions, so that the treatment effect of improving the water quality of the water body is achieved.
In this embodiment, after the acid mine wastewater is obtained, the acid mine wastewater is preferably introduced into the adjustment tank 4. And (3) introducing the regulated acid mine wastewater obtained by the regulating tank 4 into the alkali reaction tank.
After the obtained acid mine wastewater or the regulated acid mine wastewater is introduced into the alkali reaction tank, the (quasi) metal ions in the acid mine wastewater are fixedly removed through the second packing layer, and the acidity of the acid mine wastewater is reduced.
In this embodiment, the acid mine wastewater or the adjusted acid mine wastewater is preferably sequentially introduced into the primary alkali reaction tank 5 and the secondary alkali reaction tank 6.
In the present embodiment, the amount of limestone laid in the primary alkali reaction tank 5 is 1500m in terms of daily treatment water amount 3 Calculating/d; the hydraulic retention time is 8.0h, the primary alkali reaction tank 5 has the volume of 30m multiplied by 26m multiplied by 2.5m according to the length multiplied by the width multiplied by the height, wherein the thickness of the second packing layer is about 175cm, and the second packing layer occupies about 3/4 of the volume of the tank body.
In the present embodiment, the amount of limestone laid in the secondary alkali reaction tank 6 is 1500m in terms of daily treatment water amount 3 Calculating/d; the hydraulic retention time is 7.5h, the length, width and height of the secondary alkali reaction tank 6 are 30m multiplied by 26m multiplied by 2.3m, wherein the thickness of the second packing layer is about 175cm, and the second packing layer occupies about 3/4 of the volume of the tank body.
In the embodiment, 3/4 volume of limestone with the particle size of 10cm is added into the primary alkali reaction tank 5 and the secondary alkali reaction tank 6, and the acidity is effectively reduced through the reaction processes of adsorption, filtration, acid neutralization and the like, so that harmful (quasi) metal ions in the water body are further removed, and the water body is purified to improve the water quality.
According to the embodiment, by designing the microbial reaction tanks (2), the regulating tanks (1) and the alkali reaction tanks (2), waste straws, fungus sticks, organic fertilizer matrixes, bluestone and the like are fully utilized, the water flow direction in the system is controlled by reasonably arranging the separation wall and the suspension wall in the two microbial reaction tanks and the two alkali reaction tanks, so that the water body of the system is fully and smoothly replaced, materials such as the organic fertilizer matrixes, fungus sticks, straws, and the blue stone are scientifically layered in the two microbial reaction tanks and the two alkali reaction tanks, the water body is promoted to be effectively contacted with reactants, meanwhile, the microorganism living and growing in the microbial treatment tanks are provided with sufficient nutrients, the effective propagation of microorganisms is ensured, the action mechanisms such as physical precipitation, chemical and microbial oxidation reduction and neutralization reaction are utilized, fe (class) metal ions in acidic wastewater are effectively removed, the acidity of the water body is reduced, the pH of the water body is improved, and the water quality is improved.
The positive effects of this embodiment are as follows:
the device for treating the acidic wastewater in the coal mine of the embodiment is designed to fully utilize waste straws, fungus sticks, organic fertilizer matrixes, bluestone and the like by designing a microbial reaction tank and an alkali reaction tank, effectively remove Fe (class) metal ions in the acidic wastewater by physical precipitation, chemical and microbial redox, neutralization reaction and other action mechanisms, reduce the acidity of a water body, promote the pH value of the water body and improve the water quality. Has the following advantages:
(1) The cost is low, no power equipment is needed, the daily management is simple, and the subsequent maintenance is simple;
(2) The waste is treated by waste, and the added materials in the technology are basically waste straw, fungus sticks, organic fertilizer matrixes, bluestone and the like, so that the cost is reduced, the waste can be treated by waste, and the environmental risk of the waste is reduced;
(3) The adaptability is high, and various toxic substances can be treated;
(4) Sustainable remediation.
It should be noted that it will be apparent to those skilled in the art that the present utility model is not limited to the details of the above-described exemplary embodiments, but may be embodied in other specific forms without departing from the spirit or essential characteristics thereof. The present embodiments are therefore to be considered in all respects as illustrative and not restrictive, the scope of the utility model being indicated by the appended claims rather than by the foregoing description, and all changes which come within the meaning and range of equivalency of the claims are therefore intended to be embraced therein.
The principles and embodiments of the present utility model have been described in detail with reference to specific examples, which are provided to facilitate understanding of the method and core ideas of the present utility model; also, it is within the scope of the present utility model to be modified by those of ordinary skill in the art in light of the present teachings. In view of the foregoing, this description should not be construed as limiting the utility model.
Claims (7)
1. The utility model provides a colliery acidic wastewater's processing apparatus which characterized in that: comprising the following steps:
the water collecting tank is used for temporarily storing the acidic wastewater of the coal mine;
the reaction tank is provided with a water inlet and a water outlet, the reaction tank comprises a microbial reaction tank and an alkali reaction tank, the water inlet of the microbial reaction tank is communicated with the water outlet of the water collecting tank, a first filler layer is arranged in the microbial reaction tank, and the first filler layer can provide carbon sources required by reaction for microorganisms in the coal mine acidic wastewater; the water inlet of the alkali reaction tank is communicated with the water outlet of the microbial reaction tank, a second packing layer is arranged in the alkali reaction tank and used for reducing the acidity of the acidic wastewater of the coal mine and fixedly removing metal ions and metalloid ions.
2. The apparatus for treating acidic wastewater in a coal mine according to claim 1, wherein: the reaction tank further comprises a regulating tank, wherein the regulating tank is connected between the microbial reaction tank and the alkali reaction tank, and the regulating tank can be converted into the microbial reaction tank or the alkali reaction tank.
3. The apparatus for treating acidic wastewater in a coal mine according to claim 2, wherein: the microbial reaction tank comprises a primary microbial reaction tank and a secondary microbial reaction tank, the alkali reaction tank comprises a primary alkali reaction tank and a secondary alkali reaction tank, and the water collecting tank, the primary microbial reaction tank, the secondary microbial reaction tank, the regulating tank, the primary alkali reaction tank and the secondary alkali reaction tank are sequentially communicated and gradually reduced in height.
4. The apparatus for treating acidic wastewater in a coal mine according to claim 1, wherein: the first filler layer comprises a quick-acting carbon source layer and/or a slow-release carbon source layer; when the first filler layer comprises a quick-acting carbon source layer and a slow-release carbon source layer, the slow-release carbon source layer is arranged on the upper side and the lower side of the quick-acting carbon source layer.
5. The device for treating acidic wastewater in a coal mine according to claim 4, wherein: the quick-acting carbon source layer is an organic fertilizer substrate layer, the slow-release carbon source layer below the quick-acting carbon source layer comprises a first straw layer, the slow-release carbon source layer above the quick-acting carbon source layer comprises a fungus stick layer and a second straw layer which are sequentially arranged from bottom to top, and a sapphire layer is further arranged above the second straw layer;
the second filler layer is a lime rock layer.
6. The apparatus for treating acidic wastewater in a coal mine according to claim 1, wherein: the reaction tank comprises a tank body, wherein an S-shaped flow channel is arranged in the tank body, and two ends of the S-shaped flow channel are respectively communicated with a water inlet and a water outlet of the reaction tank, wherein the water inlet and the water outlet are both positioned at the top of the tank body; the water flow type water tank is characterized in that a baffle wall and a suspension wall are arranged in the S-shaped flow channel at intervals along the water flow direction, the top of the suspension wall is connected with the top plate of the tank body, a gap is reserved between the bottom of the suspension wall and the bottom of the tank body, the bottom of the baffle wall is connected with the bottom of the tank body, a gap is reserved between the top of the baffle wall and the top plate of the tank body, and the height of the baffle wall is lower than that of the water outlet.
7. The utility model provides a colliery acidic wastewater's processing system which characterized in that: a treatment apparatus for acidic wastewater in a coal mine comprising a detection apparatus and an acidity detection apparatus as claimed in any one of claims 1 to 6, the detection apparatus comprising an iron content detection apparatus and an acidity detection apparatus.
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