CN219496565U - Detection device for capacitor implosion and spark - Google Patents
Detection device for capacitor implosion and spark Download PDFInfo
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- CN219496565U CN219496565U CN202320803797.3U CN202320803797U CN219496565U CN 219496565 U CN219496565 U CN 219496565U CN 202320803797 U CN202320803797 U CN 202320803797U CN 219496565 U CN219496565 U CN 219496565U
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
- Y02E40/00—Technologies for an efficient electrical power generation, transmission or distribution
- Y02E40/30—Reactive power compensation
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Abstract
The utility model is applicable to the field of capacitor manufacturing, and provides a device for detecting implosion and spark of a capacitor, which is used for detecting the capacitor in the aging charging process; comprising the following steps: the device comprises at least one voltage sampling unit, an AD conversion unit, a processor and a warning unit. The detection device provided by the utility model can detect the capacitor in the aging charging process, the real-time change of the charging voltage of the capacitor to be aged is monitored by sampling the voltage of the negative end of the capacitor to be detected, and the voltage drop value obtained after the sampled voltage is processed is compared with the set threshold value, so that whether the capacitor to be detected has implosion or flash fire is judged, and therefore, the capacitor with the implosion or flash fire hidden danger can be screened out, and the use safety of the subsequent capacitor is improved.
Description
Technical Field
The utility model belongs to the field of capacitor manufacturing, and particularly relates to a device for detecting implosion and spark of a capacitor.
Background
The capacitor may be exploded or flash out at random due to some production process problems in the production process, such as burrs generated in the aluminum foil during trimming, impurities contained in the electrolyte or the electrolytic paper, and the like. If the energy during implosion is large, the shell can be fried, and the personal safety is directly threatened; if the energy is smaller during implosion, the appearance deformation is not caused, even the phenomenon of foil short circuit is not generated, and the capacity, loss and electric leakage of the defective products are possibly not detected due to the normal values during the test, but the defective products can be re-exploded at any time during the charge and discharge process if the defective products are used continuously. If the electrolytic paper contains impurities, the electrolytic paper can flash suddenly when the voltage rises to a breakdown point, the electrolyte at the flashing part can be evaporated at a high temperature, then the electrolyte at the normal part is absorbed by the dry electrolytic paper to generate repeated flashing, the internal pressure of the capacitor can be increased along with the repeated flashing, and the capacitor can explode at any time after the repeated flashing.
The finished capacitor is aged and sorted before leaving the factory, and the capacitor in the aging process is charged for the first time and the aging time is long, namely, the time is different from one hour to tens of hours under a high-temperature environment, so that most of implosion and flaming products appear in the process. However, the traditional capacitor aging box and the full-automatic aging machine only carry out resistance current limiting charging on the capacitor in the aging process, and the function of detecting implosion and flashover of the capacitor is not found.
Disclosure of Invention
The technical problem to be solved by the utility model is how to detect the capacitor generating implosion and spark in the aging charging process of the capacitor.
In order to solve the technical problems, the utility model is realized in such a way that the detection device for capacitor implosion and spark is used for detecting the capacitor in the aging charging process; comprising the following steps:
the voltage sampling unit is used for being electrically connected with the capacitor to be tested in a one-to-one correspondence manner, and sampling the voltage of the negative electrode terminal of the capacitor to be tested to obtain an analog voltage signal;
the AD conversion unit is electrically connected with the at least one voltage sampling unit and is used for converting the analog voltage signals obtained by each voltage sampling unit into digital voltage signals;
the processor is electrically connected with the AD conversion unit and is used for comparing a voltage drop value obtained by processing a received digital voltage signal with a preset threshold value, determining that the corresponding capacitor to be tested is implosion or flash when the voltage drop value exceeds the preset threshold value and outputting an alarm signal;
and the warning unit is electrically connected with the processor and is used for warning the corresponding capacitor to be tested to implode or flash after receiving the warning signal.
Further, the voltage sampling unit includes: the sampling terminal CAP1 is used for accessing the negative electrode of the capacitor to be tested; a first resistor R1 having a first end electrically connected to the sampling terminal CAP1; a first end of the second resistor R2 is electrically connected with a second end of the first resistor R1, and a second end of the second resistor R2 is grounded; the output end of the voltage sampling unit is led out from a node between the first resistor R1 and the second resistor R2.
Further, the voltage sampling unit is characterized in that the voltage sampling unit further comprises: the current limiting resistor is connected in parallel with two ends of the voltage division sampling unit consisting of the first resistor R1 and the second resistor R2.
Further, the voltage sampling unit further includes: a current limiting resistor and a fuse F1; the current limiting resistor and the fuse F1 are connected in series and then integrally connected in parallel to two ends of a voltage division sampling unit consisting of the first resistor R1 and the second resistor R2.
Further, the current limiting resistor is a thermistor.
Further, the number of the AD conversion units is multiple, the analog signal input end of each AD conversion unit is electrically connected with the output end of one voltage sampling unit, and the digital signal output end of each AD conversion unit is electrically connected with the processor.
Further, the number of the AD conversion units is one; the detection device also comprises an analog switch with a plurality of sampling channels; the AD conversion unit is electrically connected with the at least one voltage sampling unit through the analog switch; the analog switch is provided with a plurality of analog signal input ends and a public analog signal output end, wherein each analog signal input end is correspondingly connected with the output end of one voltage sampling unit respectively, and the public analog signal output end is electrically connected with the AD conversion unit; the analog switch also has a plurality of address terminals for being energized by the processor with different address signals to gate between the corresponding analog signal input terminal and the common analog signal output terminal.
Further, the processor is a single-chip microcomputer or a programmable logic controller.
Further, the warning unit comprises an LCD display unit and/or a photoelectric indication unit; the photoelectric indication unit comprises an LED display matrix and a driving circuit; the LED display matrix comprises a plurality of LED lamps, and each LED lamp is used for correspondingly indicating implosion or flash of one capacitor to be tested; the driving circuit is electrically connected with the processor and is used for driving the corresponding LED lamps in the LED matrix to light under the control of the processor.
Further, the detection device further includes: and the power supply unit is electrically connected with the processor and the warning unit and is used for supplying power to the processor and the warning unit.
The detection device provided by the utility model monitors the real-time change of the charging voltage of the capacitor to be aged by sampling the voltage at the negative end of the capacitor to be detected, and the voltage drop value obtained after the sampled voltage is processed is compared with the set threshold value, so that whether the capacitor to be detected has implosion or flash fire is judged, and therefore, the capacitor with implosion hidden danger or flash fire can be screened out, and the use safety of the subsequent capacitor is improved.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a circuit block diagram of a device for detecting capacitor implosion and sparking provided by an embodiment of the present utility model;
fig. 2 is a circuit diagram of a voltage sampling unit according to an embodiment of the present utility model;
FIG. 3 is a schematic diagram of a port definition of an analog switch according to an embodiment of the present utility model;
fig. 4 is a peripheral circuit diagram of an AD conversion unit according to an embodiment of the present utility model when an analog switch is used;
fig. 5 is a circuit diagram of an alarm unit according to an embodiment of the present utility model.
Detailed Description
The present utility model will be described in further detail with reference to the drawings and examples, in order to make the objects, technical solutions and advantages of the present utility model more apparent. It should be understood that the specific embodiments described herein are for purposes of illustration only and are not intended to limit the scope of the utility model.
The capacitor can be charged in the aging process, and the detection device provided by the embodiment of the utility model is used for detecting the capacitor in the aging charging process to confirm whether the capacitor is likely to have implosion and flash. Referring to fig. 1, the detection apparatus includes at least one voltage sampling unit 1, an AD conversion unit 2, a processor 3, and a warning unit 4.
The at least one voltage sampling unit 1 is used for being electrically connected with the capacitor to be tested in a one-to-one correspondence manner, and sampling voltages at two ends of the capacitor to be tested to obtain an analog voltage signal.
The AD conversion unit 2 is electrically connected to at least one voltage sampling unit 1 for converting analog voltage signals obtained by the respective voltage sampling units into digital voltage signals. The AD conversion unit 2 may be an independent AD conversion chip, an AD acquisition circuit formed by discrete components, or an AD conversion unit built in the processor.
The processor 3 is electrically connected with the AD conversion unit 2, and is used for comparing a voltage drop value obtained by processing a received digital voltage signal with a preset threshold value, determining whether the corresponding capacitor to be tested has implosion or flash fire when the voltage drop value exceeds the preset threshold value, and outputting an alarm signal when the implosion or the flash fire occurs. The preset threshold value is a voltage value for judging whether the capacitor is implosion or not, namely whether the sampled voltage suddenly drops in the aging process or not is monitored, and whether the dropped voltage value exceeds a set threshold value or not is a standard value for judging the implosion or not. The standard value can be adjusted according to the sensitivity of detecting implosion, and the threshold value can be set lower if the sensitivity is required to be high, and can be set higher if the sensitivity is required to be low. For example, assuming that the preset threshold is 80V, if the voltage signal of the capacitor at the previous voltage sampling time is 400V and drops to 310V at the latter voltage sampling time, the voltage drop value is 90V, and the threshold value of 80V has been exceeded, it can be determined that implosion or sparking occurs.
The warning unit 4 is electrically connected with the processor 3 and is used for warning the corresponding capacitor to be tested to implode or flash after receiving the warning signal.
Further, the device also comprises a power supply unit 5 electrically connected with the processor 3, the warning unit 4 and the AD conversion unit 2 and used for supplying power to the processor 3, the warning unit 4 and the AD conversion unit 2 and supplying power to other devices in the device according to the requirement.
Each voltage sampling unit 1 corresponds to a capacitor to be measured, the specific circuit structure of the voltage sampling unit 1 is not limited, and can be flexibly designed according to the charge-discharge circuit of the capacitor, for example, as an example, the voltage can be sampled from the negative electrode voltage of the capacitor to be measured, referring to fig. 2, the voltage sampling unit 1 includes: the sampling terminal CAP1, a first resistor R1 and a second resistor R2, wherein the first resistor R1 and the second resistor R2 form a voltage division sampling unit. The specific connection relation is as follows: the sampling terminal CAP1 is used for accessing the negative electrode of the capacitor to be tested, the first end of the first resistor R1 is electrically connected with the sampling terminal CAP1, the second end of the first resistor R1 is electrically connected with the first end of the second resistor R2, and the second end of the second resistor R2 is grounded. The output end AD1 of the voltage sampling unit 1 is led out from a node between the first resistor R1 and the second resistor R2, and the voltage at two ends of the capacitor to be tested is sampled by the AD conversion unit 2 after being divided by the first resistor R1 and the second resistor R2.
Further, as shown in fig. 2, the voltage sampling unit 1 further includes a current limiting resistor PTC1 and a fuse F1, where the current limiting resistor PTC1 and the fuse F1 are connected in series and then integrally connected in parallel to two ends of the voltage division sampling unit formed by the first resistor R1 and the second resistor R2, and the current limiting resistor PTC1 functions to provide current limiting and charging functions for the capacitor to be tested, and the fuse F1 provides an overcurrent protection function for the capacitor to be tested and the circuit.
The current limiting resistor PTC1 may be a thermistor, and the fuse F1 may be replaced by another overcurrent protection component. In addition, in the application with low protection requirement, the fuse F1 may be omitted, and the current limiting resistor PTC1 is directly connected in parallel to two ends of the voltage division sampling unit composed of the first resistor R1 and the second resistor R2.
The AD conversion unit 2 functions to convert an analog voltage signal into a digital voltage signal. When the multipath capacitor needs to be sampled, the number of the AD conversion units 2 may be plural, the analog signal input end of each AD conversion unit is electrically connected to the output end of one voltage sampling unit 1, and the digital signal output end of each AD conversion unit 2 is electrically connected to the processor 3. The number of AD conversion units 2 may also be one, in which case the detection device further comprises an analog switch with multiple sampling channels, for example, the analog switch chip with model HEF4051 shown in fig. 3, although other multi-channel analog switch chips may also be used. The AD conversion unit 2 is electrically connected to the at least one voltage sampling unit 1 through the analog switch.
Referring to fig. 3 and 4, taking HEF4051 as an example, the analog switch has a plurality of analog signal input terminals and a common analog signal output terminal, where each analog signal input terminal is correspondingly connected to the output terminal AD1 of one voltage sampling unit 1, and the common analog signal output terminal is electrically connected to the AD conversion unit 2. In the analog switch shown in fig. 3 and 4, eight analog signal input terminals are denoted by X0 to X7, and the output terminals of eight voltage sampling units 1 may be connected, and a common analog signal output terminal is denoted by X.
The analog switch also has address terminals, indicated in fig. 3 and 4 by the three ports A, B, C, for being assigned different address signals by the processor 3 to gate between the corresponding analog signal input (any one of X0-X7) and the common analog signal output X. For example, processor 3 may gate between X0 and X when A, B, C is 0, respectively, gate between X1 and X when A, B, C is 0, 1, respectively, gate between X2 and X when A, B, C is 0, 1, 0, respectively, and gate between X7 and X when A, B, C is 1, respectively. So configured, the processor 3 can sample the voltages of the eight capacitors to be tested through one analog switch in turn according to a certain frequency, and can detect whether the eight capacitors to be tested have implosion or flash in each sampling period.
In fig. 3 and 4, VDD represents a power supply terminal, INH represents an enable terminal, VEE represents analog ground, and VSS represents digital ground.
The processor 3 may be a single-chip microcomputer, but is not limited to a single-chip microcomputer, and may also be other devices that can implement data acquisition analysis and control, such as a PLC (Programmable Logic Controller ). If the single chip microcomputer or the PLC is provided with an AD input port, the AD conversion unit 2 can be omitted, and the analog voltage signal of at least one voltage sampling unit 1 or the analog voltage signal output by the analog switch can be directly output to the AD input port of the single chip microcomputer or the PLC.
The warning unit 4 may comprise a display unit, such as an LCD display, for warning the capacitor of possible implosion or flash-over by means of a visual display. The warning unit 4 may also comprise a photoelectric indication unit, such as an LED lamp. The device can also comprise sound warning devices such as a buzzer, and is combined with picture warning and photoelectric warning to ensure to play a real warning effect. As an implementation manner, various designs can be further performed on the warning manner, for example, when the risk of implosion and flash is detected to be smaller, a warning manner with a lower level may be adopted, when the risk of implosion and flash is detected to be larger, a warning manner with a higher level may be adopted, for example, a lighting color of an LED, red indicates a warning with a high level, yellow indicates a warning with a lower level, and further, for example, a high-flash LED indicates a warning with a high level, a low-flash LED indicates a warning with a lower level, and so on.
As shown in FIG. 5, the photoelectric indication unit comprises an LED display matrix formed by D1-D33 and a driving circuit formed by U1-U2, wherein the LED display matrix comprises a plurality of LED lamps, and each LED lamp is used for correspondingly indicating implosion or flash of one capacitor to be tested.
The driving circuit is electrically connected with the processor 3, and when the hidden danger of implosion or flashover is detected, the corresponding LED lamps in the LED matrix are driven to light under the control of the processor 3. In addition, when the ports of the single chip microcomputer or the PLC adopted by the processor 3 are sufficiently large, the processor 3 can also directly drive the LED display matrix.
In summary, the detection device provided by the utility model can detect the capacitor in the aging charging process, the voltage at two ends of the capacitor to be detected is sampled to monitor the real-time change of the charging voltage of the capacitor to be aged, the voltage drop value obtained by processing the sampled voltage is compared with the set threshold value, so that whether the capacitor to be detected has implosion or flash fire is judged, the capacitor with implosion or flash fire hidden danger can be screened out, and the use safety of the subsequent capacitor is improved.
The foregoing description of the preferred embodiments of the utility model is not intended to be limiting, but rather is intended to cover all modifications, equivalents, and alternatives falling within the spirit and principles of the utility model.
Claims (10)
1. The device is characterized by being used for detecting the capacitor in the aging charging process; comprising the following steps:
the voltage sampling unit is used for being electrically connected with the capacitor to be tested in a one-to-one correspondence manner, and sampling the voltage of the negative electrode terminal of the capacitor to be tested to obtain an analog voltage signal;
the AD conversion unit is electrically connected with the at least one voltage sampling unit and is used for converting the analog voltage signals obtained by each voltage sampling unit into digital voltage signals;
the processor is electrically connected with the AD conversion unit and is used for comparing a voltage drop value obtained by processing a received digital voltage signal with a preset threshold value, determining that the corresponding capacitor to be tested is implosion or flash when the voltage drop value exceeds the preset threshold value and outputting an alarm signal;
and the warning unit is electrically connected with the processor and is used for warning the corresponding capacitor to be tested to implode or flash after receiving the warning signal.
2. The device for detecting capacitor implosion and sparking as claimed in claim 1, wherein said voltage sampling unit comprises:
the sampling terminal CAP1 is used for accessing the negative electrode of the capacitor to be tested;
a first resistor R1 having a first end electrically connected to the sampling terminal CAP1;
a first end of the second resistor R2 is electrically connected with a second end of the first resistor R1, and a second end of the second resistor R2 is grounded;
the output end of the voltage sampling unit is led out from a node between the first resistor R1 and the second resistor R2.
3. The device for detecting capacitor implosion and sparking as claimed in claim 2, wherein said voltage sampling unit further comprises: the current limiting resistor is connected in parallel with two ends of the voltage division sampling unit consisting of the first resistor R1 and the second resistor R2.
4. The device for detecting capacitor implosion and sparking as claimed in claim 2, wherein said voltage sampling unit further comprises: a current limiting resistor and a fuse F1;
the current limiting resistor and the fuse F1 are connected in series and then integrally connected in parallel to two ends of a voltage division sampling unit consisting of the first resistor R1 and the second resistor R2.
5. The device for detecting capacitor implosion and sparking as claimed in claim 3 or 4 wherein said current limiting resistor is a thermistor.
6. The device for detecting capacitor implosion and spark of claim 1 wherein said plurality of AD conversion units is provided, an analog signal input of each AD conversion unit being electrically connected to an output of a voltage sampling unit, a digital signal output of each AD conversion unit being electrically connected to said processor.
7. The device for detecting capacitor implosion and flare of claim 1 wherein the number of said AD conversion units is one; the detection device also comprises an analog switch with a plurality of sampling channels; the AD conversion unit is electrically connected with the at least one voltage sampling unit through the analog switch;
the analog switch is provided with a plurality of analog signal input ends and a public analog signal output end, wherein each analog signal input end is correspondingly connected with the output end of one voltage sampling unit respectively, and the public analog signal output end is electrically connected with the AD conversion unit;
the analog switch also has a plurality of address terminals for being energized by the processor with different address signals to gate between the corresponding analog signal input terminal and the common analog signal output terminal.
8. The device for detecting capacitor implosion and sparking as claimed in claim 1 wherein said processor is a single chip microcomputer or programmable logic controller.
9. The device for detecting implosion and spark of a capacitor according to claim 1, wherein said warning unit comprises an LCD display unit and/or a photoelectric indication unit; the photoelectric indication unit comprises an LED display matrix and a driving circuit;
the LED display matrix comprises a plurality of LED lamps, and each LED lamp is used for correspondingly indicating implosion or flash of one capacitor to be tested;
the driving circuit is electrically connected with the processor and is used for driving the corresponding LED lamps in the LED matrix to light under the control of the processor.
10. The device for detecting capacitor implosion and sparking as claimed in claim 1, wherein said device further comprises:
and the power supply unit is electrically connected with the processor, the warning unit and the AD conversion unit and is used for supplying power to the processor, the warning unit and the AD conversion unit.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN202320803797.3U CN219496565U (en) | 2023-04-01 | 2023-04-01 | Detection device for capacitor implosion and spark |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN202320803797.3U CN219496565U (en) | 2023-04-01 | 2023-04-01 | Detection device for capacitor implosion and spark |
Publications (1)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| CN219496565U true CN219496565U (en) | 2023-08-08 |
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Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN202320803797.3U Active CN219496565U (en) | 2023-04-01 | 2023-04-01 | Detection device for capacitor implosion and spark |
Country Status (1)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| CN (1) | CN219496565U (en) |
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2023
- 2023-04-01 CN CN202320803797.3U patent/CN219496565U/en active Active
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