CN219513307U

CN219513307U - Novel waveguide circular polarizer for frequency division

Info

Publication number: CN219513307U
Application number: CN202223486139.0U
Authority: CN
Inventors: 李航; 周傲松; 谢亮亮; 雪丹
Original assignee: SPACE STAR AEROSPACE TECHNOLOGY APPLICATIONS CO LTD; Beijing Institute of Spacecraft System Engineering
Current assignee: SPACE STAR AEROSPACE TECHNOLOGY APPLICATIONS CO LTD; Beijing Institute of Spacecraft System Engineering
Priority date: 2022-12-27
Filing date: 2022-12-27
Publication date: 2023-08-11
Anticipated expiration: 2032-12-27

Abstract

The utility model relates to the field of satellite communication, in particular to a novel waveguide circular polarizer for frequency division, which is characterized in that an H-plane power divider is used for dividing a signal which enters through a first rectangular waveguide port or a second rectangular waveguide port into two paths in a constant-amplitude and same-phase manner, and the signals respectively enter in-phase ends of two E-plane 90-degree quadrature waveguide bridges; the E-plane 90-degree orthogonal waveguide bridge is used for carrying out 90-degree phase shifting on two orthogonal modes to generate a + -90-degree phase difference; the frequency demultiplexer is connected with the E-plane 90-degree orthogonal waveguide bridge through the connecting waveguide, and is used for circularly polarizing and synthesizing two orthogonal modes of the orthogonal waveguide bridge and outputting through a circular waveguide output port on the frequency demultiplexer. The novel waveguide circular polarizer for frequency division has the advantages of compact structure, convenient processing, smaller transverse and longitudinal dimensions, stable and reliable structure and excellent performance, can realize the left-right rotation operation at the same time, and is particularly suitable for a feed source system of a multi-band common circular polarization antenna.

Description

Novel waveguide circular polarizer for frequency division

Technical Field

The utility model relates to the field of satellite communication, in particular to a novel waveguide circular polarizer for frequency division.

Background

Circular polarizers are widely used microwave devices in the fields of satellite communications, remote sensing, etc. The conventional circular polarizers mainly include dielectric type, pin type, diaphragm type, corrugated waveguide type, ridge waveguide type, etc. These circular polarizers have a certain bandwidth limitation, and when the bandwidth exceeds the use range, the performance of the circular polarizers is seriously degraded, and at this time, different frequency bands are required to be separated to realize circular polarization.

Aiming at a large-frequency-percentage circular polarization system, a frequency divider is adopted to couple a low-frequency signal out of four side walls and then the low-frequency signal is combined into a circular waveguide linear polarization TE11 mode, a high-frequency signal passes through a straight-through port, and circular polarization is respectively carried out on the low-frequency and high-frequency linear polarization signals through a traditional circular polarizer; the other method is that a broadband OMT is used for separating two paths of orthogonal signals, namely horizontal and vertical signals, then high-frequency horizontal polarization, high-frequency vertical polarization, low-frequency horizontal polarization and low-frequency vertical polarization signals are separated through a frequency duplexer, and circular polarization is respectively realized for high frequency and low frequency through a 90-degree bridge.

For the feed source network of the small-caliber double-reflecting-surface antenna, the projection area of the network is required to be as small as possible structurally, and the feed source cannot be blocked. The first method is too long in longitudinal dimension, is often limited to structural dimension when applied to a communication-in-motion antenna, and is inconvenient to process; second kind

The method has a complex structure, the conventional design has larger transverse dimension, and for a system with a mechanical rotating structure, the transverse dimension is required to be incapable of exceeding the envelope, and the miniaturization design difficulty is greatly increased.

Disclosure of Invention

In order to solve the above problems, the present utility model provides a novel waveguide circular polarizer for frequency division, which can be used for implementing a high-frequency or low-frequency band circular polarization scheme under the condition of large frequency percentage.

The technical scheme for realizing the purpose of the utility model is as follows:

a novel waveguide circular polarizer for frequency division comprises a frequency demultiplexer, an E-plane 90-degree orthogonal waveguide bridge, an H-plane power divider and a connecting waveguide;

the H-plane power divider is used for dividing a signal which enters through the first rectangular waveguide port or the second rectangular waveguide port into two paths in a constant-amplitude and same-phase manner, and respectively entering into the in-phase ends of two E-plane 90-degree quadrature waveguide bridges;

the E-plane 90-degree orthogonal waveguide bridge is used for carrying out 90-degree phase shifting on two orthogonal modes to generate a +/-90-degree phase difference;

the frequency splitter is connected with the E-plane 90-degree orthogonal waveguide bridge through a connecting waveguide, and is used for circularly polarizing and synthesizing two orthogonal modes of the orthogonal waveguide bridge and outputting through a circular waveguide output port on the frequency splitter.

In some embodiments, the frequency demultiplexer further comprises a matching circle, 4 rectangular waveguide ends, and 4 rectangular waveguide ports; the 4 rectangular waveguide ends are distributed in a cross shape and are connected through matching circles concentric with the circular waveguide output port; the end parts of the 4 rectangular waveguide ends are 4 rectangular waveguide ports, and the 4 rectangular waveguide ports are integrally connected with the connecting waveguide.

In some embodiments, the frequency demultiplexer further comprises a step, the step for providing on the rectangular waveguide end, the matching step and the matching circle for matching with an impedance of the connecting waveguide.

In some embodiments, the E-plane 90 ° quadrature waveguide bridge is connected to two rectangular waveguide ports adjacent to the connecting waveguide, and the two output ports are equal in amplitude and have a 90 ° phase difference.

In some embodiments, the two shunt ports of the H-plane power divider are in constant amplitude and in phase, including a T-head and a corner, and the corner connects the E-plane 90 ° quadrature waveguide bridge.

In some embodiments, circular waveguide output ports are used to transmit high frequency and low frequency signals; the circular waveguide shorting port is for connecting with a low frequency signal path and shorting to a high frequency.

In some embodiments, two opposite rectangular waveguide ports on the frequency demultiplexer transmit the same mode, namely horizontal polarization and vertical polarization, respectively, the two modes are orthogonal modes, the equal amplitude phase difference is 90 degrees, and the two modes are synthesized into circular polarized waves after entering a circular waveguide of the frequency demultiplexer.

In some embodiments, an E-plane 90 ° quadrature waveguide bridge includes four ports: the E-plane 90-degree orthogonal waveguide bridge is symmetrical in structure about a center point, electromagnetic waves entering from the input port can be output at the straight-through port and the coupling port in a constant amplitude mode, and the phases are different by 90 degrees.

In some embodiments, the first rectangular waveguide port, the second rectangular waveguide port, one circular waveguide output port, and one circular waveguide short circuit port are external ports.

The beneficial effects of the utility model are as follows:

1. the novel waveguide circular polarizer for frequency division has the advantages of compact structure, convenient processing, smaller transverse and longitudinal dimensions, stable and reliable structure and excellent performance, can realize the left-right rotation operation at the same time, and is particularly suitable for a feed source system of a multi-band common circular polarization antenna;

2. the method can be used for realizing circular polarization work by frequency division when the frequency ratio is large, and can also be used for single-band work;

3. the performance is excellent, the internal axial ratio of 20% bandwidth is less than or equal to 1dB, and the standing wave ratio is less than or equal to 1.2;

4. compact structure, small transverse and longitudinal dimensions, good appearance, and low insertion loss.

Drawings

FIG. 1 is a schematic block diagram of a novel waveguide circular polarizer for frequency division according to the present utility model;

FIG. 2 is a schematic view of an angle configuration of a novel waveguide circular polarizer for frequency division according to the present utility model;

FIG. 3 is a schematic view of another angle configuration of the novel waveguide circular polarizer for frequency division of the present utility model;

FIG. 4 is a schematic diagram of the structure of the frequency demultiplexer of the present utility model;

FIG. 5 is a schematic diagram of a 90 orthogonal waveguide bridge configuration for the E-plane of the present utility model;

FIG. 6 is a schematic diagram of the H-plane power divider of the present utility model;

in the figure, 1-a frequency demultiplexer; 2-E plane 90 DEG orthogonal waveguide bridge; 3-H surface power divider; 4-a circular waveguide output port; 5-a circular waveguide short circuit port; 6-a first rectangular waveguide port; 7-a second rectangular waveguide port; 8-connecting the waveguides; 11-matching circle; 12-matching steps; 13—a rectangular waveguide end; 14-rectangular waveguide port; 31-corner; 32-T-head; 21-an input port; 22-isolating port; 23-a straight-through port; 24-coupling port.

Detailed Description

The present utility model will be described in detail below with reference to the embodiments shown in the drawings, but it should be understood that the embodiments are not limited to the utility model, and equivalent changes or substitutions of functions, methods or structures according to the embodiments by those skilled in the art are included in the scope of the present utility model.

As shown in fig. 1-6, a novel waveguide circular polarizer for frequency division comprises a frequency demultiplexer 1, an E-plane 90 ° orthogonal waveguide bridge 2, an H-plane power divider 3 and a connecting waveguide 8;

the H-plane power divider 3 is configured to divide a signal entering through the first rectangular waveguide port 6 or the second rectangular waveguide port 7 into two paths with equal amplitude and in phase, and enter into the in-phase ends of two E-plane 90 ° quadrature waveguide bridges respectively;

the E-plane 90-degree orthogonal waveguide bridge 2 is used for carrying out 90-degree phase shifting on two orthogonal modes to generate a +/-90-degree phase difference;

the frequency demultiplexer 1 is connected with the E-plane 90-degree orthogonal waveguide bridge 2 through a connecting waveguide 8, and the frequency demultiplexer 1 is used for circularly polarizing and synthesizing two orthogonal modes of the orthogonal waveguide bridge 2 and outputting the two orthogonal modes through a circular waveguide output port 4 on the two orthogonal modes.

In some embodiments, the frequency demultiplexer 1 further comprises a matching circle 11, 4 rectangular waveguide ends 13, and 4 rectangular waveguide ports 14; the 4 rectangular waveguide ends 13 are distributed in a cross shape and are connected through a matching circle 11 concentric with the circular waveguide output port 4; the end parts of the 4 rectangular waveguide ends 13 are 4 rectangular waveguide ports 14, the 4 rectangular waveguide ports 14 are integrally connected with the connecting waveguide 8, the circular waveguide output port 4 is used for transmitting high-frequency signals and low-frequency signals, the circular waveguide short-circuit port 5 is used for being connected with a low-frequency signal path and short-circuiting the high frequencies, and a short-circuiting device or a filter can be externally connected according to use requirements.

Further, the circular waveguide output port 6 is connected with a feed horn.

In some embodiments, the frequency demultiplexer 1 further comprises a step 12, the step 12 is disposed on the rectangular waveguide end 13, and the matching step 12 and the matching circle 11 are used for impedance matching with the connection waveguide 8.

In some embodiments, the E-plane 90 ° quadrature waveguide bridge 2 is connected to two rectangular waveguide ports adjacent to the connecting waveguide 8, and the two output ports have equal amplitudes and a 90 ° phase difference.

In some embodiments, the two branches of the H-plane power divider 3 are in phase with equal amplitude, including a T-shaped head 32 and a corner 31, and the corner 31 is connected to the E-plane 90 ° quadrature waveguide bridge 2.

In some embodiments, two opposite rectangular waveguide ports 14 on the frequency demultiplexer 1 transmit the same mode, namely horizontal polarization and vertical polarization, respectively, the two modes are orthogonal modes, have the same amplitude and are 90 degrees different, and the two modes enter a circular waveguide of the frequency demultiplexer and are synthesized into circular polarized waves.

In some embodiments, the E-plane 90 ° quadrature waveguide bridge 2 comprises four ports: the E-plane 90 ° orthogonal waveguide bridge 2 is symmetrical about a center point in structure, electromagnetic waves entering from the input port 21 are output at equal amplitude at the through port 23 and the coupling port 24, and are out of phase by 90 °, and the circular polarization axial ratio bandwidth mainly depends on the axial ratio bandwidth of the E-plane 90 ° orthogonal waveguide bridge.

In all of the above embodiments, the first rectangular waveguide port 6, the second rectangular waveguide port 7, one circular waveguide output port 4 and one circular waveguide short-circuit port 5 are external ports.

The specific principle of the utility model as shown in fig. 1 is as follows: the TE10 mode input by the first rectangular waveguide port 6 is divided into two paths of TE10 modes with equal amplitude and same phase through an H-plane equal-amplitude in-phase power divider, the two paths of TE10 modes enter two same-side input ports of an E-plane 90-degree quadrature waveguide bridge 1 and an E-plane 90-degree quadrature waveguide bridge 2 respectively, the two paths of equal-amplitude signals with 90-degree phase difference are converted through the E-plane 90-degree quadrature waveguide bridge, horizontal polarization is advanced by 90 degrees compared with vertical polarization, and left-hand circularly polarized waves are formed after entering a circular waveguide; the TE10 mode input by the second rectangular waveguide port 7 is divided into two paths of TE10 modes with equal amplitude and same phase through the H-plane equal-amplitude in-phase power divider 2, the TE10 modes enter the E-plane 90-degree orthogonal waveguide bridge 1 and the other two same-side input ports of the E-plane 90-degree orthogonal waveguide bridge 2 respectively, the TE10 modes are converted into two paths of equal-amplitude signals with the phase difference of 90 degrees through the E-plane 90-degree orthogonal waveguide bridge, the horizontal polarization is delayed by 90 degrees compared with the vertical polarization, and right-hand circularly polarized waves are formed after entering the circular waveguide.

The above list of detailed descriptions is only specific to practical embodiments of the present utility model, and they are not intended to limit the scope of the present utility model, and all equivalent embodiments or modifications that do not depart from the spirit of the present utility model should be included in the scope of the present utility model.

It will be evident to those skilled in the art that the utility model is not limited to the details of the foregoing illustrative embodiments, and that the present utility model may be embodied in other specific forms without departing from the spirit or essential characteristics thereof. The present embodiments are, therefore, to be considered in all respects as illustrative and not restrictive, the scope of the utility model being indicated by the appended claims rather than by the foregoing description, and all changes which come within the meaning and range of equivalency of the claims are therefore intended to be embraced therein. Any reference sign in a claim should not be construed as limiting the claim concerned.

Furthermore, it should be understood that although the present disclosure describes embodiments, not every embodiment is provided with a separate embodiment, and that this description is provided for clarity only, and that the disclosure is not limited to the embodiments described in detail below, and that the embodiments described in the examples may be combined as appropriate to form other embodiments that will be apparent to those skilled in the art.

Claims

1. The novel waveguide circular polarizer for frequency division is characterized by comprising a frequency demultiplexer (1), an E-plane 90-degree orthogonal waveguide bridge (2), an H-plane power divider (3) and a connecting waveguide (8);

the H-plane power divider (3) is used for dividing a signal which enters through the first rectangular waveguide port (6) or the second rectangular waveguide port (7) into two paths in a constant-amplitude and same-phase manner, and the signals enter into the in-phase ends of two E-plane 90-degree quadrature waveguide bridges respectively;

the E-plane 90-degree orthogonal waveguide bridge (2) is used for carrying out 90-degree phase shifting on two orthogonal modes to generate a +/-90-degree phase difference;

the frequency demultiplexer (1) is connected with the E-plane 90-degree orthogonal waveguide bridge (2) through a connecting waveguide (8), and the frequency demultiplexer (1) is used for circularly polarizing and synthesizing two orthogonal modes of the orthogonal waveguide bridge (2) and outputting the two orthogonal modes through a circular waveguide output port (4) on the orthogonal waveguide bridge.

2. The novel waveguide circular polarizer for frequency division according to claim 1, characterized in that the frequency demultiplexer (1) further comprises a matching circle (11), 4 rectangular waveguide ends (13) and 4 rectangular waveguide ports (14); the 4 rectangular waveguide ends (13) are distributed in a cross shape and are connected through matching circles (11) concentric with the circular waveguide output port (4); the end parts of the 4 rectangular waveguide ends (13) are 4 rectangular waveguide ports (14), and the 4 rectangular waveguide ports (14) are integrally connected with the connecting waveguide (8).

3. The novel waveguide circular polarizer for frequency division according to claim 1, characterized in that the frequency demultiplexer (1) further comprises a step (12), the step (12) being arranged on a rectangular waveguide end (13), the step (12) and the matching circle (11) being used for impedance matching with a connecting waveguide (8).

4. The novel waveguide circular polarizer for frequency division according to claim 1, wherein the E-plane 90 ° quadrature waveguide bridge (2) is connected to two rectangular waveguide ports adjacent to the connecting waveguide (8), and the two output ports have equal amplitudes and a phase difference of 90 °.

5. The novel waveguide circular polarizer for frequency division according to claim 1, wherein the two shunt ports of the H-plane power divider (3) are in-phase with equal amplitude, and comprise a T-shaped head (32) and a corner (31), and the corner (31) is connected with an E-plane 90 ° quadrature waveguide bridge (2).

6. The novel waveguide circular polarizer for frequency division according to claim 1, characterized in that the circular waveguide output port (4) is used for transmitting high frequency and low frequency signals.

7. The novel waveguide circular polarizer for frequency division according to claim 1, wherein two opposite rectangular waveguide ports (14) on the frequency divider (1) transmit the same mode, namely horizontal polarization and vertical polarization, respectively, the two modes are orthogonal modes, have the same amplitude and are different by 90 degrees, and the two modes are synthesized into circular polarized waves after entering the circular waveguide of the frequency divider.

8. The novel waveguide circular polarizer for frequency division according to claim 1, characterized in that the E-plane 90 ° orthogonal waveguide bridge (2) comprises four ports: the E-plane 90-degree orthogonal waveguide bridge (2) is structurally symmetrical about a center point, electromagnetic waves entering from the input port (21) are output at equal amplitude at the straight port (23) and the coupling port (24), and the phases are different by 90 degrees.

9. The novel waveguide circular polarizer for frequency division according to any one of claims 1 to 8, wherein the first rectangular waveguide port (6), the second rectangular waveguide port (7), one circular waveguide output port (4) and one circular waveguide short-circuit port (5) are external ports; the circular waveguide short-circuit port (5) is used for being connected with a low-frequency signal path and short-circuiting high frequencies.