CN219356543U

CN219356543U - Integral purifying device for building material laboratory

Info

Publication number: CN219356543U
Application number: CN202320178157.8U
Authority: CN
Inventors: 雷蓓
Original assignee: Individual
Current assignee: Individual
Priority date: 2023-02-10
Filing date: 2023-02-10
Publication date: 2023-07-18
Anticipated expiration: 2033-02-10

Abstract

The utility model provides an integral purification device for a building material laboratory, which comprises a collection pipeline, a particle filtering mechanism, an electrostatic dust collection mechanism, a harmful gas filtering mechanism, a negative pressure suction mechanism and an air supply pipeline, wherein the collection pipeline is connected with the particle filtering mechanism; the device comprises a collecting pipeline, a particle filtering mechanism, an electrostatic dust removing mechanism, a harmful gas filtering mechanism, a negative pressure suction mechanism and an air supply pipeline, wherein the electrostatic dust removing mechanism is used for generating static electricity and absorbing tiny particles and dust in waste gas; the harmful gas filtering mechanism is used for adsorbing and intercepting toxic and harmful substances in the waste gas; the air supply pipeline is used for discharging filtered air to outdoor atmosphere and/or laboratory space, so that the problems that in the prior art, a simple ventilation or exhaust device is adopted to discharge some dust, tiny waste residues, harmful gases and the like generated in the test process, if the air is directly discharged into the atmosphere, certain pollution is caused to ambient air, and the air is inhaled by an operator for a long time in a large amount, and certain damage is caused to a body are solved.

Description

Integral purifying device for building material laboratory

Technical Field

The utility model relates to the field of laboratory purifying devices, in particular to a building material laboratory integral purifying device.

Background

The building material detection laboratory is required to be responsible for detecting various performances of building materials, such as the detection of concrete cube compressive strength, mortar cube compressive strength, reinforcing steel bar raw materials, reinforcing steel bar welding, mechanical connection tensile test and other projects, and main instruments of the laboratory are provided with a sample pretreatment device, a pressure testing machine, a universal testing machine and the like;

along with the stricter national requirements on occupational health and environmental protection, dust, fine waste residues, harmful gases and the like generated in the test process can cause certain damage to the body if being inhaled by operators for a long time in a large amount, and can cause certain pollution to the ambient air if being directly discharged into the atmosphere;

in order to solve the problems, aiming at waste residue and waste gas pollution existing in the detection process of the building material laboratory, the patent provides an integral purification solution of the building material laboratory, integrates the characteristics of pollution sources detected by the laboratory, adopts targeted treatment measures aiming at different pollution sources, can reduce the health injury of the operating personnel caused by waste residue and waste gas generated by an instrument in the working process, and reduces the atmospheric pollution.

The existing building material laboratory has no clear requirement on the indoor environment cleanliness, and dust, tiny waste residues, harmful gases and the like generated in the test process can cause certain damage to the body if being inhaled by operators for a long time in a large amount, and can cause certain pollution to the ambient air if being directly discharged into the atmosphere.

Disclosure of Invention

The utility model aims to provide a whole purification device for a building material laboratory, which at least solves the problems that the building material laboratory in the prior art adopts a simple ventilation or exhaust device to exhaust dust, fine waste residue, harmful gas and the like generated in the test process, if the building material laboratory is directly discharged into the atmosphere, certain pollution is caused to the ambient air, and certain damage is caused to the body by long-term massive inhalation of operators.

In order to achieve the above purpose, the utility model provides a building material laboratory integral purification device, which comprises a collection pipeline, a particle filtering mechanism, an electrostatic dust removing mechanism, a harmful gas filtering mechanism, a negative pressure suction mechanism and an air supply pipeline; the inlet end of the collecting pipeline is positioned in the laboratory space, and the outlet end of the collecting pipeline is communicated with the inlet end of the particle filtering mechanism; the outlet end of the particle filtering mechanism is communicated with the inlet end of the electrostatic dust removing mechanism, and the outlet end of the electrostatic dust removing mechanism is communicated with the inlet end of the harmful gas filtering mechanism; the outlet end of the harmful gas filtering mechanism is communicated with the inlet end of the negative pressure suction mechanism; the outlet end of the negative pressure suction mechanism is communicated with the inlet end of the air supply pipeline; the outlet end of the air supply pipeline is communicated with the outdoor atmosphere and/or the laboratory space; the negative pressure suction mechanism is used for generating negative pressure so that air in the space of the laboratory passes through the particle filtering mechanism, the electrostatic dust removing mechanism and the harmful gas filtering mechanism in sequence through the collecting pipeline; the particle filtering mechanism is used for filtering waste residues and dust in the exhaust gas sucked by the collecting pipeline; the electrostatic dust removing mechanism is used for generating static electricity by electrifying and absorbing tiny particles and dust in the waste gas discharged by the particle filtering mechanism; the harmful gas filtering mechanism is used for adsorbing and intercepting toxic and harmful substances in the exhaust gas discharged by the electrostatic dust removing mechanism; the air supply pipeline is used for discharging the filtered air to the outdoor atmosphere and/or a laboratory space.

Further, the supply air duct has a first outlet end leading to the outdoor atmosphere and a second outlet end leading to the laboratory space.

Further, the collecting pipeline comprises a collecting cover, a collecting branch pipe and a main collecting pipe; the collecting covers and the collecting branch pipes are multiple, one end of each collecting branch pipe is communicated with the main collecting pipe, the other end of each collecting branch pipe is a suction inlet, and the collecting covers are arranged on the suction inlets of the collecting branch pipes in a one-to-one correspondence manner; the main collecting pipe is communicated with the inlet end of the particle filtering mechanism; wherein, collect the cover and be used for gathering the waste gas in the laboratory space, collect the branch pipe and be used for inhaling the waste gas that collects the cover gathering.

Further, the particle filtration mechanism includes: the first filter cylinder is provided with an inlet end and an outlet end, the outlet end of the collecting pipeline is communicated with the inlet end of the first filter cylinder, and the outlet end of the first filter cylinder is communicated with the inlet end of the electrostatic dust collection mechanism; the multifunctional filter bag is arranged in the first filter cylinder body and is opposite to the inlet end and the outlet end of the first filter cylinder body; the waste residue cleaning box is arranged in the first filter cartridge body and positioned below the multifunctional filter bag; the multifunctional filter bag is used for intercepting and collecting large particle waste residues and tiny dust particles in the exhaust gas discharged by the pipeline; the waste residue cleaning box is used for collecting large-particle waste residues and tiny dust particles intercepted by the multifunctional filter bag.

Further, the electrostatic dust collection mechanism comprises a dust collection barrel body, the dust collection barrel body is provided with an inlet end and an outlet end, the inlet end of the dust collection barrel body is communicated with the outlet end of the particle filtering mechanism, and the outlet end of the dust collection barrel body is communicated with the inlet end of the harmful gas filtering mechanism; the vibration device is arranged above the inside of the dust removal cylinder; the electrostatic cathode and the electrostatic anode are arranged on the oscillating device and are opposite to the inlet end and the outlet end of the dust removal cylinder; the dust cleaning box is arranged inside the dust removing cylinder and is positioned below the electrostatic cathode and the electrostatic anode; wherein the electrostatic cathode and the electrostatic anode are used for generating a cathode and an anode to adsorb tiny particles in the waste gas; the vibration device is used for generating vibration so as to shake off tiny particles adsorbed on the electrostatic cathode and the electrostatic anode; the dust cleaning box is used for collecting tiny particles falling after vibration.

Further, the harmful gas filtering mechanism comprises a second filtering cylinder body, the second filtering cylinder body is provided with an inlet end and an outlet end, the inlet end of the second filtering cylinder body is communicated with the outlet end of the electrostatic dust removing mechanism, and the outlet end of the second filtering cylinder body is communicated with the inlet end of the negative pressure sucking mechanism; the PP cotton filter cloth net and the active carbon filter net are correspondingly arranged on the side wall of the second filter cylinder body and are opposite to the inlet end and the outlet end of the second filter cylinder body; the PP cotton filter cloth net is used for intercepting tiny particles in the waste gas, and the activated carbon filter net is used for adsorbing toxic and harmful substances in the waste gas.

Further, the negative pressure suction mechanism comprises a variable frequency fan and a constant pressure detection device; the variable frequency fan is provided with an air suction port and an air supply port; the air suction inlet of the variable-frequency fan is connected with the outlet end of the harmful gas filtering mechanism; the air supply port of the variable frequency fan is connected with the inlet end of the air supply pipeline; the variable frequency fan is used for generating negative pressure so that the collecting pipeline sucks the waste gas to be treated, sequentially processes the waste gas through the particle filtering mechanism, the electrostatic dust removing mechanism and the harmful gas filtering mechanism, and discharges the processed gas to the outdoor atmosphere and/or a laboratory space through the air supply pipeline; the constant voltage detection device is a plurality of, and a plurality of constant voltage detection devices correspond to and set up in the inlet scoop and the supply-air outlet department of variable frequency fan, and constant voltage detection device is used for monitoring the pressure of the inlet scoop and the supply-air outlet department of variable frequency fan.

Further, the integral purifying device of the building material laboratory further comprises an automatic regulating valve, a pressure detecting instrument and an automatic control cabinet; the automatic regulating valves and the pressure detecting meters are multiple, and the automatic regulating valves and the pressure detecting meters are correspondingly arranged on the collecting branch pipes and the air supply pipelines; the automatic control cabinet is connected with a plurality of automatic regulating valves, a plurality of pressure detection instruments, an electrostatic dust removing mechanism and a negative pressure suction mechanism; the automatic regulating valve is used for controlling the flow of the gas sucked by the collecting branch pipe and the flow of the gas discharged by the air supply pipeline; the pressure detection instrument is used for monitoring the pressure in the collecting branch pipe and the air supply pipeline; the automatic control cabinet is used for controlling the plurality of automatic regulating valves, the electrostatic dust removing mechanism and the negative pressure suction mechanism according to the pressure monitored by the plurality of pressure detecting instruments.

Further, the integral purifying device of the building material laboratory further comprises an electric valve; the electric valve is arranged on the air supply pipeline and is used for controlling the air supply pipeline to discharge filtered air to the outdoor atmosphere and/or a laboratory space.

The integral purification device for the building material laboratory comprises a collection pipeline, a particle filtering mechanism, an electrostatic dust removing mechanism, a harmful gas filtering mechanism, a negative pressure suction mechanism and an air supply pipeline; the inlet end of the collecting pipeline is positioned in the laboratory space, and the outlet end of the collecting pipeline is communicated with the inlet end of the particle filtering mechanism; the outlet end of the particle filtering mechanism is communicated with the inlet end of the electrostatic dust removing mechanism, and the outlet end of the electrostatic dust removing mechanism is communicated with the inlet end of the harmful gas filtering mechanism; the outlet end of the harmful gas filtering mechanism is communicated with the inlet end of the negative pressure suction mechanism; the outlet end of the negative pressure suction mechanism is communicated with the inlet end of the air supply pipeline; the outlet end of the air supply pipeline is communicated with the outdoor atmosphere and/or the laboratory space; the negative pressure suction mechanism is used for generating negative pressure so that air in the space of the laboratory passes through the particle filtering mechanism, the electrostatic dust removing mechanism and the harmful gas filtering mechanism in sequence through the collecting pipeline; the particle filtering mechanism is used for filtering waste residues and dust in the exhaust gas sucked by the collecting pipeline; the electrostatic dust removing mechanism is used for generating static electricity by electrifying and absorbing tiny particles and dust in the waste gas discharged by the particle filtering mechanism; the harmful gas filtering mechanism is used for adsorbing and intercepting toxic and harmful substances in the exhaust gas discharged by the electrostatic dust removing mechanism; the air supply pipeline is used for discharging filtered air to outdoor atmosphere and/or laboratory space, so that the problems that in the prior art, a building material laboratory adopts a simple ventilation or exhaust device to discharge some dust, tiny waste residues, harmful gases and the like generated in the test process, if the building material laboratory is directly discharged into the atmosphere, certain pollution is caused to ambient air, and the building material laboratory is inhaled by an operator for a long time in a large amount, and certain damage is caused to a body are solved.

Drawings

The accompanying drawings, which are included to provide a further understanding of the utility model and are incorporated in and constitute a part of this specification, illustrate embodiments of the utility model and together with the description serve to explain the utility model. In the drawings:

FIG. 1 is a schematic illustration of an alternative construction material laboratory integral purification apparatus in accordance with an embodiment of the present utility model.

Wherein the above figures include the following reference numerals:

10. a collecting pipeline; 11. a collection cover; 12. collecting branch pipes; 13. a main collection pipe; 20. a particle filtration mechanism; 21. multifunctional filter bag; 22. a waste residue cleaning box; 23. a first filter cartridge; 30. an electrostatic dust removing mechanism; 31. an electrostatic cathode; 32. an electrostatic anode; 33. an oscillating device; 34. a dust cleaning box; 35. a dust removal cylinder; 40. a harmful gas filtering mechanism; 41. a PP cotton filter cloth net; 42. an activated carbon filter screen; 43. a second filter cartridge; 50. a negative pressure suction mechanism; 51. a variable frequency fan; 52. a constant pressure detecting device; 60. an air supply pipeline; 70. automatically adjusting the valve; 80. a pressure detecting instrument; 90. an automatic control cabinet; 100. an electric valve.

Detailed Description

It should be noted that, in the case of no conflict, the embodiments and features in the embodiments may be combined with each other. The utility model will be described in detail below with reference to the drawings in connection with embodiments.

The integral purification device for the building material laboratory according to the embodiment of the utility model, as shown in fig. 1, comprises a collection pipeline 10, a particle filtering mechanism 20, an electrostatic dust removing mechanism 30, a harmful gas filtering mechanism 40, a negative pressure suction mechanism 50 and an air supply pipeline 60; the inlet end of the collecting pipeline 10 is positioned in the laboratory space, and the outlet end of the collecting pipeline 10 is communicated with the inlet end of the particle filtering mechanism 20; the outlet end of the particle filtering mechanism 20 is communicated with the inlet end of the electrostatic dust removing mechanism 30, and the outlet end of the electrostatic dust removing mechanism 30 is communicated with the inlet end of the harmful gas filtering mechanism 40; the outlet end of the harmful gas filtering mechanism 40 is communicated with the inlet end of the negative pressure sucking mechanism 50; the outlet end of the negative pressure suction mechanism 50 is communicated with the inlet end of the air supply pipeline 60; the outlet end of the air supply line 60 communicates with the outdoor atmosphere and/or the laboratory space; wherein the negative pressure suction mechanism 50 is used for generating negative pressure so that air in the laboratory space passes through the particle filtering mechanism 20, the electrostatic dust removing mechanism 30 and the harmful gas filtering mechanism 40 in sequence through the collecting pipeline 10; the particle filter mechanism 20 is used for filtering waste residues and dust in the exhaust gas sucked by the collecting pipeline 10; the electrostatic precipitator mechanism 30 is for generating static electricity by energization and adsorbing minute particles and dust in the exhaust gas discharged from the particle filter mechanism 20; the harmful gas filtering mechanism 40 is used for adsorbing and intercepting toxic and harmful substances in the exhaust gas discharged by the electrostatic precipitator mechanism 30; the supply air duct 60 is used to discharge the filtered air to the outdoor atmosphere and/or the laboratory space.

In particular, as shown in FIG. 1, the supply air duct 60 has a first outlet end that is open to the outdoor atmosphere and a second outlet end that is open to the laboratory space.

In practice, as shown in fig. 1, the collecting line 10 comprises a collecting hood 11, a collecting branch pipe 12 and a main collecting pipe 13; the collecting hoods 11 and the collecting branch pipes 12 are multiple, one end of each collecting branch pipe 12 is communicated with the main collecting pipe 13, the other end of each collecting branch pipe 12 is provided with a suction inlet, and the collecting hoods 11 are arranged on the suction inlets of the collecting branch pipes 12 in a one-to-one correspondence manner; the main collection pipe 13 is communicated with the inlet end of the particle filtering mechanism 20; wherein the collecting hood 11 is used for collecting exhaust gas in the laboratory space, and the collecting branch pipe 12 is used for sucking the exhaust gas collected by the collecting hood 11.

Further, as shown in fig. 1, the particle filtration mechanism 20 includes a first filtration cylinder 23, the first filtration cylinder 23 having an inlet end and an outlet end, the outlet end of the collection pipe 10 being in communication with the inlet end of the first filtration cylinder 23, the outlet end of the first filtration cylinder 23 being in communication with the inlet end of the electrostatic precipitator mechanism 30; a multifunctional filter bag 21, the multifunctional filter bag 21 being disposed within the first filter cylinder 23 and opposite the inlet and outlet ends of the first filter cylinder 23; a slag cleaning box 22, the slag cleaning box 22 is arranged in the first filtering cylinder 23 and is positioned below the multifunctional filtering bag 21; the multifunctional filter bag 21 is used for intercepting large particle waste residues and tiny dust particles in the exhaust gas discharged by the collecting pipeline 10; the slag cleaning box 22 is used for collecting large particle slag and tiny dust particles intercepted by the multifunctional filter bag 21.

Further, as shown in fig. 1, the electrostatic dust collection mechanism 30 includes a dust collection cylinder 35, the dust collection cylinder 35 having an inlet end and an outlet end, the inlet end of the dust collection cylinder 35 being in communication with the outlet end of the particle filtration mechanism 20, the outlet end of the dust collection cylinder 35 being in communication with the inlet end of the harmful gas filtration mechanism 40; the vibration device 33, the vibration device 33 is arranged above the inside of the dust removal cylinder 35; an electrostatic cathode 31 and an electrostatic anode 32, the electrostatic cathode 31 and the electrostatic anode 32 being mounted on the oscillating device 33 and being opposite to the inlet end and the outlet end of the dust removal cylinder 35; a dust cleaning box 34, the dust cleaning box 34 is arranged inside the dust removing cylinder 35 and below the electrostatic cathode 31 and the electrostatic anode 32; wherein, the electrostatic cathode 31 generates cathode static electricity, the electrostatic anode 32 generates anode static electricity, and the combination of the cathode static electricity and the anode static electricity can adsorb tiny particles in the waste gas; when the tiny particles are adsorbed, the vibration device 33 can start vibration to shake off the tiny particles adsorbed on the electrostatic cathode 31 and the electrostatic anode 32 and drop the tiny particles into the dust cleaning box; the dust cleaning box 34 is used for collecting tiny particles falling after vibration, and is convenient to clean.

Further, as shown in fig. 1, the harmful gas filtering mechanism 40 includes a second filtering cylinder 43, the second filtering cylinder 43 having an inlet end and an outlet end, the inlet end of the second filtering cylinder 43 being in communication with the outlet end of the electrostatic precipitator mechanism 30, the outlet end of the second filtering cylinder 43 being in communication with the inlet end of the negative pressure suction mechanism 50; the PP cotton filter cloth net 41 and the active carbon filter net 42 are correspondingly arranged on the side wall of the second filter cylinder 43 and are opposite to the inlet end and the outlet end of the second filter cylinder 43; the PP cotton filter cloth net 41 is used for intercepting tiny particles in the exhaust gas, and the activated carbon filter net 42 is used for adsorbing toxic and harmful substances in the exhaust gas.

In specific implementation, as shown in fig. 1, the negative pressure suction mechanism 50 includes a variable frequency fan 51 and a constant pressure detection device 52; the variable frequency fan 51 has an air suction port and an air supply port; the air suction inlet of the variable-frequency fan 51 is connected with the outlet end of the harmful gas filtering mechanism 40; an air supply port of the variable frequency fan 51 is connected with an inlet end of the air supply pipeline 60; the variable frequency fan 51 is used for generating negative pressure so that the collecting pipeline 10 sucks the waste gas to be treated, sequentially processes the waste gas through the particle filtering mechanism 20, the electrostatic dust removing mechanism 30 and the harmful gas filtering mechanism 40, and discharges the processed gas to the outdoor atmosphere and/or a laboratory space through the air supply pipeline 60; the constant voltage detection devices 52 are multiple, and the constant voltage detection devices 52 are correspondingly arranged at the air suction inlet and the air supply outlet of the variable frequency fan 51, and the constant voltage detection devices 52 are used for monitoring the pressure at the air suction inlet and the air supply outlet of the variable frequency fan 51.

In specific implementation, as shown in fig. 1, the whole purification device of the building material laboratory further comprises an automatic adjusting valve 70, a pressure detecting instrument 80 and an automatic control cabinet 90; the automatic regulating valves 70 and the pressure detecting meters 80 are multiple, and the automatic regulating valves 70 and the pressure detecting meters 80 are correspondingly arranged on the collecting branch pipes 12 and the air supply pipeline 60; the automatic control cabinet 90 is connected with a plurality of automatic regulating valves 70, a plurality of pressure detection meters 80, an electrostatic dust collection mechanism 30 and a negative pressure suction mechanism 50; wherein, the automatic regulating valve 70 is used for controlling the flow rate of the sucked gas of the collecting branch pipe 12 and the flow rate of the discharged gas of the air supply pipeline 60; the pressure detecting instrument 80 is used for monitoring the pressure in the collecting branch pipe 12 and the air supply pipeline 60; the automatic control cabinet 90 is used for controlling the plurality of automatic regulating valves 70, the electrostatic precipitator mechanism 30, and the negative pressure suction mechanism 50 according to the pressures monitored by the plurality of pressure detecting instruments 80.

In specific implementation, the whole purification device of the building material laboratory further comprises an electric valve 100; the electric valve 100 is disposed on the air supply pipeline 60, and the electric valve 100 is connected with the automatic control cabinet 90, when the filtered air passes through, if the electric valve 100 is opened, the air is discharged to the outdoor atmosphere, if the electric valve 100 is closed, the air is discharged into the laboratory space.

The above description is only of the preferred embodiments of the present utility model and is not intended to limit the present utility model, but various modifications and variations can be made to the present utility model by those skilled in the art. Any modification, equivalent replacement, improvement, etc. made within the spirit and principle of the present utility model should be included in the protection scope of the present utility model.

Claims

1. A building material laboratory integral purification device, comprising:

a collecting pipeline (10), a particle filtering mechanism (20), an electrostatic dust removing mechanism (30), a harmful gas filtering mechanism (40), a negative pressure suction mechanism (50) and an air supply pipeline (60);

the inlet end of the collecting pipeline (10) is positioned in the laboratory space, and the outlet end of the collecting pipeline (10) is communicated with the inlet end of the particle filtering mechanism (20); the outlet end of the particle filtering mechanism (20) is communicated with the inlet end of the electrostatic dust removing mechanism (30), and the outlet end of the electrostatic dust removing mechanism (30) is communicated with the inlet end of the harmful gas filtering mechanism (40); the outlet end of the harmful gas filtering mechanism (40) is communicated with the inlet end of the negative pressure suction mechanism (50); the outlet end of the negative pressure suction mechanism (50) is communicated with the inlet end of the air supply pipeline (60);

the outlet end of the air supply pipeline (60) is communicated with the outdoor atmosphere and/or a laboratory space;

wherein the negative pressure suction mechanism (50) is used for generating negative pressure so that air in a laboratory space sequentially passes through the particle filtering mechanism (20), the electrostatic dust removing mechanism (30) and the harmful gas filtering mechanism (40) through the collecting pipeline (10); the particle filtering mechanism (20) is used for filtering waste residues and dust in the exhaust gas sucked by the collecting pipeline (10); the electrostatic dust removing mechanism (30) is used for generating static electricity by electrifying and absorbing tiny particles and dust in the waste gas discharged by the particle filtering mechanism (20); the harmful gas filtering mechanism (40) is used for adsorbing and intercepting toxic and harmful substances in the exhaust gas discharged by the electrostatic dust collection mechanism (30); the air supply pipeline (60) is used for discharging the filtered air to the outdoor atmosphere and/or a laboratory space.

2. The building material laboratory integral purification device of claim 1, wherein said air supply duct (60) has a first outlet end and a second outlet end, said first outlet end being open to the outdoor atmosphere, said second outlet end being open to said laboratory space.

3. The building material laboratory integral purification device according to claim 2, wherein said collection line (10) comprises:

a collecting hood (11), a collecting branch pipe (12) and a main collecting pipe (13);

the collecting covers (11) and the collecting branch pipes (12) are multiple, one end of each collecting branch pipe (12) is communicated with the main collecting pipe (13), the other end of each collecting branch pipe (12) is a suction inlet, and the collecting covers (11) are arranged on the suction inlets of the collecting branch pipes (12) in a one-to-one correspondence manner; the main collecting pipe (13) is communicated with the inlet end of the particle filtering mechanism (20);

wherein the collecting hood (11) is used for collecting the exhaust gas in the laboratory space, and the collecting branch pipe (12) is used for sucking the exhaust gas collected by the collecting hood (11).

4. A building material laboratory integral purification device according to claim 3, wherein said particulate filtration mechanism (20) comprises:

a first filter cylinder (23), the first filter cylinder (23) having an inlet end and an outlet end, the outlet end of the collection line (10) being in communication with the inlet end of the first filter cylinder (23), the outlet end of the first filter cylinder (23) being in communication with the inlet end of the electrostatic precipitator mechanism (30);

a multifunctional filter bag (21), the multifunctional filter bag (21) being arranged inside the first filter cylinder (23) and opposite to the inlet end and the outlet end of the first filter cylinder (23);

a waste residue cleaning box (22), wherein the waste residue cleaning box (22) is arranged in the first filtering cylinder (23) and is positioned below the multifunctional filtering bag (21);

the multifunctional filter bag (21) is used for intercepting large particle waste residues and tiny dust particles in the waste gas discharged by the collecting pipeline (10); the waste residue cleaning box (22) is used for collecting large-particle waste residues and tiny dust particles intercepted by the multifunctional filter bag (21).

5. The building material laboratory integral cleaning apparatus according to claim 4, wherein said electrostatic precipitator mechanism (30) comprises:

a dust removal cylinder (35), the dust removal cylinder (35) having an inlet end and an outlet end, the inlet end of the dust removal cylinder (35) being in communication with the outlet end of the particulate filtering mechanism (20), the outlet end of the dust removal cylinder (35) being in communication with the inlet end of the harmful gas filtering mechanism (40);

the vibration device (33) is arranged above the inside of the dust removal cylinder (35);

an electrostatic cathode (31) and an electrostatic anode (32), wherein the electrostatic cathode (31) and the electrostatic anode (32) are arranged on the oscillating device (33) and are opposite to the inlet end and the outlet end of the dust removal cylinder (35);

a dust cleaning box (34), wherein the dust cleaning box (34) is arranged inside the dust removing cylinder (35) and is positioned below the electrostatic cathode (31) and the electrostatic anode (32);

wherein the electrostatic cathode (31) and the electrostatic anode (32) are used for generating a cathode and an anode to adsorb tiny particles in the exhaust gas; the vibration device (33) is used for generating vibration so as to shake off tiny particles adsorbed on the electrostatic cathode (31) and the electrostatic anode (32); the dust cleaning box (34) is used for collecting tiny particles falling after vibration.

6. The building material laboratory integrated purification device of claim 5, wherein said harmful gas filtration mechanism (40) comprises:

a second filter cylinder (43), the second filter cylinder (43) having an inlet end and an outlet end, the inlet end of the second filter cylinder (43) being in communication with the outlet end of the electrostatic precipitator mechanism (30), the outlet end of the second filter cylinder (43) being in communication with the inlet end of the negative pressure suction mechanism (50);

the PP cotton filter cloth net (41) and the active carbon filter net (42) are correspondingly arranged on the side wall of the second filter cylinder (43) and are opposite to the inlet end and the outlet end of the second filter cylinder (43);

the PP cotton filter cloth net (41) is used for intercepting tiny particles in the waste gas, and the activated carbon filter net (42) is used for adsorbing toxic and harmful substances in the waste gas.

7. The building material laboratory integral purification device of claim 6, wherein said negative pressure suction mechanism (50) comprises:

a variable frequency fan (51) and a constant pressure detection device (52);

the variable frequency fan (51) is provided with an air suction port and an air supply port; the air suction inlet of the variable-frequency fan (51) is connected with the outlet end of the harmful gas filtering mechanism (40); an air supply port of the variable frequency fan (51) is connected with an inlet end of the air supply pipeline (60);

the variable frequency fan (51) is used for generating negative pressure so that the collecting pipeline (10) sucks waste gas to be treated, sequentially processes the waste gas through the particle filtering mechanism (20), the electrostatic dust removing mechanism (30) and the harmful gas filtering mechanism (40), and discharges the processed gas to the outdoor atmosphere and/or a laboratory space through the air supply pipeline (60); the number of the constant voltage detection devices (52) is multiple, the constant voltage detection devices (52) are correspondingly arranged at the air suction inlet and the air supply outlet of the variable frequency fan (51), and the constant voltage detection devices (52) are used for monitoring the pressure at the air suction inlet and the air supply outlet of the variable frequency fan (51).

8. The building material laboratory integral purification apparatus of claim 7, wherein the building material laboratory integral purification apparatus further comprises:

an automatic regulating valve (70), a pressure detecting instrument (80) and an automatic control cabinet (90);

the automatic regulating valves (70) and the pressure detecting instruments (80) are multiple, and the automatic regulating valves (70) and the pressure detecting instruments (80) are correspondingly arranged on the collecting branch pipes (12) and the air supply pipeline (60); the automatic control cabinet (90) is connected with the automatic regulating valves (70), the pressure detecting instruments (80), the electrostatic dust collection mechanism (30) and the negative pressure suction mechanism (50);

wherein the automatic regulating valve (70) is used for controlling the flow rate of the sucked gas of the collecting branch pipe (12) and the flow rate of the discharged gas of the air supply pipeline (60); the pressure detection instrument (80) is used for monitoring the pressure in the collecting branch pipe (12) and the air supply pipeline (60); the automatic control cabinet (90) is used for controlling the automatic regulating valves (70), the electrostatic dust removing mechanism (30) and the negative pressure sucking mechanism (50) according to the pressures monitored by the pressure detecting instruments (80).

9. The building material laboratory integral purification apparatus of claim 1, wherein the building material laboratory integral purification apparatus further comprises:

an electrically operated valve (100);

the electric valve (100) is arranged on the air supply pipeline (60), and the electric valve (100) is used for controlling the air supply pipeline (60) to discharge filtered air to the outdoor atmosphere and/or a laboratory space.