CN219439306U - Adjustable expansion drill for femoral head - Google Patents

Abstract

The utility model discloses an adjustable expansion drill for a femoral head, which belongs to the technical field of medical appliances, and comprises a protective sleeve with a closed head end and an inner core which is positioned in the protective sleeve and is in sliding connection with the protective sleeve, wherein: the head of the protective sleeve is hinged with a blade, and the side surface of the head of the protective sleeve is provided with a blade groove; the head of the inner core drives the connecting blade so that the blade can rotate to extend out of the cutter groove; the rear part of the femoral head adjustable expansion drill is provided with an adjusting device, and the adjusting device can drive the inner core to move along the axial direction. The utility model can randomly adjust and control the angle of the cutter head, meets the requirements of cutting holes with different diameters, has small drilling diameter, large internal diameter and small external diameter of the cut hole structure, and can not easily flow out filled materials, thereby meeting the requirements of bone grafting.

Description

Adjustable expansion drill for femoral head

Technical Field

The utility model relates to the technical field of medical appliances, in particular to an adjustable expansion drill for a femoral head.

Background

Ischemic necrosis (AVN) of femoral head, also known as femoral head necrosis (ONFH), is a disease that causes interruption or damage of femoral head blood supply, death and subsequent repair of bone cells and bone marrow components, and then causes structural change of femoral head, collapse of femoral head, joint dysfunction, and is a common refractory disease in the orthopaedics field. The diseases can be divided into two major categories, namely traumatic and non-traumatic, the former is mainly caused by hip trauma such as fracture of femoral neck, dislocation of hip joint and the like, and the latter is mainly caused by corticosteroid application and alcoholism in China.

Ischemic necrosis of femoral head is a common frequently occurring disease, mainly for middle-aged and young people, which brings pain to patients and is inconvenient to walk. Surgical treatments include core decompression, vascular pedicle grafting, osteotomy, joint replacement, and the like. The core decompression operation is to drive the Kirschner wire into the necrosis area of femoral head under the condition of perspective operation, to confirm the necrosis area of femoral head through the side position and the right position of perspective operation, to drive a hollow drill (expanding drill) along the Kirschner wire, to expand the decompression range of the necrosis area of femoral head with the hollow drill, and to perform local bone grafting filling after decompression to prevent the femoral head from collapsing.

Currently, the expansion drill used in the core decompression is generally an arc drill, a memory alloy cutter head or a common drill. These approaches have the following problems at the time of surgery: 1) The cutter head angle is fixed, the resistance is large, and the cutting is difficult; 2) The opening angle of the cutting edge is limited, so that the cutting edge cannot be cleanly cut, or the cutting edge angle is too large, so that the cutting edge is easy to cut and healthy, and tissue does not need to be cut; 3) The blade is not easy to recycle; 4) The cutting holes do not meet the bone grafting requirements.

Disclosure of Invention

The utility model aims to solve the technical problem of providing the femoral head adjustable expansion drill which can be used for randomly adjusting and controlling the angle of a cutter head, has small drilling diameter and meets the bone grafting requirement.

In order to solve the technical problems, the utility model provides the following technical scheme:

an adjustable expansion of femoral head bores, includes head end confined protective sheath and is located in the protective sheath with protective sheath sliding connection's inner core, wherein:

a blade is hinged in the head of the protective sleeve, and a cutter groove is formed in the side face of the head of the protective sleeve;

the head of the inner core is in driving connection with the blade so that the blade can rotate to extend out of the cutter groove;

the rear part of the femoral head adjustable expansion drill is provided with an adjusting device, and the adjusting device can drive the inner core to move along the axial direction.

Further, adjusting device includes adjusting collar, connection swivel nut and connecting piece, wherein:

one end of the connecting screw sleeve, which is far away from the adjusting sleeve, is connected with the protective sleeve, and the inner core penetrates through the connecting screw sleeve and is connected with the connecting piece;

the adjusting sleeve is in threaded connection with the connecting threaded sleeve and is axially fixed with the connecting piece and in circumferential rotatable connection, and the adjusting sleeve can move so as to drive the inner core to move along the axial direction through the connecting piece.

Further, the connecting piece is provided with an annular rotary groove, the adjusting sleeve is provided with a pin, and the pin extends into the rotary groove;

and/or the connecting piece is a connecting rotating shaft, a through hole is formed in one end, far away from the connecting screw sleeve, of the adjusting sleeve, and one end, far away from the connecting screw sleeve, of the connecting rotating shaft extends out of the adjusting sleeve through the through hole.

Further, a plug is arranged at the opening of the head end of the protective sleeve;

and/or the blade is a right angle blade or an arc blade;

and/or the knife slot is a rectangular slot extending along the length direction of the protective sleeve.

Further, a hinge shaft through hole is formed in one side, close to the cutting edge, of the rear part of the blade, and a pin is arranged in the hinge shaft through hole so as to realize hinge connection between the protective sleeve and the blade;

the rear part of the blade is provided with a movable groove extending obliquely in front of the hinge shaft through hole, the movable groove and the hinge shaft through hole are positioned on the same straight line, and a pin is arranged in the movable groove so as to realize the driving connection of the inner core and the blade.

Further, the head of the inner core is provided with a cutter tail accommodating groove extending along the length direction of the inner core, so that two-flap connecting arms are formed at the head, wherein:

a pin hole is formed in one side, far away from the blade edge, of each connecting arm;

and/or each flap connecting arm is provided with an avoidance groove at one side close to the blade edge.

Further, one end of the connecting screw sleeve is provided with a protective sleeve hole fixedly connected with the protective sleeve, and the other end of the connecting screw sleeve is provided with a moving hole in sliding connection with the connecting piece; the middle part of the connecting screw sleeve is provided with an inner core hole which is in sliding connection with the inner core, and the diameter of the inner core hole is smaller than that of the protecting sleeve hole and is also smaller than that of the moving hole;

and/or the connecting piece is provided with a limiting groove extending along the length direction of the connecting piece in front of the rotating groove, and the rear part of the connecting screw sleeve is provided with a limiting pin penetrating through the limiting groove.

Further, the adjusting device is further provided with a locking device, the locking device is connected with the connecting screw sleeve, and the locking device limits the adjusting sleeve to move towards the direction of the connecting screw sleeve under the working state.

Further, the connecting screw sleeve is further in threaded connection with a fixing screw sleeve which is used for propping against the front end face of the adjusting sleeve, and the fixing screw sleeve forms the locking device.

Further, axially extending anti-skid grooves are uniformly distributed on the outer surfaces of the adjusting sleeve and the fixing screw sleeve;

and/or the front end of the connecting piece is provided with a counter bore connected with the inner core;

and/or the rear part of the connecting piece is provided with a quick-assembly interface for connecting with an external power device.

The utility model has the following beneficial effects:

the adjustable expansion drill for the femoral head comprises a protective sleeve, an inner core, a blade and an adjusting device, wherein the head end of the protective sleeve is closed, so that excessive cutting can be avoided, the adjustable expansion drill for the femoral head is prevented from being too deep, and the femoral head is protected; the blade is articulated in the head of protective sheath, and the head side of protective sheath is equipped with the sword groove, thereby the head drive of inner core connects the blade to thereby make the blade can rotate and stretch out from the sword groove, can adjust the control tool bit angle at will like this, satisfy the requirement of different diameter cutting holes, the drilling diameter is little, and the inside diameter of the hole structure of cutting is big, and the outside diameter is little, and the material of filling is difficult to flow, satisfies the bone grafting requirement, avoids or delays hip joint replacement time.

Drawings

FIG. 1 is a schematic view of the overall structure of the femoral head adjustable expansion drill of the present utility model;

fig. 2 is a schematic cross-sectional view of an adjustable expansion drill for a femoral head according to the present utility model;

FIG. 3 is a schematic structural view of the plug of FIG. 1, wherein (a) is a front structural view and (b) is a side structural view;

FIG. 4 is a schematic view of the blade of FIG. 1, wherein (a) is a schematic view of one configuration and (b) is a schematic view of another configuration;

FIG. 5 is a schematic view of the protective cover in FIG. 1, wherein (a) is a front view structure diagram and (b) is a cross-sectional view structure diagram;

fig. 6 is a schematic structural view of the core of fig. 1, wherein (a) is a front structural view and (b) is a top structural view;

FIG. 7 is a schematic view showing the structure of the connecting screw sleeve of FIG. 1, wherein (a) is an external structure view and (b) is a sectional structure view;

FIG. 8 is a schematic view of the fixing insert of FIG. 1, wherein (a) is a front view and (b) is a cross-sectional view;

FIG. 9 is a schematic view of the stopper pin of FIG. 1;

FIG. 10 is a schematic view of the structure of the adjusting sleeve of FIG. 1, wherein (a) is an external structure view and (b) is a sectional structure view;

fig. 11 is a schematic structural view of the connector in fig. 1, in which (a) is an external structural view, (b) is a sectional structural view, and (c) is a tail end face structural view.

Detailed Description

In order to make the technical problems, technical solutions and advantages to be solved more apparent, the following detailed description will be given with reference to the accompanying drawings and specific embodiments.

The utility model provides an adjustable expansion drill for a femoral head, which is shown in figures 1-11, and comprises a protective sleeve 1 with a closed head end and an inner core 2 which is positioned in the protective sleeve 1 and is in sliding connection with the protective sleeve 1, wherein:

the head of the protective sleeve 1 is hinged with a blade 3, and the side surface of the head of the protective sleeve 1 is provided with a cutter groove 11;

the head of the core 2 drives the connecting blade 3 so that the blade 3 can rotate to protrude from the pocket 11;

the rear part of the femoral head adjustable expansion drill is provided with an adjusting device which can drive the inner core 2 to move along the axial direction.

During operation, a tunnel hole reaching the femoral head is formed at the femoral head greater trochanter, then the front end of the adjustable expansion drill of the femoral head is stretched into the tunnel hole, the blade 3 is contracted in the protective sleeve 1 and is not exposed (refer to figure 2), then the adjusting device is adjusted, the inner core 2 moves in the inner hole 14 of the protective sleeve 1, the inner core 2 drives the blade 3 to rotate, the blade 3 extends out of the cutter groove 11 (refer to figure 1), after the blade 3 is adjusted to a proper angle, the adjustable expansion drill of the femoral head is driven to rotate, and dead bones in the femoral head are cut under the cooperation of X-ray or other perspective equipment.

The adjustable expansion drill for the femoral head comprises a protective sleeve, an inner core, a blade and an adjusting device, wherein the head end of the protective sleeve is closed, so that excessive cutting can be avoided, the adjustable expansion drill for the femoral head is prevented from being too deep, and the femoral head is protected; the blade is articulated in the head of protective sheath, and the head side of protective sheath is equipped with the sword groove, thereby the head drive of inner core connects the blade to thereby make the blade can rotate and stretch out from the sword groove, can adjust the control tool bit angle at will like this, satisfy the requirement of different diameter cutting holes, the drilling diameter is little, and the inside diameter of the hole structure of cutting is big, and the outside diameter is little, and the material of filling is difficult to flow, satisfies the bone grafting requirement, avoids or delays hip joint replacement time.

As shown in fig. 1-3, in order to conveniently realize the head end sealing of the protective sleeve 1, a plug 12 may be disposed at the opening of the head end of the protective sleeve 1, and the plug 12 is matched with the protective sleeve 1, and specifically may be welded into a whole, so as to prevent the femoral head from being excessively deep due to adjustable expansion and drilling, and protect the femoral head.

As shown in fig. 4, the blade 3 may be a square blade (fig. 4 (a)) or an arc blade (fig. 4 (b)), and the square blade has high strength and is suitable for cutting a hole having a large diameter; the arc-shaped blade can reduce stress and is suitable for cutting holes with small diameters. As shown in fig. 5, the knife slot 11 may be a rectangular slot extending along the length direction of the protective sleeve 1, so as to facilitate the extension of the knife blade 3; the tool grooves 11 may be provided in a pair on both sides of the head of the protector 1.

As shown in fig. 1 and fig. 4-5, in order to facilitate the connection of the blade 3, a hinge shaft through hole 31 may be provided at one side of the rear portion of the blade 3 near the blade edge, a pin 33 may be provided in the hinge shaft through hole 31, specifically, a pin hole 13 may be provided on the protective sleeve 1, and the pin 33 is connected in the pin hole 13, so as to realize the hinge connection between the protective sleeve 1 and the blade 3;

the rear part of the blade 3 may be provided with a movable groove 32 extending obliquely in front of the hinge shaft through hole 31, the movable groove 32 and the hinge shaft through hole 31 are positioned on the same straight line, and a pin (not shown) is provided in the movable groove 32 to realize driving connection of the inner core 2 and the blade 3.

As shown in fig. 6, to facilitate the head driving of the connecting blade 3 of the core 2, the head of the core 2 may be provided with a tail receiving groove 21 extending in the length direction of the core 2, thereby forming a two-piece connecting arm 22 at the head, wherein:

each connecting arm 22 is provided with a pin hole 23 at one side far away from the edge of the blade 3 for connecting with a pin in a movable groove 32 of the blade 3;

and/or, each flap connecting arm 22 is provided with a avoiding groove 24 on the side close to the edge of the blade 3 so as to avoid interference with the rotation of the blade 3.

The adjusting device is used for driving the inner core 2 to move along the axial direction (i.e. adjusting the relative positions of the protective sleeve 1 and the inner core 2), and various modes which can be easily considered by those skilled in the art, such as linear drawing, etc., however, for convenient implementation and accurate adjustment, the following structural forms are preferably adopted:

as shown in fig. 1-2, the adjustment device may include an adjustment sleeve 7, a connection screw sleeve 5, and a connection piece 4, wherein:

one end (left end in the figure) of the connecting screw sleeve 5 far away from the adjusting sleeve 7 is connected with the protective sleeve 1 (can be welded into a whole), and the inner core 2 is arranged on the connecting screw sleeve 5 in a penetrating way and is connected with the connecting piece 4 (can be welded into a whole);

the adjusting sleeve 7 is in threaded connection with the connecting screw sleeve 5 (namely, the connecting screw sleeve 5 is provided with an external thread 55 (figure 7), the adjusting sleeve 7 is provided with an internal thread 73 (figure 10) matched with the external thread 55) and is in axially fixed and circumferentially rotatable connection with the connecting piece 4, and the adjusting sleeve 7 can move to drive the inner core 2 to move along the axial direction through the connecting piece 4.

When the protective sleeve is used, the adjusting sleeve 7 is rotated, the connecting piece 4 is driven by the adjusting sleeve 7 to axially move, and the inner core 2 is driven to axially move, so that the relative positions of the protective sleeve 1 and the inner core 2 are adjusted.

The axially fixed, circumferentially rotatable connection piece 4 of the adjusting sleeve 7 may take various forms for this purpose, preferably, as shown in fig. 1-2 and 10-11, the connection piece 4 may be provided with an annular rotation groove 41, the adjusting sleeve 7 being provided with a pin 71, which pin 71 extends into the rotation groove 41. Specifically, the adjusting sleeve 7 may be provided with a pin hole 72, and the pin 71 is connected to the pin hole 72, and the pin hole 72 and the pin 71 may be provided in multiple groups.

Further, the connecting piece 4 may be a connecting rotating shaft, one end (right end in the drawing) of the adjusting sleeve 7 away from the connecting screw sleeve 5 is provided with a through hole 75, and one end of the connecting rotating shaft away from the connecting screw sleeve 5 extends out of the adjusting sleeve 7 through the through hole 75. The rear part of the adjustable expansion drill of the femoral head can be conveniently connected with an external power device (not shown) by connecting the rotating shaft, and when the adjustable expansion drill of the femoral head is used, the adjustable expansion drill of the femoral head can be driven to rotate by means of the external power device, so that the adjustable expansion drill is convenient to operate, saves more labor, and reduces operation time.

As shown in fig. 7, in order to achieve firm connection between the connection screw 5 and the related components, one end of the connection screw 5 may be provided with a protection sleeve hole 51 fixedly connecting the protection sleeve 1, and the other end may be provided with a moving hole 52 slidably connecting the connection member 4;

the middle part of the connecting screw sleeve 5 can be provided with an inner core hole 53 which is connected with the inner core 2 in a sliding way, and the diameter of the inner core hole 53 is smaller than that of the protecting sleeve hole 51 and also smaller than that of the moving hole 52, so that the moving stability of the inner core 2 can be improved.

In the process of adjusting the relative positions of the protective sheath 1 and the inner core 2, it is preferable that, for convenience in limiting, a limiting groove 42 extending in the length direction of the connecting piece 4 is provided on the connecting piece 4 (i.e., the connecting rotating shaft) in front of the rotating groove 41, and a limiting pin 54 penetrating through the limiting groove 42 is provided at the rear of the connecting screw sleeve 5, as shown in fig. 2, 7, 9 and 11. Specifically, the connecting screw sleeve 5 may be provided with a pin hole 56, and the stopper pin 54 is connected to the pin hole 56.

The adjusting device can also be provided with a locking device which is connected with the connecting screw sleeve 5 and limits the movement of the adjusting sleeve 7 towards the connecting screw sleeve 5 in the working state (namely, the locking device is used for locking after the relative positions of the protective sleeve 1 and the inner core 2 are adjusted). When the adjustable expansion drill is used, after the blade 3 is adjusted to a proper angle, the locking device can be used for locking the adjusting sleeve 7, so that the inner core 2 is locked, the blade 3 is fixed, and then the adjustable expansion drill of the femoral head is driven to rotate, so that dead bones in the femoral head are resected.

The locking means can be in various ways, which can be easily considered by a person skilled in the art, such as a stop with adjustable position inserted on the connecting screw sleeve 5, etc., however, for convenience of implementation, the following structure is preferred:

as shown in fig. 1-2, the connecting screw sleeve 5 is screwed with a fixing screw sleeve 6 for abutting against the front end face of the adjusting sleeve 7 (i.e. the fixing screw sleeve 6 is provided with an internal thread 62 (fig. 8) matched with the external thread 55 of the connecting screw sleeve 5), and the fixing screw sleeve 6 forms a locking device.

As shown in fig. 8 and 10, the outer surfaces of the fixed screw sleeve 6 and the adjusting sleeve 7 can be uniformly provided with axially extending anti-slip grooves 61 and 74 so as to facilitate adjustment; as shown in fig. 11, the front end of the connecting piece 4 (i.e., connecting the rotating shaft) may be provided with a counter bore 43 connecting the inner core 2, and the inner core 2 is installed in the counter bore 43 and may be welded, so that the connection firmness may be improved; the rear part of the connecting piece 4 can be provided with a quick-assembly interface 44 for connecting with an external power device, so as to facilitate quick assembly disassembly connection with the power device.

While the foregoing is directed to the preferred embodiments of the present utility model, it will be appreciated by those skilled in the art that various modifications and adaptations can be made without departing from the principles of the present utility model, and such modifications and adaptations are intended to be comprehended within the scope of the present utility model.

Claims (10)

1. The utility model provides an adjustable expansion of femoral head bores, its characterized in that includes head end confined protective sheath and is located in the protective sheath with protective sheath sliding connection's inner core, wherein:

a blade is hinged in the head of the protective sleeve, and a cutter groove is formed in the side face of the head of the protective sleeve;

the head of the inner core is in driving connection with the blade so that the blade can rotate to extend out of the cutter groove;

the rear part of the femoral head adjustable expansion drill is provided with an adjusting device, and the adjusting device can drive the inner core to move along the axial direction.

2. The adjustable expansion drill of claim 1, wherein the adjustment means comprises an adjustment sleeve, a connection screw sleeve, and a connection piece, wherein:

one end of the connecting screw sleeve, which is far away from the adjusting sleeve, is connected with the protective sleeve, and the inner core penetrates through the connecting screw sleeve and is connected with the connecting piece;

the adjusting sleeve is in threaded connection with the connecting threaded sleeve and is axially fixed with the connecting piece and in circumferential rotatable connection, and the adjusting sleeve can move so as to drive the inner core to move along the axial direction through the connecting piece.

3. The adjustable expansion drill of claim 2, wherein the connector is provided with an annular rotary slot and the adjustment sleeve is provided with a pin extending into the rotary slot;

and/or the connecting piece is a connecting rotating shaft, a through hole is formed in one end, far away from the connecting screw sleeve, of the adjusting sleeve, and one end, far away from the connecting screw sleeve, of the connecting rotating shaft extends out of the adjusting sleeve through the through hole.

4. The adjustable expansion drill of femoral head according to claim 1, wherein a plug is provided at the opening of the head end of the protective sleeve;

and/or the blade is a right angle blade or an arc blade;

and/or the knife slot is a rectangular slot extending along the length direction of the protective sleeve.

5. The adjustable expansion drill of femoral head according to claim 1, wherein a hinge shaft through hole is arranged at one side of the rear part of the blade close to the cutting edge, and a pin is arranged in the hinge shaft through hole so as to realize the hinge connection of the protective sleeve and the blade;

the rear part of the blade is provided with a movable groove extending obliquely in front of the hinge shaft through hole, the movable groove and the hinge shaft through hole are positioned on the same straight line, and a pin is arranged in the movable groove so as to realize the driving connection of the inner core and the blade.

6. The adjustable expansion drill of claim 5, wherein the head of the inner core is provided with a blade tail receiving groove extending along the length of the inner core, thereby forming a two-piece connecting arm at the head, wherein:

a pin hole is formed in one side, far away from the blade edge, of each connecting arm;

and/or each flap connecting arm is provided with an avoidance groove at one side close to the blade edge.

7. The adjustable expansion drill of femoral head according to claim 3, wherein one end of the connecting screw sleeve is provided with a protective sleeve hole fixedly connected with the protective sleeve, and the other end is provided with a moving hole in sliding connection with the connecting piece; the middle part of the connecting screw sleeve is provided with an inner core hole which is in sliding connection with the inner core, and the diameter of the inner core hole is smaller than that of the protecting sleeve hole and is also smaller than that of the moving hole;

and/or the connecting piece is provided with a limiting groove extending along the length direction of the connecting piece in front of the rotating groove, and the rear part of the connecting screw sleeve is provided with a limiting pin penetrating through the limiting groove.

8. The adjustable expansion drill of claim 2, wherein the adjustment device is further provided with a locking device, the locking device is connected with the connecting screw sleeve, and the locking device limits the movement of the adjustment sleeve towards the connecting screw sleeve in the working state.

9. The adjustable expansion drill of claim 8, wherein the connecting screw sleeve is further screwed with a fixing screw sleeve for abutting against the front end face of the adjusting sleeve, and the fixing screw sleeve forms the locking device.

10. The adjustable expansion drill of femoral head according to claim 8, wherein axially extending anti-skid grooves are evenly distributed on the outer surfaces of the adjusting sleeve and the fixing screw sleeve;

and/or the front end of the connecting piece is provided with a counter bore connected with the inner core;

and/or the rear part of the connecting piece is provided with a quick-assembly interface for connecting with an external power device.