CN219465372U - Five-axis material increasing and decreasing processing equipment - Google Patents

Abstract

The utility model relates to five-axis material increasing and decreasing processing equipment, which comprises a lathe bed, a turntable, a three-dimensional printing shaft for material increasing and processing and a main shaft for material decreasing and processing, wherein the lathe bed comprises a base and a gantry, the gantry is arranged on the base, the turntable is horizontally movably arranged on the base, the turntable is arranged between two upright posts of the gantry, the turntable is provided with a workbench for placing a workpiece, and the three-dimensional printing shaft and the main shaft can be synchronously horizontally moved and independently and vertically movably arranged on a beam of the gantry. The utility model is beneficial to improving the processing efficiency and the processing flexibility by improving the structural designs of the three-dimensional printing shaft, the main shaft, the rotary table and the like of the whole machine.

Description

Five-axis material increasing and decreasing processing equipment

Technical Field

The utility model relates to five-axis material increasing and decreasing processing equipment, and belongs to the field of mechanical design.

Background

With the rapid development of industrial manufacturing, the manufacturing technology of high-performance and difficult-to-process metal integrated key parts (such as the anisotropic metal pipes) is considered as the foundation and core technology of advanced industrial high-end equipment manufacturing industries such as aviation, nuclear power, petrochemical industry, ships and the like.

For industrial manufacturing, the process of converting raw materials into final industrial products is classified from the manufacturing process, and can be classified into "equal material manufacturing", "reduced material manufacturing" and "additive manufacturing", and most of conventional manufacturing equipment adopts a forming method of a single manufacturing process. However, in the high-end equipment manufacturing industry, some special-shaped part processing (such as a special-shaped metal pipe) cannot meet the requirement through single additive processing or subtractive processing, and material processing equipment is increased or decreased.

However, the processing quality, processing speed and processing precision of the existing material increasing and decreasing processing equipment are to be improved, wherein the reasons include: some equipment needs to be replaced or complicated machining head position change is needed when the machining of the material increase and the material decrease is switched, and some parts of equipment are easy to interfere with each other in the machining process, such as the problems of collision of the machining head or pollution of the machining head, and the like.

Disclosure of Invention

The utility model provides a five-axis material increasing and decreasing processing device, which aims at solving at least one of the technical problems existing in the prior art. Therefore, the utility model provides five-axis material increasing and decreasing processing equipment, which is beneficial to improving the processing efficiency and the processing flexibility by improving the structural design of the whole machine.

The technical scheme of the utility model relates to five-axis material increasing and decreasing processing equipment, which comprises the following steps:

the machine tool comprises a machine tool body, a machine tool body and a control device, wherein the machine tool body comprises a base and a gantry frame, and the gantry frame is arranged on the base;

the turntable is arranged on the base in a horizontally movable manner and is arranged between the two upright posts of the portal frame; the turntable is provided with a workbench for placing a workpiece;

a three-dimensional printing shaft for additive processing and a main shaft for subtractive processing; the three-dimensional printing shaft and the main shaft can synchronously and horizontally move and can be independently and vertically arranged on the cross beam of the portal frame.

According to some embodiments of the utility model, the three-dimensional printing shaft and the main shaft are horizontally movably arranged on the portal frame through the cooperation of a translation sliding table and a translation guide rail.

According to some embodiments of the utility model, the three-dimensional printing shaft and the main shaft are respectively arranged on two lifting sliding tables; the lifting sliding table is arranged on the translation sliding table in a vertically movable manner through a lifting guide rail.

According to some embodiments of the utility model, the turntable is arranged on a telescopic sliding table, which is movably arranged on the base by a telescopic guide rail, which is arranged between two uprights of the portal frame.

According to some embodiments of the utility model, the upper plane of the base is provided with three junk slots, and the telescopic rail is arranged between two junk slots.

According to some embodiments of the utility model, the three-dimensional printing shaft is provided with a laser head, and the side edge of the three-dimensional printing shaft is provided with a laser head protection device for protecting the laser head.

According to some embodiments of the utility model, the laser head protection device covers the laser head by magnetic attraction.

According to some embodiments of the utility model, the laser head protection device comprises a mounting seat and a protective cover, wherein the mounting seat is arranged on the portal frame; when the laser head is in a material reduction processing state, the protective cover covers the laser head; when in an additive processing state, the protective cover is arranged on the mounting seat.

The beneficial effects of the utility model are as follows.

The five-axis material increasing and decreasing processing equipment is provided with the three-dimensional printing shaft, the main shaft and the rotary table, so that five-axis processing of a workpiece, continuous switching of material adding processing and material subtracting processing can be realized, and the problem of integral processing of special-shaped metal pipes and other parts with specific shapes can be solved; the three-dimensional printing shaft and the main shaft can synchronously and horizontally move and can independently move up and down, so that the processing mode switching speed can be improved, the mutual interference between additive processing and subtractive processing is reduced, and the processing flexibility is improved; the laser head protection device is arranged, and the laser head protection device adopts a magnetic attraction mode to realize quick separation or coverage of the laser head, so that the requirement of frequently switching the processing mode in the process of increasing and decreasing materials is met, the processing speed is guaranteed, and the processing quality is improved.

Drawings

Fig. 1 is a schematic diagram of the overall structure of a five-axis log reduction processing apparatus according to an embodiment of the present utility model.

Fig. 2 is an overall front schematic view of a five-axis log reduction processing apparatus according to an embodiment of the present utility model.

Fig. 3 is a schematic structural view of a laser head protection device according to an embodiment of the present utility model.

Fig. 4 is a schematic structural view of a protective cover according to an embodiment of the present utility model.

Reference numerals:

100 five-axis material increasing and decreasing processing machine; a 111 base; 112 portal frames; 130 a workbench; 131 a turntable;

140 three-dimensional printing axes; 141 laser heads; 150 main shaft; 161 lifting slipway; 162 lifting the guide rail; 171 translating the slipway; 172 translation rails; 181 telescopic slipway; 182 telescoping rails; 190 chip removal grooves;

200 laser head protection device; 210 a protective cover; 211 magnets; 212 clamping grooves; 220 mounting blocks; 221 detent collar.

Detailed Description

The conception, specific structure, and technical effects produced by the present utility model will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the embodiments and the drawings to fully understand the objects, aspects, and effects of the present utility model. It should be noted that, in the case of no conflict, the embodiments and features in the embodiments may be combined with each other.

It should be noted that, unless otherwise specified, when a feature is referred to as being "fixed" or "connected" to another feature, it may be directly or indirectly fixed or connected to the other feature. Further, the descriptions of the upper, lower, left, right, top, bottom, etc. used in the present utility model are merely with respect to the mutual positional relationship of the respective constituent elements of the present utility model in the drawings.

Furthermore, unless defined otherwise, all technical and scientific terms used herein have the same meaning as commonly understood by one of ordinary skill in the art. The terminology used in the description presented herein is for the purpose of describing particular embodiments only and is not intended to be limiting of the utility model. The term "and/or" as used herein includes any combination of one or more of the associated listed items.

It should be understood that although the terms first, second, third, etc. may be used in this disclosure to describe various elements, these elements should not be limited by these terms. These terms are only used to distinguish one element of the same type from another. For example, a first element could also be termed a second element, and, similarly, a second element could also be termed a first element, without departing from the scope of the present disclosure.

Referring to fig. 1, the five-axis material increasing/decreasing processing apparatus according to the present utility model includes a five-axis material increasing/decreasing processing machine 100, and the five-axis material increasing/decreasing processing machine 100 includes a lathe bed, a table 130, a three-dimensional printing shaft 140 for additive processing, and a spindle 150 for subtractive processing. The bed includes a base 111 and a gantry 112, the gantry 112 being disposed on the base 111. The three-dimensional printing shaft 140 and the main shaft 150 for material increasing processing can be synchronously and horizontally arranged on the side surface of the beam of the portal frame 112, and the three-dimensional printing shaft 140 and the main shaft 150 can be independently and vertically arranged on the portal frame 112.

Specifically, referring to fig. 2, the five-axis log adding/subtracting machine 100 adopts a gantry structure, including a base 111 and a gantry 112, the gantry 112 is disposed on the base 111, the gantry 112 includes a beam and two columns, and the two columns are disposed at two ends of the beam respectively. The two upright posts are respectively arranged on two sides of the base 111, and the cross beam is arranged above the base 111, so that the base 111 and the portal frame 112 form a middle channel. The turntable 131 is movably disposed on the base 111, and is disposed between two columns. A table 130 for placing parts is provided on the turntable 131, and the table 130 rotates with the turntable 131. The three-dimensional printing shaft 140 and the main shaft 150 are disposed at the side of the beam facing the table 130, and the three-dimensional printing shaft 140 and the main shaft 150 can move horizontally along the beam. The three-dimensional printing shaft 140 can independently move up and down, and the main shaft 150 can independently move up and down, so that the processing is more flexible and more applicable, and the possibility of mutual interference between the processing of the three-dimensional printing shaft 140 and the main shaft 150 is reduced.

When additive processing is required, the three-dimensional printing shaft 140 moves downwards to extend, and the three-dimensional printing shaft 140 is matched with the translation of the gantry 112, and the workbench 130 is matched with the translation of the base 111, so that parts with different shapes are printed. When the material reduction processing is required, the three-dimensional printing shaft 140 is lifted and retracted, the main shaft 150 is lowered and extended, and the three-dimensional printing shaft 140 is matched with the translation of the portal frame 112 and the translation of the workbench 130 on the base 111, and the printed parts are subjected to the material reduction processing such as cutting or engraving and milling by a cutter arranged on the main shaft 150.

It should be noted that, in some embodiments of the present utility model, the three-dimensional printing shaft 140 is provided with a laser melting nozzle, and the metal powder is directly printed on the workbench 130 and formed into a certain shape by outputting the metal powder and under the action of laser, so that the product without the initial part is produced. Further, the metal powder can be a single metal material or a mixture of two or more metal materials, so that the integral forming requirement of the part formed by superposition or mixing of multiple materials can be met.

It should be noted that the five-axis material increasing and decreasing processing equipment provided by the embodiment of the utility model not only can be applied to integrated forming processing of parts, but also can directly perform material decreasing processing or material increasing processing at unqualified positions of the parts for unqualified conditions such as excessive material increasing allowance or excessive material decreasing cutting in the processing process of the parts, so as to improve the processing precision and processing qualification rate of the parts, avoid re-clamping and positioning, and be beneficial to improving the processing efficiency.

In some embodiments of the present utility model, referring to fig. 1, a translation rail 172 (i.e., a rail in the X-axis direction) is disposed on a beam of the gantry 112, a translation sliding table 171 is disposed on the translation rail 172, and the three-dimensional printing shaft 140 and the main shaft 150 are both disposed on the translation sliding table 171, and the three-dimensional printing shaft 140 and the main shaft 150 can move along with the translation sliding table 171 at the same time.

In some embodiments of the present utility model, referring to fig. 1, two lifting guide rails 162 (i.e., guide rails in the Z-axis direction) and two lifting sliding tables 161 are provided on the translation sliding table 171, one lifting sliding table 161 is provided on one lifting guide rail 162, the other lifting sliding table 161 is provided on the other lifting guide rail 162, one lifting guide rail 162 is provided with a main shaft 150 to realize independent lifting of the cutter, the other lifting guide rail 162 is provided with a three-dimensional printing shaft 140 to realize independent lifting of the laser head 141, that is, by providing two independently movable Z-axes, the main shaft 150 is moved up and down through the cooperation of the lifting guide rail 162 and one of the lifting sliding tables 161, and the three-dimensional printing shaft 140 is moved up and down through the cooperation of the lifting guide rail 162 and the other lifting sliding table 161, so that independent lifting of the main shaft 150 and the three-dimensional printing shaft 140 is realized.

In some embodiments of the present utility model, a turntable 131 is disposed on the base 111, the turntable 131 is movably disposed on the base 111 through a telescopic sliding table 181 and a telescopic guide rail 182, the turntable 131 is rotatably disposed on the telescopic sliding table 181, and a workbench 130 for placing a part is disposed on the turntable 131, so that the processing of the part along the AB axis is realized while the processing of the part along the XYZ axis is realized. Specifically, the telescopic rail 182 is provided on the base 111 and between the two columns of the gantry 112, the turntable 131 is provided on the telescopic rail 182 (i.e., the rail in the Y-axis direction) through the telescopic slide table 181, and the turntable 131 is slidably provided in the intermediate passage.

In some embodiments of the present utility model, referring to fig. 1 and 2, a plurality of junk slots are provided in the base 111, and the telescoping rail 182 is disposed between two junk slots 190. Here, two telescopic guide rails 182 are provided, for example, the number of junk slots is three, one junk slot is disposed between two telescopic guide rails 182, and the other two junk slots are disposed on the other sides of the two telescopic guide rails 182, respectively.

In some embodiments of the present utility model, referring to fig. 3, the five-axis material increasing/decreasing processing apparatus includes a laser head protection device 200, and a laser head protection device 200 for protecting the laser head 141 is disposed at a side of the three-dimensional printing shaft 140, and when the additive processing is required, the laser head 141 leaks, i.e., the laser head protection device 200 is separated from the laser head 141. When the material reduction processing is required, the laser head 141 is covered by the laser head protection device 200, and the laser head 141 is protected by the laser head protection device 200 so as to avoid contamination of the laser head 141 by scraps, cutting fluid and the like, thereby being beneficial to improving the quality and the precision of the material increase processing.

In some embodiments of the present utility model, laser head protection device 200 covers laser head 141 by magnetic attraction. Further, the laser head protection device 200 includes a mounting seat and a protective cover 210, the mounting seat is disposed on the gantry 112; wherein, when in the reduced material processing state, the protective cover 210 covers the laser head 141; when in the additive processing state, the protective cover 210 is disposed on the mounting base.

Specifically, referring to fig. 3 and 4, the laser head protection device 200 is disposed on the side of the five-axis material increasing/decreasing machine, the laser head protection device 200 includes a mounting block 220 and a protective cover 210, the mounting block 220 is disposed on the mounting seat, and the protective cover 210 is disposed on the mounting block 220 in cooperation with the clamping groove 212 through the clamping convex edge 221. The mounting block 220 is provided with an extension opening through which the protective cover 210 is separated from or coupled to the mounting block 220. The magnet 211 is disposed on the upper side of the protective cover 210, and the protective cover 210 is attached to the three-dimensional printing shaft 140 by the magnet 211 so as to cover the laser head 141. Further, the latching convex edge 221 and the latching concave groove 212 are both horizontally disposed.

In some embodiments of the present utility model, the mounting block 220 extends out of the opening toward the three-dimensional printing shaft 140 and is disposed in the moving direction of the three-dimensional printing shaft 140. When the three-dimensional printing shaft 140 finishes the additive processing, the three-dimensional printing shaft 140 drives the laser head 141 to move towards the direction of the mounting block 220, when the laser head 141 reaches the upper side of the protective cover 210, the laser head 141 descends and enters into the accommodating cavity of the protective cover 210, and when the magnet 211 attracts the three-dimensional printing shaft 140, the three-dimensional printing shaft 140 drives the protective cover 210 to horizontally move, so that the protective cover 210 is separated from the mounting block 220. When the protective cover 210 covers the laser head 141, the spindle 150 performs the material reduction processing, so as to be beneficial to avoiding the laser head 141 from being polluted. When the material reduction processing is completed and the material addition processing is required, the three-dimensional printing shaft 140 drives the protective cover 210 to horizontally move, so that the clamping convex edge 221 is embedded into the clamping groove 212, then the laser head 141 moves upwards, and the protective cover 210 keeps the original height under the action of the clamping convex edge 221 and the clamping groove 212, so that the protective cover 210 is separated from the three-dimensional printing shaft 140, the protective cover 210 is placed on the mounting block 220, and the laser head 141 leaks outwards and performs the material addition processing. According to the laser head protection device 200 provided by the embodiment of the utility model, the magnet 211 is matched with the mounting block 220, so that the protective cover 210 can be quickly mounted and dismounted, the requirement of frequently switching the machining procedures of the material increasing and decreasing of the machining equipment can be met, and the machining quality and the machining precision are improved while the machining precision is ensured.

The present utility model is not limited to the above embodiments, but can be modified, equivalent, improved, etc. by the same means to achieve the technical effects of the present utility model, which are included in the spirit and principle of the present disclosure. Are intended to fall within the scope of the present utility model. Various modifications and variations are possible in the technical solution and/or in the embodiments within the scope of the utility model.

Claims (8)

1. Five increase and decrease material processing equipment, characterized by, include:

the machine tool comprises a machine tool body and a machine tool body, wherein the machine tool body comprises a base (111) and a portal frame (112), and the portal frame (112) is arranged on the base (111);

the turntable (131) is arranged on the base (111) in a horizontally movable manner, and the turntable (131) is arranged between two upright posts of the portal frame (112); the turntable (131) is provided with a workbench (130) for placing parts;

a three-dimensional printing shaft (140) for additive processing and a spindle (150) for subtractive processing; the three-dimensional printing shaft (140) and the main shaft (150) are arranged on the cross beam of the portal frame (112) in a synchronous horizontal movement mode and in an independent up-down movement mode.

2. The five-axis log reduction and elimination processing apparatus according to claim 1, wherein the three-dimensional printing shaft (140) and the main shaft (150) are horizontally movably disposed on the portal frame (112) through the cooperation of a translation sliding table (171) and a translation guide rail (172).

3. The five-axis log reduction processing apparatus according to claim 2, wherein the three-dimensional printing shaft (140) and the main shaft (150) are respectively provided on two elevating slide tables (161); the lifting sliding table (161) is arranged on the translation sliding table (171) in a manner of being capable of moving up and down through a lifting guide rail (162).

4. The five-axis material increasing and decreasing machining device according to claim 1, wherein the turntable (131) is arranged on a telescopic sliding table (181), the telescopic sliding table (181) is movably arranged on the base (111) through a telescopic guide rail (182), and the telescopic guide rail (182) is arranged between two upright posts of the portal frame (112).

5. The five-axis log reduction machining device according to claim 4, wherein the upper plane of the base (111) is provided with three junk slots (190), and the telescopic rail (182) is disposed between two junk slots (190).

6. The five-axis increasing/decreasing material processing device according to claim 1, wherein a laser head (141) is provided on the three-dimensional printing shaft (140), and a laser head protection device (200) for protecting the laser head (141) is provided on a side of the three-dimensional printing shaft (140).

7. The five-axis additive and subtractive processing apparatus of claim 6 wherein said laser head protecting means (200) magnetically covers said laser head (141).

8. The five-axis log reduction machining apparatus as set forth in claim 7, wherein the laser head protection device (200) includes a mount and a protective cover (210), the mount being disposed on the gantry (112); wherein, when in a reduced material processing state, the protective cover (210) covers the laser head (141); when in an additive processing state, the protective cover (210) is arranged on the mounting seat.