CN219349205U - Miniature low-temperature-resistant all-dry optical cable and production equipment thereof - Google Patents

Abstract

The utility model discloses a miniature low-temperature-resistant all-dry optical cable, which comprises: a layer-stranded cable core, and a steel belt and a sheath which sequentially cover the cable core; the cable core comprises a reinforcing piece arranged in the center and an optical fiber layer coating the reinforcing piece, and water blocking layers are arranged between the adjacent optical fiber layers and between the optical fiber layer and the steel belt; the optical fiber layer comprises a plurality of optical fiber units, each optical fiber unit comprises a plurality of optical fibers and loose tubes wrapping the optical fibers, a first water blocking piece is filled between each optical fiber and each loose tube, a second water blocking piece is filled in each optical fiber layer adjacent to the corresponding reinforcing piece, and a tearing rope is arranged between each optical fiber layer and each steel belt. Compared with the conventional optical cable of the same type, the miniature low-temperature-resistant all-dry optical cable has the advantages that the size is greatly reduced, and the low-temperature performance is greatly improved. The utility model also discloses production equipment for producing the miniature low-temperature-resistant all-dry optical cable.

Description

Miniature low-temperature-resistant all-dry optical cable and production equipment thereof

Technical Field

The utility model relates to the field of optical cable production, in particular to a miniature low-temperature-resistant all-dry optical cable and production equipment thereof.

Background

The core component of the optical cable is an optical fiber, and although the optical fiber has high transmission efficiency, the optical fiber has a very fatal defect, namely, the optical fiber is afraid of water, and the optical fiber is damaged and the attenuation is increased suddenly when the optical fiber is afraid of water. The main materials of the current optical cable for water blocking are divided into ointment and water blocking yarn. The optical cable can be divided into three water-blocking structures according to the arrangement and combination of the water-blocking materials: oil filled, semi-dry and full dry. Oil filling structure: the optical cable water blocking mode of more than 90% is ointment water blocking, namely, ointment is filled inside and outside the loose tube for water blocking, the ointment water blocking has the advantages of simple production process, stable performance and smaller product size, the ointment is toxic to the environment and human body, the environment is not protected, and a large amount of paper towels and alcohol are needed for erasure during construction, so that time and labor are wasted; semi-dry structure: the ointment is filled in the loose tube, and the dry water-blocking material is used outside the loose tube, so that the use of the ointment is reduced to a certain extent, but the ointment in the loose tube still needs to be erased by using paper towels and alcohol, and the environment is not protected enough; the full-dry structure is used as a better solution at present, the use of ointment is completely abandoned, the full-dry water-blocking material is used instead, the ointment is not required to be erased in construction, the environment is protected, the method is convenient and fast, the method is deeply accepted by the market, and however, the current full-dry optical cable still has some problems which are not negligible and need to be solved urgently. The current all-dry optical cable mainly has the following pain points: 1. the size is generally larger: the total dry optical cable is 25% larger than the oil-filled optical cable, and the total dry optical cable has the advantages that the degree of freedom of the optical fibers in the sleeve is reduced due to the fact that the dry water-blocking yarns are used for blocking water in the loose sleeve, a part of space is occupied by the water-blocking yarns, the sleeve size is further reduced very difficultly, and the pipeline utilization rate is low; 2. poor low temperature performance, high attenuation at low temperature: the full dry optical cable is easier to shrink at low temperature, and the optical fiber lacks the protection of ointment while shrinking, so that the phenomenon of attenuation exceeding standard is very easy to occur.

In view of the above, the problems of large size and poor low-temperature performance of the all-dry optical cable are needed to be solved.

Disclosure of Invention

The first objective of the present utility model is to provide a micro low temperature resistant all-dry optical cable, which is used for solving the technical problems of larger size and poor low temperature performance of the all-dry optical cable in the prior art, so as to achieve the technical effects of greatly reducing the size of the all-dry optical cable and greatly improving the low temperature performance.

In order to achieve the first object, the present utility model provides the following solutions:

a miniature low temperature resistant all-dry fiber optic cable comprising: a layer-stranded cable core, and a steel belt and a sheath which sequentially cover the cable core;

the cable core comprises a reinforcing piece arranged in the center and an optical fiber layer coating the reinforcing piece, and water blocking layers are arranged between the adjacent optical fiber layers and between the optical fiber layer and the steel belt;

the optical fiber layer comprises a plurality of optical fiber units, each optical fiber unit comprises a plurality of optical fibers and loose tubes wrapping the optical fibers, a first water blocking piece is filled between each optical fiber and each loose tube, a second water blocking piece is filled in each optical fiber layer adjacent to the corresponding reinforcing piece, and a tearing rope is arranged between each optical fiber layer and each steel belt.

Further, the outer sheath is made of thermoplastic resin materials or low-smoke halogen-free materials.

Further, the water blocking layer is a water blocking belt and/or water blocking yarns, and the second water blocking piece is water blocking yarns.

Further, the loose tube is made of PBT material with a low linear expansion coefficient.

Further, the first water blocking piece is an ultra-fine ultra-high expansion plastic water blocking yarn.

Further, the reinforcement is a tensile reinforcement of a fiber reinforced composite material or a metallic material.

In order to achieve the second object, the present utility model also provides a micro low temperature resistant all dry optical cable production apparatus for producing the micro low temperature resistant all dry optical cable as described above, comprising: the device comprises a coloring device, a first pay-off rack, a branching plate, extrusion molding equipment, a crawler-type stress release machine, a first take-up rack, a second pay-off rack, a cabling device and a second take-up rack which are sequentially arranged;

a coloring device for coloring the optical fiber;

the first pay-off rack is used for paying off the optical fibers and the water-blocking yarns and controlling paying-off tension of the optical fibers and the water-blocking yarns;

the branching plate is used for adjusting the distribution state between the optical fiber and the water-blocking yarns;

the extrusion molding equipment is used for extruding loose tubes for coating optical fibers and water-blocking yarns and cooling and molding the loose tubes and comprises a loose tube extruder, a first water tank and a second water tank which are sequentially arranged;

the crawler-type stress release machine is used for eliminating the internal stress of the loose tube and improving the crystallinity of the loose tube;

the first wire collecting frame is used for winding the optical fiber unit;

the second pay-off rack is used for paying off the loose tube and the FRP respectively and controlling paying-off tension of the loose tube and the FRP;

the cabling equipment is used for twisting cables and comprises a twisting cable machine and a twisting mould arranged on the twisting cable machine;

the optical fiber discharged by the first pay-off rack sequentially passes through the branching plate, the extrusion molding equipment, the crawler-type stress release machine, the first pay-off rack, the second pay-off rack and the cabling equipment, and the obtained finished optical cable is wound by the second pay-off rack.

Further, a sleeve air needle is arranged between the branching plate and the extrusion molding equipment, the sleeve air needle comprises a wire inlet portion and an air inlet portion, the wire inlet portion is in a round table shape, one side of a larger plane of the round table and one side of a smaller plane of the round table are respectively a wire inlet hole and a wire outlet hole of the wire inlet portion, and the air inlet portion comprises a plurality of air inlet guide grooves which are uniformly arranged around the wire inlet hole and are communicated with the wire inlet portion.

Further, the twisting mold is plum blossom-shaped, and comprises a central hole and a plurality of reaming holes which are distributed outside the central hole and partially overlapped with the central hole.

Further, the branching plate comprises a first through hole in the center of the branching plate and a plurality of second through holes evenly arranged around the first through hole, and round chamfers are arranged at the edges of the first through holes and the second through holes.

The beneficial effects are that:

according to the technical scheme, the miniature low-temperature-resistant all-dry optical cable and the production equipment thereof are provided, the miniature low-temperature-resistant all-dry optical cable produced by the production equipment is compact in internal structure and reasonable in distribution, and compared with the conventional optical cable of the same type, the miniature low-temperature-resistant all-dry optical cable is greatly reduced in size. In addition, a stress release link is added in the production process of the optical cable, so that the post shrinkage of the optical cable in a low-temperature environment is reduced, and the low-temperature performance of the optical cable is greatly improved.

It should be understood that all combinations of the foregoing concepts, as well as additional concepts described in more detail below, may be considered a part of the inventive subject matter of the present disclosure as long as such concepts are not mutually inconsistent.

The foregoing and other aspects, embodiments, and features of the present teachings will be more fully understood from the following description, taken together with the accompanying drawings. Other additional aspects of the utility model, such as features and/or advantages of the exemplary embodiments, will be apparent from the description which follows, or may be learned by practice of the embodiments according to the teachings of the utility model.

Drawings

The drawings are not intended to be drawn to scale. In the drawings, each identical or nearly identical component that is illustrated in various figures may be represented by a like numeral. For purposes of clarity, not every component may be labeled in every drawing. Embodiments of various aspects of the utility model will now be described, by way of example, with reference to the accompanying drawings, in which:

FIG. 1 is a schematic cross-sectional view of a miniature low temperature resistant all-dry optical cable in an embodiment of the present application;

FIG. 2 is a schematic diagram of a production facility for a miniature low temperature resistant all-dry optical cable in an embodiment of the present application;

FIG. 3 is a schematic plan view of a branching plate according to an embodiment of the present application;

FIG. 4 is a side view of a trocar in an embodiment of the present application;

FIG. 5 is a side rear view of a trocar in an embodiment of the present application;

FIG. 6 is a schematic plan view of a track on a stress relief machine in an embodiment of the present application;

fig. 7 is a schematic plan view of a twisting mold in an embodiment of the present application.

In the drawings, the meanings of the reference numerals are as follows:

1. a steel strip; 2. a sheath; 3. a reinforcing member; 4. a water blocking layer; 5. an optical fiber unit; 6. a second water blocking member; 7. tearing the rope; 8. a first pay-off rack; 9. a branching plate; 91. a first through hole; 92. a second through hole; 10. a cannula air needle; 101. a wire inlet part; 102. an air inlet part; 103. a wire inlet hole; 104. a wire outlet hole; 105. an air inlet guide groove; 11. a loose tube extruder; 12. a first water tank; 13. a second water tank; 14. a crawler-type stress release machine; 15. a first wire collecting frame; 16. twisting a die; 161. a central bore; 162. and (5) reaming.

Detailed Description

In order to make the purpose and technical solution of the embodiments of the present utility model more clear, the technical solution of the present utility model will be clearly and completely described below in connection with the embodiments of the present utility model. It will be apparent that the described embodiments are some, but not all, embodiments of the utility model. All other embodiments, which can be made by a person skilled in the art without creative efforts, based on the described embodiments of the present utility model fall within the protection scope of the present utility model.

It will be understood by those skilled in the art that, unless otherwise defined, all terms (including technical and scientific terms) used herein have the same meaning as commonly understood by one of ordinary skill in the art to which this utility model belongs. It will be further understood that terms, such as those defined in commonly used dictionaries, should be interpreted as having a meaning that is consistent with their meaning in the context of the prior art and will not be interpreted in an idealized or overly formal sense unless expressly so defined herein.

The embodiment of the utility model discloses a miniature low-temperature-resistant all-dry optical cable, which is used for effectively solving the problems of large size and poor low-temperature performance of the all-dry optical cable.

Referring to fig. 1, the components according to the embodiment of the present utility model include a stranded cable core, and a steel strip 1 and a sheath 2 which sequentially cover the cable core.

The cable core comprises a reinforcing piece 3 arranged in the center and an optical fiber layer wrapping the reinforcing piece 3, wherein a water blocking layer 4 is arranged between the adjacent optical fiber layers and between the optical fiber layer and the steel belt 1;

the optical fiber layer comprises a plurality of optical fiber units 5, each optical fiber unit 5 comprises a plurality of optical fibers and loose tubes wrapping the optical fibers, a first water blocking piece is filled between each optical fiber and each loose tube, a second water blocking piece 6 is filled in the optical fiber layer adjacent to the reinforcing piece 3, and a tearing rope 7 is arranged between each optical fiber layer and the corresponding steel belt 1.

In the above structure, the sheath 2 is made of a thermoplastic resin material (PE) or a low smoke zero halogen material (LSZH), wherein when PE is used, normal PE or flame-retardant PE is selected, and when flame-retardant PE or LSZH is used, the optical cable has flame-retardant property; the thickness of the steel belt 1 is 0.15mm-0.25mm, so as to achieve better protection effect; the water blocking layer 4 is a water blocking tape and/or water blocking yarn or other dry components capable of effectively blocking water (the thickness of the water blocking tape is 0.2mm or the water blocking yarn is 3.0), wherein the water blocking tape is required to be: the expansion rate is more than or equal to 15 mm/min, the expansion height is more than or equal to 12mm, and the water-blocking yarn requires: the expansion rate is more than or equal to 70 mL/g/min, and the expansion rate is more than or equal to 70mL/g; the second water blocking piece 6 is water blocking yarn, and the linear density of the second water blocking piece is 1500dtex; the reinforcement 3 is a fiber reinforced composite material or a tensile reinforcement 3 made of a metal material, and specifically, materials such as FRP or steel wires can be used.

In the optical fiber unit 5, the loose tube is made of a PBT material with a low linear expansion coefficient, the linear expansion coefficient is less than or equal to 1.010-4k < -1 >, the second water blocking piece 6 is an ultra-fine ultra-high expansion plastic water blocking yarn with a linear density of 300dtex, and the water absorption expansion rate is more than or equal to 70 ml/g/min.

As shown in fig. 2 to 7, the present embodiment further provides a micro low temperature resistant all dry optical cable production apparatus for producing the micro low temperature resistant all dry optical cable described above, comprising: the device comprises a coloring device, a first pay-off rack 8, a branching plate 9, extrusion molding equipment, a crawler-type stress release machine 14, a first take-up rack 15, a second pay-off rack, a cabling device and a second take-up rack which are sequentially arranged;

a coloring device for coloring the optical fiber;

the first pay-off rack 8 is used for paying off the optical fibers and the water-blocking yarns and controlling paying-off tension of the optical fibers and the water-blocking yarns;

the branching plate 9 is used for adjusting the distribution state between the optical fibers and the water-blocking yarns;

the extrusion molding equipment is used for extruding loose tubes for coating optical fibers and water-blocking yarns and cooling and molding the loose tubes, and comprises a loose tube extruder 11, a first water tank 12 and a second water tank 13 which are sequentially arranged;

a crawler-type stress release machine 14 for eliminating the internal stress of the loose tube and improving the crystallinity of the loose tube;

a first pay-off rack 15 for winding the optical fiber unit 5;

the second pay-off rack is used for paying off the loose tube and the FRP respectively and controlling paying-off tension of the loose tube and the FRP;

a cabling apparatus for cabling comprising a cable twisting machine and a twisting mold 16 disposed thereon;

the optical fibers discharged from the first pay-off rack 8 sequentially pass through the branching plate 9, extrusion molding equipment, a crawler-type stress release machine 14, a first pay-off rack 15, a second pay-off rack and cabling equipment, and the obtained finished optical cable is wound up by the second pay-off rack.

Through the production equipment, the miniature low-temperature-resistant all-dry optical cable with greatly reduced size and greatly improved low-temperature performance can be obtained. Wherein, the branching plate 9 comprises a first through hole 91 at the center thereof and a plurality of second through holes 92 uniformly arranged around the first through hole 91. In this embodiment, taking a 12-core optical fiber as an example, the splitter plate 9 has a disk shape with a diameter of 50mm and a thickness of 5mm, and the splitter plate 9 includes a first through hole 91 at the center and 12 second through holes 92 disposed around the first through hole 91 and the second through hole 92 with diameters of 3mm and 2mm, respectively, and edges of the first through hole 91 and the second through hole 92 are provided with round chamfers to effectively include the optical fiber and the water blocking yarn so as to smoothly pass through the splitter plate 9 and reduce abrasion, and the round chamfers are 1/4 round chamfers with a chamfer radius of 0.2-0.5 mm. The water-blocking yarn and the optical fiber pass through the splitter plate 9 via the first through hole 91 and the second through hole 92, respectively, to perform subsequent processing including loose tubes. By redesigning and modifying the splitter plate 9, the distribution of the optical fibers and the water blocking yarns inside the loose tube is optimized.

As shown in fig. 4 and 5, the production device further includes a sleeve air needle 10, the sleeve air needle 10 is disposed between the branching plate 9 and the extrusion molding device, the sleeve air needle 10 includes a wire inlet portion 101 and an air inlet portion 102, the wire inlet portion 101 is in a shape of a circular truncated cone, one side of a larger plane and one side of a smaller plane of the circular truncated cone are respectively a wire inlet hole 103 and a wire outlet hole 104 of the wire inlet portion 101, and the air inlet portion 102 includes a plurality of air inlet guide grooves 105 which are uniformly disposed around the wire inlet hole 103 and are communicated with the wire inlet portion 101. In this embodiment, the length of the inlet portion 101 is 100mm-120mm, where the caliber of the inlet hole 103 is 5mm-6mm, the caliber of the outlet hole 104 is 1.8mm-2.0mm, the inlet portion 102 is four cylindrical inlet guide grooves 105, and the caliber and the height of the inlet guide grooves 105 are 2mm and 50mm, respectively. Through the arrangement of the sleeve gas needle 10, the inflation channel is optimized, the control of the gas pressure is facilitated, and the stability of the outer diameter of the loose sleeve in subsequent production is ensured.

In this embodiment, as shown in fig. 6, the crawler belt disposed on the crawler-type stress relief machine 14 is in a shape of rectangular teeth that are uniformly arranged, specifically, the crawler belt is made of glass fiber yarn+tpu, and has a width of 100mm, a length of 1000mm, a space between the rectangular teeth of 10mm, a length of 1000mm, a width of 1.5mm, and a height of 2mm, so as to cooperate with the stress relief machine to perform the relief of the internal stress of the loose tube. In addition, the twisting mold 16 of the cabling apparatus has a plum blossom shape, as shown in fig. 7, the twisting mold 16 includes a central hole 161 and a plurality of hinge holes 162 distributed outside the central hole 161 and partially overlapping the central hole. Specifically, the hinge holes 162 are semicircular, the number of the hinge holes is consistent with the twisting number of the loose tubes, and the outer diameter of the hinge holes is 0.2mm larger than that of the loose tubes, so that the tightness of cabling is effectively ensured, the linear expansion coefficients are ensured to be more uniform, and the low-temperature performance of the finished optical cable is effectively improved.

The miniature low-temperature-resistant all-dry optical cable produced by the production equipment in the embodiment has the following quantifiable performances:

(1) Taking 12-core optical fiber as an example, the outer diameter of the optical fiber is reduced to 1.9mm-2.1mm;

(2) Attenuation variation at-50 ℃ is less than 0.01dB/km;

(3) Taking 288 cores as an example, the outer diameter is reduced by 15%, and the cable weight is reduced by 25%.

While the utility model has been described with reference to preferred embodiments, it is not intended to be limiting. Those skilled in the art will appreciate that various modifications and adaptations can be made without departing from the spirit and scope of the present utility model. Accordingly, the scope of the utility model is defined by the appended claims.

Claims (10)

1. A miniature low temperature resistant all-dry fiber optic cable comprising: a layer-stranded cable core, and a steel belt (1) and a sheath (2) which sequentially cover the cable core;

the cable core comprises a reinforcing piece (3) arranged in the center and an optical fiber layer coating the reinforcing piece (3), wherein a water blocking layer (4) is arranged between the adjacent optical fiber layers and between the optical fiber layer and the steel belt (1);

the optical fiber layer comprises a plurality of optical fiber units (5), each optical fiber unit (5) comprises a plurality of optical fibers and loose tubes wrapping the optical fibers, a first water blocking piece is filled between each optical fiber and each loose tube, a second water blocking piece (6) is filled in each optical fiber layer adjacent to the corresponding reinforcing piece (3), and a tearing rope (7) is arranged between each optical fiber layer and the corresponding steel belt (1).

2. The miniature low temperature resistant all-dry optical cable of claim 1, wherein: the sheath (2) is made of thermoplastic resin material or low-smoke halogen-free material.

3. The miniature low temperature resistant all-dry optical cable of claim 1, wherein: the water blocking layer (4) is a water blocking belt and/or water blocking yarns, and the second water blocking piece (6) is water blocking yarns.

4. The miniature low temperature resistant all-dry optical cable of claim 1, wherein: the loose tube is made of PBT material with a low linear expansion coefficient.

5. The miniature low temperature resistant all-dry optical cable of claim 1, wherein: the first water blocking piece is an ultra-fine ultra-high expansion plastic water blocking yarn.

6. The miniature low temperature resistant all-dry optical cable of claim 1, wherein: the reinforcement (3) is a tensile reinforcement (3) of a fibre reinforced composite material or a metallic material.

7. A miniature low temperature resistant all-dry optical cable production apparatus for producing a miniature low temperature resistant all-dry optical cable as claimed in any one of claims 1 to 6, comprising: the device comprises a coloring device, a first pay-off rack (8), a branching plate (9), extrusion molding equipment, a crawler-type stress release machine (14), a first take-up rack (15), a second pay-off rack, a cabling device and a second take-up rack which are sequentially arranged;

a coloring device for coloring the optical fiber;

the first pay-off rack (8) is used for paying off the optical fibers and the water-blocking yarns and controlling paying-off tension of the optical fibers and the water-blocking yarns;

the branching plate (9) is used for adjusting the distribution state between the optical fibers and the water-blocking yarns;

the extrusion molding equipment is used for extruding loose tubes for coating optical fibers and water-blocking yarns and cooling and molding the loose tubes, and comprises a loose tube extruder (11), a first water tank (12) and a second water tank (13) which are sequentially arranged;

the crawler-type stress release machine (14) is used for eliminating the internal stress of the loose tube and improving the crystallinity of the loose tube;

the first receiving frame (15) is used for winding the optical fiber unit (5);

the second pay-off rack is used for paying off the loose tube and the reinforcing piece respectively and controlling paying-off tension of the loose tube and the reinforcing piece;

the cabling equipment is used for twisting cables and comprises a cable twisting machine and a twisting die (16) arranged on the cable twisting machine;

the optical fibers released by the first pay-off rack (8) sequentially pass through the branching plate (9), extrusion molding equipment, a crawler-type stress release machine (14), a first pay-off rack (15), a second pay-off rack and cabling equipment, and the obtained finished optical cable is wound by the second pay-off rack.

8. The miniature low temperature resistant all-dry optical cable production equipment according to claim 7, wherein: the novel plastic extrusion molding device is characterized in that a sleeve air needle (10) is arranged between the branching plate (9) and the plastic extrusion molding device, the sleeve air needle (10) comprises an inlet wire portion (101) and an inlet wire portion (102), the inlet wire portion (101) is in a round table shape, one side of a larger plane of the round table and one side of a smaller plane of the round table are respectively provided with an inlet wire hole (103) and an outlet wire hole (104) of the inlet wire portion (101), and the inlet wire portion (102) comprises a plurality of inlet air guide grooves (105) which are uniformly arranged around the inlet wire hole (103) and are communicated with the inlet wire portion (101).

9. The miniature low temperature resistant all-dry optical cable production equipment according to claim 7, wherein: the twisting mold (16) is plum blossom-shaped, and the twisting mold (16) comprises a central hole (161) and a plurality of reaming holes (162) which are distributed outside the central hole (161) and partially overlapped with the central hole.

10. The miniature low temperature resistant all-dry optical cable production equipment according to claim 7, wherein: the branching plate (9) comprises a first through hole (91) at the center of the branching plate and a plurality of second through holes (92) which are uniformly arranged around the first through hole (91), and round chamfers are arranged at the edges of the first through hole (91) and the second through hole (92).

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