CN219453930U

CN219453930U - Circulating fluidized bed boiler

Info

Publication number: CN219453930U
Application number: CN202320343533.4U
Authority: CN
Inventors: 吴继林; 许春梅; 徐田启; 高超华; 马其; 刘继玉; 韩秀佩; 温雪; 朱奕勋
Original assignee: Inner Mongolia Shuangling Boiler Manufacturing Co ltd
Current assignee: Inner Mongolia Shuangling Boiler Manufacturing Co ltd
Priority date: 2023-02-28
Filing date: 2023-02-28
Publication date: 2023-08-01
Anticipated expiration: 2033-02-28

Abstract

The utility model provides a circulating fluidized bed boiler, which belongs to the technical field of boilers and comprises a separator, a heat absorption structure and a dust removal structure. The top end of the separator is provided with a hot air transmission channel. One end of the heat exchanger is connected to the hot air transmission channel, the other end of the heat exchanger is connected to the water tank, the guide assembly is arranged at the steam inlet, the air inlet of the heat exchanger is provided with a first filter, and the air outlet of the heat exchanger is provided with a second filter. The dust remover is connected with the hot air transmission channel, one side of the collecting box is connected with the steam outlet, the other side of the collecting box is connected with the collecting cover through the fly ash transmission channel, and the opening direction of the collecting cover faces the first ash outlet. Through the setting of this structure, solved current circulating fluidized bed boiler because vapor can enter into the water tank through the heat exchanger in the operation in-process, cause the inner wall of heat exchanger and water tank to adhere to there is a large amount of incrustations scale, seriously influenced the heat transfer effect of heat exchanger, reduced circulating fluidized bed boiler's heat conversion's problem.

Description

Circulating fluidized bed boiler

Technical Field

The utility model relates to the technical field of boilers, in particular to a circulating fluidized bed boiler.

Background

The circulating fluidized bed boiler adopts clean coal combustion technology with highest industrialization degree. The circulating fluidized bed boiler adopts fluidized combustion, and the main structure comprises a combustion chamber (comprising a dense-phase zone and a dilute-phase zone) and a circulating return furnace (comprising a high-temperature gas-solid separator and a return system). The biggest difference with bubbling fluidized bed combustion technology is that the operation wind speed is high, heterogeneous reaction processes such as combustion and desulfurization are enhanced, the boiler capacity can be expanded to a large capacity (600 MW or more grade) acceptable by the electric industry, the basic problems such as heat, mechanics, materialization and the like and engineering problems such as expansion, abrasion and overtemperature and the like of the circulating fluidized bed boiler are well solved, and the circulating fluidized bed boiler is an advanced technology for energy utilization of flame-retardant solid fuels (such as coal gangue, oil shale, municipal refuse, silt and other wastes).

In the operation process of the existing circulating fluidized bed boiler, because water vapor can enter the water tank through the heat exchanger, the heat exchanger and the water tank are in direct contact with water, a large amount of scale can be attached to the inner walls of the heat exchanger and the water tank in the long term, the heat exchange effect of the heat exchanger is seriously affected, and the heat conversion of the circulating fluidized bed boiler is reduced.

Through retrieving, chinese patent No. CN 216897271U discloses a circulating fluidized bed boiler, relates to boiler equipment technical field, aims at solving the problem that easily produces the ash and flies in the operation process, and its technical scheme main points are: including dust remover, furnace, with the separator of furnace intercommunication and with the hot-blast transmission channel of separator intercommunication, still including being arranged in collecting the fly ash transmission channel of remaining flying dust in the dust remover, the one end that hot-blast transmission channel is close to the separator is equipped with the heat exchanger, the output intercommunication of heat exchanger has the water tank, the steam outlet and the fly ash transmission channel intercommunication of water tank, through setting up the heat exchanger, heat the water in the water tank and form vapor, after contacting with the fly ash, the fly ash absorbs water and can become heavy dropping with other fly ash embracing, thereby play good ash removal effect, more environmental protection.

However, the scheme still has the defect that the modularized design of the hearth and the convection bank membranes solves the problem of pollution to the air caused by fly ash scattering into the air, and the design can cause a large amount of scale to be attached to the inner walls of the heat exchanger and the water tank, so that the heat exchange effect of the heat exchanger is seriously affected, and the problem of heat conversion of the circulating fluidized bed boiler is solved.

Disclosure of Invention

The embodiment of the utility model provides a circulating fluidized bed boiler, which aims to solve the problems that a great amount of scale is attached to the inner walls of a heat exchanger and a water tank, the heat exchange effect of the heat exchanger is seriously affected and the heat conversion of the circulating fluidized bed boiler is reduced because water vapor enters the water tank through the heat exchanger in the operation process of the conventional circulating fluidized bed boiler.

The embodiment of the utility model provides a circulating fluidized bed boiler, which comprises

The bottom of the separator is connected with the hearth, the top of the separator is provided with a hot air transmission channel, and a steam transmission pipe is arranged on the hot air transmission channel.

The heat absorption structure comprises a heat exchanger, a water tank, a guide assembly, a first filter and a second filter, one end of the heat exchanger is connected to a steam transmission pipe, the other end of the heat exchanger is connected to the water tank, the water tank is provided with a steam inlet and a steam outlet, the guide assembly is arranged at the steam inlet, the air inlet of the heat exchanger is provided with the first filter, and the air outlet of the heat exchanger is provided with the second filter.

The dust removal structure comprises a dust remover, a collecting box and a collecting cover, wherein the dust remover is connected with a hot air transmission channel, a first ash outlet is formed in the bottom of the dust remover, a second ash outlet is formed in the bottom of the collecting box, the top of the collecting box is open, one side of the collecting box is connected with a steam outlet, the other side of the collecting box is connected with the collecting cover through a fly ash transmission channel, and the opening direction of the collecting cover faces the first ash outlet.

In the embodiment, the heat in the hearth is separated through the separator, and fly ash and dust in the heat are conveyed into the dust remover through the hot air conveying channel. Set up the steam transmission pipe on hot-blast transmission channel, set up guide assembly in the steam entry, vapor enters into in the heat exchanger, heat exchanger carries out heat exchange in carrying the heat transfer to the water tank, when vapor enters into the heat exchanger, vapor filters the molecule that easily forms the incrustation scale in the vapor earlier through first filter, then enter into the heat exchanger, vapor enters into the water tank by the heat exchanger, again through second filter filters for vapor in carrying the water tank from the heat exchanger becomes the dirty water, thereby reduce vapor and heat exchanger and water tank long-time contact formation incrustation scale. The heat exchanger heats the water in the water tank, and after heating to a certain degree, steam can be formed, and the guide assembly is operated to blow the steam by utilizing the guide assembly, and the blown steam enters into the steam transmission pipe, and the steam transmission pipe is then communicated with the water tank and the collecting box, so that the steam enters into the collecting box. The fly ash filtered by the dust remover is collected into the fly ash transmission channel through the collecting cover and is conveyed into the collecting box, the top of the collecting box is open, and cold air enters the collecting box, so that water vapor with higher temperature is cooled and liquefied and contacts with the fly ash, the fly ash is enabled to fall down heavily, a good ash removing effect is achieved, the fly ash is prevented from being scattered in the air, and the air is polluted.

In one embodiment of the utility model, the separator is a cyclone separator.

In the embodiment, the separator is a cyclone separator, and the cyclone separator has the main characteristics of simple structure, high operation elasticity, higher efficiency, convenient management and maintenance and low cost, and is used for capturing dust with the diameter of more than 5-10 mu m, and is often used as an separating device of a fluidized bed reactor or used as a pre-separator.

In one embodiment of the utility model, the guide assembly is a fan.

In this embodiment, the guiding component is a fan, and the water vapor is blown into the vapor delivery pipe by using wind power generated by the fan, so that the water vapor enters the collecting tank through the vapor delivery pipe.

In one embodiment of the utility model, the second ash opening is provided with a baffle which is detachably connected to the collecting box.

In this embodiment, the second ash hole is provided with the baffle, and the baffle can be dismantled and be connected in the collecting box, and the baffle is used for shutoff second ash hole, prevents that the dust from dropping at will, also can open the baffle when needs, clears away the fly ash granule that forms in the collecting box, makes things convenient for the receiver clearance of collecting box.

In one embodiment of the utility model, the collecting cover is provided with a fan, and an air inlet of the fan is arranged at an opening of the collecting cover.

In this embodiment, collect the cover and be provided with the fan, the air intake of fan sets up in the opening part of collecting the cover, and through the fan to the dust remover bleed, can take the dust in the fly ash transmission channel, make things convenient for the collection of fly ash, and can be better with in the fly ash transport collection box.

Drawings

In order to more clearly illustrate the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present utility model, the drawings that are needed in the embodiments will be briefly described below, it being understood that the following drawings only illustrate some examples of the present utility model and therefore should not be considered as limiting the scope, and other related drawings may be obtained according to these drawings without inventive effort for a person skilled in the art.

Fig. 1 is a schematic structural view of a circulating fluidized bed boiler provided by the present utility model.

Icon: 10-a circulating fluidized bed boiler; a 100-separator; 101-cyclone separator; 110-hearth; 130-a hot air transmission channel; 150-a vapor transfer tube; 300-heat absorbing structure; 310-heat exchanger; 311-air inlet; 313-outlet; 330-a water tank; 331-steam inlet; 333-steam outlet; 350-a guidance assembly; 351-fans; 370-first filter; 390-a second filter; 500-a dust removal structure; 510-a dust remover; 511-a first ash outlet; 530-collecting box; 531-second ash outlet; 5311 a baffle; 533-open; 550-a collection hood; 551-fans; 553-fly ash transport channels.

Description of the embodiments

For the purpose of making the objects, technical solutions and advantages of the embodiments of the present utility model more apparent, the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present utility model will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings in the embodiments of the present utility model, and it is apparent that the described embodiments are some embodiments of the present utility model, but not all embodiments. All other embodiments, based on the embodiments of the utility model, which are apparent to those of ordinary skill in the art without inventive faculty, are intended to be within the scope of the utility model.

Thus, the following detailed description of the embodiments of the utility model, as presented in the figures, is not intended to limit the scope of the utility model, as claimed, but is merely representative of selected embodiments of the utility model. All other embodiments, based on the embodiments of the utility model, which are apparent to those of ordinary skill in the art without inventive faculty, are intended to be within the scope of the utility model.

It should be noted that: like reference numerals and letters denote like items in the following figures, and thus once an item is defined in one figure, no further definition or explanation thereof is necessary in the following figures.

In the description of the present utility model, it should be understood that the terms "center", "longitudinal", "lateral", "length", "width", "thickness", "upper", "lower", "front", "rear", "left", "right", "vertical", "horizontal", "top", "bottom", "inner", "outer", "clockwise", "counterclockwise", etc. indicate orientations or positional relationships based on the orientations or positional relationships shown in the drawings are merely for convenience in describing the present utility model and simplifying the description, and do not indicate or imply that the apparatus or elements referred to must have a specific orientation, be configured and operated in a specific orientation, and thus should not be construed as limiting the present utility model.

Furthermore, the terms "first," "second," and the like, are used for descriptive purposes only and are not to be construed as indicating or implying a relative importance or implicitly indicating the number of technical features indicated. Thus, a feature defining "a first" or "a second" may explicitly or implicitly include one or more such feature. In the description of the present utility model, the meaning of "a plurality" is two or more, unless explicitly defined otherwise.

In the present utility model, unless explicitly specified and limited otherwise, the terms "mounted," "connected," "secured," and the like are to be construed broadly, and may be, for example, fixedly connected, detachably connected, or integrally formed; can be directly connected or indirectly connected through an intermediate medium, and can be communicated with the inside of two elements or the interaction relationship of the two elements. The specific meaning of the above terms in the present utility model can be understood by those of ordinary skill in the art according to the specific circumstances.

In the present utility model, unless expressly stated or limited otherwise, a first feature "above" or "below" a second feature may include both the first and second features being in direct contact, as well as the first and second features not being in direct contact but being in contact with each other through additional features therebetween. Moreover, a first feature being "above," "over" and "on" a second feature includes the first feature being directly above and obliquely above the second feature, or simply indicating that the first feature is higher in level than the second feature. The first feature being "under", "below" and "beneath" the second feature includes the first feature being directly under and obliquely below the second feature, or simply means that the first feature is less level than the second feature.

Examples

Referring to fig. 1, the present utility model provides a circulating fluidized bed boiler 10 including a separator 100, a heat absorbing structure 300, and a dust removing structure 500.

Referring to fig. 1, the bottom end of the separator 100 is connected to the furnace 110, the top end of the separator 100 is provided with a hot air transmission channel 130, and the hot air transmission channel 130 is provided with a steam transmission pipe 150.

In this embodiment, a hot air transmission channel 130 is provided at the top end of the separator 100, and a steam transmission pipe 150 is provided in the hot air transmission channel 130.

Specifically, referring to FIG. 1, the separator 100 is a cyclone 101. The cyclone 101 has the main characteristics of simple structure, high operation elasticity, high efficiency, convenient management and maintenance and low cost, and is used for capturing dust with the diameter of more than 5-10 mu m, and is often used as an separating device of a fluidized bed reactor or used as a pre-separator 100.

Referring to fig. 1, the heat absorbing structure 300 includes a heat exchanger 310, a water tank 330, a guiding assembly 350, a first filter 370 and a second filter 390, wherein one end of the heat exchanger 310 is connected to the steam transmission pipe 150, the other end is connected to the water tank 330, the water tank 330 is provided with a steam inlet 331 and a steam outlet 333, the guiding assembly 350 is disposed at the steam inlet 331, the air inlet 311 of the heat exchanger 310 is provided with the first filter 370, and the air outlet 313 of the heat exchanger 310 is provided with the second filter 390.

In this embodiment, in a specific implementation manner, the steam transmission pipe 150 is disposed on the hot air transmission channel 130, the guide assembly 350 is disposed at the steam inlet 331, the steam enters the heat exchanger 310, the heat exchanger 310 transmits heat into the water tank 330 for heat exchange, when the steam enters the heat exchanger 310, the steam passes through the first filter 370, molecules which easily form scale in the steam are filtered, and then enters the heat exchanger 310, when the steam enters the water tank 330 from the heat exchanger 310, the steam passes through the second filter 390 for filtering, so that the steam transmitted from the heat exchanger 310 into the water tank 330 becomes scale-free water, and long-time contact between the steam and the heat exchanger 310 and the water tank 330 is reduced. The heat exchanger 310 heats the water in the water tank 330, and when heated to a certain degree, steam is formed, the guide assembly 350 is operated, and the guide assembly 350 is used for blowing the steam, so that the steam enters the steam transmission pipe 150.

Specifically, referring to fig. 1, the guiding assembly 350 is a blower 351. The water vapor is blown into the vapor delivery pipe by the wind force generated by the blower 351 so that the water vapor enters the collection tank 530 through the vapor delivery pipe.

Referring to fig. 1, the dust removing structure 500 includes a dust remover 510, a collecting box 530 and a collecting cover 550, wherein the dust remover 510 is connected with the hot air transmission channel 130, a first ash outlet 511 is provided at the bottom of the dust remover 510, a second ash outlet 531 is provided at the bottom of the collecting box 530, an opening 533 is provided at the top, one side of the collecting box 530 is connected with the steam outlet 333, the other side is connected with the collecting cover 550 through the fly ash transmission channel 553, and the opening direction of the collecting cover 550 faces the first ash outlet 511.

In this embodiment, in particular, the steam delivery pipe 150 is connected to the water tank 330 and the collection tank 530, so that the water vapor enters the collection tank 530. The fly ash filtered by the dust remover 510 is collected into the fly ash transmission channel 553 through the collecting cover 550 and is conveyed into the collecting box 530, the top of the collecting box 530 is an opening 533, and cold air enters into the collecting box 530, so that water vapor with higher temperature is cooled and liquefied and contacts with the fly ash, and the fly ash is heavy and falls down, thereby having good ash removing effect, avoiding the fly ash from flying into the air and polluting the air.

Specifically, referring to fig. 1, the second ash outlet 531 is provided with a baffle 5311, and the baffle 5311 is detachably connected to the collecting box 530. The baffle 5311 is used for blocking the second ash outlet 531 to prevent dust from falling randomly, and the baffle 5311 can be opened when needed to remove fly ash particles formed in the collecting box 530, so that the collecting box of the collecting box 530 is convenient to clean.

Specifically, referring to fig. 1, the collecting cover 550 is provided with a fan 551, and an air inlet of the fan 551 is disposed at an opening of the collecting cover 550. The dust remover 510 is pumped by the fan 551, so that dust can be pumped into the fly ash transmission channel 553, the fly ash can be conveniently collected, and the fly ash can be better transmitted into the collection box 530.

The working principle of the circulating fluidized bed boiler 10 provided by the embodiment of the utility model is as follows: the heat in the furnace 110 is separated by the separator 100, and fly ash and dust in the heat are conveyed into the dust remover 510 through the hot air conveying channel 130. The hot air transmission channel 130 is provided with the steam transmission pipe 150, the guide component 350 is arranged at the steam inlet 331, steam enters the heat exchanger 310, the heat exchanger 310 transmits heat into the water tank 330 for heat exchange, when the steam enters the heat exchanger 310, the steam firstly passes through the first filter element 370 to filter molecules which easily form scale in the steam, then enters the heat exchanger 310, when the steam enters the water tank 330 from the heat exchanger 310, the steam passes through the second filter element 390 to be filtered, so that the steam transmitted into the water tank 330 from the heat exchanger 310 becomes scale-free water, and the long-time contact of the steam with the heat exchanger 310 and the water tank 330 is reduced to form scale. The heat exchanger 310 heats the water in the water tank 330, and when the water is heated to a certain degree, steam is formed, the guide assembly 350 is operated, the guide assembly 350 is utilized to blow the steam, the steam is blown into the steam transmission pipe 150, and the steam transmission pipe 150 is communicated with the water tank 330 and the collecting tank 530, so that the steam enters the collecting tank 530. The fly ash filtered by the dust remover 510 is collected into the fly ash transmission channel 553 through the collecting cover 550 and is conveyed into the collecting box 530, the top of the collecting box 530 is an opening 533, and cold air enters into the collecting box 530, so that water vapor with higher temperature is cooled and liquefied and contacts with the fly ash, and the fly ash is heavy and falls down, thereby having good ash removing effect, avoiding the fly ash from flying into the air and polluting the air. Through the setting of this structure, solved current circulating fluidized bed boiler because vapor can enter into water tank 330 through heat exchanger 310 in the operation in-process, cause the inner wall of heat exchanger 310 and water tank 330 to adhere to there is a large amount of incrustations, seriously influenced heat transfer effect of heat exchanger 310, reduced circulating fluidized bed boiler's heat conversion's problem.

The above is only a preferred embodiment of the present utility model, and is not intended to limit the present utility model, but various modifications and variations can be made to the present utility model by those skilled in the art. Any modification, equivalent replacement, improvement, etc. made within the spirit and principle of the present utility model should be included in the protection scope of the present utility model.

Claims

1. A circulating fluidized bed boiler, characterized by comprising

The bottom end of the separator is connected with the hearth, the top end of the separator is provided with a hot air transmission channel, and a steam transmission pipe is arranged on the hot air transmission channel;

the heat absorption structure comprises a heat exchanger, a water tank, a guide assembly, a first filter and a second filter, one end of the heat exchanger is connected with the steam transmission pipe, the other end of the heat exchanger is connected with the water tank, a steam inlet and a steam outlet are formed in the water tank, the guide assembly is arranged at the steam inlet, the air inlet of the heat exchanger is provided with the first filter, and the air outlet of the heat exchanger is provided with the second filter;

the dust removing structure comprises a dust remover, a collecting box and a collecting cover, wherein the dust remover is connected with the hot air transmission channel, a first ash outlet is formed in the bottom of the dust remover, a second ash outlet is formed in the bottom of the collecting box, the top of the collecting box is open, one side of the collecting box is connected with the steam outlet, the other side of the collecting box is connected with the collecting cover through the fly ash transmission channel, and the opening direction of the collecting cover faces the first ash outlet.

2. A circulating fluidized bed boiler in accordance with claim 1, wherein the separator is a cyclone separator.

3. A circulating fluidized bed boiler in accordance with claim 1, wherein the guiding assembly is a fan.

4. A circulating fluidized bed boiler in accordance with claim 1, wherein the second ash outlet is provided with a baffle, which baffle is detachably connected to the collecting bin.

5. A circulating fluidized bed boiler in accordance with claim 1, wherein the collection hood is provided with a fan, the air inlet of which is provided at the opening of the collection hood.