CN219428360U - Flapping wing aircraft with X-shaped layout - Google Patents
Flapping wing aircraft with X-shaped layout Download PDFInfo
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- CN219428360U CN219428360U CN202320538526.XU CN202320538526U CN219428360U CN 219428360 U CN219428360 U CN 219428360U CN 202320538526 U CN202320538526 U CN 202320538526U CN 219428360 U CN219428360 U CN 219428360U
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Abstract
The utility model relates to the technical field of aircrafts, and provides an X-shaped layout flapping wing aircraft, which comprises: a frame, a flapping wing driving mechanism and four flapping wings; the flapping wing driving mechanism is arranged on the frame; the flapping wing driving mechanism comprises a motor, a reduction gear set, an upper layer crank gear, a lower layer crank gear, a rocker connecting rod and a wing connecting rod; an output shaft of the motor is connected with the reduction gear set; the number of the upper layer crank gears is two, and the two upper layer crank gears are meshed; the number of the lower layer crank gears is two, and the two lower layer crank gears are meshed; each upper layer crank gear and each lower layer crank gear are hinged with a rocker connecting rod, and each rocker connecting rod is hinged with a wing connecting rod; each wing connecting rod is connected with a flapping wing; the upper layer crank gear and the lower layer crank gear are correspondingly arranged, and wing connecting rods of the upper layer crank gear and the lower layer crank gear on the same side are X-shaped. The utility model can promote the aerodynamic lift of the flapping wing in the flapping process and improve the aerodynamic efficiency of flight.
Description
Technical Field
The utility model relates to the technical field of aircrafts, in particular to an X-shaped layout ornithopter.
Background
A flapping wing aircraft is an aircraft which simulates a bird or insect flying mode and completes an air flying task by simulating the principle that birds and insects flap wings up and down to generate lift and thrust at the same time. Compared with the traditional fixed wing and rotor wing aircraft, the flapping wing aircraft has the characteristics of simple structure, high aerodynamic efficiency, strong concealment, low noise, flexibility and capability of remotely controlling or independently flying, can generate aerodynamic thrust and lift through periodic flapping of wings, integrates lift, hovering and propulsion functions, and has wide potential application prospects in military and civil fields.
The driving mechanism of the flapping wing aircraft mainly uses the driving mechanism of a direct current motor as power. The driving mechanism of the flapping-wing aircraft has the working principle that the motor converts the rotary motion of the transmission mechanism into the flapping motion, so that the flapping-wing aircraft can fly. The aerodynamic performance of the flapping-wing aircraft is mainly related to the flapping amplitude and the flapping frequency, and the lifting force of the flapping wing is mainly generated in the down-flapping stage, so that the flapping-wing aircraft has good aerodynamic performance, and a single-crank double-rocker mechanism, a double-crank double-rocker mechanism and a crank slider type mechanism are mainly adopted as driving mechanisms of the flapping-wing aircraft at present.
However, the existing flapping-wing aircraft is limited by a mechanical mechanism, the flapping angle is smaller, the movement speeds of the upper and lower flapping strokes are symmetrical and equal, so that partial aerodynamic lift generated in the lower flapping stage and resistance generated in the upper flapping stage are offset, the aerodynamic performance of the flapping-wing aircraft is lower, and the flight efficiency is lower.
Disclosure of Invention
The utility model mainly solves the technical problems of lower aerodynamic performance, lower flight efficiency and the like of the traditional flapping-wing aircraft, and provides an X-shaped layout flapping-wing aircraft so as to improve the aerodynamic lift force generated by the flapping wings in the flapping process and improve the aerodynamic efficiency of the flight.
The utility model provides an ornithopter with an X-shaped layout, which comprises the following components: a frame, a flapping wing driving mechanism and four flapping wings;
the flapping wing driving mechanism is arranged on the frame;
the flapping wing driving mechanism comprises: the device comprises a motor, a reduction gear set, an upper layer crank gear, a lower layer crank gear, a rocker connecting rod and a wing connecting rod;
an output shaft of the motor is connected with the reduction gear set;
the number of the upper layer crank gears is two, and the two upper layer crank gears are meshed; one of the upper crank gears is in transmission connection with the reduction gear set;
the number of the lower layer crank gears is two, and the two lower layer crank gears are meshed; one lower layer crank gear is in transmission connection with the reduction gear set;
each upper layer crank gear and each lower layer crank gear are hinged with a rocker connecting rod, and each rocker connecting rod is hinged with a wing connecting rod; each wing connecting rod is connected with a flapping wing;
the upper layer crank gear and the lower layer crank gear are correspondingly arranged, and wing connecting rods of the upper layer crank gear and the lower layer crank gear on the same side are X-shaped.
Preferably, the reduction gear set has first and second output gears that are coaxial;
the first output gear is meshed with one of the upper crank gears;
the second output gear is meshed with one of the lower crank gears.
Preferably, each of the upper layer crank gear and the lower layer crank gear is provided with a rocker mounting hole, and a rocker connecting rod is mounted on the rocker mounting hole.
Preferably, the flapping wing is formed by combining a polyester film and a carbon fiber rod piece.
Preferably, the frame is a structure supported by carbon fiber material.
The flapping wing aircraft with the X-shaped layout is provided with the two sets of double-crank double-rocker mechanisms, so that the flapping wing aircraft with the X-shaped layout is formed, the quick return characteristic of a four-crank gear four-bar structure is applied to the flapping wing driving mechanism of the flapping wing aircraft, the flapping speed of the flapping wing is increased by adding a pair of wings, the aerodynamic lift generated by the flapping wing in the flapping process is improved, and the aerodynamic efficiency of the flight is higher. In the flapping process of the flapping wings, the speed of the flapping wings can be increased under the condition that the transmission efficiency is not affected, so that the fluid pressure on the surfaces of the flapping wings is increased, the higher aerodynamic lift is obtained, and the flight efficiency is improved. The device has the characteristics of high propelling flight efficiency, stable flight track, strong hovering capability, strong maneuverability and the like.
The X-shaped layout ornithopter has compact mechanism and high transmission efficiency, and adopts two sets of double-crank double-rocker driving mechanisms, so that compared with the traditional driving mechanism, the flapping amplitude can be high; the flapping speed of the flapping wings can be increased without affecting the transmission efficiency, the influence on the aerodynamic performance of the flapping wings is enlarged due to the increase of the number of the wings, and the aerodynamic lift and the flight efficiency of the flapping wing aircraft are improved. The main components are made of carbon fiber materials or nylon materials by printing, so that the weight is light, the control is convenient, the quality of a prototype is reduced, the size of a machine body is reduced, the function of flapping take-off can be realized, and the flight efficiency is improved; the mechanism strength and the stability of the whole flapping-wing aircraft are guaranteed, the quality of the whole flapping-wing aircraft is reduced, and the flight efficiency is improved.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic illustration of the structure of an X-shaped layout of an ornithopter in accordance with the present utility model;
FIG. 2 is a top view of an X-shaped layout of an ornithopter in accordance with the present utility model;
FIG. 3 is an enlarged view of a portion of FIG. 1;
fig. 4 is a schematic structural view of the flapping wing driving mechanism provided by the utility model.
Reference numerals: 1. a frame; 2. flapping wings; 3. a reduction gear set; 4. an upper layer crank gear; 5. a lower layer crank gear; 6. a rocker link; 7. wing link.
Detailed Description
In order to make the technical problems solved by the utility model, the technical scheme adopted and the technical effects achieved clearer, the utility model is further described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings and the embodiments. It is to be understood that the specific embodiments described herein are merely illustrative of the utility model and are not limiting thereof. It should be further noted that, for convenience of description, only some, but not all of the matters related to the present utility model are shown in the accompanying drawings.
As shown in fig. 1-4, an X-shaped layout ornithopter provided by an embodiment of the present utility model comprises: frame 1, flapping wing actuating mechanism and four flapping wing wings 2.
The flapping wing driving mechanism is arranged on the frame 1. The machine frame 1 is a structure body supported by carbon fiber materials, the height is 55mm, the length is 125mm, and the minimum gear at the head of the machine frame 1 is a motor installation position.
The flapping wing driving mechanism comprises: the device comprises a motor, a reduction gear set 3, an upper crank gear 4, a lower crank gear 5, a rocker connecting rod 6 and a wing connecting rod 7.
An output shaft of the motor is connected with the reduction gear set 3. The motor 2 is fixed at the minimal gear at the head of the frame 1.
The number of the upper layer crank gears 4 is two, and the two upper layer crank gears 4 are meshed; one of the upper crank gears 4 is in transmission connection with the reduction gear set 3. The number of the lower layer crank gears 5 is two, and the two lower layer crank gears 5 are meshed; one of the lower crank gears 5 is in transmission connection with the reduction gear set 3. Specifically, the reduction gear set 3 has a first output gear and a second output gear that are coaxial; the first output gear is meshed with one of the upper crank gears 4; the second output gear is meshed with one of the lower crank gears 5.
And each upper layer crank gear 4 and each lower layer crank gear 5 are hinged with a rocker connecting rod 6, and specifically, each upper layer crank gear 4 and each lower layer crank gear 5 are provided with a rocker mounting hole, and the rocker connecting rod 6 is mounted on the rocker mounting hole. Each rocker connecting rod 6 is hinged with a wing connecting rod 7; each wing connecting rod 7 is connected with the flapping wing 2. The upper layer crank gear 4 and the lower layer crank gear 5 are correspondingly arranged, and wing connecting rods 7 of the upper layer crank gear 4 and the lower layer crank gear 5 on the same side are X-shaped.
The wing connecting rod 7 and the flapping wing 2 can be connected through glue, specifically, the left wing upper wing connecting rod is connected with the left side upper flapping wing, the left wing lower wing connecting rod is connected with the left side lower flapping wing, the right wing upper wing connecting rod 10 is connected with the right side upper flapping wing, the right wing lower wing connecting rod is connected with the right side lower flapping wing, and the flapping left side flapping wing and the right side flapping wing are driven to complete flapping movement. The flapping wing 2 is formed by combining a polyester film and a carbon fiber rod piece, so that the bionic bird flexible wing is ensured to have the characteristic of the flexible wing of the bionic bird, and the front edge, the wing root and the wing pulse of the flapping wing 2 are adhered to the carbon fiber rod.
The flapping wing aircraft disclosed by the utility model is provided with four crank gears, four rocker connecting rods 6, four wing connecting rods 7 and four flapping wings 2, wherein the wing connecting rods 7 and the flapping wings 2 on the same side are arranged in an X shape, and the whole flapping wing aircraft disclosed by the utility model is also arranged in an X shape.
The utility model has four crank gears which are rotatably arranged on a frame 1; the motor outputs power to the reduction gear set 3, and the reduction gear set 3 is transmitted to the upper crank gear 4 and the lower crank gear 5. The flapping of the flapping wings is realized by hinging a rocker connecting rod 6 on an upper crank gear 4 and a lower crank gear 5 with a wing connecting rod 7, so that the flapping wings have the characteristic of quick return, the stroke coefficient is 2, the wing connecting rod 7 is driven to perform the flapping motion, and the flapping speed of the lower flapping stroke is improved by 2 times.
The utility model relates to a specific working principle of an X-shaped layout ornithopter: the motor is driven to output power to the gear reduction set 3, and the gears in the gear reduction set 3 are mutually matched for rotation; the first output gear of the reduction gear set 3 is meshed with one of the upper crank gears 4, and the second output gear of the reduction gear set 3 is meshed with one of the lower crank gears 5, so that three-stage reduction is completed, the motor 2 adopts a brushless direct current motor, the reduction ratio is 30, the flapping-wing aircraft can realize the flight of a larger flapping frequency interval, and the flexibility of the flapping-wing aircraft is improved.
The upper crank gear 4 converts the rotary motion into up-and-down reciprocating motion and transmits the up-and-down reciprocating motion to the corresponding rocker connecting rod 7, and the rocker connecting rod 7 drives the wing connecting rod 7 hinged with the rocker connecting rod to perform up-and-down flapping motion, so that the corresponding flapping wing 2 is promoted to realize flapping of the flapping-wing aircraft; similarly, the lower crank gear 5 converts the rotary motion into the up-and-down reciprocating motion and transmits the up-and-down reciprocating motion to the corresponding rocker connecting rod 6, and the rocker connecting rod 6 drives the wing connecting rod 7 hinged with the rocker connecting rod to do 130-degree flapping motion, so that the corresponding flapping wing 2 is promoted to realize the flapping of the flapping-wing aircraft, and the up-and-down flapping motion of the X-shaped flapping-wing aircraft is completed.
The utility model is arranged in an X-shaped layout, and uses two sets of double-crank double-rocker structures as driving mechanisms thereof, and under the condition of not affecting transmission efficiency, the X-shaped layout structure enables the two pairs of flapping wings 2 to have larger acceleration in the up-and-down flapping process, thereby obtaining larger aerodynamic lift force and improving the flight efficiency of the aircraft. The flapping wing driving mechanism and the four flapping wing wings 2 are installed by taking the frame 1 as a main body, the gravity center is ensured to be near the central axis of the frame 1, the possibility of crash caused by unstable gravity center in the flying process is reduced, and the flying stability is increased.
The utility model provides an X-shaped layout flapping wing aircraft, which is provided with two sets of double-crank double-rocker mechanisms to form the X-shaped layout flapping wing aircraft, and a four-crank gear four-bar structure is applied to two sets of wings to finish driving the flapping wings. The flapping wing aircraft disclosed by the utility model can generate lift force and forward force through active movement of wings like birds, and can fly in a maneuvering way through the position change of the wings and the tail wings by the reaction force and the forward force of the wings beating air, and the mechanical efficiency of the flapping wing aircraft is higher than that of a fixed wing aircraft. The utility model has the advantages of simple and portable structure, higher flight efficiency compared with the common ornithopter, and stable flight track.
The four-crank gear four-bar structure is arranged in the flapping wing driving mechanism, the quick return characteristic of the four-crank gear four-bar structure is applied to the flapping wing driving mechanism of the flapping wing aircraft, the flapping speed of the flapping wing is increased by adding a pair of wings, the aerodynamic lift force generated by the flapping wing in the flapping process is improved, and the aerodynamic efficiency of the flying is higher. In the flapping process of the flapping wings, the speed of the flapping wings can be increased under the condition that the transmission efficiency is not affected, so that the fluid pressure on the surfaces of the flapping wings is increased, the higher aerodynamic lift is obtained, and the flight efficiency is improved. The device has the characteristics of high propelling flight efficiency, stable flight track, strong hovering capability, strong maneuverability and the like.
Finally, it should be noted that: the above embodiments are only for illustrating the technical solution of the present utility model, and not for limiting the same; although the utility model has been described in detail with reference to the foregoing embodiments, it will be understood by those of ordinary skill in the art that: the technical scheme described in the foregoing embodiments is modified or some or all of the technical features are replaced equivalently, so that the essence of the corresponding technical scheme does not deviate from the scope of the technical scheme of the embodiments of the present utility model.
Claims (5)
1. An X-layout ornithopter comprising: the flapping wing machine comprises a frame (1), a flapping wing driving mechanism and four flapping wing wings (2);
the flapping wing driving mechanism is arranged on the frame (1);
the flapping wing driving mechanism comprises: the device comprises a motor, a reduction gear set (3), an upper layer crank gear (4), a lower layer crank gear (5), a rocker connecting rod (6) and a wing connecting rod (7);
an output shaft of the motor is connected with a reduction gear set (3);
the number of the upper layer crank gears (4) is two, and the two upper layer crank gears (4) are meshed; one of the upper crank gears (4) is in transmission connection with the reduction gear set (3);
the number of the lower layer crank gears (5) is two, and the two lower layer crank gears (5) are meshed; one lower crank gear (5) is in transmission connection with the reduction gear set (3);
each upper layer crank gear (4) and each lower layer crank gear (5) are hinged with a rocker connecting rod (6), and each rocker connecting rod (6) is hinged with a wing connecting rod (7); each wing connecting rod (7) is connected with a flapping wing (2);
the upper layer crank gear (4) and the lower layer crank gear (5) are correspondingly arranged, and wing connecting rods (7) of the upper layer crank gear (4) and the lower layer crank gear (5) on the same side are X-shaped.
2. An X-layout ornithopter according to claim 1, wherein the reduction gear set (3) has a first output gear and a second output gear that are coaxial;
the first output gear is meshed with one of the upper crank gears (4);
the second output gear is meshed with one of the lower crank gears (5).
3. An X-layout ornithopter according to claim 1 or 2, wherein each of the upper layer crank gear (4) and the lower layer crank gear (5) is provided with a rocker mounting hole on which a rocker link (6) is mounted.
4. An X-lay out ornithopter according to claim 3, wherein the ornithopter wings (2) are formed by a combination of polyester film and carbon fiber rods.
5. An X-lay out ornithopter according to claim 3, wherein the airframe (1) is a structure supported by carbon fibre material.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN202320538526.XU CN219428360U (en) | 2023-03-20 | 2023-03-20 | Flapping wing aircraft with X-shaped layout |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN202320538526.XU CN219428360U (en) | 2023-03-20 | 2023-03-20 | Flapping wing aircraft with X-shaped layout |
Publications (1)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| CN219428360U true CN219428360U (en) | 2023-07-28 |
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Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN202320538526.XU Active CN219428360U (en) | 2023-03-20 | 2023-03-20 | Flapping wing aircraft with X-shaped layout |
Country Status (1)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| CN (1) | CN219428360U (en) |
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2023
- 2023-03-20 CN CN202320538526.XU patent/CN219428360U/en active Active
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