CN219538366U - Sampling device - Google Patents

Abstract

The utility model provides a sampler, which relates to the technical field of medical appliances, and comprises: the collector is provided with a cage body which is in a cage-shaped structure, and the surface of the cage body is provided with a plurality of hollowed-out holes; the cage body is provided with a contracted state and an expanded state, and the maximum outer diameter of the cage body in the expanded state is larger than the maximum outer diameter of the cage body in the contracted state; the collector is connected to the inner side of the outer tube in a sliding manner, the cage body is in a contracted state when being positioned in the outer tube, and the cage body can be in an unfolding state after extending out of the distal end of the outer tube; and the control part is respectively connected with the outer tube and the collector and is used for driving the collector to slide relative to the outer tube so as to enable the cage body to enter the outer tube or slide out of the distal end of the outer tube.

Description

Sampling device

Technical Field

The utility model relates to the technical field of medical equipment, in particular to a sampler.

Background

Endoscopic Retrograde Cholangiopancreatography (ERCP) is a broad set of medical procedures used to address problems associated with the cholangiopancreatography system. Part of this procedure typically involves taking a biopsy from the pancreas or bile duct lesion. Cholangiopancreatography biopsy is a procedure that safely extracts tissue or cell samples to diagnose disease, typically a preliminary step before determining if a patient needs surgical resection. Tissue sampling techniques must have high sensitivity for detecting malignant tumors while maintaining sufficient specificity; like any procedure, ERCP-based sampling techniques should be safe, simple, relatively inexpensive, and so should be widely used.

The distal narrow branching structure of the bile duct (inner diameter typically less than 6 mm) makes it difficult for the viewing or manipulation tool to perform the sampling. The current standard for biopsy is to use fluoroscopy to guide the device to the area of problem for acquisition. Studies have shown that biliary tract stenosis sampling specimens obtain small amounts of tissue and often contain insufficient cells, often resulting in false negative diagnosis. The most common biopsy method in bile ducts is to brush cells for cytological examination. The guide wire guides the brush into the tube, pulling the guide wire, and the cells on the tube wall attach to the dense bristles to obtain a sample. However, biliary tract brushing cells are less sensitive due to insufficient sampling. In general, it is preferable to obtain epithelial to deeper submucosal tissue for proper tissue diagnosis.

Yet another less common biopsy method within the bile duct is forceps biopsy. In operation, the two sharp jaws of the forceps are opened against the tissue in question, and the jaws are then closed and pulled back quickly to tear the tissue from the bile duct wall. This technique is more time consuming than brushing, technically more challenging, and therefore less common. Forceps are not suitable for stenotic applications because the opening procedure enlarges the tool, thereby limiting access to the diseased area at the stricture. In addition, the rigidity and linear nature of forceps makes their extension from the choledochoscope biopsy aperture generally straight, parallel to the pancreatic bile duct, making sampling from the straight luminal surface difficult. For example, biopsies cannot be performed on angled bile duct wall tissue, as pancreatic biliary stenosis makes angular adjustment of the device difficult. Some pliers have a complicated structure and inconvenient operation, although the front end of the pliers can be bent and rotated.

Problems of the prior art: 1. the sampling amount is small; 2. multiple sampling is not easy or impossible.

Disclosure of Invention

The utility model aims to provide a sampler so as to solve the technical problems that the existing sampler is less in sampling and cannot sample at multiple sides.

The utility model provides a sampler, comprising: the device comprises a collector, wherein a cage body is arranged on the collector, the cage body is of a cage-shaped structure, and a plurality of hollowed-out holes are formed in the surface of the cage body; the cage body is provided with a contracted state and an expanded state, and the maximum outer diameter of the cage body in the expanded state is larger than the maximum outer diameter of the cage body in the contracted state;

the collector is connected to the inner side of the outer tube in a sliding mode, the cage body is in a contracted state when located in the outer tube, and the cage body can be in an unfolded state after extending out of the distal end of the outer tube;

the control part is respectively connected with the outer tube and the collector, and is used for driving the collector to slide relative to the outer tube so that the cage body enters into the outer tube or slides out of the distal end of the outer tube.

Further, the collector comprises a distal end portion, a cage body and a proximal end portion, wherein one end of the cage body is connected with the distal end portion, and the other end of the cage body is connected with the proximal end portion.

Further, the proximal end portion is connected with the control portion through a bendable stay cable;

and/or the distal end of the distal end portion has a guide structure including a curved surface curved in a distal direction.

Furthermore, the cage body is surrounded by a plurality of supporting wires, and the hollow holes are formed by gaps between the supporting wires.

Furthermore, the hollowed-out hole is round, oval or polygonal in the unfolded state.

Further, teeth and/or bristles protruding in the radial direction of the cage body are arranged on the supporting wires.

Further, the cage is made of an elastic material that self-expands from a contracted state to an expanded state after the compressive force is removed.

Further, the sampler further comprises a driving mechanism, wherein the driving mechanism is connected with the cage body and used for driving the cage body to switch between a contracted state and an expanded state.

Further, the collector comprises a distal end part, a guide rod and a proximal end part, the cage body is positioned outside the guide rod, one end of the cage body is connected with the distal end part, and the other end of the cage body is connected with the proximal end part; the distal end of the guide rod is connected with the distal end part, and the proximal end part is sleeved on the outer side of the guide rod in a sliding way;

the driving mechanism is connected with the proximal end portion and is used for driving the proximal end portion to move towards or away from the distal end portion.

Further, the control part comprises a handle and a sliding block, wherein the sliding block is in sliding connection with the handle, and the sliding block is connected with the collector.

Further, the slider is detachably connected to the handle so that the harvester can be completely pulled out from the proximal end of the outer tube.

The sampler provided by the utility model comprises: the device comprises a collector, wherein a cage body is arranged on the collector, the cage body is of a cage-shaped structure, and a plurality of hollowed-out holes are formed in the surface of the cage body; the cage body is provided with a contracted state and an expanded state, and the maximum outer diameter of the cage body in the expanded state is larger than the maximum outer diameter of the cage body in the contracted state; the collector is connected to the inner side of the outer tube in a sliding mode, the cage body is in a contracted state when located in the outer tube, and the cage body can be in an unfolded state after extending out of the distal end of the outer tube; the control part is respectively connected with the outer tube and the collector, and is used for driving the collector to slide relative to the outer tube so that the cage body enters into the outer tube or slides out of the distal end of the outer tube. When the sampler is used, the outer tube can be firstly inserted into the target position of the human body cavity by conforming to the endoscope inserting part, then the collector is extended out of the distal end of the outer tube by utilizing the control part, the collector is switched from a contracted state to an expanded state by radial expansion, the cavity is fully filled, mucous membrane tissues on the inner wall of the cavity are extruded into the cage body from the hollowed-out holes, and the pathological tissues are sampled by utilizing a clamping or scraping (brushing) mode from the contracted closed cage body to the contracted state. And after the sampling is finished, the cage body is contracted into the outer tube through the control part, and the outer tube exits from the cavity to finish the sampling. The collector provided by the scheme has the advantages that: the expanded cage body can be fully attached to the inner wall of the cavity, can adapt to the cavities with different widths of the human body, does not need to adjust the direction and the angle, and solves the problem that the sampling of focus areas in the pancreatic bile duct is difficult. The mucous membrane tissue is extruded into the hollow hole of the cage body, and tissue samples are collected by utilizing a shrinkage closing clamping or axial reciprocating pulling, feeding, scraping (brushing) or rotating scraping (brushing) mode. The simple, stable and reliable design brings a lot of effective benefits to clinic, the mucous membrane tissue is collected more accurately, the diagnosis efficiency is improved, and the diagnosis time can be shortened.

Drawings

In order to more clearly illustrate the embodiments of the present utility model or the technical solutions in the prior art, the drawings that are needed in the description of the embodiments or the prior art will be briefly described, and it is obvious that the drawings in the description below are some embodiments of the present utility model, and other drawings can be obtained according to the drawings without inventive effort for a person skilled in the art.

FIG. 1 is a schematic view of a sampler according to an embodiment of the present utility model when a cage is in a contracted state;

FIG. 2 is an overall schematic diagram of a cage in a sampler according to an embodiment of the present utility model in an expanded state;

FIG. 3 is a schematic view of a cage in a contracted state in a sampler according to an embodiment of the present utility model;

FIG. 4 is an enlarged view of a portion of the cage of FIG. 2;

FIG. 5 is a schematic diagram of a sampler according to an embodiment of the present utility model;

FIG. 6 is a schematic diagram of another embodiment of a sampler according to the present utility model;

fig. 7 is a schematic diagram of another sampler of the sampler according to the embodiment of the present utility model.

Icon: 100-collector; 110-a distal portion; 111-cambered surface; 120-cage body; 121-supporting wires; 122-teeth; 130-proximal end;

200-an outer tube;

310-handle; 320-sliding blocks;

400-inhaul cable; 500-guide bar.

Detailed Description

The technical solutions of the present utility model will be clearly and completely described in connection with the embodiments, and it is apparent that the described embodiments are some embodiments of the present utility model, but not all embodiments. All other embodiments, which can be made by those skilled in the art based on the embodiments of the utility model without making any inventive effort, are intended to be within the scope of the utility model.

The sampler provided by the utility model can be used for cholangiography and other cavity tube operations.

As shown in fig. 1-5, wherein in fig. 1, the left side is provided as the distal side and the right side is provided as the proximal side. The sampler includes: a collector 100 for collecting lesion tissue within a lumen.

The collector 100 is provided with a cage body 120, the cage body 120 is in a cage-shaped structure, and the surface of the cage body 120 is provided with a plurality of hollowed-out holes. The cage 120 has a contracted state and an expanded state, and the maximum outer diameter of the cage 120 in the expanded state is greater than the maximum outer diameter of the cage 120 in the contracted state. Moreover, it should be noted that, in the contracted state of the cage 120, the aperture of the hollowed-out hole is smaller than that of the hollowed-out hole in the expanded state, and the size of the hollowed-out hole changes along with the whole contraction and expansion of the cage 120.

The cage 120 may specifically be surrounded by a plurality of supporting wires 121, and the hollow holes are formed by gaps between the supporting wires 121 and the supporting wires 121. The support wire 121 can be bent or curved to change its shape.

The sampler further comprises: the outer tube 200, the outer tube 200 can form a channel for communicating the inside and outside of the human body, and the collector 100 enters the lesion of the lumen through the outer tube 200. In addition, the inner diameter of the outer tube 200 is slightly larger than the outer diameter of the cage 120 in the contracted state, so that the cage 120 can be restrained, and the collector 100 can more easily enter the human body in the contracted state before the outer tube 200 is extended from the distal end.

The collector 100 is slidably connected to the inner side of the outer tube 200, the cage 120 is in a contracted state when located in the outer tube 200, and the cage 120 can be in an expanded state after extending from the distal end of the outer tube 200.

When the cage 120 is switched from the contracted state to the expanded state, the cage may be radially expanded by self-expanding force or mechanical force, specifically:

in one embodiment, the cage 120 may be made of an elastic material, that is, the supporting wires 121 surrounding the cage 120 are made of an elastic material, which may be a metal or a non-metal material. The cage 120 may remain in the expanded state without the limitation of external forces, and may be compressed to the contracted state by the external forces, while still expanding to the expanded state upon removal of the external forces. When the cage 120 is positioned within the outer tube 200, it assumes a contracted state under the constraint of the inner wall of the outer tube 200, and after the cage 120 is extended from the distal end of the outer tube 200, the cage 120 may self-expand from the contracted state to the expanded state upon loss of the constraint.

In another embodiment, the sampler further comprises a drive mechanism coupled to the cage 120 for driving the cage 120 between the contracted state and the expanded state. The cage 120 itself does not have self-deforming capability and the drive mechanism may generate a mechanical force in a radial direction to move each support wire 121 in a radial direction by pushing and pulling the support wire 121.

Specifically, as shown in fig. 7, the collector 100 includes a distal portion 110, a guide rod 500, and a proximal portion 130, the cage 120 is located outside the guide rod 500, the distal end of the cage 120 is connected to the distal portion 110, and the proximal end of the cage 120 is connected to the proximal portion 130. The distal end of the guide rod 500 is connected to the distal end 110, the proximal end 130 is tubular, and the proximal end 130 is slidably sleeved on the outer side of the guide rod 500. The driving mechanism is connected to the proximal portion 130, and is capable of driving the proximal portion 130 to move toward or away from the distal portion 110, when the proximal portion 130 moves toward the distal portion 110, the cage 120 gradually changes from the contracted state to the expanded state, whereas when the proximal portion 130 moves away from the distal portion 110, the cage 120 gradually changes from the expanded state to the contracted state.

The sampler further comprises a control part which is respectively connected with the outer tube 200 and the collector 100, and is used for driving the collector 100 to slide relative to the outer tube 200 so as to enable the cage 120 to enter into the outer tube 200 or slide out of the distal end of the outer tube 200. The control unit may drive the collector 100 by an electric drive method or a manual drive method.

In this embodiment, a manual control manner is adopted, the control portion includes a handle 310 and a slider 320, the slider 320 is slidably connected with the handle 310, the handle 310 is fixedly connected with the outer tube 200, and the slider 320 is connected with the collector 100 through a bendable cable 400. The user can slide the sliding block 320 in the far and near directions relative to the handle 310 by pushing and pulling the finger, so as to drive the collector 100 to axially move relative to the outer tube 200, and the state of the cage 120 is switched.

The sliding block 320 not only can slide in the far and near directions relative to the handle 310, so as to drive the collector 100 to axially move relative to the outer tube 200, but also can rotate by taking the axis of the outer tube 200 as a rotation axis, so as to drive the collector 100 to rotate.

The working principle of the sampler is as follows:

when the sampler is used, the outer tube 200 is firstly inserted into a target position of a human body cavity by conforming to an endoscope insertion part, then the collector 100 is extended out of the distal end of the outer tube 200 by utilizing the control part, the collector 100 is switched from a contracted state to an expanded state by radial expansion, the cavity is fully filled, mucous membrane tissues on the inner wall of the cavity are extruded into the cage 120 from the hollowed-out holes, and pathological tissues are sampled by clamping or scraping (brushing) the contracted closed cage to the contracted state. After the sampling is finished, the cage 120 is contracted into the outer tube 200 by the control part, and the outer tube 200 exits from the cavity to finish the sampling.

The advantages of the sampler are as follows: the expanded cage 120 can be fully attached to the inner wall of the cavity, can adapt to the cavity with different widths of human body, and does not need to adjust the direction and the angle. Mucosal tissue is extruded into the hollowed-out hole of the cage 120, and tissue samples are collected by utilizing a shrinkage closing clamping or axial reciprocating pulling, feeding, scraping (brushing) or rotating scraping (brushing) mode. The simple, stable and reliable design brings a lot of effective benefits to clinic, the mucous membrane tissue is collected more accurately, the diagnosis efficiency is improved, and the diagnosis time can be shortened.

The harvester 100 includes a distal portion 110, a cage 120, and a proximal portion 130, wherein one end of the cage 120 is connected to the distal portion 110 and the other end is connected to the proximal portion 130.

The distal portion 110 and the proximal portion 130 may each be cylindrical in configuration with an outer diameter that matches the inner diameter of the outer tube 200 (the outer diameter of the cylindrical configuration being slightly smaller than the inner diameter of the outer tube 200). As shown in fig. 6, the cage 120 may be surrounded by two support wires 121, and both ends of the support wires 121 may be connected to the proximal portion 130 and the distal portion 110, respectively.

The number of the supporting wires 121 may be greater than two, and two ends of the supporting wires 121 may be respectively connected with the other two supporting wires 121. The hollow holes formed between the supporting wires 121 may be circular, elliptical or polygonal in the unfolded state, as shown in fig. 4, and the hollow holes are quadrilateral.

As shown in fig. 2-3, the proximal portion 130 and the slider 320 may be connected by a plurality of cables 400, and the cable 400 may be made of metal, and the cable 400 may be wire-shaped and bendable. In the contracted state of the cage 120, after the distal end portion 110 guides the outer tube 200 into the lumen, the distal end portion 110 will advance along with the direction of the lumen, and the flexible cable 400 will adaptively bend, so as to avoid the distal end portion 110 from stabbing the lumen wall.

As shown in fig. 4, in order to further protect the lumen wall and to make it easier for the distal end portion 110 to pass through the lesion site, the distal end of the distal end portion 110 has a guide structure including a curved surface 111 curved in the distal direction. The curved surface 111 provides a better guiding function, and when the curved surface 111 passes through a lesion stenosis area, the lesion tissue can be expanded outwards, and damage to the lesion tissue is reduced, so that the distal end 110 passes through the stenosis area smoothly, and then the cage 120 is positioned at the stenosis position.

In one possible embodiment, as shown in fig. 4, the support wire 121 is provided with teeth 122 protruding in the radial direction of the cage 120. In another embodiment, bristles protruding in the radial direction of the cage 120 are provided on the supporting wires 121. In yet another embodiment, the support wires 121 are provided with teeth 122 and bristles protruding in the radial direction of the cage 120. The teeth 122 and bristles described above may be used to scrape (brush) diseased tissue from the lesion.

Specifically, the operation method for obtaining the pathological tissue is as follows:

first kind: the cage 120 is expanded to be in an unfolding state to fully fill the cavity tube, mucous membrane tissues are extruded into the hollowed-out holes of the cage 120, and the sliding block 320 is operated to drive the inhaul cable 400 to enable the cage 120 to shrink and close so as to clamp lesion tissues.

Second kind: the cage 120 is expanded to be in an unfolding state to fully fill the cavity tube, mucous membrane tissues are extruded into the hollowed-out holes of the cage 120, and the operation sliding block 320 drives the guy cable 400 to axially and reciprocally pull the collector 100 to scrape (brush) lesion tissues.

Third kind: the cage 120 is expanded to be in an unfolding state to fully fill the cavity tube, mucous membrane tissues are extruded into the hollowed-out holes of the cage 120, and the operation sliding block 320 drives the stay cable 400 to rotate the collector 100 to scrape (brush) lesion tissues.

It should be specifically noted that in one embodiment, the slider 320 is removably coupled to the handle 310 to enable the harvester 100 to be completely withdrawn from the proximal end of the outer tube 200.

After sampling of the lesion tissue, the slider 320 can be completely removed from the handle 310 by pulling the slider 320 to the proximal side, and at this time, the outer tube 200 stays in the lumen to form a channel communicating the inside and outside of the human body, and the drug injection or other operations can be performed by means of the channel.

Finally, it should be noted that: the above embodiments are only for illustrating the technical solution of the present utility model, and not for limiting the same; although the utility model has been described in detail with reference to the foregoing embodiments, it will be understood by those of ordinary skill in the art that: the technical scheme described in the foregoing embodiments can be modified or some or all of the technical features thereof can be replaced by equivalents; such modifications and substitutions do not depart from the spirit of the utility model.

Claims (11)

1. A sampler, comprising: the device comprises a collector (100), wherein a cage body (120) is arranged on the collector (100), the cage body (120) is of a cage-shaped structure, and a plurality of hollowed-out holes are formed in the surface of the cage body (120); the cage body (120) has a contracted state and an expanded state, and the maximum outer diameter of the cage body (120) in the expanded state is larger than the maximum outer diameter of the cage body (120) in the contracted state;

the collector (100) is slidably connected to the inner side of the outer tube (200), the cage body (120) is in a contracted state when being positioned in the outer tube (200), and the cage body (120) can be in an unfolded state after extending out of the distal end of the outer tube (200);

the control part is respectively connected with the outer tube (200) and the collector (100), and is used for driving the collector (100) to slide relative to the outer tube (200) so that the cage body (120) enters into the outer tube (200) or slides out of the distal end of the outer tube (200).

2. The sampler of claim 1, wherein the collector (100) comprises a distal portion (110), a cage (120) and a proximal portion (130), one end of the cage (120) being connected to the distal portion (110) and the other end being connected to the proximal portion (130).

3. The sampler according to claim 2, characterized in that the proximal end (130) is connected to the control part by a flexible cable (400);

and/or the distal end of the distal end portion (110) has a guiding structure comprising a curved surface (111) curved in the distal direction.

4. The sampler according to claim 1, wherein the cage (120) is surrounded by a plurality of support wires (121), and the hollow holes are formed by gaps between the support wires (121) and the support wires (121).

5. The sampler of claim 4, wherein the hollowed-out hole is circular, elliptical or polygonal in the unfolded state.

6. The sampler according to claim 4, characterized in that the support wire (121) is provided with teeth (122) and/or bristles protruding in the radial direction of the cage (120).

7. The sampler of any one of claims 1-6, wherein the cage (120) is made of an elastic material, the cage (120) being capable of self-expanding from a contracted state to an expanded state upon removal of a compressive force.

8. The sampler according to any one of claims 1-6, further comprising a drive mechanism connected to the cage (120) for driving the cage (120) to switch between a contracted state and an expanded state.

9. The sampler of claim 8, wherein the collector (100) comprises a distal end (110), a guide bar (500) and a proximal end (130), the cage (120) is located outside the guide bar (500), one end of the cage (120) is connected to the distal end (110) and the other end is connected to the proximal end (130); the distal end of the guide rod (500) is connected with the distal end part (110), and the proximal end part (130) is sleeved on the outer side of the guide rod (500) in a sliding way;

the driving mechanism is connected with the proximal end portion (130) and is used for driving the proximal end portion (130) to move towards or away from the distal end portion (110).

10. The sampler according to any one of claims 1-6, wherein the control part comprises a handle (310) and a slider (320), the slider (320) being in sliding connection with the handle (310), the slider (320) being connected with the collector (100).

11. The sampler of claim 10, wherein the slider (320) is detachably connected to the handle (310) to enable the collector (100) to be completely withdrawn from the proximal end of the outer tube (200).