CN219489918U - High-carbon raw material acetylene generator - Google Patents
High-carbon raw material acetylene generator Download PDFInfo
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- CN219489918U CN219489918U CN202320696452.2U CN202320696452U CN219489918U CN 219489918 U CN219489918 U CN 219489918U CN 202320696452 U CN202320696452 U CN 202320696452U CN 219489918 U CN219489918 U CN 219489918U
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Abstract
The utility model discloses a high-carbon raw material acetylene generator, which comprises a calcium carbide reaction section and an acetylene generation section; the outlet of the calcium carbide reaction section is provided with the acetylene generation section; and a calcium carbide reaction water-cooling protection assembly is arranged in the calcium carbide reaction section. The technical effects achieved are as follows: the utility model directly prepares acetylene by using high-carbon raw materials, adopts the high-carbon raw materials for combustion, gasification and heat supply, can recycle ash slag, adopts powdery raw materials, and has the advantages of short flow, low energy consumption, little pollution and low raw material requirement.
Description
Technical Field
The utility model relates to the technical field of acetylene production from high-carbon raw materials, in particular to a high-carbon raw material acetylene generator.
Background
Acetylene is an important organic chemical raw material, and is called as a mother of the organic synthesis industry, and can be used for synthesizing chemicals such as polyvinyl chloride, acrylonitrile, vinyl acetate, 1, 4-butanediol and the like. At present, acetylene is mainly produced by a coal-coke-calcium carbide-acetylene method in China, namely, firstly, coke is produced by carbonizing coal, then, lump coke and lump lime are used for exothermic heat through electric arc to react at a high temperature of more than 2000 ℃ in a fixed bed calcium carbide furnace to generate calcium carbide, and finally, the calcium carbide is used for reacting with water in a calcium carbide hydrolysis furnace to generate acetylene gas. The production of acetylene is realized in a plurality of successive working sections, the process flow is longer, and the calcium carbide belongs to the dangerous chemical and has great difficulty in intermediate transportation management; secondly, the production temperature of the calcium carbide is high, the reaction heat absorption capacity is high, the electricity consumption for producing the calcium carbide by an electric arc method is high, the theoretical electricity consumption for producing the calcium carbide with the purity of 1t being 80% is 1630 kW.h, and the electricity consumption is 3250 kW.h actually required, so that the utilization efficiency of electric energy is only about 50%, the power generation in China mainly depends on coal electricity, and the energy consumption for producing the calcium carbide is high considering that the conversion heat exchange efficiency of the coal electricity is less than 40%; thirdly, the calcium carbide slag generated by the calcium carbide furnace and the calcium carbide slag generated by the hydrolysis furnace are difficult to treat industrial waste, and the calcium carbide furnace gas discharged by the calcium carbide furnace is difficult to recycle, so that high pollution is caused; finally, the calcium carbide production needs to adopt 3-25 mm lump coke and 10-50 mm lump lime, the raw material requirement is high, the raw material cost is also high, and the reaction temperature required by the calcium carbide production reaches more than 2000 ℃ due to the large granularity of the raw material.
Disclosure of Invention
Therefore, the utility model provides a high-carbon raw material acetylene generator to solve the problems in the prior art.
In order to achieve the above object, the present utility model provides the following technical solutions:
according to a first aspect of the utility model, a high-carbon raw material acetylene generator comprises a calcium carbide reaction section and an acetylene generation section; the outlet of the calcium carbide reaction section is provided with the acetylene generation section; and a calcium carbide reaction water-cooling protection assembly is arranged in the calcium carbide reaction section.
Further, the device also comprises a premixing device and a heat recovery assembly; the inlet of the calcium carbide reaction section is connected with the outlet of the premixing device, and the side wall of the calcium carbide reaction water-cooling protection assembly is provided with a calcium carbide reaction water-cooling protection water inlet and a calcium carbide reaction water-cooling protection water outlet; the calcium carbide reaction section with be provided with between the acetylene section the heat recovery subassembly, the lateral wall of heat recovery subassembly is provided with heat recovery water inlet and heat recovery delivery port.
Further, the device also comprises a heat recovery section, wherein the inlet of the heat recovery section is connected with the outlet of the calcium carbide reaction section, and the outlet of the heat recovery section is connected with the inlet of the acetylene generation section.
Further, the device also comprises an acetylene reaction cooling water inlet, a reaction gas outlet, a slag outlet and a reaction water outlet; the side wall of the acetylene generating section is provided with the acetylene reaction cooling water inlet, the reaction gas outlet and the reaction water outlet; the bottom of the acetylene generating section is provided with the slag outlet;
the device also comprises an acetylene reaction cooling guide barrel, wherein the acetylene reaction cooling guide barrel which enables gas to enter the water bath exists in the acetylene generating section.
Further, the device also comprises a first connecting component and a second connecting component; the premixing device and the calcium carbide reaction section are connected by the first connecting component, the first connecting component is mainly used for supporting the premixing device and sealing the premixing device and the inlet of the calcium carbide reaction section, and the inner side of the sealing plate of the first connecting component is provided with refractory materials mainly used for heat insulation; the calcium carbide reaction section is connected with the heat recovery assembly through the second connecting assembly.
Further, still include cooling section and shell, the carbide reaction section sets up in the shell and with the shell separates, acetylene generating section is located in the shell and with the shell separates, the export of acetylene generating section with cooling section is adjacent.
Further, the device also comprises an acetylene reaction water inlet, an acetylene cooling water inlet, a reaction gas outlet, a slag outlet and a reaction water outlet; the acetylene reaction water inlet is arranged on the side wall of the heat recovery component, the side wall of the cooling section is provided with the acetylene cooling water inlet, the reaction gas outlet and the reaction water outlet, and the bottom of the cooling section is provided with the slag outlet.
Further, the acetylene cooling guide barrel and the acetylene reaction quenching water internal part are further included, the acetylene cooling guide barrel which enables gas to enter the water bath exists in the cooling section, and the acetylene reaction quenching water internal part is arranged at the part of the calcium carbide reaction water cooling protection component which stretches into the heat recovery component.
Further, still include third coupling assembling and fourth coupling assembling, third coupling assembling will the carbide reaction zone hang in the top of shell makes the upper end of carbide reaction zone is the stiff end and the lower extreme is the free end, the upper end of heat recovery subassembly passes through fourth coupling assembling with the shell is connected.
Further, the method comprises the following steps:
step 1, a high-carbon raw material and a lime raw material are sent into an acetylene generator through a raw material supply system, and a high-oxygen-content gas is also sent into the acetylene generator;
specifically, the dried high-carbon raw material fine powder and lime raw material fine powder are uniformly fed into a premixing device of an acetylene generator through respective high-carbon raw materials and then enter a calcium carbide reaction section; the high oxygen-containing gas is sent into a premixing device of an acetylene generator and then enters a calcium carbide reaction section;
step 2, burning, gasifying and reacting the high-carbon raw materials, the lime raw materials and the high-oxygen-content gas at the high temperature of 1600-2200 ℃ in a calcium carbide reaction section of an acetylene generator to generate calcium carbide and crude product gas;
specifically, high-carbon raw material fine powder, lime raw material fine powder and high-oxygen-content gas are dispersed and mixed in a cavity surrounded by a cooling wall of a calcium carbide reaction section, and the temperature is rapidly increased at a high temperature of 1600-2200 ℃;
the high-carbon raw material fine powder is subjected to pyrolysis and gasification reaction, and a large amount of heat is released, so that the high temperature of the calcium carbide reaction section is maintained, and the main reaction is as follows:
C+0.5O 2 ＝CO；
C+O 2 ＝CO 2 ；
C+CO 2 ＝CO；
C+H 2 O＝CO+H 2 ；
the lime raw material fine powder firstly undergoes thermal decomposition reaction, and the main reaction is as follows:
CaCO 3 ＝CaO+CO 2 ；
Ca(OH) 2 ＝CaO+H 2 O；
thereafter, the residual carbon in the gasification reaction reacts with quicklime to generate calcium carbide, and the main reactions are as follows:
CaO+3C＝CaC 2 +CO；
the calcium carbide and the unreactive ash matters brought in by the raw materials are melted at high temperature and captured by the cooling wall of the calcium carbide reaction section, and the melted calcium carbide and the melted ash are adhered and solidified on the cooling wall to form a solid ash layer on the back fire side and a liquid ash layer on the fire side, and the ash layer plays a role in heat insulation to prevent the calcium carbide reaction section from radiating a large amount of heat to the cooling wall; introducing cooling medium into the cooling wall and discharging the cooling medium so as to maintain the cooling wall at a lower working temperature;
step 3, the molten calcium carbide, the molten ash and the high-temperature product gas flow downwards into a heat recovery section of the acetylene generator for heat recovery, and the temperature of an outlet of the heat recovery section is higher than the saturation temperature of a cooling medium at an inlet of the heat recovery section;
step 4, the calcium carbide, the melting furnace ash and the product gas after heat recovery enter an acetylene generating section of an acetylene generator after heat recovery, are chilled by quenching water, are further cooled and react to generate acetylene;
specifically, the molten calcium carbide, molten ash and product gas flowing into the acetylene generating section are contacted with quenching water, one part of quenching water absorbs heat through evaporation to reduce the temperature of the product gas and the molten ash, the molten ash is solidified into slag, and the other part of quenching water reacts with the calcium carbide to generate acetylene, wherein the main reaction is as follows:
CaC 2 +2H 2 O＝Ca(OH) 2 +C 2 H 2 。
further, after performing step 2, the following steps are also performed:
step 2.1, the molten calcium carbide, the molten ash and the high-temperature product gas firstly flow downwards into an acetylene generating section of an acetylene generator; the temperature of the molten calcium carbide, the molten ash and the high-temperature product gas is gradually reduced from 1600-2200 ℃ to 600-1000 ℃, and the heat exchange medium in the heat recovery section absorbs heat.
The utility model has the following advantages:
1. the method has the advantages that the high-carbon raw material is used as the raw material to produce acetylene in one reactor, compared with the traditional process of producing coke by coal coking and producing calcium carbide by using a coke arc method to produce acetylene by hydrolyzing calcium carbide, the method greatly shortens the process flow, does not involve the storage and transportation of dangerous chemicals such as calcium carbide and the like, and reduces the difficulty of production management;
2. the high-carbon raw material combustion and gasification heat release are adopted to provide heat for the calcium carbide reaction, compared with the traditional electric arc method calcium carbide reaction, the heat energy utilization efficiency is more than 80%, the energy loss of nearly 60% in the coal-electricity conversion process is avoided, the energy utilization is more reasonable, the calcium carbide reaction temperature can be reduced to below 2000 ℃, and the energy consumption is lower than that of the electric arc method calcium carbide reaction;
3. residual carbon and residual lime in the ash slag can be recycled as raw materials, solid waste which is difficult to treat such as calcium carbide slag, carbide slag and the like does not exist, and the crude product gas mainly contains carbon monoxide gas after acetylene is separated can be used subsequently, so that pollution emission is low;
4. the raw materials can be high-carbon raw material powder and lime powder, wherein the lime powder can be CaO and CaCO 3 And Ca (OH) 2 And the like, the sources of raw materials are wide, the raw material requirements are low, and the raw material cost is low;
5. the method can be used for a near normal pressure process and a pressurizing process, the gas pressure of the produced acetylene product can reach 5barg, and the acetylene product can be directly used for producing ethylene through hydrogenation without compression;
6. the reaction in the acetylene generator is the reaction between the powder materials, the reaction rate is high, the improvement of single furnace output is facilitated, and compared with the traditional arc method calcium carbide furnace adopting the blocky materials in the fixed bed, the utility model can realize single series large-scale production.
Drawings
In order to more clearly illustrate the embodiments of the present utility model or the technical solutions in the prior art, the drawings used in the description of the embodiments or the prior art will be briefly described below. It will be apparent to those of ordinary skill in the art that the drawings in the following description are exemplary only and that other implementations can be obtained from the extensions of the drawings provided without inventive effort.
The structures, proportions, sizes, etc. shown in the present specification are shown only for the purposes of illustration and description, and are not intended to limit the scope of the utility model, which is defined by the claims, so that any structural modifications, changes in proportions, or adjustments of sizes, which do not affect the efficacy or the achievement of the present utility model, should fall within the ambit of the technical disclosure.
Fig. 1 is a structural diagram of a high carbon raw material acetylene generator provided in embodiment 1 of the present utility model.
Fig. 2 is a structural diagram of a high carbon raw material acetylene generator provided in embodiment 2 of the present utility model.
In the figure: 1. a premixing device, 2, a calcium carbide reaction section, 3, a heat recovery section, 4, and an acetylene generation section; 5. cooling section
100. A housing;
201. the water-cooling protection component for the calcium carbide reaction,
21. the first connecting component 22, the third connecting component 211, the calcium carbide reaction water-cooling protection water inlet 212 and the calcium carbide reaction water-cooling protection water outlet,
301. the heat recovery assembly is used for recovering heat from the heat recovery device,
31. a second connecting component 311, a heat recovery water inlet 312, a heat recovery water outlet 313 and an acetylene reaction water inlet,
32. a fourth connection assembly, which is provided with a third connecting assembly,
401. the acetylene reaction cools the guide barrel,
41. an acetylene reaction quenching water internal part 411, an acetylene reaction cooling water inlet 412, a reaction gas outlet 413, a slag outlet 414, a reaction water outlet,
501. acetylene cooling guide barrel 511, acetylene cooling water inlet.
Detailed Description
Other advantages and advantages of the present utility model will become apparent to those skilled in the art from the following detailed description, which, by way of illustration, is to be read in connection with certain specific embodiments, but not all embodiments. All other embodiments, which can be made by those skilled in the art based on the embodiments of the utility model without making any inventive effort, are intended to be within the scope of the utility model.
Example 1
As shown in fig. 1, an embodiment of the first aspect of the present utility model is a high-carbon raw material acetylene generator, which comprises a premixing device 1, a calcium carbide reaction section 2, a heat recovery component 301 and an acetylene generating section 4; the inlet of the calcium carbide reaction section 2 is connected with the outlet of the premixing device 1, and the outlet of the calcium carbide reaction section 2 is provided with an acetylene generating section 4; a calcium carbide reaction water-cooling protection assembly 201 is arranged in the calcium carbide reaction section 2, and a calcium carbide reaction water-cooling protection water inlet 211 and a calcium carbide reaction water-cooling protection water outlet 212 are arranged on the side wall of the calcium carbide reaction water-cooling protection assembly 201; a heat recovery assembly 301 is arranged between the calcium carbide reaction section 2 and the acetylene generation section 4, and a heat recovery water inlet 311 and a heat recovery water outlet 312 are arranged on the side wall of the heat recovery assembly 301.
Further, the device also comprises a heat recovery section 3, wherein the inlet of the heat recovery section 3 is connected with the outlet of the calcium carbide reaction section 2, and the outlet of the heat recovery section 3 is connected with the inlet of the acetylene generation section 4.
Further, the device also comprises an acetylene reaction cooling water inlet 411, a reaction gas outlet 412, a slag outlet 413 and a reaction water outlet 414; the side wall of the acetylene generating section 4 is provided with an acetylene reaction cooling water inlet 411, a reaction gas outlet 412 and a reaction water outlet 414; the bottom of the acetylene generating section 4 is provided with a slag outlet 413; also comprises an acetylene reaction cooling guide barrel 401, and the acetylene reaction cooling guide barrel 401 which enables gas to enter the water bath exists in the acetylene generating section 4.
Further, the first connecting component 21 and the second connecting component 31 are also included; the premixing device 1 and the calcium carbide reaction section 2 are connected by a first connecting component 21, the first connecting component 21 is mainly used for supporting the premixing device 1 and sealing inlets of the premixing device 1 and the calcium carbide reaction section 2, and a refractory material is arranged on the inner side of a sealing plate of the first connecting component 21 and is mainly used for heat insulation; the calcium carbide reaction section 2 is connected with the heat recovery assembly 301 through the second connecting assembly 31.
The first connecting component 21 fixes the premixing device 1 at the top of the calcium carbide reaction section 2 and plays a role in isolation and sealing, the second connecting component 31 is composed of a supporting device and a steel plate, the upper end steel plate is connected with the shell 100, the lower end steel plate is connected with the calcium carbide reaction section 2, the lower section is connected with the heat recovery section 3, the supporting device is arranged on the outer side of the calcium carbide reaction section 2 and the heat recovery section 3 in a steel plate sealing manner, and the supporting device enables stress at the connecting part of the calcium carbide reaction section 2 and the heat recovery section 3 to be absent, so that safe long-period operation of the acetylene reactor is ensured.
Further, the method comprises the following steps:
step 1, a high-carbon raw material and a lime raw material are sent into an acetylene generator through a raw material supply system, and a high-oxygen-content gas is also sent into the acetylene generator;
specifically, the dried high-carbon raw material fine powder and lime raw material fine powder are uniformly fed into a premixing device 1 of an acetylene generator through respective high-carbon raw materials and then enter a calcium carbide reaction section 2; the high oxygen-containing gas is sent into a premixing device 1 of an acetylene generator and then enters a calcium carbide reaction section 2;
step 2, burning, gasifying and reacting the high-carbon raw materials, the lime raw materials and the high-oxygen-content gas at the high temperature of 21600-2200 ℃ in a calcium carbide reaction section of an acetylene generator to generate calcium carbide and crude product gas;
specifically, high-carbon raw material fine powder, lime raw material fine powder and high-oxygen-content gas are dispersed and mixed in a cavity surrounded by a cooling wall of the calcium carbide reaction section 2, and the temperature is rapidly increased at a high temperature of 1600-2200 ℃;
the high-carbon raw material fine powder is subjected to pyrolysis and gasification reaction, and a large amount of heat is released, so that the high temperature of the calcium carbide reaction section 2 is maintained, and the main reaction is as follows:
C+0.5O 2 ＝CO；
C+O 2 ＝CO 2 ；
C+CO 2 ＝CO；
C+H 2 O＝CO+H 2 ；
the lime raw material fine powder firstly undergoes thermal decomposition reaction, and the main reaction is as follows:
CaCO 3 ＝CaO+CO 2 ；
CaOH 2 ＝CaO+H 2 O；
thereafter, the residual carbon in the gasification reaction reacts with quicklime to generate calcium carbide, and the main reactions are as follows:
CaO+3C＝CaC 2 +CO；
the calcium carbide and the unreactive ash matters brought in by the raw materials are melted at high temperature and captured by the cooling wall of the calcium carbide reaction section 2, and the melted calcium carbide and the melted ash are adhered and solidified on the cooling wall to form a solid ash layer on the back fire side and a liquid ash layer on the fire side, and the ash layer plays a role of heat insulation to prevent the calcium carbide reaction section 2 from radiating a large amount of heat to the cooling wall; introducing cooling medium into the cooling wall and discharging the cooling medium so as to maintain the cooling wall at a lower working temperature;
step 3, the molten calcium carbide, the molten ash and the high-temperature product gas flow downwards into a heat recovery section 3 of the acetylene generator for heat recovery, and the temperature of an outlet of the heat recovery section 3 is higher than the saturation temperature of a cooling medium at an inlet of the heat recovery section 3;
step 4, the calcium carbide, the melting furnace ash and the product gas after heat recovery enter an acetylene generating section 4 of an acetylene generator after heat recovery, are chilled by quenching water, are further cooled and react to generate acetylene;
specifically, the molten calcium carbide, molten ash and product gas flowing into the acetylene generating section 4 are contacted with quenching water, one part of quenching water absorbs heat through evaporation to reduce the temperature of the product gas and the molten ash, the molten ash is solidified into slag, and the other part of quenching water reacts with the calcium carbide to generate acetylene, wherein the main reaction is as follows:
CaC 2 +2H 2 O＝CaOH 2 +C 2 H 2 。
example 2
As shown in fig. 2, an embodiment of the first aspect of the present utility model is a high-carbon raw material acetylene generator, which comprises a premixing device 1, a calcium carbide reaction section 2, a heat recovery component 301 and an acetylene generating section 4; the inlet of the calcium carbide reaction section 2 is connected with the outlet of the premixing device 1, and the outlet of the calcium carbide reaction section 2 is provided with an acetylene generating section 4; a calcium carbide reaction water-cooling protection assembly 201 is arranged in the calcium carbide reaction section 2, and a calcium carbide reaction water-cooling protection water inlet 211 and a calcium carbide reaction water-cooling protection water outlet 212 are arranged on the side wall of the calcium carbide reaction water-cooling protection assembly 201; a heat recovery assembly 301 is arranged between the calcium carbide reaction section 2 and the acetylene generation section 4, and a heat recovery water inlet 311 and a heat recovery water outlet 312 are arranged on the side wall of the heat recovery assembly 301.
Further, the acetylene generating device further comprises a cooling section 5 and a shell 100, wherein the calcium carbide reaction section 2 is arranged in the shell 100 and is separated from the shell 100, the acetylene generating section 4 is arranged in the shell 100 and is separated from the shell 100, and an outlet of the acetylene generating section 4 is adjacent to the cooling section 5.
Further, an acetylene reaction water inlet 313, an acetylene cooling water inlet 511, a reaction gas outlet 412, a slag outlet 413, and a reaction water outlet 414; the acetylene reaction water inlet 313 is provided on a side wall of the heat recovery assembly 301, the side wall of the cooling section 5 is provided with an acetylene cooling water inlet 511, a reaction gas outlet 412 and a reaction water outlet 414, and the bottom of the cooling section 5 is provided with a slag outlet 413.
Further, the acetylene cooling water guide barrel 501 and the acetylene reaction quenching water internal part 41 are further included, the acetylene cooling water guide barrel 501 which enables gas to enter a water bath exists in the cooling section 5, the acetylene reaction quenching water internal part 41 is arranged at the part of the calcium carbide reaction water cooling protection assembly 201 which stretches into the heat recovery assembly 301, a quenching water distributor is arranged on the acetylene reaction quenching water internal part 41, and calcium carbide at the outlet of the heat recovery section is reacted through quenching water of the distributor.
Further, the device further comprises a third connecting component 22 and a fourth connecting component 32, wherein the third connecting component 22 hangs the calcium carbide reaction section 2 at the top of the shell 100, so that the upper end of the calcium carbide reaction section 2 is a fixed end, the lower end of the calcium carbide reaction section is a free end, and the upper end of the heat recovery component 301 is connected with the shell 100 through the fourth connecting component 32.
The third coupling assembling 22 hangs carbide reaction section 2 in the top of shell 100 for carbide reaction section 2's upper end is the stiff end, and the lower extreme is the free end, and after production begins, carbide reaction section 2 can be heated and freely expand downwards, can not produce the stress, thereby guarantees the safe and reliable operation of acetylene reactor, and third coupling assembling 22 comprises cylindric lock and steel sheet, the steel sheet open have with cylindric lock complex hole. The upper end steel plate is connected with the shell 100, the lower end steel plate is connected with the calcium carbide reaction section 2, the cylindrical pin can enable the calcium carbide reaction section 2 to be in a free vertical state, errors generated in manufacturing and installation processes are eliminated, stress does not exist at the connecting position of the calcium carbide reaction section 2 and the shell 100, and safe long-period operation of the acetylene reactor is guaranteed.
Further, the method comprises the following steps:
step 1, a high-carbon raw material and a lime raw material are sent into an acetylene generator through a raw material supply system, and a high-oxygen-content gas is also sent into the acetylene generator;
specifically, the dried high-carbon raw material fine powder and lime raw material fine powder are uniformly fed into a premixing device 1 of an acetylene generator through respective high-carbon raw materials and then enter a calcium carbide reaction section 2; the high oxygen-containing gas is sent into a premixing device 1 of an acetylene generator and then enters a calcium carbide reaction section 2;
step 2, burning, gasifying and reacting the high-carbon raw materials, the lime raw materials and the high-oxygen-content gas at the high temperature of 21600-2200 ℃ in a calcium carbide reaction section of an acetylene generator to generate calcium carbide and crude product gas;
specifically, high-carbon raw material fine powder, lime raw material fine powder and high-oxygen-content gas are dispersed and mixed in a cavity surrounded by a cooling wall of the calcium carbide reaction section 2, and the temperature is rapidly increased at a high temperature of 1600-2200 ℃;
the high-carbon raw material fine powder is subjected to pyrolysis and gasification reaction, and a large amount of heat is released, so that the high temperature of the calcium carbide reaction section 2 is maintained, and the main reaction is as follows:
C+0.5O 2 ＝CO；
C+O 2 ＝CO 2 ；
C+CO 2 ＝CO；
C+H 2 O＝CO+H 2 ；
the lime raw material fine powder firstly undergoes thermal decomposition reaction, and the main reaction is as follows:
CaCO 3 ＝CaO+CO 2 ；
CaOH 2 ＝CaO+H 2 O；
thereafter, the residual carbon in the gasification reaction reacts with quicklime to generate calcium carbide, and the main reactions are as follows:
CaO+3C＝CaC 2 +CO；
the calcium carbide and the unreactive ash matters brought in by the raw materials are melted at high temperature and captured by the cooling wall of the calcium carbide reaction section 2, and the melted calcium carbide and the melted ash are adhered and solidified on the cooling wall to form a solid ash layer on the back fire side and a liquid ash layer on the fire side, and the ash layer plays a role of heat insulation to prevent the calcium carbide reaction section 2 from radiating a large amount of heat to the cooling wall; introducing cooling medium into the cooling wall and discharging the cooling medium so as to maintain the cooling wall at a lower working temperature;
step 2.1, the molten calcium carbide, the molten ash and the high-temperature product gas firstly flow downwards into an acetylene generating section 4 of an acetylene generator; the temperature of the molten calcium carbide, the molten ash and the high-temperature product gas is gradually reduced from 1600-2200 ℃ to 600-1000 ℃, and the heat exchange medium in the heat recovery section 3 absorbs heat;
step 3, the molten calcium carbide, the molten ash and the high-temperature product gas flow downwards into a heat recovery section 3 of the acetylene generator for heat recovery, and the temperature of an outlet of the heat recovery section 3 is higher than the saturation temperature of a cooling medium at an inlet of the heat recovery section 3;
step 4, the calcium carbide, the melting furnace ash and the product gas after heat recovery enter an acetylene generating section 4 of an acetylene generator after heat recovery, are chilled by quenching water, are further cooled and react to generate acetylene;
specifically, the molten calcium carbide, molten ash and product gas flowing into the acetylene generating section 4 are contacted with quenching water, one part of quenching water absorbs heat through evaporation to reduce the temperature of the product gas and the molten ash, the molten ash is solidified into slag, and the other part of quenching water reacts with the calcium carbide to generate acetylene, wherein the main reaction is as follows:
CaC 2 +2H 2 O＝CaOH 2 +C 2 H 2 。
in the implementation process of the scheme, the heat recovery section can also be arranged at the upper part of the acetylene generation section, the outlet of the calcium carbide reaction section 2 firstly enters the heat recovery section 3, and after heat is recovered, the calcium carbide reaction section enters the acetylene generation section 4 for acetylene reaction.
In the embodiment 1 and the embodiment 2, a disc-type isolation bottom plate is arranged at the bottom of the calcium carbide reaction section, a calcium carbide slag outlet channel is arranged at the upper part of the isolation bottom plate, and cooling water and refractory materials can be arranged on the disc-type isolation bottom plate. The elevation position of the top of the carbide slag outlet channel exceeds the disc type isolation bottom plate by more than 50 mm; the top of the calcium carbide reaction section is provided with a premixing device, and a premixing device for high-carbon raw materials, lime and high-oxidation gas with the size of more than 1 group is arranged in the premixing device; the calcium carbide reaction section is provided with a heat-resistant protection inner part, and an inlet and outlet interface of cooling water is arranged on the calcium carbide reaction section; the ratio of the height of the inner reaction section of the calcium carbide reaction section to the diameter of the reaction section is more than 5; the acetylene generating section of the acetylene reactor is provided with a heat-resistant protection internal part, and an inlet and outlet interface of cooling water is arranged on a shell corresponding to the acetylene generating section of the acetylene reactor, and refractory materials can also be arranged for direct protection; the heat recovery section is provided with a water cooling pipe for heat recovery, and the water cooling pipe can adopt a vertical pipe structure or a parallel winding pipe structure, and is preferably a vertical pipe structure.
While the utility model has been described in detail in the foregoing general description and specific examples, it will be apparent to those skilled in the art that modifications and improvements can be made thereto. Accordingly, such modifications or improvements may be made without departing from the spirit of the utility model and are intended to be within the scope of the utility model as claimed.
The terms such as "upper", "lower", "left", "right", "middle" and the like are also used in the present specification for convenience of description, but are not intended to limit the scope of the present utility model, and the changes or modifications of the relative relationship thereof are considered to be within the scope of the present utility model without substantial modification of the technical content.
Claims (9)
1. The high-carbon raw material acetylene generator is characterized by comprising a calcium carbide reaction section (2) and an acetylene generation section (4);
the outlet of the calcium carbide reaction section (2) is provided with the acetylene generating section (4);
and a calcium carbide reaction water-cooling protection assembly (201) is arranged in the calcium carbide reaction section (2).
2. A high carbon feedstock acetylene generator according to claim 1, further comprising a premixing device (1) and a heat recovery assembly (301); an inlet of the calcium carbide reaction section (2) is connected with an outlet of the premixing device (1), and a calcium carbide reaction water-cooling protection water inlet (211) and a calcium carbide reaction water-cooling protection water outlet (212) are arranged on the side wall of the calcium carbide reaction water-cooling protection assembly (201);
the calcium carbide reaction section (2) and the acetylene generation section (4) are provided with the heat recovery assembly (301), and the side wall of the heat recovery assembly (301) is provided with a heat recovery water inlet (311) and a heat recovery water outlet (312).
3. The high-carbon raw material acetylene generator according to claim 2, further comprising a heat recovery section (3), wherein an inlet of the heat recovery section (3) is connected to an outlet of the calcium carbide reaction section (2), and an outlet of the heat recovery section (3) is connected to an inlet of the acetylene generation section (4).
4. A high carbon raw acetylene generator according to claim 3, further comprising an acetylene reaction cooling water inlet (411), a reaction gas outlet (412), a slag outlet (413) and a reaction water outlet (414); the side wall of the acetylene generating section (4) is provided with the acetylene reaction cooling water inlet (411), the reaction gas outlet (412) and the reaction water outlet (414); the bottom of the acetylene generating section (4) is provided with the slag outlet (413);
the device also comprises an acetylene reaction cooling guide barrel (401), wherein the acetylene reaction cooling guide barrel (401) for enabling gas to enter the water bath exists in the acetylene generating section (4).
5. The high carbon feedstock acetylene generator according to claim 4, further comprising a first connection assembly (21) and a second connection assembly (31); the premixing device (1) and the calcium carbide reaction section (2) are connected through the first connecting component (21), the first connecting component (21) is mainly used for supporting the premixing device (1) and sealing the premixing device (1) and the inlet of the calcium carbide reaction section (2), and the inner side of a sealing plate of the first connecting component (21) is provided with a refractory material which is mainly used for heat insulation; the calcium carbide reaction section (2) is connected with the heat recovery assembly (301) through the second connecting assembly (31).
6. The high carbon raw acetylene generator according to claim 2, further comprising a cooling section (5) and a housing (100), wherein the calcium carbide reaction section (2) is disposed within the housing (100) and spaced apart from the housing (100), wherein the acetylene generating section (4) is disposed within the housing (100) and spaced apart from the housing (100), and wherein the outlet of the acetylene generating section (4) is adjacent to the cooling section (5).
7. The high carbon raw acetylene generator according to claim 6, further comprising an acetylene reaction water inlet (313), an acetylene cooling water inlet (511), a reaction gas outlet (412), a slag outlet (413), and a reaction water outlet (414); the acetylene reaction water inlet (313) is formed in the side wall of the heat recovery assembly (301), the side wall of the cooling section (5) is provided with the acetylene cooling water inlet (511), the reaction gas outlet (412) and the reaction water outlet (414), and the bottom of the cooling section (5) is provided with the slag outlet (413).
8. The high-carbon raw material acetylene generator according to claim 7, further comprising an acetylene cooling guide barrel (501) and an acetylene reaction quenching water internal part (41), wherein the acetylene cooling guide barrel (501) for enabling gas to enter a water bath is arranged in the cooling section (5), and the acetylene reaction quenching water internal part (41) is arranged at the part of the calcium carbide reaction water cooling protection assembly (201) extending into the heat recovery assembly (301).
9. The high-carbon raw material acetylene generator according to claim 8, further comprising a third connecting component (22) and a fourth connecting component (32), wherein the third connecting component (22) hangs the calcium carbide reaction section (2) at the top of the shell (100), so that the upper end of the calcium carbide reaction section (2) is a fixed end and the lower end is a free end, and the upper end of the heat recovery component (301) is connected with the shell (100) through the fourth connecting component (32).
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| CN202320696452.2U CN219489918U (en) | 2023-04-03 | 2023-04-03 | High-carbon raw material acetylene generator |
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| CN202320696452.2U CN219489918U (en) | 2023-04-03 | 2023-04-03 | High-carbon raw material acetylene generator |
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