CN219439380U - Self-unlocking steel plate capable of achieving single-axial micro-motion and fixing system thereof - Google Patents

Abstract

The utility model provides a self-unlocking steel plate capable of realizing monoaxial micro-motion and a fixing system thereof, wherein the self-unlocking steel plate comprises a steel plate main body, a mounting hole is formed in the steel plate main body, the mounting hole comprises a first hole section with internal threads and a second hole section with a smooth inner wall, the second hole section is arranged below the first hole section, the self-unlocking steel plate fixing system comprises a self-unlocking steel plate capable of realizing monoaxial micro-motion, a common screw and a locking tail cap, the common screw comprises a screw rod with external threads at the tail part and an inverted truncated cone-shaped unthreaded head arranged above the screw rod, the end face of the unthreaded head is a plane, and threads matched with threaded holes of the first hole section are arranged on the outer wall of the locking tail cap. The utility model has simple structure and reasonable design, can fully provide initial stability, allows the patient to bear weight for early stage, and gradually reduces the stability in the process of activity so as to provide a steel plate screw fixing mode for elastically fixing and stimulating porosis.

Description

Self-unlocking steel plate capable of achieving single-axial micro-motion and fixing system thereof

Technical Field

The utility model relates to the technical field of orthopedic medical instruments, in particular to a self-unlocking steel plate capable of realizing monoaxial micro-motion and a fixing system thereof.

Background

The common steel plate is required to be pressurized by a screw, and the stability is provided by virtue of the friction force between the interfaces of the steel plate and the bones, and the fracture nonunion and internal fixation failure are easy to occur due to the fact that the periosteum is pressurized to influence the blood supply of fracture healing. The screw for locking the steel plate is locked on the steel plate through threads, is stable without depending on friction between bones and interfaces of the steel plate, can not contact with bones, and can not press periosteum to influence blood supply required by fracture healing. However, in clinical use, it has been found that the locking steel plate is too stiff to allow for a lack of micro-motion between the fractured pieces, difficult to stimulate callus formation, and prone to fracture disunion and fixation failure. How to keep the stability of the locking steel plate and the micro-motion of the fracture broken end which is beneficial to the formation of porosis, many students think of far cortex locking (far cortical locking) and active steel plate (active plate) technology. However, the initial stability of the distal cortex locking screw and the movable steel plate is significantly reduced, and although the stability is reduced, the fixation is failed, and the movable steel plate is complicated in design and difficult to manufacture, which limit the clinical use of the distal cortex locking screw and the movable steel plate, and both remain in the preclinical research stage for many years.

Disclosure of Invention

In view of the above-described deficiencies of the prior art, the present utility model provides a steel plate screw fixation that provides adequate initial stability, allows early weight-bearing activity in the patient, and gradually decreases stability during activity to provide elastic fixation to stimulate callus formation.

The technical scheme provided by the utility model is as follows: the utility model provides a can realize single axial fine motion from unblock steel sheet, includes the steel sheet main part, the mounting hole has been seted up on the steel sheet main part, the mounting hole is including the first hole section that has the internal thread and set up the second hole section that has smooth inner wall in first hole section below, the inner wall of second hole section inwards protrudes gradually, and the export of second hole section is greater than transverse diameter 0-20mm along the longitudinal diameter of steel sheet main part major axis direction, makes things convenient for ordinary screw to penetrate fixedly.

Further, the first hole section is a cylindrical threaded hole, a striking color line mark is arranged on the inner wall of the junction of the first hole section and the second hole section, the longitudinal diameter and the transverse diameter of the second hole section are gradually reduced, and the outlet of the second hole section is rectangular, square or elliptical.

Further, the bisecting plane of the outlet transverse diameter of the second hole section is on the same plane as the bisecting plane of the first hole section transverse diameter.

The mounting holes can be formed in a plurality of ways according to requirements.

The utility model provides another technical scheme that: the utility model provides a can realize single axial fine motion from unblock steel sheet fixing system, include from the unblock steel sheet and with from unblock steel sheet complex ordinary screw and locking tail cap, ordinary screw includes the screw rod of the external screw thread of afterbody and the screwless nail head of the round platform shape of falling that sets up in the screw rod top, screwless nail head's terminal surface is the plane, and the screw driver pressurization recess has been seted up in the centre, locking tail cap is cylindrical, is provided with the screw thread that matches with the screw hole of first hole section on its outer wall, and the head end of locking tail cap is equipped with screw driver locking recess, and after the locking tail cap screw in first hole section, the tail end of locking tail cap and the head end plane of screwless nail head form plane extrusion.

Further, the shapes of the screwdriver pressurizing groove and the screwdriver locking groove are a straight shape, a cross shape, an inner hexagon shape or a quincuncial shape.

Further, the diameter of the bottom of the screwless head is larger than the transverse diameter of the outlet of the second hole section, so that a common screw is prevented from penetrating through the tapping plate main body, the diameter of the head of the screwless head is smaller than the diameter of the second hole Duan Rukou, and the inner diameter of the first hole section is matched with the diameter of the locking tail cap.

Further, the self-unlocking steel plate fixing system further comprises a locking screw used for being fixed with the mounting hole of the steel plate main body, the locking screw comprises a nut section and a screw section which are respectively provided with external threads, the diameter of the nut section is matched with the inner diameter of the first hole section, and the diameter of the screw section is smaller than the diameter of the second hole section.

Further, the top surface of the nut section is provided with a notch matched with the screwdriver.

The utility model provides a steel plate-screw-bone fixing mode which can realize the functions of monoaxial micro-motion and gradual self-unlocking to reduce the bone fixing strength of the steel plate. Because the locking tail cap and the head of the screw are flat presses, the flat is parallel to the longitudinal axis of the plate, allowing the screw to jog with the bone pieces in the axial direction of the plate with less force parallel to the flat (i.e., parallel to the longitudinal axis of the plate). While any force at any angle to the flat will force the screw to tilt, the tilted head will push against the locking tail cap pressed against it creating a pushing force that ejects the tail cap. Because the tail cap does not withdraw immediately due to the non-rotational force, the inclination of the screw head is firmly limited by the tail cap, resulting in a firm limitation of all the tendency of the longitudinal axis of the non-steel plate to jog. When the force forcing the screw head to incline disappears, the force pushing the locking nut to withdraw also disappears, and in the load process of a patient, the vibration formed by the pushing-suspending-pushing-suspending can cause the tail end of the screw to generate the force opposite to the pressed fastening direction, so that the tail cap is unlocked slowly.

Compared with the prior art, the utility model has the beneficial effects that:

(1) The plane compression fit mode of the utility model is different from the mode that the locking screw is locked on the threaded steel plate through the thread at the head end, when a patient bears a load to act, unidirectional sliding is allowed to be formed under a smaller acting force consistent with the plane direction, and because the sliding range on the longitudinal diameter of the steel plate is reserved by the difference of the longitudinal diameter and the transverse diameter of the second hole section, the screw with the bone block is allowed to form micro-motion in the axial direction of the steel plate, and the bone callus growth is stimulated. The micro-motion which is consistent with the axial direction of the diaphysis is, unlike the micro-motion formed by the far-end cortical screw (FCL), is that the screw slides in the steel plate groove, and can not form excessive pressure on the screw, so that deformation and fracture are caused.

(2) When a patient acts on the load, the axial pressure (such as rotation torsion and bending stress) of the non-steel plate, which is applied to the screw by the micro-motion of the bone block, can cause vibration between the screw head and the locking tail cap tightly pressed on the screw, and the vibration can cause the screw head of the screw to generate force opposite to the pressed fastening direction, so that the locking tail cap is unbuckled, the pressing force of the locking tail cap and the screw head is reduced, looseness is formed, and the fixing rigidity is reduced. The planar compression formula of the utility model solves the defect that the existing spherical compression matching mode is difficult to break back, provides a mode which is easier to break back, and the process of reducing the fixed rigidity is gradually carried out, can be monitored, and can be adjusted by controlling the activity intensity of a patient.

(3) The unlocking locking steel plate is provided with two types of screws, one is a locking screw matched with the upper thread of the mounting hole, and the other is a common screw capable of being unlocked. In actual operation, 3 fixing modes can be realized according to the needs: 1) When the nail head of the common screw is contacted with the edge of the steel plate at the lower part of the screw groove, the common screw is continuously screwed in, so that the pressing plate effect of the common steel plate can be realized; 2) And after the nail head of the common screw is contacted with the edge of the steel plate at the lower part of the screw groove, stopping screwing in, and then using a locking tail cap to compress to obtain a self-unlocking function. Because the special drilling sleeve is provided with the prefabricated common screw channel and the screwing depth marking line, compared with the conventional screwing of the common screw locked by press fit (such as FCL), the accurate screwing of the common screw is independent of the hand feeling of an operator and independent of a baffle arranged in front of the steel plate, the probability of abnormal deformation of the steel plate around the fixing hole is reduced, and the probability of broken nails and broken plates is reduced; 3) A locking screw is used.

(4) Unlike the former mode of press fitting and fixing the multi-axial screw into the tail cap, the tail end of the common screw is a plane, and the lock nut and the common screw are extruded in a plane. Micro-motion in a direction parallel to the plane may be provided. The tail end of the existing multi-shaft screw is an arc surface, if a spherical extrusion fixing mode is adopted, the single-shaft micro-motion cannot be provided, if a planar extrusion fixing mode is adopted, the point-to-face press fit is actually adopted, and the initial fixing strength is obviously lower than that of the face-to-face press fit.

Drawings

FIG. 1 is a schematic structural view of a self-unlocking steel plate capable of achieving monoaxial micro-motion;

FIG. 2 is a schematic structural view of a self-unlocking steel plate fixing system capable of achieving monoaxial micro-motion according to the present utility model;

FIG. 3 is a front-to-back comparison of the use state of the present utility model;

FIG. 4 is a front partial cross-sectional view of a self-unlocking steel plate securing system of the present utility model that achieves single-axis jog;

FIG. 5 is a left side partial cross-sectional view of a self-unlocking steel plate securing system of the present utility model that achieves single axial jog;

FIG. 6 is a top cross-sectional view of a self-unlocking steel plate of the present utility model that achieves single-axis jog;

FIG. 7 is a front partial cross-sectional view of a self-unlocking steel plate of the present utility model that achieves single-axis jog;

fig. 8 is a schematic structural view of a general screw of the present utility model;

FIG. 9 is a schematic view of the structure of the utility model for inducing vibration in the locking tail cap during a bone mass micromotion;

in the figure: 1-steel plate main body, 101-first hole section, 102-second hole section, 2-common screw, 201-screw rod, 202-screwless head, 203-screwdriver pressurizing groove, 3-locking tail cap, 301-screw thread, 302-screwdriver locking groove, 4-locking screw, 401-nut section, 402-screw section, 403-notch, 5-drilling sleeve, 6-bone.

Detailed Description

The technical solutions of the present utility model will be clearly and completely described in connection with the embodiments, and it is obvious that the described embodiments are only some embodiments of the present utility model, not all embodiments. All other embodiments, which can be made by those skilled in the art based on the embodiments of the utility model without making any inventive effort, are intended to be within the scope of the utility model.

In the description of the present utility model, it should be noted that the azimuth or positional relationship indicated by the terms "front", "rear", "upper", "lower", etc. are based on the azimuth or positional relationship shown in the drawings, and are merely for convenience of describing the present utility model and simplifying the description, and do not indicate or imply that the apparatus or element referred to must have a specific azimuth, be configured and operated in a specific azimuth, and thus should not be construed as limiting the present utility model. Furthermore, the terms "first," "second," and the like, are used for descriptive purposes only and are not to be construed as indicating or implying relative importance.

In the description of the present utility model, it should be noted that, unless explicitly specified and limited otherwise, the terms "mounted," "provided," "connected," and the like are to be construed broadly, and may be either fixedly connected, detachably connected, or integrally connected, for example; can be mechanically or electrically connected; can be directly connected or indirectly connected through an intermediate medium, and can be communication between two elements. The specific meaning of the above terms in the present utility model will be understood in specific cases by those of ordinary skill in the art.

The self-unlocking steel plate capable of achieving monoaxial micro-motion comprises a steel plate main body 1, wherein a mounting hole is formed in the steel plate main body 1, the mounting hole comprises a first hole section 101 with internal threads and a second hole section 102 with a smooth inner wall, the second hole section 102 is arranged below the first hole section 101, the inner wall of the second hole section 102 protrudes inwards gradually, the longitudinal diameter of an outlet of the second hole section 102 in the long shaft direction of the steel plate main body 1 is 0-20mm larger than the transverse diameter of the outlet of the second hole section, and the common screw 2 can penetrate and fix conveniently.

The first hole section 101 is a cylindrical threaded hole, a striking color line mark is arranged on the inner wall of the junction of the first hole section 101 and the second hole section 102, the longitudinal diameter and the transverse diameter of the second hole section 102 are gradually reduced, and the outlet of the second hole section 102 is rectangular, square or elliptical. The bisecting plane of the outlet transverse diameter of the second bore section 102 is on the same plane as the bisecting plane of the first bore section 101 transverse diameter. The mounting holes can be formed in a plurality of ways according to requirements.

The utility model provides a can realize single axial fine motion from unblock steel sheet fixing system, include from the unblock steel sheet and with from unblock steel sheet complex ordinary screw and locking tail cap 3, ordinary screw 2 includes the screw rod 201 of the external screw thread of afterbody and sets up the screwless pin head 202 of the reverse round platform shape in screw rod 201 top, screwless pin head 202's terminal surface is the plane, has offered screwdriver pressurized groove 203 in the middle, locking tail cap 3 is cylindrical, is provided with the screw 301 that matches with the screw hole of first hole section 101 on its outer wall, and the head end of locking tail cap 3 is equipped with screwdriver locking groove 302, and after the locking tail cap 3 screw in first hole section 101, the tail end of locking tail cap 3 and screwless pin head 202's head end plane form plane extrusion.

The screwdriver pressing groove 203 and the screwdriver locking groove 302 are shaped like a straight line, a cross, an inner hexagon or a quincuncial shape.

The diameter of the bottom of the screwless head 202 is larger than the transverse diameter of the outlet of the second hole section 102, so that the common screw 2 is prevented from penetrating through the steel plate main body 1, the diameter of the head of the screwless head 202 is smaller than the diameter of the inlet of the second hole section 102, and the inner diameter of the first hole section 101 is matched with the diameter of the locking tail cap 3.

The self-unlocking steel plate fixing system further comprises a locking screw 4 used for being fixed with the mounting hole of the steel plate main body 1, the locking screw 4 comprises a nut section 401 and a screw section 402 which are respectively provided with external threads, the diameter of the nut section 401 is matched with the inner diameter of the first hole section 101, and the diameter of the screw section 402 is smaller than the diameter of the second hole section 102.

The top surface of the nut section 401 is provided with a recess 403 for use with a screwdriver.

The self-unlocking steel plate fixing system further comprises a drilling sleeve 5, the drilling sleeve 5 is a hollow cylinder, the outer diameter of the drilling sleeve 5 is identical to the inner diameter of the first hole section 101, and threads matched with the threaded holes of the first hole section 101 are arranged on the outer wall of the drilling sleeve 5.

The first hole section and the second hole section of the steel plate main body form screw grooves, and the upper part of the steel plate main body is provided with threads which are matched with external threads of the locking tail cap and are used for being screwed into the locking tail cap to form extrusion force on a common screw head in the lower part groove hole. The screw channel of the second bore section is unthreaded.

The common screw 2 is screwed in through the bone canal drilled by the drilling sleeve 5, and is screwed in into the bone through the screw groove on the steel plate main body 1, and when the nail head of the screw is in contact with the edge of the steel plate at the lower part of the screw groove, the screw is stopped, namely, the screw is just tightly attached to the steel plate of the second hole Duan Bianyuan when the screw is screwed to the marking line, so that the steel plate is not pushed forward, and the steel plate is prevented from being extruded. The threaded locking tail cap is screwed into the threaded hole at the upper part of the steel plate screw groove and is pressed on the nail head of the common screw. Because no screwing force is applied to the common screw, the common screw does not press the steel plate to advance, but is tightly pressed together with the edge of the steel plate slot hole blocked in front to form firm fixation.

The part of the extrusion formed by the common screw head and the locking tail cap is an inverted truncated cone-shaped part of the screw head, the locking tail cap and the common screw head form plane extrusion, when limbs bear weight and move, the force parallel to the plane can generate micro motion parallel to the plane, the parallel movement larger than the micro motion range can be prevented, and the screw head is blocked by the wall of the steel plate groove and can generate force which is angled to the moving plane. However, the locking tail cap tightly presses the head of the screw to prevent the screw from moving at an angle, so that the screw is virtually resistant to axial initial fixing, and in the same way, any force which is angled to the plane can cause the head of the screw to form angular deformation in that direction, and the deformation is tightly pressed by the locking tail cap, so that initial fixing force which is resistant to torsion and bending is formed. When the limbs bear weight and move, the axial micro-motion limit and torsion are repeatedly broken through, in the bending process, the common screw can vibrate at an angle with the longitudinal axis direction of the steel plate, and the repeated vibration can enable the tail end of the screw to generate force opposite to the pressed fastening direction, so that the locking tail cap is unlocked. Loosening, i.e., gradual self-unlocking, is formed.

The actual fixing process of the utility model is shown in fig. 3, one end (section A) of the fracture is fixed by using a locking screw, and the other end (section B) of the fracture is fixed by adopting a locking nut which can be uniaxially jogged and is self-unlocked and is matched with a common screw on a steel plate in a pressing way. In the loading process, the B-section bone block and the screw fixed on the B-section bone block can easily obtain reserved micro-motion consistent with the axial direction of the steel plate, the callus healing is stimulated, the micro-motion tendency exceeding the pre-fabricated micro-motion distance is limited by the steel plate main body at the edge of the slotted hole, and the micro-motion tendency inconsistent with the axial direction of the steel plate is limited by the locking tail cap. After repeated load-bearing activities, the locking tail cap gradually relaxes the limit on the screw due to the back-buckling principle, so as to realize the self-unlocking process, further form micro-motion of fracture in multiaxial direction and stimulate callus growth.

The foregoing description is only illustrative of the present utility model and is not intended to limit the scope of the utility model, and all equivalent structures or equivalent processes or direct or indirect application in other related technical fields are included in the scope of the present utility model.

Claims (9)

1. The utility model provides a can realize single axial fine motion from unblock steel sheet, includes steel sheet main part (1), set up the mounting hole on steel sheet main part (1), its characterized in that: the mounting hole comprises a first hole section (101) with internal threads and a second hole section (102) with a smooth inner wall, wherein the second hole section (102) is arranged below the first hole section (101), the inner wall of the second hole section (102) gradually protrudes inwards, the longitudinal diameter of an outlet of the second hole section (102) along the long axis direction of the steel plate main body (1) is 0-20mm greater than the transverse diameter, and the common screw (2) can conveniently penetrate and fix.

2. The self-unlocking steel plate capable of realizing single-axial micro-motion according to claim 1, wherein the self-unlocking steel plate is characterized in that: the first hole section (101) is a cylindrical threaded hole, a striking color line mark is arranged on the inner wall of the junction of the first hole section (101) and the second hole section (102), the longitudinal diameter and the transverse diameter of the second hole section (102) are gradually reduced, and the outlet of the second hole section (102) is rectangular, square or elliptical.

3. The self-unlocking steel plate capable of realizing single-axial micro-motion according to claim 2, wherein the self-unlocking steel plate is characterized in that: the bisecting plane of the outlet transverse diameter of the second hole section (102) is on the same plane with the bisecting plane of the transverse diameter of the first hole section (101).

4. The self-unlocking steel plate capable of realizing single-axial micro-motion according to claim 1, wherein the self-unlocking steel plate is characterized in that: the mounting holes can be formed in a plurality of ways according to requirements.

5. The utility model provides a can realize single axial fine motion from unblock steel sheet fixing system, includes from the unblock steel sheet and with from unblock steel sheet complex ordinary screw, its characterized in that, from the unblock steel sheet be the above-mentioned any one of claims 1 to 4 can realize single axial fine motion from the unblock steel sheet, from unblock steel sheet fixing system still includes locking tail cap (3), ordinary screw (2) include the screw rod (201) of the external screw thread of afterbody and set up the screwless pin head (202) of the reverse round platform shape in screw rod (201) top, the terminal surface of screwless pin head (202) is the plane, and screw driver pressing groove (203) has been seted up in the centre, locking tail cap (3) is cylindrically, be provided with screw thread (301) with the screw hole matching of first hole section (101) on its outer wall, the head end of locking tail cap (3) is equipped with screw driver locking groove (302), screwless pin head (202) forms plane extrusion with the contact surface of locking tail cap (3).

6. The self-unlocking steel plate fixing system capable of achieving single-axial micro-motion according to claim 5, wherein: the screwdriver pressurizing groove (203) and the screwdriver locking groove (302) are in a shape of a straight line, a cross, an inner hexagon or a quincuncial shape.

7. The self-unlocking steel plate fixing system capable of achieving single-axial micro-motion according to claim 5, wherein: the diameter of the bottom of the screwless nail head (202) is larger than the transverse diameter of the outlet of the second hole section (102), a common screw (2) is prevented from penetrating through the steel plate main body (1), the diameter of the head of the screwless nail head (202) is smaller than the diameter of the inlet of the second hole section (102), and the inner diameter of the first hole section (101) is matched with the diameter of the locking tail cap (3).

8. The self-unlocking steel plate fixing system capable of achieving single-axial micro-motion according to claim 5, wherein: the self-unlocking steel plate fixing system further comprises a locking screw (4) used for being fixed with the mounting hole of the steel plate main body (1), the locking screw (4) comprises a nut section (401) and a screw section (402) which are respectively provided with external threads, the diameter of the nut section (401) is matched with the inner diameter of the first hole section (101), and the diameter of the screw section (402) is smaller than the diameter of the second hole section (102).

9. The self-unlocking steel plate fixing system capable of achieving single-axial micro-motion according to claim 8, wherein: the top surface of the nut section (401) is provided with a notch (403) matched with a screwdriver.