CN219452252U - Rocket engine single component igniter - Google Patents
Rocket engine single component igniter Download PDFInfo
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- CN219452252U CN219452252U CN202222577201.0U CN202222577201U CN219452252U CN 219452252 U CN219452252 U CN 219452252U CN 202222577201 U CN202222577201 U CN 202222577201U CN 219452252 U CN219452252 U CN 219452252U
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- hydrogen peroxide
- storage tank
- rocket engine
- concentration hydrogen
- catalytic reaction
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Abstract
The utility model discloses a rocket engine single-component igniter which is arranged above a combustion chamber of a rocket engine, wherein the combustion chamber is connected with a fuel pipeline and an oxidant pipeline, the igniter for engine test run comprises a high-concentration hydrogen peroxide storage tank, an electromagnetic valve, a catalytic reaction tank and a capillary tube, the high-concentration hydrogen peroxide storage tank is connected with the catalytic reaction tank, the electromagnetic valve is arranged on the pipeline between the high-concentration hydrogen peroxide storage tank and the catalytic reaction tank, and the catalytic reaction tank is connected with the combustion chamber through the capillary tube. The igniter can meet the requirement of multiple test ignition under the condition of ensuring safety, and has low transportation, storage and manufacturing costs.
Description
Technical Field
The utility model relates to the technical field of rocket engine research and development, in particular to a rocket engine single-component igniter.
Background
The main uses of the liquid rocket engine at present are nontoxic environment-friendly propellants such as liquid oxygen, liquid methane, liquid hydrogen and space kerosene. The oxidizer of the green propellant and the fuel meet to fail to self-ignite, and a special igniter is required to ignite both propellants to burn. Igniter technology is one of key technologies of rocket engines, liquid rocket engines generally have the requirement of multiple starting, and common rocket engine igniters have two types, namely solid gunpowder type igniters and torch type igniters. In the ground development stage of the engine, the solid powder type igniter is mainly used for testing the engine, so that data are collected for research.
The solid powder igniter belongs to the field of initiating explosive devices, and has strict regulations for transportation and storage, and the solid powder igniter can be used only by applying corresponding qualification, and has high transportation and storage cost. And the solid powder igniter has high manufacturing cost, and the solid powder igniter can only be used once, so that the transportation, storage and manufacturing cost of the solid powder igniter bring much trouble and cost to the test of the engine when the test is frequent.
Disclosure of Invention
Aiming at the defects of the prior art, the utility model develops the rocket engine single-component igniter which can meet the requirement of multiple test ignition under the condition of ensuring safety and has low transportation, storage and manufacturing costs.
The technical scheme for solving the technical problems is as follows: the embodiment of the utility model provides a rocket engine unit igniter which is arranged above a combustion chamber of a rocket engine, wherein the combustion chamber is connected with a fuel pipeline and an oxidant pipeline, the igniter for engine test run comprises a high-concentration hydrogen peroxide storage tank, an electromagnetic valve, a catalytic reaction tank and a capillary tube, the high-concentration hydrogen peroxide storage tank is connected with the catalytic reaction tank, the electromagnetic valve is arranged on the pipeline between the high-concentration hydrogen peroxide storage tank and the catalytic reaction tank, and the catalytic reaction tank is connected with the combustion chamber through the capillary tube.
As optimization, the rocket engine single-component igniter further comprises an inflation valve and a high-pressure air cavity, wherein the inflation valve is connected with the high-pressure air cavity, and the high-concentration hydrogen peroxide storage tank is arranged in the high-pressure air cavity.
As optimization, the catalyst in the catalytic reaction tank is one or more of Pt, ag, cr, mnO, feCl3, cuO and catalase.
Preferably, the high-concentration hydrogen peroxide storage tank is made of telescopic stainless steel.
Preferably, the high-concentration hydrogen peroxide storage tank is made of spring steel.
As optimization, the tank wall of the longitudinal interface of the high-concentration hydrogen peroxide storage tank is wavy.
As optimization, the bottom of the high-concentration hydrogen peroxide storage tank is round.
As optimization, a unidirectional channel is also arranged between the catalytic reaction tank and the capillary tube.
As optimization, the unidirectional channel comprises a high-temperature airflow cavity, a spring, an elastic sealing ring, a spring sleeve, a sealing plate and a capillary interface, wherein the top of the high-temperature airflow cavity is a conical top cover provided with a plurality of through holes, the sealing plate is arranged at the bottom of the high-temperature airflow cavity, the spring is arranged in the high-temperature airflow cavity, the elastic sealing ring is arranged between the spring and the conical top cover of the high-temperature airflow cavity, the elastic sealing ring is conical corresponding to the top cover of the high-temperature airflow cavity, and the capillary interface is arranged on the sealing plate.
As optimization, the inside of the high-temperature airflow cavity and the outside of the spring are provided with spring sleeves.
The effects provided in the summary of the utility model are merely effects of embodiments, not all effects of the utility model, and the above technical solution has the following advantages or beneficial effects:
1. the igniter can meet the requirement of multiple test ignition under the condition of ensuring safety, and has low transportation, storage and manufacturing costs.
2. The high-concentration hydrogen peroxide storage tank is made of telescopic stainless steel, so that the storage tank has the capability of compressive deformation and good compatibility with hydrogen peroxide, and the long-term safe and repeated use of the device can be ensured. When the device is used, the electromagnetic valve is controlled to be opened, and the storage tank deforms under the pressure of the high-pressure air cavity, so that liquid in the storage tank is extruded to enter the catalytic reaction tank through the electromagnetic valve.
3. The tank wall of the longitudinal interface of the high-concentration hydrogen peroxide storage tank is wavy, and the bottom of the tank wall is circular, so that the compressive deformability of the storage tank is improved.
4. The spring housing limits the shape of the spring and avoids failure.
Drawings
Fig. 1 is a schematic diagram of an embodiment of the present utility model.
Fig. 2 is a schematic diagram of an embodiment of a unidirectional channel.
Detailed Description
In order to clearly illustrate the technical features of the present solution, the present utility model will be described in detail below with reference to the following detailed description and the accompanying drawings. The present utility model may repeat reference numerals and/or letters in the various examples. This repetition is for the purpose of simplicity and clarity and does not in itself dictate a relationship between the various embodiments and/or configurations discussed. It should be noted that the components in the drawings are not necessarily to scale. Descriptions of well-known components and processing techniques and processes are omitted so as to not unnecessarily obscure the present utility model. The terms "center," "upper," "lower," "left," "right," "vertical," "horizontal," "inner," "outer," and the like are merely used for convenience of description and to simplify the description, and do not denote or imply that the devices or elements being referred to must have a particular orientation, be constructed and operated in a particular orientation, and thus should not be construed as limiting the utility model. The terms "mounted," "connected," and "coupled" are to be broadly interpreted as referring to either a fixed connection, a removable connection, or an integral connection; can be mechanically or electrically connected; can be directly connected or indirectly connected through an intermediate medium, and can be communication between two elements. The specific meaning of the above terms in the present utility model can be understood by those of ordinary skill in the art according to the specific circumstances.
Fig. 1 and fig. 2 show an embodiment of the present utility model, as shown in the drawing, a single-component igniter of a rocket engine is disposed above a combustion chamber 8 of the rocket engine, the combustion chamber 8 is connected with a fuel pipeline 9 and an oxidant pipeline 10, the igniter for engine test run comprises a high-concentration hydrogen peroxide storage tank 3, an electromagnetic valve 5, a catalytic reaction tank 6 and a capillary tube 7, the high-concentration hydrogen peroxide storage tank 3 is connected with the catalytic reaction tank 6, the electromagnetic valve 5 is disposed on a pipeline between the high-concentration hydrogen peroxide storage tank 3 and the catalytic reaction tank 6, and the catalytic reaction tank 6 is connected with the combustion chamber 8 through the capillary tube 7. The rocket engine single-component igniter further comprises an inflation valve 1 and a high-pressure air cavity 2, the inflation valve 1 is connected with the high-pressure air cavity 2, and a high-concentration hydrogen peroxide storage tank 3 is arranged in the high-pressure air cavity 2.
The high-concentration hydrogen peroxide storage tank 3 is provided with a charging port 11, and the charging port 11 is provided with a valve. The electromagnetic valve 5 is opened, and the gas in the high-pressure gas cavity 2 pushes the high-concentration hydrogen peroxide to flow into the catalytic reaction tank 6, so that the high-concentration hydrogen peroxide is decomposed and gasified under the action of the catalyst to generate mixed gas with the temperature of more than 700 ℃. The mixed gas enters the combustion chamber through the capillary tube, mixes with the fuel and the oxidizer entered through the fuel pipe 9 and the oxidizer pipe 10, and ignites the fuel. After ignition is completed, the electromagnetic valve 5 is closed, and the combustion chamber 8 forms stable flame. Before use, the high-concentration hydrogen peroxide storage tank 3 is filled through the filling opening 11, and then the high-pressure air cavity 2 is pressurized to a specified pressure through the charging valve 1. The ignition start time and duration can be controlled by the solenoid valve 5 according to the timing. The igniter can meet the requirement of multiple test ignition under the condition of ensuring safety, and has low transportation, storage and manufacturing costs.
The catalyst in the catalytic reaction tank 6 is Pt, ag, cr, mnO 2 、FeCl 3 One or more of CuO and catalase.
Hydrogen peroxide has a peroxy bond, and O in-O-is not in the lowest oxidation state, so that the hydrogen peroxide is unstable and is easy to break. The catalyst can accelerate the decomposition of hydrogen peroxide by irradiation or heating of light with the wavelength of 320-380 nm at normal temperature. The catalysis of hydrogen peroxide is mainly as follows: a. heavy metal oxidationThe resultant material immediately decomposes to release oxygen. Examples: h 2 O 2 +MnO 2 ＝H 2 MnO 4 H 2 MnO 4 +H 2 O 2 ＝MnO 2 +O 2 +2H 2 O. b. Hydrogen peroxide is easily decomposed into oxygen and water under alkaline conditions, and hydroxide makes the solution alkaline, which is favorable for the decomposition of hydrogen peroxide. Soluble bases are generally more corrosive, poorly soluble bases are unstable and costly, and this is not generally done. c. Catalysis of catalase: the catalytic decomposition of H2O2 solution with shredded potato shows that the catalase continuously produced in the organism can promote H 2 O 2 Rapidly disintegrates, and this enzyme is widely present in animal and plant tissues. d. Metal salt solution: the copper sulfate solution has no obvious catalysis phenomenon, the ferric trichloride solution has obvious phenomenon, and the speed is similar to the catalysis of ferric oxide. The catalytic reaction tank 6 has a length of 50mm and a diameter of 50mm. The catalytic reaction tank 6 is filled with a fine-particle catalyst to suppress pressure pulsation of the decomposition chamber and to improve the working stability of the thrust chamber.
The high-concentration hydrogen peroxide storage tank 3 is made of telescopic stainless steel. The high-concentration hydrogen peroxide storage tank 3 is made of telescopic stainless steel, so that the storage tank has the capability of compressive deformation and good compatibility with hydrogen peroxide, and the long-term safe and repeated use of the device can be ensured. When in use, the electromagnetic valve 5 is controlled to be opened, and the storage tank is deformed under the pressure of the high-pressure air cavity 2, so that the liquid in the storage tank is extruded to enter the catalytic reaction tank 6 through the electromagnetic valve 5. The high-concentration hydrogen peroxide storage tank 3 is made of spring steel. The tank wall of the longitudinal interface of the high-concentration hydrogen peroxide storage tank 3 is wavy. The bottom of the high-concentration hydrogen peroxide storage tank 3 is round. The tank wall of the longitudinal interface of the high-concentration hydrogen peroxide storage tank 3 is wavy, and the bottom of the tank wall is circular, so that the compression deformation capacity of the storage tank is improved. A unidirectional passage 4 is also arranged between the catalytic reaction tank 6 and the capillary tube 7.
As shown in fig. 2, the unidirectional channel 4 includes a high temperature airflow cavity 41, a spring 42, an elastic sealing ring 43, a spring sleeve 44, a sealing plate 45, and a capillary interface 46, the top of the high temperature airflow cavity 41 is a conical top cover provided with a plurality of through holes, the bottom is provided with the sealing plate 45, the spring 42 is disposed in the high temperature airflow cavity 41, the elastic sealing ring 43 is disposed between the spring 42 and the conical top cover of the high temperature airflow cavity 41, the elastic sealing ring 43 is a cone corresponding to the top cover of the high temperature airflow cavity 41, and the capillary interface 46 is provided on the sealing plate 45. The high-temperature mixed gas generated by the catalytic reaction tank 6 enters and extrudes the elastic sealing ring 43 through the through hole of the top cover of the high-temperature airflow cavity 41, enters the high-temperature airflow cavity 41 from the side surface of the elastic sealing ring, then enters the capillary through the capillary interface 46 on the sealing plate 45, and finally enters the combustion chamber. The spring housing 44 is provided inside the high temperature air flow chamber 41 and outside the spring 42. The spring housing 44 limits the profile of the spring 42 to avoid failure.
While the foregoing description of the embodiments of the present utility model has been presented with reference to the drawings, it is not intended to limit the scope of the utility model, but rather, on the basis of the technical solutions, various modifications or variations can be made by those skilled in the art without the need of inventive effort.
Claims (9)
1. The utility model provides a rocket engine single unit igniter, sets up in rocket engine's combustion chamber (8) top, and fuel pipeline (9) and oxidant pipeline (10) are connected to combustion chamber (8), characterized by: the igniter for the engine test run comprises a high-concentration hydrogen peroxide storage tank (3), an electromagnetic valve (5), a catalytic reaction tank (6) and a capillary tube (7), wherein the high-concentration hydrogen peroxide storage tank (3) is connected with the catalytic reaction tank (6), the electromagnetic valve (5) is arranged on a pipeline between the high-concentration hydrogen peroxide storage tank (3) and the catalytic reaction tank (6), and the catalytic reaction tank (6) is connected with a combustion chamber (8) through the capillary tube (7).
2. A rocket engine unit igniter according to claim 1, further comprising an inflation valve (1) and a high-pressure air chamber (2), wherein the inflation valve (1) is connected with the high-pressure air chamber (2), and the high-concentration hydrogen peroxide storage tank (3) is arranged in the high-pressure air chamber (2).
3. A rocket engine unit igniter according to claim 1, wherein said high concentration hydrogen peroxide storage tank (3) is made of telescopic stainless steel.
4. A rocket motor unit igniter according to claim 3, wherein said high concentration hydrogen peroxide storage tank (3) is made of spring steel.
5. A rocket engine unit igniter according to claim 1, wherein the tank wall of the longitudinal interface of the high concentration hydrogen peroxide tank (3) is wave-shaped.
6. A rocket engine unit igniter according to claim 1, wherein the bottom of the high concentration hydrogen peroxide storage tank (3) is circular.
7. A rocket engine unit igniter according to claim 1, wherein a unidirectional passage (4) is also provided between the catalytic reaction tank (6) and the capillary tube (7).
8. The rocket engine unit igniter of claim 7, wherein the unidirectional passage (4) comprises a high-temperature airflow cavity (41), a spring (42), an elastic sealing ring (43), a spring sleeve (44), a sealing plate (45) and a capillary interface (46), the top of the high-temperature airflow cavity (41) is a conical top cover provided with a plurality of through holes, the bottom of the high-temperature airflow cavity is provided with the sealing plate (45), the spring (42) is arranged in the high-temperature airflow cavity (41), the elastic sealing ring (43) is arranged between the spring (42) and the conical top cover of the high-temperature airflow cavity (41), the elastic sealing ring (43) is conical corresponding to the top cover of the high-temperature airflow cavity (41), and the sealing plate (45) is provided with the capillary interface (46).
9. A rocket engine unit igniter according to claim 8, wherein the inside of said high temperature air flow chamber (41) and the outside of the spring (42) are provided with spring sleeves (44).
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN202222577201.0U CN219452252U (en) | 2022-09-28 | 2022-09-28 | Rocket engine single component igniter |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN202222577201.0U CN219452252U (en) | 2022-09-28 | 2022-09-28 | Rocket engine single component igniter |
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| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| CN219452252U true CN219452252U (en) | 2023-08-01 |
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| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN202222577201.0U Active CN219452252U (en) | 2022-09-28 | 2022-09-28 | Rocket engine single component igniter |
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| CN (1) | CN219452252U (en) |
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- 2022-09-28 CN CN202222577201.0U patent/CN219452252U/en active Active
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