CN219496017U - Impact test device for detecting strength of sheet-like workpiece - Google Patents
Impact test device for detecting strength of sheet-like workpiece Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- CN219496017U CN219496017U CN202320834256.7U CN202320834256U CN219496017U CN 219496017 U CN219496017 U CN 219496017U CN 202320834256 U CN202320834256 U CN 202320834256U CN 219496017 U CN219496017 U CN 219496017U
- Authority
- CN
- China
- Prior art keywords
- impact
- guide sleeve
- workpiece
- test device
- guide
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Active
Links
Landscapes
- Investigating Strength Of Materials By Application Of Mechanical Stress (AREA)
Abstract
The utility model belongs to the technical field of test devices, and particularly relates to an impact test device for detecting strength of a sheet workpiece. The device comprises a main frame, an impact hammer, a height adjusting component and a movable seat; the main frame comprises a top frame, a guide sleeve and two side frames; the upper end of the guide sleeve is connected with the middle part of the top frame in a penetrating way, and the lower end of the guide sleeve is suspended between the two side frames; a guide cavity which is vertically communicated is arranged in the guide sleeve, and an opening groove which vertically extends is formed in the side wall of the guide sleeve; the impact hammer is positioned in the guide cavity and can move up and down along the guide cavity, and the inner diameter of the guide cavity is matched with the outer diameter of the impact hammer; the height adjusting component is sleeved on the outer wall of the guide sleeve and can move up and down along the guide sleeve so as to adjust the impact height of the impact hammer; the movable seat is used for clamping the piece type workpiece to be tested and moving the piece type workpiece to the lower part of the guide sleeve. The utility model has simple structure and convenient use, can realize the impact accuracy and the impact height adjustability during the impact test, and ensures that the impact test is safer and more efficient.
Description
Technical Field
The utility model belongs to the technical field of test devices, and particularly relates to an impact test device for detecting strength of a sheet workpiece.
Background
At present, impact test equipment is mainly used for detecting the strength performance of a workpiece, and comprises a fixed support, an impact hammer and a control device. During detection, the workpiece to be detected is placed on the fixed seat below the impact hammer, the impact hammer freely falls onto the workpiece to be detected from a certain height, deformation, cracking or fracture and other conditions possibly occur after the workpiece to be detected is stressed, and therefore the strength of the workpiece can be reflected.
When the existing impact type test equipment is used for detecting the strength of the sheet type workpiece, the sheet type workpiece to be tested is usually required to be manufactured into a standard sample to be placed on a fixed seat, when in test, an impact hammer is lifted to a certain height, then the sample is placed on the fixed seat below the impact hammer, and then the impact hammer freely falls down to impact the sample; the height difference between the initial position of the free falling impact hammer and the sample is the impact height. However, the existing impact test apparatus has the following disadvantages:
1) The lifting height of the impact hammer is fixed, so that the impact height can be flexibly adjusted according to the detection requirement;
2) The condition that the impact hammer possibly swings or is eccentric when unhooking, so that the detection result is inaccurate;
3) When a sample is placed on a fixed seat below an impact hammer, detection personnel may be accidentally injured;
4) The sheet workpieces to be tested need to be manufactured into standard samples and then subjected to impact test, so that the strength of a large number of sheet workpieces is inconvenient to detect.
Disclosure of Invention
Aiming at the defects existing in the related art, the utility model provides an impact test device for detecting the strength of a piece workpiece, which aims at realizing the impact accuracy and the impact height adjustability during impact test and ensuring that the impact test is safer and more efficient.
The utility model provides an impact test device for detecting strength of sheet workpieces, which comprises:
the main frame comprises a top frame, a guide sleeve and two side frames which are respectively connected to two ends of the top frame and are oppositely arranged; the upper end of the guide sleeve is connected with the middle part of the top frame in a penetrating way, the lower end of the guide sleeve is suspended between the two side frames, and the lower end surface of the guide sleeve is higher than the bottom surface of the side frames; a guide cavity which is vertically communicated is arranged in the guide sleeve, and an opening groove which vertically extends is formed in the side wall of the guide sleeve;
the impact hammer is positioned in the guide cavity and can move up and down along the guide cavity; the inner diameter of the guide cavity is matched with the outer diameter of the impact hammer;
the height adjusting component is sleeved on the outer wall of the guide sleeve and can move up and down along the guide sleeve, and the height adjusting component adjusts the impact height of the impact hammer through the open slot;
the movable seat is used for clamping the piece type workpiece to be detected and is movable so as to move the piece type workpiece to be detected to the lower part of the guide sleeve.
In some embodiments, a positioning groove is concavely arranged on the side wall of the impact hammer in the circumferential direction; the height adjusting component comprises a positioning piece, a clamp and a bolt component connected to the opening of the clamp; the clamp sleeve is sleeved on the outer wall of the guide sleeve and can move up and down along the guide sleeve; the bolt component comprises a bolt and a nut; one end of the positioning piece is a connecting end, is rotationally connected to a screw rod of the bolt and is clamped in the clamp opening; the other end of the positioning piece is a positioning end which can extend into the guide cavity through the opening groove.
In some embodiments, the outer wall of the guide sleeve at one side of the opening groove is provided with scale marks which are vertically distributed so as to determine the impact height of the impact hammer.
In some of these embodiments, the movable seat comprises a base and a cover plate; the base is concavely provided with a containing groove which is used for containing a piece workpiece to be tested; the cover plate is detachably connected to the top surface of the base so as to compress and clamp the piece workpieces to be tested on the movable base.
In some embodiments, a through groove is formed below the accommodating groove, and the size of the through groove is larger than the inner diameter of the guide cavity.
In some embodiments, the depth of the receiving groove is not greater than the thickness of the sheet-like workpiece to be measured.
In some of these embodiments, the main frame further includes a reinforcing frame, both ends of the reinforcing frame are respectively connected to lower portions of the two side frames, and a middle portion of the reinforcing frame is further connected to a lower portion of the guide sleeve.
In some embodiments, the main frame further comprises a pedestal connected to the bottoms of the two side frames to support the main frame.
In some of these embodiments, the impact hammer is a family of impact hammers that match different impact weight requirements.
In some embodiments, the movable seat is a movable seat family matched with the piece workpieces to be tested with different sizes.
Based on the technical scheme, the impact test device for detecting the strength of the sheet-type workpiece in the embodiment of the utility model realizes impact accuracy through the arrangement of the guide sleeve, realizes the adjustability of the impact height through the arrangement of the height-adjusting assembly, realizes the adjustability of the impact weight through the arrangement of the impact hammer group, and ensures that the impact test of the sheet-type workpiece is safer and more efficient through the arrangement of the movable seat.
Drawings
The accompanying drawings, which are included to provide a further understanding of the utility model and are incorporated in and constitute a part of this application, illustrate embodiments of the utility model and together with the description serve to explain the utility model and do not constitute a limitation on the utility model. In the drawings:
FIG. 1 is a schematic structural view of an impact test apparatus for detecting strength of sheet-like workpieces according to the present utility model;
fig. 2 is a schematic structural view of the impact hammer of the present utility model;
FIG. 3 is a schematic view of a height adjustment assembly according to the present utility model;
fig. 4 is a schematic view of a partial structure (guide sleeve is not shown) of the height adjusting assembly of the present utility model when adjusting the impact height of the impact hammer;
fig. 5 is a schematic structural view of the movable seat of the present utility model.
In the figure: 11. a top frame; 12. a side frame; 13. a guide sleeve; 131. a guide chamber; 132. an open slot; 133. scale marks; 14. a reinforcing frame; 15. a pedestal; 20. a percussion hammer; 21. a positioning groove; 30. a movable seat; 31. a base; 32. a cover plate; 33. a receiving groove; 34. a through groove; 40. an elevation adjustment assembly; 41. a positioning piece; 42. a clamp; 43. a bolt; 44. and (3) a nut.
Detailed Description
The technical solutions in the embodiments will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the drawings in the embodiments of the present utility model. It will be apparent that the described embodiments are only some, but not all, embodiments of the utility model. All other embodiments, which can be made by those skilled in the art based on the embodiments of the utility model without making any inventive effort, are intended to be within the scope of the utility model.
In the description of the present utility model, it should be understood that the terms "center," "lateral," "vertical," "upper," "lower," "top," "bottom," "inner," "outer," "vertical," "horizontal," and the like indicate an orientation or a positional relationship based on that shown in fig. 1, merely for convenience of description and to simplify the description, and do not indicate or imply that the devices or elements referred to must have a specific orientation, be constructed and operated in a specific orientation, and thus should not be construed as limiting the utility model.
In the description of the present utility model, it should be noted that, unless explicitly specified and limited otherwise, the terms "mounted," "connected," and "connected" are to be construed broadly, and may be either fixedly connected, detachably connected, or integrally connected, for example; can be directly connected or indirectly connected through an intermediate medium, and can be communication between two elements. The specific meaning of the above terms in the present utility model will be understood in specific cases by those of ordinary skill in the art.
As shown in fig. 1 to 5, the impact test apparatus for detecting the strength of a sheet-like workpiece according to the present utility model includes a main frame, an impact hammer 20, a height adjusting unit 40, and a movable base 30.
The main frame comprises a top frame 11, a guide sleeve 13 and two side frames 12. The two side frames 12 are respectively connected to two ends of the top frame 11 and are in opposite arrangement. The upper end of the guide sleeve 13 is connected with the middle part of the top frame 11 in a penetrating way, and the lower end of the guide sleeve 13 is suspended between the two side frames 12, namely, the guide sleeve 13 is in a vertical state; the lower end surface of the guide sleeve 13 is higher than the bottom surface of the side frame 12. A guide cavity 131 which is vertically communicated is arranged in the guide sleeve 13, namely, the axial direction of the guide cavity 131 is also vertical. The side wall of the guide sleeve 13 is provided with an opening groove 132 which extends vertically.
The impact hammer 20 is positioned in the guide cavity 131 and can move up and down along the guide cavity 131, namely the impact hammer 20 can move vertically along the guide cavity 131; it will be appreciated that the tail end of the impact hammer 20 is usually provided with a connecting rope, and after the connecting rope is loosened, the impact hammer 20 freely falls down in the gravity direction, namely vertically under the action of self gravity, and the impact hammer 20 can be moved by pulling the connecting rope. The inner diameter of the guiding cavity 131 is matched with the outer diameter of the impact hammer 20, so that the guiding cavity 131 plays a guiding role on the movement of the impact hammer 20, the condition that the impact hammer 20 possibly swings or is eccentric when falling is avoided, impact accuracy in an impact test is realized, and the accuracy and reliability of a detection result are ensured. The guide sleeve 13 also plays a protective role to prevent the impact hammer 20 from possibly injuring the detection personnel when falling.
The height adjusting component 40 is sleeved on the outer wall of the guide sleeve 13 and can move up and down along the guide sleeve 13; the height adjusting assembly 40 adjusts and positions the impact height of the impact hammer 20 through the open slot 132; the impact height of the impact hammer 20 can be flexibly adjusted according to the detection requirement, and the adjustability of the impact height during impact test is realized.
The movable seat 30 is used for clamping a piece workpiece to be tested, and the movable seat 30 has mobility. When the strength of the sheet workpiece is detected, the sheet workpiece to be detected is firstly directly mounted on the movable seat 30, and then the movable seat 30 is integrally moved to move the sheet workpiece to be detected below the guide sleeve 13, namely below the impact hammer 20; through the setting of movable seat 30, avoid on the one hand that the detection personnel is direct to be placed the piece class work piece that awaits measuring and probably receive the injury when the uide bushing 13 below, make detection work safer, on the other hand need not to await measuring the piece class work piece and make the standard sample after again test, but directly test with the work piece finished product, realized the convenience and the high efficiency that the piece class work piece detected in batches in production, and detect qualified work piece and damage can continue production use.
The above-mentioned exemplary embodiment realizes the impact accuracy through the setting of uide bushing 13, and the adjustability of impact height is realized through the setting of heightening subassembly 40, makes the impact test of piece class work piece safer high-efficient through the setting of movable seat 30.
As shown in fig. 1-4, in some embodiments, positioning grooves 21 are concavely formed in the side wall of the impact hammer 20. The height adjusting assembly 40 comprises a positioning piece 41, a clamp 42 and a bolt assembly connected to the opening of the clamp 42. The clamp 42 is sleeved on the outer wall of the guide sleeve 13 and can move up and down along the guide sleeve 13. The bolt assembly includes a bolt 43 and a nut 44; it will be appreciated that the bolts 43 and nuts 44 are positioned at opposite ends of the clamp 42 outside the opening, and that tightening or loosening of the bolts 43 can be achieved between the openings of the clamp 42. One end of the positioning member 41 is a connecting end which is rotatably connected to the screw of the bolt 43 and is clamped in the opening of the clamp 42; the other end of the positioning member 41 is a positioning end, and the positioning end can extend into the guiding cavity 131 through the opening groove 132. Specifically, when the connection end of the positioning member 41 is clamped at the opening of the yoke 42 by the bolt assembly, the positioning end is inserted into the positioning groove 21 of the impact hammer 20 to position the impact height of the impact hammer 20; when the connection end of the positioning member 41 is released, the positioning end can be rotated about the screw under an external force, and it is understood that the positioning end of the positioning member 41 can be rotated to be completely located outside the guide chamber 131.
To further illustrate, when the impact height of the impact hammer 20 needs to be adjusted, the bolt assembly is loosened so that the connecting end of the positioning member 41 is not clamped and can rotate around the screw; then the impact hammer 20 is moved to the corresponding impact height, and the up-and-down movement of the impact hammer 20 is not affected because the positioning piece 41 can rotate; then, the height adjusting assembly 40 is moved until the positioning end of the positioning piece 41 can be correspondingly inserted into the positioning groove 21 of the impact hammer 20, the top surface of the positioning end of the positioning piece 41 is stably supported on the upper groove wall of the positioning groove 21 of the impact hammer 20, and at the moment, the bolt 43 is tightened so that the connecting end of the positioning piece 41 is clamped at the opening of the clamp 42, thus the positioning of the impact height of the impact hammer 20 is completed; when the impact test is started, the bolt 43 is unscrewed, and the impact hammer 20 can freely fall onto the piece workpiece to be tested under the action of gravity; thereby, the impact height of the impact hammer 20 can be adjusted and positioned conveniently and quickly.
As shown in fig. 1, in some embodiments, scale marks 133 are vertically distributed on the outer wall of the guide sleeve 13 at one side of the opening groove 132, so that the impact height of the impact hammer 20 can be more intuitively determined, and the impact height of the impact hammer 20 can be conveniently adjusted at fixed intervals during impact test.
As shown in fig. 1 and 5, in some embodiments, the movable base 30 includes a base 31 and a cover plate 32. The base 31 is concavely provided with a containing groove 33, and the containing groove 33 is used for containing a piece workpiece to be tested; the accommodating groove 33 is provided with a threaded bottom hole for fixing the piece workpieces to be tested. The cover plate 32 is detachably connected to the top surface of the base 31 through fastening bolts so as to compress and clamp the piece workpiece to be tested on the movable seat 30. It will be appreciated that the end of the piece to be inspected to be impacted is exposed outside of the cover plate 32.
In some embodiments, the depth of the accommodating groove 33 is not greater than the thickness of the workpiece to be tested, so that the workpiece to be tested can be reliably clamped on the movable seat 30.
As shown in fig. 1 and 5, in some embodiments, a through groove 34 is formed below the accommodating groove 33, and the size of the through groove 34 is larger than the inner diameter of the guiding cavity 131, that is, larger than the outer diameter of the impact hammer 20, so as to avoid interference with normal impact of the impact hammer 20 on the piece workpiece to be tested, influence the detection result, and reduce the weight of the movable seat 30.
As shown in fig. 1, in some embodiments, the main frame further includes a reinforcing frame 14, two ends of the reinforcing frame 14 are respectively connected to lower portions of the two side frames 12, and a middle portion of the reinforcing frame 14 is further connected to a lower portion of the guide sleeve 13; by the arrangement of the reinforcing frame 14, the overall structural strength of the main frame is improved, and the connection strength and stability of the guide sleeve 13 are ensured.
As shown in fig. 1, in some embodiments, the main frame further includes a pedestal 15, where the pedestal 15 is connected to the bottoms of the two side frames 12 to support the main frame, so as to improve the overall structural stability of the main frame.
In some embodiments, the impact hammers 20 are a family of impact hammers 20 that match different impact weight requirements; it will be appreciated that the inner diameters of all impact hammers 20 are uniform for the same set of impact test devices. The inspector selects the impact hammer 20 with corresponding weight according to the inspection requirement, thereby realizing the adjustability of the impact weight during the impact test.
In some embodiments, the movable seat 30 is a movable seat 30 family matching with sheet workpieces to be measured with different sizes, and the matched movable seat 30 can be selected according to the thickness, width, length and other sizes of the sheet workpieces to be measured, so as to realize the strength detection of the sheet workpieces to be measured with various sizes.
The main steps for detecting the strength of a sheet-like workpiece using the impact test apparatus of the present utility model will be briefly described below with reference to fig. 1 to 5:
1) The impact hammer 20 with corresponding weight is selected according to the detection requirement, and is placed into the guide cavity 131 from the upper part of the guide sleeve 13; positioning the percussion hammer 20 at the impact height required for detection by the height adjustment assembly 40;
2) Mounting the piece workpiece to be measured on the movable seat 30, and then moving the movable seat 30 to move the piece workpiece to be measured below the guide sleeve 13;
3) Loosening a bolt 43 in the height adjusting assembly 40, and enabling the impact hammer 20 to freely fall onto the piece workpiece to be detected to finish the strength detection of the piece workpiece to be detected;
4) Lifting the impact hammer 20 and positioning the impact height of the impact hammer 20 through the height adjusting assembly 40; removing the movable seat 30, replacing the next piece workpiece to be tested, and continuing the impact test; the method is used for realizing batch detection of the strength of the sheet workpieces by circulating and reciprocating.
In summary, the impact test device for detecting the strength of the sheet-like workpiece has the advantages of simple structure and convenient use, can realize the impact accuracy, the impact height and the impact weight adjustability during impact test, and ensures that the impact test is safer and more efficient.
Finally, it should be noted that: in the present specification, each embodiment is described in a progressive manner, and each embodiment is mainly described in a different point from other embodiments, and identical and similar parts between the embodiments are all enough to refer to each other.
The above embodiments are only for illustrating the technical solution of the present utility model and not for limiting the same; while the utility model has been described in detail with reference to the preferred embodiments, those skilled in the art will appreciate that: modifications may be made to the specific embodiments of the present utility model or equivalents may be substituted for part of the technical features thereof; without departing from the spirit of the utility model, it is intended to cover the scope of the utility model as claimed.
Claims (10)
1. An impact test device for detecting the strength of a sheet-like workpiece, comprising:
the main frame comprises a top frame, a guide sleeve and two side frames which are respectively connected to two ends of the top frame and are oppositely arranged; the upper end of the guide sleeve is connected with the middle part of the top frame in a penetrating way, the lower end of the guide sleeve is suspended between the two side frames, and the lower end surface of the guide sleeve is higher than the bottom surface of the side frames; a guide cavity which is vertically communicated is arranged in the guide sleeve, and an opening groove which vertically extends is formed in the side wall of the guide sleeve;
the impact hammer is positioned in the guide cavity and can move up and down along the guide cavity; the inner diameter of the guide cavity is matched with the outer diameter of the impact hammer;
the height adjusting component is sleeved on the outer wall of the guide sleeve and can move up and down along the guide sleeve, and the height adjusting component adjusts the impact height of the impact hammer through the open slot;
the movable seat is used for clamping the piece type workpiece to be detected and is movable so as to move the piece type workpiece to be detected to the lower part of the guide sleeve.
2. The impact test device according to claim 1, wherein a positioning groove is concavely formed on the side wall of the impact hammer in the circumferential direction; the height adjusting component comprises a positioning piece, a clamp and a bolt component connected to an opening of the clamp; the clamp sleeve is sleeved on the outer wall of the guide sleeve and can move up and down along the guide sleeve; the bolt assembly comprises a bolt and a nut; one end of the positioning piece is a connecting end, is rotationally connected to the screw rod of the bolt and is clamped in the clamp opening; the other end of the positioning piece is a positioning end which can extend into the guide cavity through the opening groove.
3. The impact test device according to claim 1 or 2, wherein the outer wall of the guide sleeve on one side of the open slot is provided with scale marks which are vertically distributed so as to determine the impact height of the impact hammer.
4. The impact test device of claim 1, wherein the movable seat comprises a base and a cover plate; the base is concavely provided with a containing groove which is used for containing a piece workpiece to be tested; the cover plate is detachably connected to the top surface of the base, so that the piece workpiece to be tested is pressed and clamped on the movable seat.
5. The impact test device according to claim 4, wherein a through groove is formed below the accommodating groove, and the size of the through groove is larger than the inner diameter of the guide cavity.
6. The impact test device of claim 4, wherein the depth of the receiving groove is not greater than the thickness of the sheet-like workpiece to be tested.
7. The impact test device according to claim 1, wherein the main frame further comprises a reinforcing frame, both ends of the reinforcing frame are respectively connected with the lower parts of the two side frames, and the middle part of the reinforcing frame is further connected with the lower part of the guide sleeve.
8. The impact testing device of claim 1, wherein the main frame further comprises a pedestal connected to the bottoms of the two side frames to support the main frame.
9. The impact test device according to claim 1, wherein the impact hammers are a family of impact hammers matching different impact weight requirements.
10. The impact test device of claim 1, wherein the movable seat is a movable seat family for matching different sizes of sheet-like workpieces to be tested.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN202320834256.7U CN219496017U (en) | 2023-04-14 | 2023-04-14 | Impact test device for detecting strength of sheet-like workpiece |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN202320834256.7U CN219496017U (en) | 2023-04-14 | 2023-04-14 | Impact test device for detecting strength of sheet-like workpiece |
Publications (1)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| CN219496017U true CN219496017U (en) | 2023-08-08 |
Family
ID=87511791
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN202320834256.7U Active CN219496017U (en) | 2023-04-14 | 2023-04-14 | Impact test device for detecting strength of sheet-like workpiece |
Country Status (1)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| CN (1) | CN219496017U (en) |
-
2023
- 2023-04-14 CN CN202320834256.7U patent/CN219496017U/en active Active
Similar Documents
| Publication | Publication Date | Title |
|---|---|---|
| CN106644772B (en) | Metal material elongation detecting and positioning device | |
| CN218003106U (en) | Consolidation apparatus for geotechnical test | |
| CN218994927U (en) | Portable point load tester | |
| CN219496017U (en) | Impact test device for detecting strength of sheet-like workpiece | |
| CN106442148B (en) | Brittleness detector for chain pin shaft | |
| CN110940593A (en) | Automatic pressure device for rubber permanent deformation test | |
| CN215413475U (en) | Key groove position degree detection device | |
| CN201438098U (en) | Calibration auxiliary device for outside micrometer | |
| CN212806821U (en) | Mounting bracket for detection and automobile part detection tool using same | |
| CN209525051U (en) | A kind of standard torque spanner calibrating installation | |
| CN208536745U (en) | A kind of cotton fiber thickness detection workbench | |
| CN113532244A (en) | Automobile clutch pressure plate detection equipment | |
| CN211527301U (en) | Concentricity detection device of seamless steel pipe | |
| CN220104662U (en) | Tension test fixture for battery | |
| CN218067003U (en) | Shock absorber connecting plate measuring table | |
| CN209802219U (en) | Be used for detecting ball socket centre of sphere height and examine utensil | |
| CN210293184U (en) | Auxiliary detection fixing device for main shaft | |
| CN217504550U (en) | Steel tape calibrating device for metering | |
| CN219656752U (en) | Non-standard workpiece hole position degree gauge | |
| CN115615807B (en) | Test system and test method suitable for safety glass | |
| CN217058595U (en) | Machine part on-line inspection bench | |
| CN220419239U (en) | Coupling flaw detection tool | |
| CN219829716U (en) | Die casting pointer height detection device | |
| CN214843789U (en) | Working dynamometer calibrating device with anti-toppling structure | |
| CN113959827A (en) | Method and device for detecting peak strength of rock test piece by measuring joint inclination angle |
Legal Events
| Date | Code | Title | Description |
|---|---|---|---|
| GR01 | Patent grant | ||
| GR01 | Patent grant |