CN219412788U

CN219412788U - Impeller device and power generation device

Info

Publication number: CN219412788U
Application number: CN202320452999.8U
Authority: CN
Inventors: 姜明明; 盖旭东
Original assignee: Yantai Jerry Power Technology Co ltd
Current assignee: Yantai Jerry Power Technology Co ltd
Priority date: 2023-03-06
Filing date: 2023-03-06
Publication date: 2023-07-25
Anticipated expiration: 2033-03-06

Abstract

The utility model discloses an impeller device and a power generation device, wherein the disclosed impeller device comprises a driving shaft assembly, a connecting rod, blades, a supporting disc, a first guide part and a second guide part, wherein the driving shaft assembly is rotationally arranged on the supporting disc; the blade drives the drive shaft pivoted in-process through the connecting rod, first guiding part and second guiding part direction cooperation to make the connecting rod drive the blade and remove along being close to or keeping away from the direction of drive shaft subassembly, when the blade rotates to the first tip of supporting disk, have first distance between blade and the drive shaft subassembly, when the blade rotates to the second tip of supporting disk, have the second distance between blade and the drive shaft subassembly, first distance is less than the second distance. The scheme can solve the problem of low power generation efficiency of the impeller device in the related technology.

Description

Impeller device and power generation device

Technical Field

The utility model relates to the technical field of power generation devices, in particular to an impeller device and a power generation device.

Background

The wind power generation process is a process of converting kinetic energy of wind into electric energy. Wind power is taken as a clean and environment-friendly new energy source, and is increasingly paid attention to.

Currently, the main form of wind power generation is to convert wind energy into electric energy through an impeller device. The impeller device mainly comprises a horizontal axis impeller and a vertical axis impeller, and the blades of the vertical axis impeller can receive wind power in any direction, so that the impeller device is widely applied. However, in the related art, since the blades of the vertical shaft impeller are fixed, the resistance of the blades thereof during the return stroke is large, so that the power generation efficiency of the impeller device is low.

Disclosure of Invention

The utility model discloses an impeller device and a power generation device, which are used for solving the problem of low power generation efficiency of the impeller device in the related technology.

In order to solve the technical problems, the utility model is realized as follows:

in a first aspect, the application discloses an impeller device, including a driving shaft assembly, a connecting rod, a blade, a supporting disc, a first guiding part and a second guiding part, wherein the driving shaft assembly is rotationally arranged on the supporting disc, the connecting rod is movably connected with the driving shaft assembly, the end part of the connecting rod far away from the driving shaft assembly is connected with the blade, the first guiding part is arranged on the supporting disc, and the second guiding part is arranged on the connecting rod;

in the process that the blade drives the driving shaft assembly to rotate through the connecting rod, the first guide part is matched with the second guide part in a guiding way, so that the connecting rod drives the blade to move along the direction close to or far away from the driving shaft assembly, wherein when the blade rotates to the first end part of the supporting disc, a first distance is reserved between the blade and the driving shaft assembly, when the blade rotates to the second end part of the supporting disc, a second distance is reserved between the blade and the driving shaft assembly, the first distance is smaller than the second distance, and the first end part of the supporting disc is opposite to the second end part of the supporting disc.

In a second aspect, the present application also discloses a power generation device comprising a generator and the impeller device of the first aspect, the drive shaft assembly being connected to the generator.

The technical scheme adopted by the utility model can achieve the following technical effects:

the impeller device disclosed by the embodiment of the application is characterized in that the driving shaft assembly is rotationally arranged on the supporting disc, the connecting rod is movably connected with the driving shaft assembly, so that when the blades are subjected to the action of wind force, the blades drive the connecting rod to drive the driving shaft assembly to rotate, and the driving shaft assembly can drive the generator to generate electricity. In the process that the blade drives the connecting rod to rotate, the first guide part and the second guide part are in guide fit, so that the connecting rod drives the blade to move along the direction close to or far away from the driving shaft assembly, and when the blade rotates to the first end part of the supporting disc, the connecting rod drives the blade to move towards the direction close to the driving shaft assembly, and the distance between the blade and the driving shaft assembly is reduced; when the blades rotate to the second end of the support disc, the connecting rod drives the blades to move towards a direction away from the driving shaft assembly, so that the distance between the blades and the driving shaft assembly is increased.

Since the distance between the blades and the drive shaft assembly is reduced when the blades are rotated to the first end of the support plate, the distance between the blades and the drive shaft assembly is smaller; when the blades rotate to the second end part of the support disc, the distance between the blades and the driving shaft assembly is increased, so that the distance between the blades and the driving shaft assembly is larger, and when the blades are subjected to the same wind force, the driving shaft assembly is taken as a rotation center, the moment arm of the blades is longer when the blades are positioned at the second end part of the support disc, and therefore the blades can provide larger driving force when the blades are positioned at the second end part of the support disc to drive the driving shaft assembly to rotate along the first direction; and when the blade removes to the first tip of supporting disk, the arm of force is shorter when the blade is at the first tip of supporting disk, and the blade provides less pivoted return resistance along the second direction when the first tip of supporting disk, and first direction is opposite with the second direction, through increasing drive shaft assembly along first direction pivoted drive power, reduces pivoted return resistance along the second direction, realizes more easily driving the drive shaft assembly and drives the generator rotation for the rotational speed of generator increases, thereby can improve impeller device's generating efficiency.

Drawings

FIG. 1 is a schematic view of a first power generation device according to an embodiment of the present utility model in a first wind direction;

FIG. 2 is a schematic view of a first power generation device according to an embodiment of the present utility model in a second wind direction;

FIG. 3 is an enlarged schematic view of a portion of a first power generation device according to an embodiment of the present utility model;

FIG. 4 is a schematic structural diagram of a second power generation device according to an embodiment of the present utility model;

fig. 5 is an enlarged partial schematic view of a second power generation device according to an embodiment of the present utility model.

Reference numerals illustrate:

110-drive shaft assembly, 111-drive shaft, 112-telescopic sleeve, 120-connecting rod, 130-blade, 140-supporting disk, 141-guiding groove, 151-first guiding column, 152-second guiding column, 153-third guiding column, 160-air guide sleeve, 170-rotation steering mechanism, 171-base, 172-balance seat, 180-universal shaft, 190-generator.

Detailed Description

In order to make the objects, technical solutions and advantages of the present utility model more apparent, the technical solutions of the present utility model will be clearly and completely described below with reference to specific embodiments of the present utility model and corresponding drawings. It will be apparent that the described embodiments are only some, but not all, embodiments of the utility model. All other embodiments, which can be made by those skilled in the art based on the embodiments of the utility model without making any inventive effort, are intended to be within the scope of the utility model.

The technical scheme disclosed by each embodiment of the utility model is described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings.

Referring to fig. 1 to 5, an embodiment of the present utility model discloses an impeller device, which may be a vertical axis impeller device, and the impeller device may be used for a power generation device.

The impeller device disclosed in the embodiment of the present application includes a drive shaft assembly 110, a connecting rod 120, blades 130, a support disk 140, a first guide portion, and a second guide portion. The driving shaft assembly 110 is rotatably provided to the supporting plate 140, and the driving shaft assembly 110 may be rotatably provided to the supporting plate 140 through a bearing.

The connecting rod 120 is movably connected with the driving shaft assembly 110, the end part, far away from the driving shaft assembly 110, of the connecting rod 120 is connected with the blade 130, when the wind force acts on the connecting rod 120, the blade 130 can drive the connecting rod 120 to rotate, the connecting rod 120 can drive the driving shaft assembly 110 to rotate, and the driving shaft assembly 110 can be connected with the generator 190, so that the generator 190 is used for generating electricity.

The first guiding portion is disposed on the supporting plate 140, and the second guiding portion is disposed on the connecting rod 120. In the process that the blade 130 drives the driving shaft assembly 110 to rotate through the connecting rod 120, the first guiding part is in guiding fit with the second guiding part, so that the connecting rod 120 drives the blade 130 to move along the direction approaching or separating from the driving shaft assembly 110. Wherein, when the vane 130 rotates to the first end of the support disc 140, a first distance is provided between the vane 130 and the driving shaft assembly 110, and when the vane moves to the second end of the support disc 140, a second distance is provided between the vane 130 and the driving shaft assembly 110, the first distance is smaller than the second distance, and the first end of the support disc 140 is opposite to the second end of the support disc 140. The first end of the support disc 140 may be the return end of the vane, the second end of the support disc 140 may be the drive end of the vane, and the support disc 140 may be a cam disc.

In particular, the support disc 140 may be a cam structure, and the first guide portion may be a structure extending along an edge of the cam. Of course, the support plate 140 may also have other structures, such as a circular structure, a rectangular structure, etc., and the first guide portion need not be disposed at an edge of the circular structure, the rectangular structure, and the structures of the support plate 140 and the first guide portion are not limited in the embodiment of the present application.

In a specific implementation process, when the blade 130 is subjected to wind force, the blade 130 drives the connecting rod 120 to drive the driving shaft assembly 110 to rotate, and under the guiding cooperation of the first guiding part and the second guiding part, the connecting rod 120 drives the blade 130 to move along the direction approaching to or separating from the driving shaft assembly 110, so that when the blade 130 rotates to the first end of the supporting disc 140, the connecting rod 120 drives the blade 130 to move towards the direction approaching to the driving shaft assembly 110, and the distance between the blade 130 and the driving shaft assembly 110 is reduced; when the vane 130 is rotated to the second end of the support plate 140, the connecting rod 120 moves the vane 130 away from the driving shaft assembly 110, so that the interval between the vane 130 and the driving shaft assembly 110 increases.

The impeller device disclosed in the embodiment of the present application rotationally locates the driving shaft assembly 110 on the supporting disc 140, and the connecting rod 120 is movably connected with the driving shaft assembly 110, so that when the blades 130 are acted by wind force, the blades 130 drive the connecting rod 120 to drive the driving shaft assembly 110 to rotate, so that the driving shaft assembly 110 can drive the generator 190 to generate electricity. In the process that the blade 130 drives the connecting rod 120 to rotate, due to the guide fit of the first guide part and the second guide part, the connecting rod 120 drives the blade 130 to move along the direction approaching to or separating from the driving shaft assembly 110, so that when the blade 130 rotates to the first end of the supporting disc 140, the connecting rod 120 drives the blade 130 to move towards the direction approaching to the driving shaft assembly 110, and the distance between the blade 130 and the driving shaft assembly 110 is reduced; when the vane 130 is rotated to the second end of the support plate 140, the connecting rod 120 moves the vane 130 away from the driving shaft assembly 110, so that the interval between the vane 130 and the driving shaft assembly 110 increases.

Since the interval between the blades 130 and the driving shaft assembly 110 is reduced when the blades 130 are rotated to the first end of the supporting disk 140, the distance of the blades 130 from the driving shaft assembly 110 is small; when the blade 130 rotates to the second end of the support disc 140, the distance between the blade 130 and the driving shaft assembly 110 increases, so that the distance between the blade 130 and the driving shaft assembly 110 is larger, and when the blade 130 receives the same wind force, the arm of force of the blade 130 is longer when the blade 130 supports the second end of the disc 140 due to the fact that the driving shaft assembly 110 is taken as the rotation center, and therefore the blade 130 can provide larger driving force when the blade 130 supports the second end of the disc 140 to drive the driving shaft assembly 110 to rotate along the first direction; when the blade 130 moves to the first end of the support disc 140, the arm of force of the blade 130 is shorter at the first end of the support disc 140, the blade 130 provides smaller return resistance rotating along the second direction when the blade 130 supports the first end of the disc 140, and the first direction is opposite to the second direction, so that the return resistance rotating along the second direction is reduced by increasing the driving force driving the driving shaft assembly 110 to rotate along the first direction, and the driving of the driving shaft assembly 110 to rotate the generator is easier to realize, so that the rotating speed of the generator is increased, and the generating efficiency of the impeller device can be improved.

In an alternative embodiment, the driving shaft assembly 110 may include a driving shaft 111, the driving shaft 111 may be rotatably disposed on the supporting plate 140, the driving shaft 111 may be provided with a mounting through hole, and the connection rod 120 may pass through the mounting through hole and may slide along the mounting through hole. The blade 130 may be connected to both ends of the connection rod 120. In the process that the blade 130 drives the driving shaft assembly 110 to rotate through the connecting rod 120, the first guiding part can be in guiding fit with the second guiding part, so that the connecting rod 120 slides along the mounting through hole, and the connecting rod 120 can drive the blade 130 to move along the direction approaching or separating from the driving shaft assembly 110.

The impeller device disclosed in this embodiment is through setting up drive shaft assembly 110 to the structure including drive shaft 111 for drive shaft 111 can set up the installation through-hole, and connecting rod 120 runs through the installation through-hole, and can follow the installation through-hole and slide, thereby make two tip of connecting rod 120 all can be connected with blade 130, thereby make a connecting rod 120 provide the installation basis for two blades 130, make impeller device's wholeness better, through adopting connecting rod 120 to drive blade 130 along the gliding mode of installation through-hole and remove along the direction that is close to or keeps away from drive shaft assembly 110, make the cooperation of connecting rod 120 and drive shaft 111 simpler.

In the embodiment of the present application, the structures and types of the first guide portion and the second guide portion may be various, and the embodiment of the present application does not limit the structures and types of the first guide portion and the second guide portion.

Specifically, the first guiding portion may be a guide rail, the second guiding portion may be a slider matched with the guide rail in a guiding manner, in the process that the blade 130 drives the connecting rod 120 to rotate, the connecting rod 120 drives the slider to slide along the guide rail, so that under the guiding effect of the guide rail, the slider drives the connecting rod 120 to slide along the installation through hole, and a guiding model of the guide rail can be designed according to a sliding model of the connecting rod 120 along the installation through hole.

In order to make the impeller device structure simpler, alternatively, the first guiding portion may be a guiding groove 141 formed in the support disc 140, and both ends of the guiding groove 141 may be formed with a first opening and a second opening, where the first opening may be located at the first end of the support disc 140, and the second opening may be located at the second end of the support disc 140. The second guide part may include a first guide post 151 and a second guide post 152, and the first guide post 151 and the second guide post 152 may be provided at both ends of the connection rod 120, respectively, and the first guide post 151 and the second guide post 152 may be used for guide-fit with the guide groove 141. As the first guide post 151 rotatably enters the guide groove 141 along the first opening, the second guide post 152 may rotate out of the guide groove 141 along the second opening.

The impeller device disclosed in the embodiment of the present application is provided with the guide groove 141 on the support disc 140, so that the guide groove 141 is used as the first guide part, thereby fully utilizing the support disc 140, avoiding setting additional other structures as the first guide part, and further simplifying the structure of the impeller device.

In order to make the sliding of the first guide post 151 and the second guide post 152 in the guide groove 141 smoother, alternatively, the first guide post 151 and the second guide post 152 may be each a cylindrical structural member, and the first guide post 151 and the second guide post 152 may be rotatably provided to the connection rod 120, and the first guide post 151 or the second guide post 152 may roll along the inner wall of the guide groove 141 when the first guide post 151 or the second guide post 152 is in guide engagement with the guide groove 141.

The impeller device disclosed in the embodiment of the application is provided with the connecting rod 120 through both rotationally arranging the first guide post 151 and the second guide post 152, so that when the first guide post 151 or the second guide post 152 is in guide fit with the guide groove 141, the first guide post 151 or the second guide post 152 can roll along the inner wall of the guide groove 141, thereby reducing friction between the first guide post 151 or the second guide post 152 and the inner wall of the guide groove 141, and further enabling the sliding of the first guide post 151 and the second guide post 152 in the guide groove 141 to be smoother.

In an alternative embodiment, the drive shaft assembly 110 may include a drive shaft 111 and a guide sleeve 112, the guide sleeve 112 may be coupled to the drive shaft 111, a first end of the connecting rod 120 may be slidably disposed within the guide sleeve 112, and a second end of the connecting rod 120 may extend beyond the guide sleeve 112 and be coupled with the vane 130. In the process that the vane 130 drives the driving shaft assembly 110 to rotate through the connecting rod 120, the first guiding part can be in guiding fit with the second guiding part, so that the first end of the connecting rod 120 slides in the guiding sleeve 112, and the second end of the connecting rod 120 can drive the vane 130 to move along the direction approaching or separating from the driving shaft assembly 110.

The impeller device disclosed in this embodiment sets up to including the structure of drive shaft 111 and guide sleeve 112 through with drive shaft subassembly 110 for in guide sleeve 112 can be slidingly located to the first end of connecting rod 120, the second end of connecting rod 120 can stretch out to outside the guide sleeve 112, and be connected with blade 130, thereby make at blade 130 drive shaft subassembly 110 pivoted in-process through connecting rod 120, the first end of connecting rod 120 can slide in guide sleeve 112, and then make connecting rod 120 can drive blade 130 and move along the direction that is close to or keeps away from drive shaft subassembly 110, because the first end of connecting rod 120 can slide in guide sleeve 112, thereby make guide sleeve 112 not only lead for the removal of connecting rod 120, can also protect connecting rod 120.

Alternatively, the first guiding portion may be a guiding groove 141 formed in the supporting disc 140, the guiding groove 141 may be a ring-shaped continuous structure, the second guiding portion may include a third guiding post 153, the third guiding post 153 may be disposed at the second end of the connecting rod 120, and the third guiding post 153 may be used for guiding and matching with the guiding groove 141, so that the first end of the connecting rod 120 slides in the guiding sleeve 112.

To further reduce the driving force for driving the drive shaft assembly 110 to rotate in the second direction, the impeller device may optionally further comprise a pod 160, and the pod 160 may be fixedly connected to the support disc 140 and disposed on the windward side of the first end of the support disc 140.

It should be noted that, when the wind direction changes, the supporting disc 140 may also rotate correspondingly, so that the windward side of the first end of the supporting disc 140 always faces the incoming wind direction, and the air guide cover 160 is disposed on the windward side of the first end of the supporting disc 140, so that the air guide cover 160 can block part of the incoming wind received by the blades 130 moving to the first end of the supporting disc 140, thereby reducing the wind force received by the blades 130 located at the first end of the supporting disc 140, and further reducing the return resistance of the blades 130 moving to the first end of the supporting disc 140 to drive the driving shaft assembly 110 to rotate along the second direction.

Since the direction of the wind may be changed, in order to enable the impeller device to have better power generation efficiency under the action of wind in any direction, optionally, the impeller device may further include a rotation direction adjusting mechanism 170, the rotation direction adjusting mechanism 170 may be connected to the support disc 140, the rotation direction adjusting mechanism 170 may be used to drive the support disc 140 to rotate according to the wind direction, so that the support disc 140 rotates to a preset position, and the preset position may be a position where the first end of the support disc 140 points to the second end of the support disc 140 and the direction of the second end of the support disc is perpendicular to the wind direction.

The impeller device disclosed in the embodiment of the application is provided with the rotary direction adjusting mechanism 170, so that the rotary direction adjusting mechanism 170 can drive the supporting disc 140 to rotate according to the wind direction, the supporting disc 140 is enabled to rotate to a preset position, wind can be always blown to the blades 130 vertically, the blades 130 moving to the second end part of the supporting disc 140 drive the driving force for driving the shaft assembly 110 to rotate to be always at the maximum, and therefore the impeller device can have better power generation efficiency under the action of wind in any direction.

In the embodiment of the present application, the specific structure and form of the rotation direction adjustment mechanism 170 may be various, and the embodiment of the present application does not specifically limit the rotation direction adjustment mechanism 170.

Specifically, the rotary direction adjusting mechanism 170 may include a sensor for detecting a wind direction and a driving motor, and the driving motor may be connected to the support disc 140, and after the wind direction is detected by the sensor for detecting a wind direction, the driving motor may drive the support disc 140 to rotate, so that the support disc 140 rotates to a preset position.

Optionally, the rotating direction adjusting mechanism 170 may include a base 171, a balancing seat 172 and a guide cover 160, where the guide cover 160 may be fixedly connected with the supporting disc 140 and is disposed on a windward side of the first end of the supporting disc 140, one end of the balancing seat 172 may be rotationally connected with the base, the other end of the balancing seat 172 may be fixedly connected with the supporting disc 140, and an integral body formed by the balancing seat 172, the guide cover 160 and the supporting disc 140 may rotate relative to the base 171 under the action of wind force, so that the supporting disc 140 rotates to a preset position.

It should be noted that, the whole of the pod 160, the balancing stand 172 and the supporting disk 140 will be in a stress balance state under the wind force, and at this time, the direction of the first end of the supporting disk 140 pointing to the second end of the supporting disk 140 is perpendicular to the wind direction. The direction in which the first end of the support disk 140 is directed to the second end of the support disk 140 is perpendicular to the wind direction may be obtained by designing the shape, position, etc. of the pod 160, the balance seat 172, and the support disk 140.

The impeller device disclosed in the embodiment of the present application sets the rotation direction adjusting mechanism 170 to a structure including the base 171, the balancing seat 172 and the air guide sleeve 160, so that the whole formed by the balancing seat 172, the air guide sleeve 160 and the supporting disc 140 rotates relative to the base 171 under the action of wind force, so that the supporting disc 140 rotates to a preset position, and automatic adjustment of the direction of the supporting disc 140 is realized.

To facilitate the layout of the drive shaft assembly 110, the impeller device may optionally further include a universal shaft 180, one end of the universal shaft 180 may be connected to the drive shaft assembly 110, the other end of the universal shaft 180 may be rotatably disposed at the center of the base 171 and used for connection to the generator 190, and the balancing stand 172 may be rotatably connected to the center of the base 171.

The impeller device disclosed in the embodiment of the present application connects the driving shaft assembly 110 and the generator 190 through the universal shaft 180, so that the position setting of the driving shaft assembly 110 is not limited to the position of the generator 190, thereby facilitating the layout of the driving shaft assembly 110.

In some embodiments, in order to achieve that the support disc 140 rotates to a preset position after the base 171, the balancing seat 172 and the air guide sleeve 160 are balanced under the force, the balancing seat 172 is configured to be a bending structure, so as to increase the stress area of the balancing seat 172, and at this time, the universal shaft 180 is spaced from the rotation axis of the base 171 and the rotation axis of the driving shaft assembly 110 relative to the support disc 140, so as to adapt to the bending structure of the balancing seat 172. The balance seat 172 may be an arcuate housing member that opens toward the universal shaft 180 such that the arcuate housing member clears the universal shaft 180 during rotation of the universal shaft 180.

The impeller device disclosed in the embodiment of the application sets the balance seat 172 into an arc-shaped shell member, and the opening of the arc-shaped shell member faces the universal shaft 180, so that the universal shaft 180 can be avoided in the process of rotating the universal shaft 180, and the universal shaft 180 and the balance seat 172 are prevented from interfering.

In order to better gather wind power on the windward side, the blades 130 may have a concave surface and a convex surface, which are opposite to each other, so that the wind power can be gathered better, and the power generation efficiency of the impeller device can be improved.

In order to further improve the power generation efficiency of the impeller device, the number of the connecting rods 120 may be multiple, or the plurality of connecting rods 120 may be disposed around the driving shaft assembly 110, or the driving shaft assembly 110 may be provided with a plurality of mounting through holes at intervals in a direction perpendicular to the disc surface of the supporting disc 140, the central axes of the plurality of mounting through holes may be different, the plurality of connecting rods may be slidably disposed in the mounting through holes in a one-to-one correspondence manner, and both end portions of each connecting rod 120 are provided with the blades 130.

The impeller device disclosed in the embodiment of the application is provided with the plurality of connecting rods 120, so that the driving shaft assembly 110 is driven to rotate through the combined action of the plurality of connecting rods 120 and the blades 130, and the power generation efficiency of the impeller device can be further improved.

The present application also discloses a power generation device comprising a generator 190 and the impeller device disclosed in the above embodiments, the drive shaft assembly 110 being connected to the generator 190.

The power generation device disclosed by the embodiment of the application can improve the power generation efficiency of the impeller device by arranging the impeller device in the embodiment.

The foregoing embodiments of the present utility model mainly describe differences between the embodiments, and as long as there is no contradiction between different optimization features of the embodiments, the embodiments may be combined to form a better embodiment, and in view of brevity of line text, no further description is provided herein.

The embodiments of the present utility model have been described above with reference to the accompanying drawings, but the present utility model is not limited to the above-described embodiments, which are merely illustrative and not restrictive, and many forms may be made by those having ordinary skill in the art without departing from the spirit of the present utility model and the scope of the claims, which are to be protected by the present utility model.

Claims

1. The impeller device is characterized by comprising a driving shaft assembly (110), a connecting rod (120), blades (130), a supporting disc (140), a first guide part and a second guide part, wherein the driving shaft assembly (110) is rotationally arranged on the supporting disc (140), the connecting rod (120) is movably connected with the driving shaft assembly (110), the end part, far away from the driving shaft assembly (110), of the connecting rod (120) is connected with the blades (130), the first guide part is arranged on the supporting disc (140), and the second guide part is arranged on the connecting rod (120);

in the process that the blade (130) drives the driving shaft assembly (110) to rotate through the connecting rod (120), the first guiding part is matched with the second guiding part in a guiding way, so that the connecting rod (120) drives the blade (130) to move along the direction close to or far away from the driving shaft assembly (110), a first distance is reserved between the blade (130) and the driving shaft assembly (110) when the blade (130) rotates to the first end of the supporting disc (140), a second distance is reserved between the blade (130) and the driving shaft assembly (110) when the blade (130) rotates to the second end of the supporting disc (140), and the first distance is smaller than the second distance, and the first end of the supporting disc (140) is opposite to the second end of the supporting disc (140).

2. The impeller device according to claim 1, characterized in that the drive shaft assembly (110) comprises a drive shaft (111), the drive shaft (111) being rotatably provided to the support disc (140), the drive shaft (111) being provided with a mounting through hole, the connecting rod (120) penetrating through the mounting through hole and being slidable along the mounting through hole, both ends of the connecting rod (120) being connected with the blades (130);

in the process that the blade (130) drives the driving shaft assembly (110) to rotate through the connecting rod (120), the first guide part is in guide fit with the second guide part, so that the connecting rod (120) slides along the installation through hole, and the connecting rod (120) drives the blade (130) to move along the direction close to or far away from the driving shaft assembly (110).

3. The impeller device according to claim 2, characterized in that the first guiding part is a guiding groove (141) opened in the supporting disc (140), a first opening and a second opening are opened at two ends of the guiding groove (141), the first opening is positioned at the first end of the supporting disc (140), the second opening is positioned at the second end of the supporting disc (140), the second guiding part comprises a first guiding post (151) and a second guiding post (152), the first guiding post (151) and the second guiding post (152) are respectively arranged at two ends of the connecting rod (120), the first guiding post (151) and the second guiding post (152) are used for guiding cooperation with the guiding groove (141), and when the first guiding post (151) rotationally enters the guiding groove (141) along the first opening, the second guiding post (152) rotationally moves out of the guiding groove (141) along the second opening.

4. The impeller device according to claim 3, characterized in that the first guide post (151) and the second guide post (152) are both cylindrical structural members, the first guide post (151) and the second guide post (152) are both rotatably provided to the connecting rod (120), and the first guide post (151) or the second guide post (152) rolls along an inner wall of the guide groove (141) when the first guide post (151) or the second guide post (152) is in guide engagement with the guide groove (141).

5. The impeller device according to claim 1, characterized in that the drive shaft assembly (110) comprises a drive shaft (111) and a guide sleeve (112), the guide sleeve (112) is connected with the drive shaft (111), a first end of the connecting rod (120) is slidably arranged in the guide sleeve (112), a second end of the connecting rod (120) extends out of the guide sleeve (112) and is connected with the blade (130), and during the process that the blade (130) drives the drive shaft assembly (110) to rotate through the connecting rod (120), the first guide part is in guide fit with the second guide part, so that the first end of the connecting rod (120) slides in the guide sleeve (112), and the connecting rod (120) drives the blade (130) to move in a direction approaching or separating from the drive shaft assembly (110).

6. The impeller device according to claim 5, characterized in that said first guiding portion is a guiding groove (141) provided in said supporting disc (140), said guiding groove (141) is of annular continuous structure, said second guiding portion comprises a third guiding post (153), said third guiding post (153) is provided in a second end portion of said connecting rod (120), said third guiding post (153) is adapted to be in guiding engagement with said guiding groove (141) so that a first end of said connecting rod (120) slides in said guiding sleeve (112).

7. The impeller device of claim 1, further comprising a pod (160), the pod (160) being fixedly connected to the support disc (140) and being disposed on a windward side of the first end of the support disc (140).

8. The impeller device according to claim 1, characterized in that the impeller device comprises a rotation steering mechanism (170), the rotation steering mechanism (170) being connected to the support disc (140), the rotation steering mechanism (170) being adapted to drive the support disc (140) in rotation according to the wind direction, so as to rotate the support disc (140) to a preset position, the preset position being a position in which a first end of the support disc (140) points in a direction of a second end of the support disc (140) perpendicular to the wind direction.

9. The impeller device according to claim 8, characterized in that the rotation direction adjusting mechanism (170) comprises a base (171), a balancing seat (172) and a guide cover (160), the guide cover (160) is fixedly connected with the supporting disc (140) and is arranged on a windward side of a first end portion of the supporting disc (140), one end of the balancing seat (172) is rotatably connected with the base (171), the other end of the balancing seat (172) is fixedly connected with the supporting disc (140), and an integral body formed by the balancing seat (172), the guide cover (160) and the supporting disc (140) rotates to a preset position relative to the base (171) under the action of wind force, wherein the preset position is a position where the first end portion of the supporting disc (140) points to a second end portion of the supporting disc (140) in a direction perpendicular to the wind direction.

10. The impeller device according to claim 9, characterized in that it further comprises a cardan shaft (180), one end of said cardan shaft (180) being connected to said driving shaft assembly (110), the other end of said cardan shaft (180) being rotatably arranged in the centre of said base (171) and intended to be connected to a generator (190), said balancing seat (172) being rotatably connected to the centre of said base (171).

11. The impeller apparatus of claim 10, wherein the axis of rotation of the universal shaft (180) relative to the base (171) is spaced from the axis of rotation of the drive shaft assembly (110) relative to the support plate (140), the balance seat (172) being an arcuate housing member having an opening toward the universal shaft (180) such that the arcuate housing member is clear of the universal shaft (180) during rotation of the universal shaft (180).

12. The impeller device according to claim 1, characterized in that the blades (130) have a concave face and a convex face, the concave face and the convex face being arranged opposite each other, the concave face being a windward face.

13. A power plant comprising a generator (190) and an impeller device according to any one of claims 1 to 12, said drive shaft assembly (110) being connected to said generator (190).