CN219341856U - Electrochemical device for removing heavy metal and cooperatively removing fluorine in industrial wastewater - Google Patents
Electrochemical device for removing heavy metal and cooperatively removing fluorine in industrial wastewater Download PDFInfo
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- CN219341856U CN219341856U CN202320072119.4U CN202320072119U CN219341856U CN 219341856 U CN219341856 U CN 219341856U CN 202320072119 U CN202320072119 U CN 202320072119U CN 219341856 U CN219341856 U CN 219341856U
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Abstract
The utility model provides an electrochemical device for removing heavy metals and cooperatively removing fluorine in industrial wastewater. The electrochemical device comprises a pulse power supply assembly and an electrolytic tank main body connected with the pulse power supply assembly, wherein a water inlet pipe and a water outlet pipe are arranged at the opposite ends of the electrolytic tank main body, the direction from the water inlet pipe to the water outlet pipe is the water flow direction, a plurality of mutually connected heavy metal removal electrode groups are arranged in the electrolytic tank main body along the water flow direction, each heavy metal removal electrode group at least comprises a fluorine removal electrode group, heavy metal removal and arsenic removal electrode groups, each fluorine removal electrode group consists of an anode and a cathode which are oppositely arranged, and the anode of each fluorine removal electrode group is an aluminum polar plate; the heavy metal and arsenic removing electrode group consists of an anode and a cathode which are oppositely arranged, and the anode of the heavy metal and arsenic removing electrode group is an iron polar plate. The electrochemical device for removing heavy metal and cooperatively removing fluorine in industrial wastewater can efficiently and deeply remove fluorine and cooperatively remove heavy metal and arsenic.
Description
Technical Field
The utility model relates to an electrochemical device for removing heavy metals and cooperatively removing fluorine in industrial wastewater.
Background
The industrial production discharges a large amount of fluorine-containing three wastes, which are the most important aspects of artificial environmental fluorine pollution, and relates to industries such as aluminum electrolysis, steel, electric power, cement, phosphate fertilizer, ceramics, glass, photovoltaics, semiconductors, pharmacy and the like, a large amount of fluorine-containing wastewater, smoke and dust can be produced, fluorine pollution is caused to different degrees, the limit value of fluoride in domestic drinking water is 1.0mg/L, and the fluoride can be absorbed by human bodies through respiratory tracts, digestive tracts and skin after long-term contact with excessive inorganic fluoride in domestic drinking water, so that systemic chronic diseases which are mainly symptoms of skeleton change, namely industrial fluorine diseases, are caused. In addition, fluorine has certain irritation and corrosion effects on human skin and mucous membranes, and burns of different degrees can be caused after contact. Meanwhile, the industrial wastewater also contains heavy metals and arsenic, and even low-concentration heavy metals and arsenic can bring serious threat to human health and survival of animals and plants because the heavy metals and arsenic have the characteristics of high toxicity, non-biodegradability, easy enrichment in organisms, slow metabolism and the like.
At present, the main technology for removing fluorine, heavy metals and arsenic in industrial wastewater mainly adopts a chemical precipitation method, and main chemical agents respectively added are lime, ferric salt, aluminum sulfate and the like, which react with the heavy metals, arsenic and fluorine in the wastewater to form precipitates for removal, and also adopts an electrochemical or electroflocculation device to remove the heavy metals and arsenic in the wastewater, and then fluorine in the wastewater is removed by adding a defluorination agent such as aluminum sulfate and the like, and in addition, some filtration adsorption, membrane treatment methods and the like are adopted. However, these processes have regeneration solutions or concentrates that need to be treated again, and heavy metals and arsenic cannot be removed simultaneously during the defluorination process.
Disclosure of Invention
Based on the method, the utility model provides the electrochemical device for removing heavy metal and fluorine cooperatively for industrial wastewater, thereby achieving the purposes of efficiently, deeply and stably removing heavy metal and arsenic from wastewater, simultaneously cooperatively removing fluorine in wastewater, reducing the running cost of the conventional treatment process and reducing the generation amount of sludge.
The utility model provides an electrochemical device for removing heavy metals and synergetic fluorine in industrial wastewater, which comprises a pulse power supply assembly and an electrolytic tank main body connected with the pulse power supply assembly, wherein water inlet pipes and water outlet pipes are arranged at the opposite ends of the electrolytic tank main body, the direction from the water inlet pipes to the water outlet pipes is the water flow direction, a plurality of mutually connected heavy metal removing electrode groups are arranged in the electrolytic tank main body along the water flow direction, each heavy metal removing electrode group at least comprises a fluorine removing electrode group, heavy metal removing electrode groups and arsenic removing electrode groups, each fluorine removing electrode group consists of oppositely arranged anodes and cathodes, and the anodes of each fluorine removing electrode group are aluminum polar plates; the heavy metal and arsenic removing electrode group consists of an anode and a cathode which are oppositely arranged, and the anode of the heavy metal and arsenic removing electrode group is an iron polar plate.
Further, the plurality of heavy metal removal electrode groups and fluorine removal electrode groups are arranged at intervals or in a combined manner.
Further, the plurality of heavy metal removing electrode groups are arranged in a step shape.
Further, the cathode of the defluorination electrode group is one of an aluminum polar plate, an iron polar plate, a titanium polar plate and a platinum polar plate.
Further, a baffle plate is arranged between two adjacent heavy metal removal electrode groups, and the baffle plate is arranged around the heavy metal removal electrode groups in a surrounding mode.
Further, an electrode scraping plate is arranged on the baffle plate and comprises an anode plate, a cathode plate and a scraping plate connecting rod connected with the anode plate and the cathode plate, one end of the scraping plate connecting rod is hinged with one of the anode plate and the cathode plate, and the other end of the scraping plate connecting rod is connected with the other one of the anode plate and the cathode plate through a compression spring.
Further, an electrode bearing plate is arranged below the heavy metal removing electrode group, and the heavy metal removing electrode group is placed on the electrode bearing plate.
Further, the electrochemical device further comprises a sewage draining main body arranged below the electrolytic tank main body, the sewage draining main body comprises a plurality of sludge tank main bodies which are connected with each other, and a sludge discharging port communicated with the outside is arranged in the sludge tank main body.
In a second aspect, the utility model provides a method for removing heavy metals from industrial wastewater by synergistic deep fluorine removal, and an electrochemical device for removing heavy metals from industrial wastewater by synergistic fluorine removal is adopted.
Further, the pulse power supply assembly is turned on, wastewater flows into the electrolytic tank main body, flows through the mutually connected heavy metal removing electrode groups in sequence along the water flow direction, and sludge generated in the electrolytic process enters the sludge tank main body and is discharged through the sludge discharge port.
Further, the current density of the electrolytic tank main body is 50-1000A/m 2 The current density is adjusted according to the content of heavy metal or fluorine in the wastewater.
Compared with the prior art, the utility model has the following advantages:
the electrochemical device for removing heavy metal and synergetic defluorination of industrial wastewater comprises the heavy metal and arsenic removal electrode groups and the defluorination electrode groups, wherein the heavy metal removal electrode groups are arranged at intervals or in a combined mode, iron ions and aluminum ions can be continuously and uninterruptedly electrolyzed in the wastewater, and electrode mud containing heavy metal generated in the electrolysis process is scraped into a sludge tank by an electrode scraping plate, so that valuable heavy metal can be recovered.
The electrode chambers are separated by baffle plates, the hydraulic performance of water is innovative, the flow channel reaction time of the electrode chamber water is increased, the electrochemical current density can be adjusted according to the contents of fluorine, heavy metal and arsenic in different waste water, and the heavy metal and arsenic can be removed by high-efficiency and deep fluorine removal.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic structural view of an electrochemical device for removing heavy metals and cooperatively removing fluorine from industrial wastewater;
FIG. 2 is an enlarged view of a portion of the electrochemical device A for removing heavy metals and co-removing fluorine from industrial wastewater shown in FIG. 1;
in the figure: the device comprises a pulse power supply assembly 1, a power supply connecting wire 2, a water inlet pipe 3, a water inlet tank 4, an electrode chamber 5, a heavy metal removal electrode group 6, a baffle plate 7, a water outlet tank 8, a water outlet pipe 9, a sludge tank main body 10, a supporting plate 11, a sludge tank 12, an electrolytic tank main body 13, a sludge discharge port 14, an anode plate 15, a cathode plate 16, an electrode scraping plate 17 and a scraping plate connecting rod 18.
Detailed Description
The following description of the embodiments of the present utility model will be made more fully hereinafter with reference to the accompanying drawings, in which embodiments of the utility model are shown, in which some, but not all embodiments of the utility model are shown. All other embodiments, which can be made by those skilled in the art based on the embodiments of the utility model without making any inventive effort, are intended to be within the scope of the utility model.
Referring to fig. 1-2, the utility model provides an electrochemical device for removing heavy metals and co-removing fluorine from industrial wastewater, which comprises a pulse power supply assembly 1 and an electrolytic tank main body 13 connected with the pulse power supply assembly, wherein one end of the electrolytic tank main body is provided with a water inlet pipe 3, the other end of the electrolytic tank main body is provided with a water outlet pipe 9, the direction from the water inlet pipe to the water outlet pipe is a water flow direction, a plurality of heavy metal removing electrode groups 6 which are connected with each other are arranged in the electrolytic tank main body along the water flow direction, the heavy metal removing electrode groups at least comprise fluorine removing electrode groups, heavy metal removing electrode groups and arsenic removing electrode groups, the fluorine removing electrode groups are composed of anodes and cathodes which are oppositely arranged, and the anodes of the fluorine removing electrode groups are aluminum polar plates; the heavy metal and arsenic removing electrode group consists of an anode and a cathode which are oppositely arranged, and the anode of the heavy metal and arsenic removing electrode group is an iron polar plate.
Further, the plurality of heavy metal removal electrode groups and fluorine removal electrode groups are arranged at intervals or in a combined manner.
Further, the plurality of heavy metal removing electrode groups are arranged in a step shape.
Further, the cathode of the defluorination electrode group is one of an aluminum polar plate, an iron polar plate, a titanium polar plate and a platinum polar plate.
Further, a baffle 7 is arranged between two adjacent heavy metal removing electrode groups, and the baffle is arranged around the heavy metal removing electrode groups in a surrounding mode.
Further, an electrode scraping plate 17 is arranged on the baffle plate, the electrode scraping plate comprises an anode plate 15, a cathode plate 16 and a scraping plate connecting rod 18 for connecting the anode plate and the cathode plate, one end of the scraping plate connecting rod is hinged with one of the anode plate and the cathode plate, and the other end of the scraping plate connecting rod is connected with the other one of the anode plate and the cathode plate through a compression spring.
Further, an electrode bearing plate is arranged below the heavy metal removing electrode group, and the heavy metal removing electrode group is placed on the electrode bearing plate.
Further, the electrochemical device for removing heavy metals and co-removing fluorine from industrial wastewater further comprises a sewage disposal main body arranged below the electrolytic tank main body, wherein the sewage disposal main body comprises a plurality of sludge tank main bodies 10 which are connected with each other, and a sludge discharge port 14 communicated with the outside is arranged in the sludge tank main body.
In a second aspect, the utility model provides a method for removing heavy metals from industrial wastewater by synergistic deep fluorine removal, and an electrochemical device for removing heavy metals from industrial wastewater by synergistic fluorine removal is adopted.
Further, the method for removing heavy metals from industrial wastewater by cooperating with deep defluorination is to turn on a pulse power supply assembly, and the wastewater flows into the electrolytic tank main body and sequentially flows through the mutually connected heavy metal removing electrode groups along the water flow direction, and sludge generated in the electrolytic process enters the sludge tank main body and is discharged from a sludge discharge port.
Further, the current density of the electrolytic tank main body is 50-1000A/m 2 The current density is adjusted according to the content of heavy metal or fluorine in the wastewater. The reaction time of the wastewater passing through the sludge tank is 1-30min, the concentration of fluoride ions after treatment is less than 1ppm, and the concentration of heavy metals or arsenic is superior to the first-level A emission standard of pollutant emission standards of urban sewage treatment plants (GB 18918-2002).
Specifically, the pulse power supply assembly is connected with the electrolytic bath main body through the power supply connecting wire 2. The number of the heavy metal removing electrode groups can be 2-8, and the heavy metal removing electrode groups at least comprise fluorine removing electrode groups, heavy metal and arsenic removing electrode groups and other heavy metal removing electrode groups. The defluorination electrode is one or two of an aluminum electrode, an iron electrode, a titanium electrode and a platinum electrode. The heavy metal removing electrode is one or two of an aluminum electrode, an iron electrode, a titanium electrode and a platinum electrode. A water inlet groove 4 is formed between one heavy metal removing electrode group and the shell wall provided with the water inlet pipe, a water outlet groove 8 is formed between the other heavy metal removing electrode group and the shell wall provided with the water outlet pipe, and a cavity between the baffle plate and the electrode group is an electrode chamber 5. In addition, the setting positions of a plurality of sludge tank main bodies respectively correspond to the setting positions of a plurality of electrode chambers, each sludge tank main body is formed by encircling a supporting plate 11, the inner cavity of the sludge tank main body is a sludge tank 12 communicated with the electrode chambers, and a sludge discharge port 14 is arranged in the sludge tank.
The utility model relates to an electrochemical device for removing heavy metal and co-removing fluorine in industrial wastewater, which at least comprises a fluorine-removing electrode group, a heavy metal-removing electrode group and an arsenic-removing electrode group, wherein the components are arranged at intervals or in a combined way, iron ions and aluminum ions are electrolyzed out from the wastewater at the same time, the electrochemical current density can be adjusted according to the contents of fluorine, heavy metal and arsenic in different wastewater, the aim of high-efficiency fluorine-removing co-removing heavy metal and arsenic can be achieved, the treatment effect is superior to that of the conventional treatment process, and the contents of fluorine, heavy metal and arsenic in wastewater after treatment can reach and be superior to the first-level A emission standard of pollutant emission standard GB18918-2002 of urban wastewater treatment plant. Meanwhile, the cost of adding the reagent such as aluminum sulfate and the like in the conventional wastewater defluorination process can be reduced, and a large amount of sludge generated by adding the reagent such as aluminum sulfate and the like is avoided.
According to the electrochemical device for removing heavy metals and co-removing fluorine from industrial wastewater, the water inlet pipe 3 and the water inlet groove 4 are positioned at one side of the device, two adjacent electrode groups are separated by the baffle plate, the two adjacent electrode groups sequentially enter different electrode chambers 5 through the baffle plate 7, treated water is discharged from the water outlet groove 8 and the water outlet pipe 9, and sludge generated in the electrolysis process enters the sludge tank main body 10 and the sludge tank 12 and is discharged from the sludge discharge port 14.
The electrochemical device for removing heavy metal and synergetic defluorination of industrial wastewater utilizes cations generated by a soluble anode (usually an iron anode or an aluminum anode) to hydrolyze and polymerize in a solution to generate a series of polynuclear hydroxyl complexes and hydroxides. And direct current is introduced between the anode and the cathode, and the anode material is used as iron, and the electrode reaction occurs as shown in formulas (1) to (4):
the anode is iron: fe-2e → Fe 2+ (1)
Under alkaline conditions: fe (Fe) 2+ +2OH-＝Fe(OH) 2 (2)
Under acidic conditions: 4Fe 2+ +O 2 +2H 2 O＝4Fe 3+ +4OH - (3)
During electrolysis of water, oxygen is also evolved: 2H (H) 2 O-4e＝O 2 +4H + (4)
The polynuclear hydroxyl complex and hydroxide serve as flocculating agents to perform flocculation, and the generated complex ions and hydroxide have high adsorption activity, and the adsorption capacity of the polynuclear hydroxyl complex and hydroxide is higher than that of the hydroxide obtained by hydrolysis of a common medicament method. The method can be effectively combined with part of heavy metal ions to form flocculation precipitation, and meanwhile, the other part of heavy metal ions undergo oxidation-reduction reaction at a cathode to form cathode mud, as shown in a reaction formula (5):
the reaction takes place at the cathode: 2H (H) 2 O+2e→H 2 ↑+2OH - (5)
The polynuclear hydroxyl complex generated by the anode, hydroxide and heavy metal ions are subjected to redox reaction in the cathode for cooperative treatment, so that the heavy metal ions are high in removal rate, meanwhile, heavy metal floccules enter a subsequent conventional coagulating sedimentation treatment procedure, and electrode mud enters a sludge tank, so that the discharge of hazardous waste and solid waste can be reduced, the environmental pollution is reduced, the heavy metal can be recycled, and the resource is recycled.
The electrochemical method has high removal rate on heavy metals such as Pb, cd, zn, as, and the concentration of pollutants is lower than the emission standard of pollutants in the lead and zinc industry (GB 25466-2010), and even can reach the III water standard of the quality standard of surface water environment (GB 3838-2002).
The electrochemical device for removing heavy metal and synergetic defluorination of industrial wastewater comprises at least a defluorination electrode group, a heavy metal removal electrode group and an arsenic removal electrode group, wherein the components are arranged at intervals or in a combined mode, iron ions and aluminum ions can be continuously and uninterruptedly electrolyzed in the wastewater, and electrode mud containing heavy metal generated in the electrolysis process is scraped into a sludge tank by an electrode scraping plate, so that valuable heavy metal can be recovered.
The electrode chambers are separated by baffle plates, the hydraulic performance of water is innovative, the flow channel reaction time of the electrode chamber water is increased, the electrochemical current density can be adjusted according to the contents of fluorine, heavy metal and arsenic in different waste water, and the heavy metal and arsenic can be removed by high-efficiency and deep fluorine removal.
Finally, it should be noted that: the foregoing description is only a preferred embodiment of the present utility model, and although the present utility model has been described in detail with reference to the foregoing embodiment, it will be apparent to those skilled in the art that modifications may be made to the technical solution described in the foregoing embodiment, or equivalents may be substituted for some of the technical features thereof, and any modifications, equivalents, improvements or changes thereof may be made without departing from the spirit and principle of the present utility model.
Claims (8)
1. An electrochemical device for removing heavy metal and cooperatively removing fluorine from industrial wastewater is characterized in that: the electrolytic cell comprises a pulse power supply assembly and an electrolytic cell main body connected with the pulse power supply assembly, wherein a water inlet pipe and a water outlet pipe are arranged at the opposite ends of the electrolytic cell main body, the direction from the water inlet pipe to the water outlet pipe is the water flow direction, a plurality of mutually connected heavy metal removing electrode groups are arranged in the electrolytic cell main body along the water flow direction, each heavy metal removing electrode group at least comprises a fluorine removing electrode group, heavy metal removing and arsenic removing electrode groups, each fluorine removing electrode group consists of an anode and a cathode which are oppositely arranged, and the anode of each fluorine removing electrode group is an aluminum polar plate; the heavy metal and arsenic removing electrode group consists of an anode and a cathode which are oppositely arranged, and the anode of the heavy metal and arsenic removing electrode group is an iron polar plate.
2. The electrochemical device according to claim 1, wherein the plurality of heavy metal removing electrode groups and fluorine removing electrode groups are arranged at intervals or in combination.
3. The electrochemical device of claim 1, wherein the plurality of heavy metal removal electrode sets are arranged in a stepwise manner.
4. The electrochemical device of claim 1, wherein the cathode of the defluorination electrode set is one of an aluminum plate, an iron plate, a titanium plate, and a platinum plate.
5. The electrochemical device of claim 1, wherein a baffle is disposed between two adjacent heavy metal removal electrode sets, the baffle surrounding the heavy metal removal electrode sets.
6. The electrochemical device according to claim 5, wherein the baffle plate is provided with an electrode scraping plate, the electrode scraping plate comprises an anode plate, a cathode plate and a scraping plate connecting rod connecting the anode plate and the cathode plate, one end of the scraping plate connecting rod is hinged with one of the anode plate and the cathode plate, and the other end of the scraping plate connecting rod is connected with the other one of the anode plate and the cathode plate through a compression spring.
7. The electrochemical device of any one of claims 1-6, wherein an electrode support plate is provided below the heavy metal removal electrode set, and the heavy metal removal electrode set is placed on the electrode support plate.
8. The electrochemical device of claim 1, further comprising a waste body disposed below the electrolytic cell body, the waste body comprising a plurality of interconnected sludge cell bodies having sludge discharge ports therein in communication with the outside.
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
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| CN202320072119.4U CN219341856U (en) | 2023-01-10 | 2023-01-10 | Electrochemical device for removing heavy metal and cooperatively removing fluorine in industrial wastewater |
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| CN202320072119.4U CN219341856U (en) | 2023-01-10 | 2023-01-10 | Electrochemical device for removing heavy metal and cooperatively removing fluorine in industrial wastewater |
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