CN219366232U - Marine floating wind turbine generator system - Google Patents

Abstract

The application discloses marine showy formula wind turbine generator system, including wind wheel, cabin, pylon and the showy platform that connects gradually, wind turbine generator system still includes wide area vibration damping system of wide band, and wide area vibration damping system of wide band includes first vibration damper and second vibration damper, and first vibration damper sets up in floating, and second vibration damper sets up in the cabin. The first vibration damper and the second vibration damper act together, so that dynamic vibration of the wind turbine generator is effectively restrained, and the anti-wave performance of the wind turbine generator is improved.

Description

Marine floating wind turbine generator system

Technical Field

The utility model relates to wind power generation equipment, in particular to an offshore floating wind turbine generator.

Background

Along with the rapid promotion of global industrialization process, the demand of human beings for energy is continuously improved, but for a long time, the cost is high by means of traditional non-renewable resources such as coal, petroleum, natural gas and the like, and a large amount of harmful substances are generated in the exploitation and use processes, so that the environment safety and human existence are greatly jeopardized. In recent years, the research strength and the research depth of renewable energy sources are increased, and wind energy is used as a renewable energy source with sustainable development, has the advantages of energy conservation, environmental protection, cleanness, no pollution and the like, and thus, great importance is drawn in the global scope.

The wind power generation needs to build and develop a large wind power plant, in a metropolitan area with high power demand, due to the problems of scarcity of land resources, limited wind power resources, unstable wind speed, noise disturbance and the like, the metropolitan area is often concentrated in a coastal area, so that the current global wind power research hot spot is shifted from land to sea. The offshore wind power has the remarkable advantages of high wind speed, small vertical wind cut, small turbulence intensity, stable signal dominant direction, long annual utilization time and the like, so that the efficiency of the offshore wind power is far higher than that of a land wind power, and the prospect of the offshore wind power is higher.

Offshore wind turbines can be largely divided into two main categories according to the basic types: the fixed pile type offshore wind turbine is suitable for offshore areas with water depths lower than 60 meters; the other type is an offshore wind turbine based on a floating platform, and is suitable for deep sea areas. In recent years, with the increase of single-machine power of offshore fans and the gradual trend of offshore wind farms to deep sea and open sea, the floating fan technology becomes one of hot research directions, and new forms are continuously emerging. However, compared with a land-based fan and a pile-fixed type offshore fan, the floating type fan has more technical problems, firstly, in the marine environment, the floating type fan is subjected to the action of environmental loads such as wind, waves, currents and the like, so that the wind turbine generates pitching and rolling motions, the inflow wind speed fluctuation of the fan is larger, the pneumatic load is obviously increased, and the larger simple harmonic vibration response of the generator and the engine room is caused; and secondly, due to wave and ocean current, resonance of the tower and the floating foundation is caused, so that structural fatigue and load response of the tower and the floating platform are caused.

Currently, in order to reduce the load influence of a floating fan and optimize the structural design, a damper is usually selected to be installed in a cabin, and the load optimization control is realized by utilizing active or passive structural control. The tuning mass damper commonly used in the prior art is a common vibration reduction system consisting of a spring, a mass block and a damper, and belongs to a common device in the field of structure passive control. TMD has constant parameters and no energy input, is designed to absorb the energy of the whole structure at a certain natural frequency, and the basic principle is that inertial force is provided by the mutual motion among the structures, and the inertial force is reacted on the structures, so that the aim of vibration reduction control of the structures is fulfilled.

Patent CN110155260a discloses a tuned mass damper platform suitable for semi-submersible wind power generator, and this platform includes generator structure, supporting component and tuned mass damper structure, and the generator structure sets up on supporting component, and supporting component is double-deck frame structure, and the generator structure sets up on supporting component, and tuned mass damper structure sets up in supporting component. The floating platform designed by the scheme is complex in structure, and the arrangement condition of the vibration damper in the cabin is not mentioned.

Patent CN104421107a discloses a deep sea suspension type wind generating set, which comprises a fan structure, a tower and a suspension platform which are sequentially arranged from top to bottom, wherein the fan structure comprises a fan blade, a fan shaft and a fan cabin which are transversely and sequentially connected, and two groups of vibration reduction control devices are respectively arranged in the fan cabin and the suspension platform. The number of tuned mass dampers to be installed in the scheme is large, so that more space in the engine room and the platform is occupied, and the installation difficulty is high; the size and the mass of the damper are small, the vibration reduction effect is very limited, and the vibration reduction effect on the floating platform is not obvious.

In view of the above technical problems, the present utility model is particularly directed.

Disclosure of Invention

The utility model mainly aims to provide an offshore floating wind turbine generator, which is used for reducing the overall vibration load of an offshore floating fan, ensuring the stability of the whole offshore floating wind turbine generator and providing a guarantee for the normal operation of the offshore floating wind turbine generator and the stable output of power.

In order to achieve the above purpose, the offshore floating wind turbine comprises a wind wheel, a cabin, a tower and a floating platform which are sequentially connected, wherein the wind turbine further comprises a broadband wide-area vibration reduction system, the broadband wide-area vibration reduction system comprises a first vibration reduction device and a second vibration reduction device, the first vibration reduction device is arranged in the floating platform, and the second vibration reduction device is arranged in the cabin.

Furthermore, the first vibration reduction device and the second vibration reduction device are tuned mass dampers, and the combined action reduces the whole vibration load of the wind turbine generator.

Further, the floating platform is a semi-submersible floating foundation and comprises a center pontoon, the center pontoon is positioned at the center of the floating platform and connected with the bottom of the tower, and the first vibration reduction device is positioned in the center pontoon.

Further, the first vibration damper comprises a first mass block and a plurality of elastic damping rods, and the first mass block is connected with the inner wall of the central pontoon through the plurality of elastic damping rods.

Further, the plurality of elastic damping rods are uniformly distributed along the circumferential direction of the first mass block.

Further, the first mass is suspended in a central position within the central buoy.

Further, the floating platform further comprises a plurality of inclined pipes and a plurality of side buoys, the side buoys are uniformly distributed along the circumference of the center buoy, and each side buoy is connected with the center buoy through one inclined pipe.

Further, a second vibration damping device is coupled to an inner wall of the nacelle and positioned proximate a centerline of the tower.

Further, the second vibration damping device is movable in the nacelle along the axial direction of the wind wheel.

Further, the second vibration damping device comprises a second mass block, an elastic element and a damper.

By applying the technical scheme of the utility model, at least the following beneficial effects are realized:

1. according to the wind turbine generator system, the first vibration reduction device is arranged in the floating platform, the low-frequency vibration of the floating platform caused by sea waves is reduced, the second vibration reduction device is arranged in the engine room, the high-frequency vibration of the engine room-tower caused by wind is reduced, and therefore the broadband wide-area vibration reduction system of the wind turbine generator system is formed, dynamic vibration of the wind turbine generator system is effectively restrained, and the wave resistance performance of the wind turbine generator system is improved.

2. According to the method, the tuned mass damper is arranged in the floating platform, so that structural fatigue and load response of the floating platform under the action of the ocean complex environment are effectively reduced, fatigue characteristics of the whole fan are well controlled, working time of a fan system can be effectively prolonged, and good economic benefits are achieved.

3. According to the wind turbine generator system, the total mass of the first mass block in the center pontoon is adjusted, the floating center of the whole wind turbine generator system can be reduced to be below the gravity center, when the floating platform is inclined, a restoring moment is formed between the gravity center and the floating center, the inclined movement of the floating platform can be resisted, and the stability of the whole wind turbine generator system is further guaranteed.

4. According to the floating wind turbine generator system, the plurality of side buoys are connected with the central buoy, and the ballast compartment in the side buoys can be closed-loop regulated according to the real-time posture of the floating platform, so that the stability of the floating wind turbine generator system during windward load is improved.

Drawings

The accompanying drawings, which are included to provide a further understanding of the utility model and are incorporated in and constitute a part of this specification, illustrate embodiments of the utility model and together with the description serve to explain the utility model. In the drawings:

FIG. 1 shows a three-dimensional schematic diagram of a wind turbine according to an embodiment of the present application;

FIG. 2 illustrates a top view of a first vibration damping device installation of an embodiment of the present application;

FIG. 3 illustrates a front view of a first vibration damping device installation of an embodiment of the present application;

FIG. 4 illustrates a second vibration damping device and nacelle schematic of an embodiment of the present application.

Wherein the above figures include the following reference numerals:

1. a wind wheel; 2. a nacelle; 3. a tower; 4. a floating platform; 5. a first vibration damping device; 6. a second vibration damping device; 7. a central pontoon; 8. a first mass; 9. an elastic damping rod; 10. a chute; 11. a side pontoon; 12. a second mass; 13. an elastic element; 14. a damper.

Detailed Description

It should be noted that, without conflict, the embodiments of the present utility model and features of the embodiments may be combined with each other. The utility model will be described in detail below with reference to the drawings in connection with embodiments.

The utility model is described in further detail below in connection with specific examples which are not to be construed as limiting the scope of the utility model as claimed. The term "comprising" when used indicates the presence of a feature, but does not preclude the presence or addition of one or more other features; the positional or positional relationship indicated by the terms "transverse", "upper", "lower", "front", "rear", "left", "right", "top", "bottom", "inner", "outer", etc., are based on the positional or positional relationship shown in the drawings, are for convenience of description only, and are not indicative or implying that the apparatus or element in question must have a particular orientation, be constructed and operated in a particular orientation, and therefore should not be construed as limiting the utility model; furthermore, the terms "first," "second," and the like, are used for descriptive purposes only and are not to be construed as indicating or implying relative importance.

In the description, unless clearly indicated and limited otherwise, the terms "mounted," "connected," and "connected" are to be construed broadly, and may be, for example, fixedly connected, detachably connected, or integrally connected; can be directly connected or indirectly connected through an intermediate medium, and can be communication between two elements. The specific meaning of the above terms in the present utility model will be understood in specific cases by those of ordinary skill in the art. Furthermore, in the description of the present utility model, unless otherwise indicated, the meaning of "a plurality" is two or more.

Examples:

the utility model provides an offshore floating wind turbine, which is used for reducing the overall vibration load of an offshore floating wind turbine, ensuring the stability of the whole wind turbine and providing guarantee for the normal operation of the wind turbine and the stable output of power.

As shown in fig. 1, the offshore floating wind turbine generator comprises a wind wheel 1, a cabin 2, a tower 3 and a floating platform 4 which are sequentially connected. The wind wheel 1 is provided with fan blades and a fan blade shaft, and the fan blades are connected with a generator shaft in the engine room 2 through the fan blade shaft. The wind rotor 1 and the nacelle 2 form a fan structure. The bottom of the cabin 2 is fixedly connected with a tower 3, and the bottom of the tower 3 is fixedly connected with a floating platform 4.

The wind turbine generator system further comprises a broadband wide-area vibration reduction system, wherein the broadband wide-area vibration reduction system comprises a first vibration reduction device 5 and a second vibration reduction device 6, the first vibration reduction device 5 is arranged in the floating platform 4, and the second vibration reduction device 6 is arranged in the engine room 2.

Specifically, the first vibration reduction device 5 and the second vibration reduction device 6 are both TMDs (Tuned Mass Damper, tuned mass dampers), and the TMDs are simultaneously arranged in the nacelle 2 at the top of the tower 3 and in the floating platform 4, so that the combined action of the TMDs and the TMDs reduces the overall vibration load of the wind turbine generator.

The vibration of the offshore floating wind turbine generator set caused by sea wind load and sea wave load is distinguished, and different vibration reduction control devices are respectively and correspondingly designed: aiming at the low-frequency vibration of the floating platform and the whole wind turbine generator set, which is mainly caused by sea wave load, a first vibration reduction device is arranged in the floating platform, so that a TMD vibration control system of the floating platform is formed; the placement of the second vibration damping device in the wind power nacelle forms a nacelle TMD vibration control system for high frequency vibrations of the nacelle-tower mainly caused by sea wind loads. When the floating fan vibrates under the combined action of complex ocean environmental loads such as wind, waves and currents, the cabin and the TMD vibration control system of the floating platform jointly play a role, and meanwhile vibration load responses of the generator cabin and the floating platform are reduced, so that a broadband wide-area vibration reduction system of the wind turbine generator is formed, dynamic vibration of the wind turbine generator is effectively restrained, and the wave resistance performance of the wind turbine generator is improved.

In addition, the mass, frequency and damping relation between the cabin and the damper and the fan in the floating platform are respectively adjusted, and proper spring constant and damping value are selected, so that the design of the damper is optimized, and the damper can absorb vibration energy with various frequencies to the maximum extent.

Firstly, arranging a vibration damper in a floating platform

The first vibration damping device 5 is herein arranged and mounted on the basis of a semi-submersible floating foundation. Semi-submersible floating foundations typically include a plurality of large buoy members connected by diagonal bracing tubes. The distributed pontoon structure generates larger waterplane change, so that restoring moment for resisting the tilting motion of the platform is generated, and the stability of the whole fan is ensured. And semi-submersible floating foundations are typically secured to the sea floor by a number of anchor lines, thereby creating a range of motion constraints.

Referring to fig. 1-2, the floating platform 4 is a semi-submersible floating foundation, and comprises a central pontoon 7, wherein the central pontoon 7 is positioned at the center of the floating platform 4 and connected with the bottom of the tower 3, and the first vibration damper 5 is positioned in the central pontoon 7.

Specifically, the first vibration damper 5 includes a first mass block 8 and a plurality of elastic damping rods 9, and the first mass block 8 is connected to the inner wall of the center pontoon 7 through the plurality of elastic damping rods 9, and provides inertial reaction force under low-frequency sea wave vibration load.

Each elastic damping rod comprises a spring and a damper, preferably each elastic damping rod 9 comprises an eddy current damper in the middle part and springs at both ends, one end of the eddy current damper being connected to the inner wall of the central buoy 7 by a spring, the other end also being connected to the first mass 8 by a spring. In other embodiments of the present application, other types of dampers may also be employed. The number of springs provided for each elastic damping rod is not limited in the present application. The principle of the selection of the parameters of the springs and the dampers is to make the vibration frequency of the first vibration reduction device 5 the same as the vibration frequency of the floating platform and the whole fan.

According to the method, the first vibration reduction device is arranged in the floating platform, the TMD vibration control system of the floating platform is formed, the low-frequency vibration of the floating platform caused by sea waves is effectively reduced, structural fatigue and load response of the floating platform under the action of ocean complex environments such as waves, wind and flow are effectively reduced, the fatigue characteristic of the whole fan is well controlled, the working time of the fan system can be effectively prolonged, and good economic benefits are achieved.

Furthermore, as shown in fig. 1, the floating platform 4 further comprises a plurality of inclined pipes 10 and a plurality of side pontoons 11, the plurality of side pontoons 11 being evenly distributed along the circumference of the center pontoon 7, each side pontoon 11 being connected to the center pontoon 7 by one inclined pipe 10. Preferably, the three side pontoons 11 are connected to the central pontoon 7 via three inclined tubes 10, respectively, and the three side pontoons 11 are fastened by ropes, so that a relatively stable floating platform 4 structure is formed.

According to the floating wind turbine generator system, the plurality of side buoys are connected with the central buoy, and the ballast compartment in the side buoys can be closed-loop regulated according to the real-time posture of the floating platform, so that the stability of the floating wind turbine generator system during windward load is improved.

Preferably, the plurality of elastic damping rods 9 are distributed uniformly along the circumference of the first mass 8. It is further preferred that the first mass 8 is connected to the inner wall of the central buoy 7 by 3 elastic damping rods 9 evenly distributed circumferentially as shown in fig. 2, so that 3 elastic damping rods 9 can be fixedly connected directly to 3 inclined tubes 10.

As shown in fig. 3, the first mass 8 is suspended in a central position inside the central buoy 7. Preferably, the central pontoon 7 has a cylindrical structure, and three steel wires can be used to hoist the first mass 8 in the central pontoon 7 at the center in the horizontal and vertical directions.

Preferably, the mass of the first mass block 8 is 1% -5% of the generalized mass of the vibration mode of the fan structure and the floating platform in the direction in which the mass block is arranged.

According to the wind turbine generator system, the total mass of the first mass block in the center pontoon can be adjusted, the floating center of the whole wind turbine generator system can be reduced to be below the gravity center, when the floating platform is inclined, a restoring moment is formed between the gravity center and the floating center, the inclined movement of the floating platform can be resisted, and the stability of the whole wind turbine generator system is further guaranteed.

Preferably, a plurality of anchor lines may be arranged on the floating platform in the wind turbine, for example, in this embodiment, three anchor lines are connected to the side pontoon 11 at one end and to an anchor point at the other end, where the anchor point is arranged on the sea floor.

(II) providing vibration damping means in the nacelle

As shown in fig. 4, the second vibration damping device 6 is connected to the inner wall of the nacelle 2 and is located close to the centre line of the tower 3. The second vibration damping device 6 is in translational movement in the nacelle reference frame. Preferably, the fan can move along the direction of the fan blade axis in the engine room 2, and the vibration direction of the vibration reduction control device is the same as that of the fan blade axis, because the fan is asymmetric according to the axis of the tower, the fan has a yaw control function, and in general, the fan blade axis keeps consistent with the wind direction, so that the vibration reduction effect can be improved.

The second vibration damping device 6 comprises a second mass 12, an elastic element 13 and a damper 14. The total force generated by the elastic elements 13 and the dampers 14 on the second mass 12 acts on the nacelle, reducing the load response of the fan nacelle during vibration.

Specifically, TMD vibrates unidirectionally along the x-axis in the nacelle 2, where k is a spring coefficient, d is a damping coefficient, m is a second mass, and f is a generated inertial force. Preferably, m is 1% -5% of the generalized mass of the vibration mode of the fan structure in the direction in which the second mass block 12 is arranged. The spring rate k and the damper coefficient d in the nacelle 2 are chosen in such a way that the vibration frequency of the second vibration damping device 6 is the same as the vibration frequency of the fan structure.

The number of TMDs that this application set up in cabin 2 is not limited, in other embodiments, also can set up a plurality of TMDs, for example, a set of its direction is unanimous with fan blade axial direction, and another set of TMD direction is perpendicular with fan blade axial direction, can make the vibration on the arbitrary horizontal tangent plane all can decompose to going to in two mutually perpendicular's vibration direction based on rectangular coordinates, can realize the omnidirectional damping effect through two motion mutually perpendicular's vibration damper.

By arranging the second vibration reduction device in the cabin, the cabin TMD vibration control system is formed, and high-frequency vibration of the cabin-tower caused by wind can be effectively reduced.

In summary, from the above description, it can be seen that the above embodiments of the present utility model achieve the following technical effects: 1. according to the wind turbine generator system, the first vibration reduction device is arranged in the floating platform, the low-frequency vibration of the floating platform caused by sea waves is reduced, the second vibration reduction device is arranged in the engine room, the high-frequency vibration of the engine room-tower caused by wind is reduced, and therefore the broadband wide-area vibration reduction system of the wind turbine generator system is formed, dynamic vibration of the wind turbine generator system is effectively restrained, and the wave resistance performance of the wind turbine generator system is improved. 2. According to the method, the tuned mass damper is arranged in the floating platform, so that structural fatigue and load response of the floating platform under the action of the ocean complex environment are effectively reduced, fatigue characteristics of the whole fan are well controlled, working time of a fan system can be effectively prolonged, and good economic benefits are achieved. 3. According to the wind turbine generator system, the total mass of the first mass block in the center pontoon is adjusted, the floating center of the whole wind turbine generator system can be reduced to be below the gravity center, when the floating platform is inclined, a restoring moment is formed between the gravity center and the floating center, the inclined movement of the floating platform can be resisted, and the stability of the whole wind turbine generator system is further guaranteed. 4. According to the floating wind turbine generator system, the plurality of side buoys are connected with the central buoy, and the ballast compartment in the side buoys can be closed-loop regulated according to the real-time posture of the floating platform, so that the stability of the floating wind turbine generator system during windward load is improved.

The above description is only of the preferred embodiments of the present utility model and is not intended to limit the present utility model, but various modifications and variations can be made to the present utility model by those skilled in the art. Any modification, equivalent replacement, improvement, etc. made within the spirit and principle of the present utility model should be included in the protection scope of the present utility model.

Claims (10)

1. The utility model provides an offshore floating wind turbine generator system, includes wind wheel (1), cabin (2), pylon (3) and floating platform (4) that connect gradually, its characterized in that: the wind turbine generator system further comprises a broadband wide-area vibration reduction system, the broadband wide-area vibration reduction system comprises a first vibration reduction device (5) and a second vibration reduction device (6), the first vibration reduction device (5) is arranged in the floating platform (4), and the second vibration reduction device (6) is arranged in the engine room (2).

2. The wind turbine of claim 1, wherein: the first vibration reduction device (5) and the second vibration reduction device (6) are tuned mass dampers, and the first vibration reduction device and the second vibration reduction device act together to reduce the overall vibration load of the wind turbine generator.

3. The wind turbine of claim 2, wherein: the floating platform (4) is a semi-submersible floating foundation and comprises a center pontoon (7), the center pontoon (7) is positioned at the center of the floating platform (4) and connected with the bottom of the tower (3), and the first vibration damper (5) is positioned in the center pontoon (7).

4. A wind turbine according to claim 3, wherein: the first vibration damper (5) comprises a first mass block (8) and a plurality of elastic damping rods (9), and the first mass block (8) is connected with the inner wall of the center pontoon (7) through the plurality of elastic damping rods (9).

5. The wind turbine of claim 4, wherein: the plurality of elastic damping rods (9) are uniformly distributed along the circumferential direction of the first mass block (8).

6. The wind turbine of claim 5, wherein: the first mass block (8) is hoisted at the central position inside the central pontoon (7).

7. Wind turbine generator according to any of claims 3-6, wherein: the floating platform (4) further comprises a plurality of inclined pipes (10) and a plurality of side buoys (11), the side buoys (11) are evenly distributed along the circumferential direction of the center buoy (7), and each side buoy (11) is connected with the center buoy (7) through one inclined pipe (10).

8. The wind turbine of claim 2, wherein: the second vibration damping device (6) is connected to the inner wall of the nacelle (2) and is located close to the centre line of the tower (3).

9. The wind turbine of claim 8, wherein: the second vibration damper (6) is movable in the nacelle (2) in the axial direction of the wind rotor (1).

10. The wind turbine of claim 9, wherein: the second vibration damping device (6) comprises a second mass (12), an elastic element (13) and a damper (14).