CN219512818U - Laminated acoustic metamaterial sound insulation and noise reduction structure, noise reduction unit and electric appliance - Google Patents
Laminated acoustic metamaterial sound insulation and noise reduction structure, noise reduction unit and electric appliance Download PDFInfo
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- CN219512818U CN219512818U CN202223318388.9U CN202223318388U CN219512818U CN 219512818 U CN219512818 U CN 219512818U CN 202223318388 U CN202223318388 U CN 202223318388U CN 219512818 U CN219512818 U CN 219512818U
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Abstract
The utility model relates to the technical field of sound insulation and noise reduction, in particular to a laminated acoustic metamaterial sound insulation and noise reduction structure, a noise reduction unit and an electric appliance. A laminated acoustic metamaterial sound insulation and noise reduction structure comprising: a support frame and a sound insulation plate; the sound insulation plate comprises an incidence end plate and an outlet end plate, the incidence end plate is arranged at the first end of the support frame, the outlet end plate is arranged at the second end of the support frame, a set distance is reserved between the incidence end plate and the outlet end plate, the incidence end plate and the outlet end plate form a cavity with the support frame, and no mass block is arranged on the incidence end plate and the outlet end plate. The sound insulation and noise reduction structure reduces low-frequency noise pollution, improves the sound insulation quantity, and solves the problems of ageing, breakage, mass block falling and the like of the film.
Description
Technical Field
The utility model relates to the technical field of sound insulation and noise reduction, in particular to a laminated acoustic metamaterial sound insulation and noise reduction structure, a noise reduction unit and an electric appliance.
Background
The disclosure of this background section is only intended to increase the understanding of the general background of the utility model and is not necessarily to be construed as an admission or any form of suggestion that this information forms the prior art already known to those of ordinary skill in the art.
The main problem of low-frequency noise pollution control is derived from the long wavelength of low-frequency sound waves and the slow attenuation speed of the sound waves. According to the mass law, due to the characteristic of low-frequency noise sound wavelength and difficult attenuation, a certain noise reduction effect can be obtained by using a thicker porous sound absorption material or a sound insulation material during low-frequency sound insulation, so that the effect of the conventional material on low-frequency noise control is not obvious. Traditional noise reduction techniques often require weight and volume to be sacrificed to improve the low frequency noise processing effect, such as series micro-perforated plate structures, require longer cavities, and achieve the low frequency noise reduction effect on the basis of sacrificing a larger space volume.
At present, the occurrence of the acoustic metamaterial breaks the limitation of the traditional law of mass, the problem of control of low-frequency noise in a specific frequency band can be realized by lighter mass and smaller volume thickness, but the problem of narrower sound insulation peak frequency bandwidth generally exists in the existing acoustic metamaterial. The existing metamaterial sound insulation and noise reduction structure is generally a single-layer metamaterial, wherein the working principle of the film type acoustic metamaterial is to make use of anti-resonance response characteristics in a frequency response curve of a film metamaterial unit structure, so that a specific frequency band near the anti-resonance frequency has a good sound insulation effect.
But the rigidity of the film is smaller, so that a certain tension force needs to be applied on the film, the tension force is added by adding the mass block in practical application, and the film and the mass block are adhered in a blocking manner, so that failure phenomena such as film aging, breakage, falling off of the mass block on the film and the like are easy to occur, and the application prospect of practical engineering is greatly limited.
Disclosure of Invention
Aiming at the defects existing in the prior art, the embodiment of the utility model aims to provide a laminated acoustic metamaterial sound insulation and noise reduction structure so as to reduce low-frequency noise pollution, improve the sound insulation amount and solve the problems of film aging, breakage, mass block falling and the like.
In order to achieve the above object, the embodiment of the present utility model provides the following technical solutions:
a laminated acoustic metamaterial sound insulating and noise reducing structure comprising: a support frame and a sound insulation plate; the sound insulation plate comprises an incidence end plate and an outlet end plate, the incidence end plate is arranged at the first end of the support frame, the outlet end plate is arranged at the second end of the support frame, a set distance is reserved between the incidence end plate and the outlet end plate, the incidence end plate and the outlet end plate form a cavity with the support frame, and no mass block is arranged on the incidence end plate and the outlet end plate.
In another preferred embodiment of the present utility model, the thickness of the entrance end plate member and the exit end plate member is 0.01mm to 0.5mm.
In another preferred embodiment of the present utility model, the support frame includes a support cylinder and support rings at both ends of the support cylinder, the support rings include a first support ring and a second support ring, the incident end plate is disposed between the first support ring and the support cylinder, and the exit end plate is disposed between the second support ring and the support cylinder.
In another preferred embodiment of the utility model, the support ring, the sound insulation plate and the support cylinder are bonded together or connected by screws.
In another preferred embodiment of the present utility model, the sound insulation plate member is a regular shape or an irregular shape.
In another preferred embodiment of the present utility model, the sound insulation plate is circular or rectangular.
In another preferred embodiment of the present utility model, the support ring is made of metal.
In another preferred embodiment of the present utility model, the support cylinder is made of PVC.
The embodiment of the utility model also provides a laminated acoustic metamaterial sound insulation and noise reduction unit which comprises a plurality of laminated acoustic metamaterial sound insulation and noise reduction structures, wherein the plurality of sound insulation and noise reduction structures are used for sound insulation of different frequency bands.
The embodiment of the utility model also provides an electric appliance, which comprises the laminated acoustic metamaterial sound insulation and noise reduction structure or the laminated acoustic metamaterial sound insulation and noise reduction unit.
One or more technical solutions provided in the embodiments of the present utility model at least have the following technical effects or advantages:
1. according to the sound insulation and noise reduction structure, broadband sound insulation is realized by coupling two layers of thin plate meta-materials through one cavity, and simulation results and experiments show that the design of the laminated acoustic meta-material can realize low-frequency sound insulation, and can achieve good sound insulation effect of more than 10 decibels (dBA) in a certain frequency bandwidth, so that low-frequency noise pollution is reduced, and the sound insulation amount is improved.
2. According to the sound insulation and noise reduction structure, the supporting frame and the sound insulation plate are matched, so that the ageing and damage of the thin film are avoided, the durability problem of the existing sound insulation and noise reduction structure in industrial application is effectively solved, a mass block is not required to be arranged, the failure phenomena such as mass block falling and the like are avoided, and the service life is prolonged.
3. The sound insulation and noise reduction structure has obvious sound insulation effect, the maximum sound insulation amount at specific frequency exceeds 20dB, and the 10dB sound insulation frequency band width exceeds 200Hz.
4. The sound insulation and noise reduction structure adopts a laminated plate composite mode, so that the metamaterial can pass through the antiresonance of two layers of thin plates, and the bandwidth of low-frequency noise reduction is widened. By adopting the lightweight design method based on the anti-resonance concept, the thin plate still maintains good low-frequency noise reduction effect under the light weight, and effectively overcomes the limitation of the traditional mass density law.
5. The laminated sheet acoustic metamaterial provided by the utility model can realize the suppression of different noise frequency bands by adjusting parameters such as sheet parameters, structural dimensions and the like, so as to meet the characteristics of different noise source frequency spectrums, and can be applied to application scenes such as refrigerators, elevators, vehicles, rail transit and the like.
Additional aspects of the utility model will be set forth in the description which follows, and in part will be obvious from the description, or may be learned by practice of the utility model.
In order to make the above objects, features and advantages of the present utility model more comprehensible, preferred embodiments accompanied with figures are described in detail below.
Drawings
The accompanying drawings, which are included to provide a further understanding of the utility model and are incorporated in and constitute a part of this specification, illustrate embodiments of the utility model and together with the description serve to explain the utility model.
FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of a laminated acoustic metamaterial sound-insulating and noise-reducing structure provided by an embodiment of the utility model;
fig. 2 is a schematic diagram of low-frequency sound insulation amount obtained by finite element software simulation of the sound insulation and noise reduction structure provided by the embodiment of the utility model;
FIG. 3 is a schematic diagram of a laminated acoustic metamaterial sound-insulating and noise-reducing unit provided by an embodiment of the utility model;
fig. 4 is a schematic diagram of a sound insulation simulation result obtained by measuring finite element simulation software of a laminated acoustic metamaterial sound insulation and reduction unit according to an embodiment of the present utility model;
in the figure: 1. an incident end plate member; 2. an outlet end plate member; 3. a first support ring; 4. a support cylinder; 5. a second support ring;
the mutual spacing or dimensions are exaggerated for the purpose of showing the positions of the various parts, and the schematic illustrations are used for illustration only.
Detailed Description
It should be noted that the following detailed description is illustrative and is intended to provide further explanation of the utility model. Unless defined otherwise, all technical and scientific terms used herein have the same meaning as commonly understood by one of ordinary skill in the art to which this utility model belongs.
Term interpretation section: the terms "mounted," "connected," "secured," and the like in the present utility model are to be construed broadly, and may be, for example, fixedly connected, detachably connected, or integrally formed; the terms "mechanically coupled" and "directly coupled" may be used interchangeably to refer to either a mechanical coupling, an indirect coupling via an intermediary, an internal coupling of two elements, or an interaction of two elements, as would be understood by one of ordinary skill in the art, and the terms are to be understood in the specific sense of the present utility model as appropriate.
The existing metamaterial sound insulation and noise reduction structure is generally made of a single-layer metamaterial, and a mass block is often required to be adhered to the sound insulation material so as to achieve a low-frequency sound insulation effect. However, in practical engineering application, the metamaterial structure with the additional mass block is easy to fail, and the sound insulation effect cannot be effectively exerted. Moreover, the film acoustic metamaterial is easy to cause failure phenomena such as film aging, damage, falling of a mass block on the film and the like, and has very limited practical engineering application prospect.
Based on this, in an embodiment of the present utility model, a laminated acoustic metamaterial sound insulation and noise reduction structure is described, as shown in fig. 1, including: a support frame and a sound insulation plate; the sound insulation plate comprises an incidence end plate 1 and an outlet end plate 2, wherein the incidence end plate 1 is arranged at the first end of the support frame, the outlet end plate 2 is arranged at the second end of the support frame, a set distance is reserved between the incidence end plate 1 and the outlet end plate 2, a cavity is formed by surrounding the incidence end plate 1 and the outlet end plate 2 with the support frame, no mass block is arranged on the incidence end plate 1 and the outlet end plate 2, the incidence end plate 1 and the outlet end plate 2 are acoustic metamaterial thin plates, and the thickness is between 0.01mm and 0.5mm according to the requirement of a sound insulation frequency band.
The embodiment combines the sound insulation concept of the cavity structure of the structural acoustic panel and the acoustic metamaterial design, and realizes a key technical breakthrough of the metamaterial from the academic level to the actual industrial application. By coupling two layers of thin plate metamaterials through a cavity, the simulation result and experiment show that the laminated acoustic metamaterials can realize low-frequency sound insulation and can achieve good sound insulation effect of more than 10 decibels (dBA) in a certain frequency bandwidth, so that low-frequency noise pollution is reduced, and sound insulation quantity is improved.
Moreover, the Young's modulus of the film of the common polypropylene material is 1.6GPa, and the Young's modulus of the thin plate material is 3GPa, and the rigidity difference between the two materials is larger. The rigidity of the film is smaller than that of the thin plate, so that the film needs to rely on additional tension, and the thin plate can recover the deformation of the thin plate by relying on the rigidity of the thin plate, and the sound insulation in a specific frequency band can be realized by relying on the elastic force of the material without increasing the tension applied by the mass block. The supporting frame and the sound insulation plate are matched to avoid ageing and damage of the film, so that the problem of durability of the existing sound insulation and noise reduction structure in industrial application is effectively solved, a mass block is not required to be arranged, failure phenomena such as falling of the mass block are avoided, the service life is prolonged, and the sound insulation and noise reduction structure can be applied to application scenes such as refrigerators, elevators, vehicles and rail transit.
As shown in fig. 1, the support frame comprises a support cylinder 4 and support rings at two ends of the support cylinder 4, the support rings comprise a first support ring 3 and a second support ring 5, the incident end plate member 1 is arranged between the first support ring 3 and the support cylinder 4, and the exit end plate member 2 is arranged between the second support ring 5 and the support cylinder 4. The supporting ring is made of metal materials, such as aluminum, steel and the like, and is used for supporting the sheet material and realizing the clamped boundary condition of the sheet. The support cylinder is made of PVC material and is used for adhering laminated sheets together to ensure the cavity gap of the laminated sheet materials. The support ring, the sound insulation plate and the support cylinder 4 are bonded together or connected through screws. The sound insulation plate is in a regular shape or an irregular shape, and can be particularly round or rectangular, and in the embodiment, the round sound insulation plate is adopted.
Since the lower the noise frequency is, the longer the sound wave wavelength is, the smaller the attenuation speed is, and the damage is larger, the low-frequency noise is selected as a design control object of the laminated sheet metamaterial. The apparatus used for the laminate sheet metamaterial test of this example was an impedance tube or an acoustic laboratory for acoustic material testing. The preparation method of the laminated acoustic metamaterial sound insulation and noise reduction structure comprises the following steps:
step 1, determining a frequency band range needing effective noise reduction according to the noise reduction requirement of actual engineering application and according to the actual measurement frequency spectrum of low-frequency noise and the sound pressure level result;
and 2, designing the material composition and the combination mode of the laminated acoustic metamaterial according to the frequency band to be controlled, namely designing a laminated acoustic metamaterial sample according to experimental conditions, and determining the material composition of each part of the laminated acoustic metamaterial. Determining the size of the laminated acoustic metamaterial by means of a sample of the acoustic metamaterial;
step 3, calculating the low-frequency resonance frequency, the sound insulation peak frequency and the bandwidth of the first layer of acoustic metamaterial by using a thin plate vibration response analysis method; calculating the low-frequency resonance frequency, the sound insulation peak frequency and the bandwidth of the second layer of acoustic metamaterial;
step 4, combining frequency response curves of the first layer of acoustic metamaterial and the second layer of acoustic metamaterial, determining complementarity of sound insulation peaks of the two layers of acoustic metamaterial, bonding the two layers of acoustic metamaterial and forming a laminated acoustic metamaterial component with a cavity, and estimating sound insulation performance of the laminated acoustic metamaterial;
step 5, performing experimental measurement of the laminated acoustic metamaterial by using a standing wave tube; according to the transfer function described in the international standard ISO10534-2 of acoustic material test, the acoustic quantity test analysis is carried out in the impedance tube, and the result is shown in figure 2, the laminated acoustic metamaterial sound insulation and noise reduction structure of the embodiment can be seen to have a larger sound insulation quantity bandwidth between 450Hz and 1500Hz, the sound insulation quantity exceeds 10dB, meanwhile, two sound insulation peaks exist in the range of 150Hz-300Hz, and the maximum sound insulation quantity value is close to 20dB.
And 6, optimizing each material parameter of the metamaterial according to the measurement result, and realizing the maximum sound insulation effect in a specific frequency range.
And 7, summarizing the influence of metamaterial parameters on the laminated metamaterial structure through experimental results, regulating and controlling the sound insulation frequency range of the laminated sheet according to different thicknesses of the sheet and different gaps between cavities, combining sound insulation effects of the laminated sheet in different frequency ranges to form a laminated acoustic metamaterial sound insulation noise reduction unit shown in fig. 3, combining a plurality of sound insulation noise reduction structures for different frequency ranges, and finding out the combined sound insulation noise reduction unit according to simulation results of fig. 4, wherein the sound insulation amount still exceeds 10dB after 500Hz, still realizing excellent sound insulation in a low frequency range, and simultaneously taking an important step for practical engineering application.
The structure not only can realize larger sound insulation quantity near low frequency, but also is lighter in weight and size than other sound insulation and absorption materials. The noise reduction structure with excellent performance is provided for low-frequency noise control in the future. Compared with the existing sheet sound insulation material, the thickness and the quality of the structure are obviously reduced, the technical bottleneck of low-frequency noise reduction is effectively broken through, the low-frequency noise reduction is realized by using the lightweight composite laminated acoustic metamaterial structure, the sound insulation effect is obvious, the maximum sound insulation amount at specific frequency exceeds 20dB, and the 10dB sound insulation frequency band width exceeds 200Hz.
Based on the sound insulation and noise reduction structure or the noise reduction unit, the embodiment of the utility model also provides an electrical appliance, wherein the sound insulation and noise reduction structure or the noise reduction unit described in the embodiment is arranged in the electrical appliance, and the technical effects of the electrical appliance adopting the sound insulation and noise reduction structure or the noise reduction unit refer to the embodiment because the sound insulation and noise reduction structure or the noise reduction unit has the technical effects described above.
While the foregoing description of the embodiments of the present utility model has been presented in conjunction with the drawings, it should be understood that it is not intended to limit the scope of the utility model, but rather, it is intended to cover all modifications or variations within the scope of the utility model as defined by the claims of the present utility model.
Claims (10)
1. A laminated acoustic metamaterial sound insulation and noise reduction structure, comprising: a support frame and a sound insulation plate;
the sound insulation plate comprises an incidence end plate and an outlet end plate, the incidence end plate is arranged at the first end of the support frame, the outlet end plate is arranged at the second end of the support frame, a set distance is reserved between the incidence end plate and the outlet end plate, the incidence end plate and the outlet end plate form a cavity with the support frame, and no mass block is arranged on the incidence end plate and the outlet end plate.
2. The laminated acoustic metamaterial sound and noise reducing structure of claim 1, wherein the thickness of the entrance end plate and the exit end plate is 0.01mm to 0.5mm.
3. The laminated acoustic metamaterial sound and noise reducing structure of claim 1, wherein the support frame comprises a support cylinder and support rings at opposite ends of the support cylinder, the support rings comprise a first support ring and a second support ring, the incident end plate is disposed between the first support ring and the support cylinder, and the exit end plate is disposed between the second support ring and the support cylinder.
4. A stacked acoustic metamaterial sound and noise reducing structure as in claim 3, wherein the support ring, sound insulating plate and support cartridge are bonded together or screwed together.
5. The laminated acoustic metamaterial sound-and-noise-reducing structure of claim 1, wherein the sound-insulating panel is regular or irregular in shape.
6. The laminated acoustic metamaterial sound-and-noise-reducing structure as in claim 5, wherein the sound-insulating panel is circular or rectangular.
7. The laminated acoustic metamaterial sound and noise reducing structure as in claim 3, wherein the support ring is a metal material.
8. The laminated acoustic metamaterial sound insulation and noise reduction structure as in claim 3, wherein the support cylinder is of PVC.
9. A laminated acoustic metamaterial sound and noise reduction unit comprising a plurality of laminated acoustic metamaterial sound and noise reduction structures as claimed in any one of claims 1 to 8, wherein the plurality of sound and noise reduction structures are used for sound insulation in different frequency bands.
10. An electrical appliance comprising a laminated acoustic metamaterial sound and noise reducing structure as claimed in any one of claims 1 to 8, or comprising a laminated acoustic metamaterial sound and noise reducing unit as claimed in claim 9.
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
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| CN202223318388.9U CN219512818U (en) | 2022-12-08 | 2022-12-08 | Laminated acoustic metamaterial sound insulation and noise reduction structure, noise reduction unit and electric appliance |
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| CN202223318388.9U CN219512818U (en) | 2022-12-08 | 2022-12-08 | Laminated acoustic metamaterial sound insulation and noise reduction structure, noise reduction unit and electric appliance |
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| CN219512818U true CN219512818U (en) | 2023-08-11 |
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