CN219410750U

CN219410750U - Novel ditch

Info

Publication number: CN219410750U
Application number: CN202320349890.1U
Authority: CN
Inventors: 杨珊珊; 张佳蕊; 邢超; 陈晓虎; 谈祥; 孟凡; 朱珉
Original assignee: Shanghai Tingying Environmental Technology Co ltd
Current assignee: Shanghai Tingying Environmental Technology Co ltd
Priority date: 2023-02-28
Filing date: 2023-02-28
Publication date: 2023-07-25
Anticipated expiration: 2033-02-28

Abstract

The utility model relates to a novel ditch in the technical field of ecological ditches, which comprises a ditch body and box-type building blocks; the cross section of the ditch body is trapezoid, the box-shaped building blocks are of trapezoid box body structures with open tops, the box-shaped building blocks are provided with water holes, stone blocks or rock blocks are filled in cavities of the box-shaped building blocks, the box-shaped building blocks are arranged in rows along each wall surface of the ditch body, a plurality of rows of box-shaped building blocks are formed on each wall surface of the ditch body, the bottoms of the box-shaped building blocks of the upper row are connected to the tops of the box-shaped building blocks of the lower row, and the box-shaped building blocks of the plurality of rows on each wall surface of the ditch body are sequentially arranged in a staggered mode to form a step shape; the bottom of the ditch body is used for planting submerged plants, wet plants are planted in the box-type building blocks below the normal water level of the ditch body, and land plants are planted in the box-type building blocks above the normal water level of the ditch body. According to the utility model, through the interception, absorption and sedimentation effects of plants, the nitrogen and phosphorus content in rural surface source runoffs is reduced, and the transparency and landscape effect of the water body are improved.

Description

Novel ditch

Technical Field

The utility model relates to the technical field of ecological ditches, in particular to a novel ditch.

Background

The farmland non-point source pollution reduction technology comprises three types of source reduction, process blocking interception and terminal strengthening, wherein the most commonly used technology in the process blocking technology is a ecological drainage ditch and an ecological buffer zone. The ecological ditch is used as a process interception unit in the agricultural source pollutant migration, has double effects of water quality purification and storage, has been researched and applied more recently, and has various forms, such as different structural stability, ecology and interception performance on nitrogen and phosphorus pollutants.

In the agricultural non-point source pollution control system, the ecological ditch design should increase the ability of sustaining flow, penetrating, transmitting and purifying agricultural non-point source pollution as much as possible, so the ecological ditch design mainly relates to two parts of hydraulic calculation and water quality purification function besides meeting basic stability, and simultaneously considers the factors of hydrology, soil, plant types and the like.

According to the technical search, the ecological ditch structure in the cold area is disclosed, and the ecological ditch structure comprises a hard mud layer and a stone layer stacked on the upper surface of the hard mud layer, wherein an inverted trapezoid ditch is formed at the top of the stone layer, a yellow mud layer is covered on the upper surface of the stone layer, soil is covered in the ditch, wet plants are planted on the upper surface of the soil, a slope is formed on the yellow mud layer near a river, and marsh plants are planted on the surface of the yellow mud layer and on the two sides of the ditch. The ditch is mainly set for coping with ecological conditions in cold areas, and has narrow application scenes.

Disclosure of Invention

In view of the drawbacks of the prior art, an object of the present utility model is to provide a novel trench.

The novel ditch provided by the utility model comprises a ditch body and a box-shaped building block;

the cross section of the ditch body is trapezoid, the box-shaped building blocks are trapezoid box body structures with open tops, the box-shaped building blocks are provided with water holes, stone blocks or rock blocks are filled in cavities of the box-shaped building blocks, the box-shaped building blocks are arranged in rows along each wall surface of the ditch body, a plurality of rows of box-shaped building blocks are formed on each wall surface of the ditch body, the bottoms of the box-shaped building blocks in the upper row are connected to the tops of the box-shaped building blocks in the lower row, and a plurality of rows of box-shaped building blocks on each wall surface of the ditch body are sequentially staggered to form a trapezoid;

the bottom of the ditch body is used for planting submerged plants, wet plants are planted in the box-type building blocks below the normal water level of the ditch body, and land plants are planted in the box-type building blocks above the normal water level of the ditch body.

In some embodiments, the bottom of the ditch body is a gravel cushion layer.

In some embodiments, the method further comprises a reverse-filtering geotextile laid on a wall surface of the ditch body and/or on a bottom of the ditch body.

In some embodiments, a first planting platform is arranged above the bottom of the ditch body, two ends of the first planting platform are connected with the box-shaped building blocks, the first planting platform is positioned below the normal water level of the ditch body, and the first planting platform is used for planting submerged plants.

In some embodiments, the first planting platforms are spaced apart along the length of the trench.

In some embodiments, the bottom of the ditch body is provided with a deep groove area, and the deep groove area is used for accumulating water.

In some embodiments, a second planting platform is arranged above the deep groove area, and the lower surface of the second planting platform is attached to the upper surface of the bottom of the ditch body.

In some embodiments, an ecological filtering dam is arranged on the bottom of the ditch body, the ecological filtering dam comprises a reinforcement cage and stones or rock blocks filled in the reinforcement cage, and the ecological filtering dam is trapezoid in shape.

In some embodiments, the deep groove areas and the ecological filter dams are arranged in groups, and each group is arranged at intervals.

Compared with the prior art, the utility model has the following beneficial effects:

1. the box-type building block has good stability, is ecological and environment-friendly, has no secondary pollution, reduces the nitrogen and phosphorus content in rural non-point source runoff through the interception, absorption and sedimentation effects of plants, and improves the transparency and landscape effect of water.

2. The utility model forms the deep groove area and the ecological filtering dam at the bottom of the ditch body, so that the ecological ditch has the functions of draining, purifying and inhabiting, and can accumulate water in a small range while building an ecological diversity system, thereby strengthening the filtering and adsorbing effects on the water.

Drawings

Other features, objects and advantages of the present utility model will become more apparent upon reading of the detailed description of non-limiting embodiments, given with reference to the accompanying drawings in which:

FIG. 1 is a schematic cross-sectional view of one embodiment of the trench of the present utility model;

FIG. 2 is a schematic cross-sectional view of another embodiment of the trench of the present utility model;

FIG. 3 is a schematic view of a longitudinal cross-section of the trench with deep trench regions.

Detailed Description

The present utility model will be described in detail with reference to specific examples. The following examples will assist those skilled in the art in further understanding the present utility model, but are not intended to limit the utility model in any way. It should be noted that variations and modifications could be made by those skilled in the art without departing from the inventive concept. These are all within the scope of the present utility model.

Example 1

The embodiment provides a novel ditch, which is shown in fig. 1-2, and comprises a ditch body 1 and box-shaped building blocks 2 arranged on two side wall surfaces of the ditch body 1. The cross section of the ditch body 1 is trapezoid, and in some embodiments, the ditch body 1 is isosceles trapezoid. In some embodiments, the bottom of the ditch 1 is a gravel cushion layer 11. The bottom of the ditch body 1 formed by the broken stone cushion layer 2 is provided with a porous medium layer, which is beneficial to the formation and growth of a biological film. The thickness of the gravel bed 2 is preferably 80-150mm, particularly preferably 100mm. In some embodiments, the reverse-filtering geotextile 3 is laid on the two side wall surfaces of the ditch body 1, so that the soil particles under the action of osmotic pressure can be kept from losing while the liquid passes through. In some embodiments, the bottom of the ditch body 1 is laid with the anti-filtering geotechnical cloth 3, and when the bottom of the ditch body 1 is the crushed stone cushion layer 2, the anti-filtering geotechnical cloth 3 is laid on the upper surface of the crushed stone cushion layer 2.

The box-type building block 2 is a trapezoid box body structure with an open top, and is mainly formed by casting materials such as yellow sand, cement, volcanic rock, slag and the like. The case structure is a structure having an inner cavity. The box-type blocks 2 are arranged in rows along each wall surface of the ditch body 1, and a plurality of rows of box-type blocks 2 are formed on each wall surface of the ditch body 1. The side surfaces of the multi-row box-shaped building blocks 2 on each wall surface of the ditch body 1 are attached to the wall surface of the ditch body 1, the bottoms of the box-shaped building blocks 2 positioned on the upper row are located on the top end surfaces of the box-shaped cutting blocks 2 positioned on the upper row, at this time, partial top openings of the box-shaped building blocks 2 positioned on the lower layer are located outside the bottom end surfaces of the box-shaped building blocks 2 positioned on the upper layer, and then the multi-row box-shaped building blocks 2 on the wall surface of each ditch body 1 are vertically stacked to form a stepped structure. The box-type building block 2 is provided with a water flowing hole 21, and the water flowing hole 21 is mainly used for flowing in and out of the water in the ditch body 1. The box block 2 is filled with stone blocks or volcanic rock blocks, and a porous medium layer with a certain filtering effect is formed by filling the stone blocks or volcanic rock blocks. Meanwhile, after the aquatic weeds are planted in the box-shaped cut blocks 2, the stone blocks or volcanic rock blocks filled in the box-shaped block 2 can have good fixing effect on the aquatic weeds.

The working principle of the utility model is as follows: land plants 7 are planted in the box-type building blocks 2 above the normal water level of the ditch body 1, wet plants 8 are planted in the box-type building blocks 2 below the normal water level of the ditch body 1, submerged plants 9 are planted at the bottom of the ditch body 1, and an ecological ditch is formed. The normal water level of the gutter 1 means an elevation value at which 50% of the water level is equal to or exceeds the water level in one year or several years. The box-type building block has good stability, is ecological and environment-friendly, has no secondary pollution, reduces the nitrogen and phosphorus content in rural non-point source runoff through the interception, absorption and sedimentation effects of plants, and improves the transparency and landscape effect of water.

In some embodiments, a first planting platform 4 is disposed above the bottom of the ditch body 1, and two ends of the first planting platform 4 are respectively connected and fixed with the box-shaped building blocks 2 on two sides. The first planting platform 4 is located below the normal water level of the ditch body 1, and the purification effect on the water body is further improved by planting submerged plants on the first planting platform 4. Preferably, the first planting platforms 4 are arranged at intervals along the length direction of the ditch body 1.

Example 2

In this embodiment 2, the deep groove area and the ecological filter dam are formed at the bottom of the ditch body on the basis of embodiment 1, so that the ecological ditch has the functions of draining, purifying and inhabiting, and the ecological diversity system is built, meanwhile, the water body can be accumulated in a small range, and the filtering and adsorbing effects on the water body are enhanced. Specifically:

as shown in fig. 1 to 3, a deep groove region 12 is formed at the bottom of the groove body 1, and the cross section of the deep groove region 12 is preferably a trapezoid structure, for example, the dimension may be 2.3m upper width, 1.5m lower width, and 1.2 m deep. A second planting platform 5 is arranged above the deep groove area 12, and the lower surface of the second planting platform 5 is arranged on the upper surface of the groove bottom of the groove body 1. The second planting platform 5 is used for planting submerged plants. The deep groove section 12 can accumulate water and provide habitat for organisms such as fish.

Further, an ecological filtering dam 6 is additionally arranged on the ditch bottom of the ditch body 1, and the ecological filtering dam 6 is mainly formed by a reinforcement cage 61 formed by reinforcement and stones or rock blocks filled in the reinforcement cage 61. The ecological filter dam 6 has a trapezoid structure as a whole. The width of the ecological green dam 6 is basically the same as the width of the ditch bottom of the ditch body 1. Preferably, the ecological filter dams 6 and the deep groove areas 12 are arranged in groups, so that the accumulation of the water body in the deep groove areas 12 can be effectively improved through the ecological filter dams 6, submerged plants are planted on the ecological filter dams 6, and the filtering and adsorbing effects on the water body can be improved.

In the description of the present application, it should be understood that the terms "upper," "lower," "front," "rear," "left," "right," "vertical," "horizontal," "top," "bottom," "inner," "outer," and the like indicate orientations or positional relationships based on the orientations or positional relationships illustrated in the drawings, merely to facilitate description of the present application and simplify the description, and do not indicate or imply that the devices or elements being referred to must have a specific orientation, be configured and operated in a specific orientation, and are not to be construed as limiting the present application.

The foregoing describes specific embodiments of the present utility model. It is to be understood that the utility model is not limited to the particular embodiments described above, and that various changes or modifications may be made by those skilled in the art within the scope of the appended claims without affecting the spirit of the utility model. The embodiments of the present application and features in the embodiments may be combined with each other arbitrarily without conflict.

Claims

1. The novel ditch is characterized by comprising a ditch body (1) and a box-shaped building block (2);

the cross section of the ditch body (1) is trapezoid, the box-shaped building blocks (2) are trapezoid box body structures with open tops, water flowing holes are formed in the box-shaped building blocks (2), stone blocks or rock blocks are filled in cavities of the box-shaped building blocks (2), the box-shaped building blocks (2) are arranged in rows along each wall surface of the ditch body (1), a plurality of rows of the box-shaped building blocks (2) are formed on each wall surface of the ditch body (1), the bottoms of the box-shaped building blocks (2) of the upper row are connected to the tops of the box-shaped building blocks (2) of the lower row, and the plurality of rows of the box-shaped building blocks (2) on each wall surface of the ditch body (1) are sequentially staggered to form a trapezoid;

the bottom of the ditch body (1) is used for planting submerged plants, wet plants are planted in the box-shaped building blocks (2) below the normal water level of the ditch body (1), and land plants are planted in the box-shaped building blocks (2) above the normal water level of the ditch body (1).

2. The novel ditch according to claim 1, characterized in that the bottom of the ditch body (1) is a gravel cushion layer (11).

3. The novel ditch according to claim 1, further comprising a back-filtering geotextile (3), wherein the back-filtering geotextile (3) is laid on a wall surface of the ditch body (1) and/or on a bottom of the ditch body (1).

4. The novel ditch according to claim 1, wherein a first planting platform (4) is arranged above the bottom of the ditch body (1), two ends of the first planting platform (4) are connected with the box-shaped building blocks (2), the first planting platform (4) is positioned below the normal water level of the ditch body (1), and the first planting platform (4) is used for planting submerged plants.

5. The novel ditch according to claim 4, wherein the first planting platforms (4) are arranged at intervals along the length direction of the ditch body (1).

6. The novel ditch according to any one of claims 1 to 5, wherein the ditch bottom of the ditch body (1) is provided with a deep groove area (12), and the deep groove area (12) is used for accumulating water.

7. The novel ditch according to claim 6, wherein a second planting platform (5) is arranged above the deep groove area (12), and the lower surface of the second planting platform (5) is attached to the upper surface of the ditch bottom of the ditch body (1).

8. The novel ditch according to claim 6, wherein the ditch bottom of the ditch body (1) is provided with an ecological filtering dam (6), the ecological filtering dam (6) comprises a reinforcement cage (61) and stones or rocks filled in the reinforcement cage (61), and the ecological filtering dam (6) is trapezoid in shape.

9. The novel trench as claimed in claim 8, characterized in that the deep trench areas (12) are arranged in groups with the ecological filter dams (6), each group being arranged at intervals.