CN219339425U

CN219339425U - Composite braking device of standing forklift

Info

Publication number: CN219339425U
Application number: CN202320724026.5U
Authority: CN
Inventors: 张克军; 盛华健; 王杰; 蒋影
Original assignee: Anhui Heli Co Ltd
Current assignee: Anhui Heli Co Ltd
Priority date: 2023-04-04
Filing date: 2023-04-04
Publication date: 2023-07-14
Anticipated expiration: 2033-04-04

Abstract

The utility model discloses a standing forklift composite braking device which comprises a control module, a braking demand input module and an execution module adopting mechanical braking and alternating current motor current regenerative braking composite braking, wherein the control module comprises a whole car controller and a storage battery pack, the storage battery pack is connected with a power input end of the execution module through the whole car controller, a signal input end of the whole car controller is connected with a signal output end of the braking demand input module, and a signal output end of the whole car controller is connected with a signal input end of the execution module. The utility model adopts a braking mode of coexistence of a mechanical braking mode and an alternating current motor current regenerative braking mode, the two braking modes are mutually noninterfere and can simultaneously operate and also independently operate, when one braking is invalid, the other braking is still effective, the braking reliability is high, and because the alternating current motor current regenerative braking and the mechanical braking simultaneously act, the pedal force can be reduced, the foot feeling is ensured, and the operation comfort is good.

Description

Composite braking device of standing forklift

Technical Field

The utility model relates to the technical field of forklift braking systems, in particular to a standing type forklift composite braking device.

Background

Existing standing fork trucks often use either mechanical brake or ac motor current regenerative braking alone as the vehicle service brake. The following problems exist with mechanical brakes alone as service brakes: in the process of service braking, the kinetic energy of the vehicle is completely converted into heat energy through the friction plate of the mechanical brake, so that energy recovery can not be performed, and energy is wasted; the braking torque is a fixed value, the braking impact is large, and the braking comfort is poor; the pedal force needs to overcome the spring force of the mechanical brake, so that the pedal force is larger, and the driving comfort of a driver is poor. The following problems exist for ac motor current regenerative braking alone for service braking: because the electronic pedal is adopted to control the service brake, the pedal force is small, and the foot feel of a driver is bad; because of adopting the drive-by-wire, when electrical connection breaks down, service braking fails, and potential safety hazards exist.

Disclosure of Invention

The present utility model aims to solve at least one of the technical problems in the related art to some extent. Therefore, an object of the present utility model is to provide a composite braking device for a stand-up forklift, which adopts a braking mode in which two braking modes of mechanical braking and ac motor current regenerative braking coexist, and has higher braking reliability.

The utility model provides a standing forklift composite braking device, which comprises a control module, a braking demand input module and an execution module adopting mechanical braking and alternating current motor current regenerative braking, wherein the control module comprises a whole vehicle controller and a storage battery pack, the storage battery pack is connected with a power supply input end of the execution module through the whole vehicle controller, a signal input end of the whole vehicle controller is connected with a signal output end of the braking demand input module, and a signal output end of the whole vehicle controller is connected with a signal input end of the execution module.

Preferably, the braking demand input module comprises an operation handle accelerator, an operation handle and a pedal assembly, wherein the operation handle is connected with the operation handle accelerator, the operation handle accelerator is electrically connected with the signal input end of the whole vehicle controller, and the pedal assembly is in transmission connection with the mechanical braking part of the execution module.

Preferably, the execution module comprises a motor applied to current regenerative braking of an alternating current motor and a brake applied to mechanical braking, wherein a signal input end of the motor is connected with a signal output end of the whole vehicle controller, and the brake is arranged outside an output shaft of the motor.

Preferably, a brake signal detection switch for providing a mechanical brake on-off signal is installed at the brake, and the brake signal detection switch is in electrical signal connection with the signal input end of the vehicle controller.

Preferably, the operation handle accelerator comprises a potentiometer, a vehicle forward running switch and a vehicle backward running switch, wherein the potentiometer, the vehicle forward running switch and the vehicle backward running switch are in transmission connection with the operation handle, and signal output ends of the potentiometer, the vehicle forward running switch and the vehicle backward running switch are in electric signal connection with the signal input end of the vehicle controller.

Preferably, the motor is a current regenerative braking type alternating current motor.

The beneficial effects of the utility model are as follows: the braking mode of coexistence of mechanical braking and AC motor current regenerative braking is adopted, the two braking modes are mutually noninterfere and can simultaneously operate or independently operate, when one braking is invalid, the other braking is still effective, the braking reliability is higher, and because the AC motor current regenerative braking and the mechanical braking are simultaneously acted, the AC motor current regenerative braking can relieve a part of braking force, so that the pedal assembly force is required to overcome the spring force of the mechanical brake, the foot feeling is ensured, the operation comfort is good, the AC motor current regenerative braking mode is adopted, the braking moment is kept to change along with the running speed of the vehicle, and the braking impact is small.

Drawings

In the drawings:

fig. 1 is a schematic structural diagram of a composite braking device of a stand-driving forklift.

In the figure: the vehicle control system comprises a 1-whole vehicle controller, a 2-storage battery pack, a 3-operation handle accelerator, a 4-potentiometer, a 5-operation handle, a 6-vehicle forward running switch, a 7-vehicle backward running switch, an 8-brake signal detection switch, a 9-brake caliper, a 10-motor, an 11-brake friction disc, a 12-cam mechanism, a 13-spring force mechanism, a 14-brake, a 15-connecting rod assembly, a 16-inhaul cable assembly and a 17-pedal assembly.

Detailed Description

Referring to fig. 1, a composite brake device for a stand-up forklift includes a control unit, a brake request input unit, and an execution unit. The control part comprises a whole vehicle controller 1 and a storage battery pack 2, and the motor 10 takes electricity from the storage battery pack 2 through the whole vehicle controller 1 (model: ACE 248V-450A-QT); the storage battery pack 2 recovers the regenerative current of the motor 10 (model number YDQ 8-4-6190) during braking through the whole vehicle controller 1.

The brake request input section includes an operation handle 5, an operation handle accelerator 3, a pedal assembly 17, and a brake signal detection switch 8. The brake signal detection switch 8 is arranged on the brake caliper 9, the pedal assembly 17 is trampled by a foot, the brake signal detection switch 8 is in a closed state (C4=1 at the moment), and the mechanical brake 14 does not work; the pedal assembly 17 is released and the brake signal detecting switch 8 is in an off state (c4=0 at this time) at this time, and the mechanical brake is operated. The output signal C4 of the brake signal detection switch 8 is electrically connected to the vehicle controller 1, and the vehicle controller 1 detects c4=0, and at this time, issues a brake request signal to the driver. The operating handle 5 is mechanically connected to the operating handle accelerator 3, and when the operating handle 5 is triggered to the neutral position, the voltage signal output from the potentiometer 4 at this time is c3=2.5v, the vehicle forward travel switch 6 is in an off state (c2=0 at this time), and the vehicle backward travel switch 7 is in an off state (c1=0 at this time). When the operation handle 5 is not in the neutral position, the voltage signal outputted by the potentiometer 4 at this time is c3+.2.5v, and is changed with a change in the position of the operation handle 5, c1=1 or c2=1.

The actuator includes an ac motor 10 and a brake 14. The brake 14 is a mechanical braking structure which is already applied by the existing standing forklift and comprises a brake caliper 9, a brake friction disc 11, a cam mechanism 12, a spring force mechanism 13, a connecting rod assembly 15 and a guy cable assembly 16. The brake caliper 9 comprises a brake lower caliper and a brake upper caliper, one end of the alternating current motor 10 is connected with the brake lower caliper, the other end of the alternating current motor is connected with a driving wheel through a gear box, and the brake upper caliper is hinged on the brake lower caliper through a pin shaft. The spring force mechanism 13 is mounted on the brake lower caliper and the brake upper caliper by bolts, and presses the brake upper caliper and the brake lower caliper against the brake friction plate 11 under the action of the spring force. The cam mechanism 12 is mounted on the brake lower caliper by bolts, the cam contacts with the brake upper caliper, the gap between the brake upper caliper and the brake lower caliper and the brake friction disc 11 is adjusted by the change of the contact position, and the force of the brake caliper on the brake friction disc can be adjusted by the spring force applying mechanism 13.

One end output shaft of the alternating current motor 10 is provided with a brake friction disc 11, the other end output shaft is connected with a gear box, and the brake friction disc 11 is arranged between a lower brake caliper and an upper brake caliper.

The specific control method is as follows:

release handle accelerator brake

The mechanical brake does not work, only the AC regenerative braking of the AC induction motor works, the braking strength is relatively weak, and the mechanical brake is used for occasions with low braking distance requirements.

During the running process of the vehicle, the handle accelerator 3 is operated to release, at this time, the signal c2=1 output by the vehicle forward running switch 6 is received by the vehicle controller 1, and the voltage signal C3 sent by the potentiometer 4 is gradually increased; or the signal C1=1 sent by the vehicle backward running switch 7 is detected, and the voltage signal C3 sent by the potentiometer 4 is gradually reduced; at this time, a service brake command is issued to the driver. The vehicle controller 1 controls the ac induction motor 10 to operate in the fourth quadrant, implements the ac induction motor current regenerative braking mode, and recovers braking energy. The whole vehicle controller 1 controls the current regeneration braking moment of the alternating current induction motor to change along with the change of the running speed of the vehicle, the braking moment is variable, and the braking impact is reduced.

(II) Release Pedal Assembly brake

The mechanical brake and the current regenerative brake of the alternating current induction motor work simultaneously, the braking strength is relatively strong, and the device is used for occasions with high braking distance requirements.

During running of the vehicle, a signal with the rotating speed of the alternating current induction motor 10 being greater than 0 is detected by the whole vehicle controller 1, the pedal assembly 17 is released, the signal output by the brake signal detection switch 8 at the moment is C4=0, and an emergency running braking instruction is sent to a driver at the moment; the whole vehicle controller 1 controls the alternating current induction motor 10 to work in the fourth quadrant, and implements an alternating current induction motor current regenerative braking mode; the pedal assembly 17 is released, the cam mechanism 12 is driven to act through the stay cable assembly 16 connected with the pedal assembly 17 and the connecting rod assembly 15 mechanically connected with the stay cable assembly 16, under the action of the spring force mechanism 13, the brake upper clamp and the brake lower clamp act on the brake friction disc 11 together to prevent the rotation of an alternating current induction motor shaft, the mechanical brake 14 acts, and a mechanical braking mode is implemented. The combined action of the current regenerative braking mode and the mechanical braking mode is realized, so that the braking moment required by emergency braking is ensured, the braking moment is variable, and the braking impact is reduced; on the premise of ensuring the total braking torque is unchanged, the braking torque of the mechanical brake can be reduced, and the spring force of a spring force applying mechanism on the mechanical brake can be reduced, so that the pedal assembly force can be reduced, the foot feeling is ensured, and the operation comfort is good.

(III) vehicle parking brake

When the vehicle stops, the rotating speed of the alternating current induction motor 10 is 0, the whole vehicle controller 1 detects the rotating speed, the pedal assembly 17 is loosened, the cam mechanism 12 is driven to act through the guy cable assembly 16 connected with the pedal assembly 17 and the connecting rod assembly 15 mechanically connected with the guy cable assembly 16, under the action of the spring force applying mechanism 13, the brake upper clamp and the brake lower clamp act on the brake friction disc 11 together to prevent the rotation of the alternating current induction motor shaft, the mechanical brake 14 acts, and at the moment, the mechanical brake 14 acts as a parking brake to realize the parking brake of the vehicle. Since the vehicle controller 1 detects that the rotation speed of the ac induction motor 10 is 0, the ac induction motor current regenerative braking does not work.

To sum up: the system adopts a braking mode of coexistence of a mechanical braking mode and an alternating current motor current regenerative braking mode, the two braking modes are mutually noninterfere and can simultaneously operate and also independently operate, when one braking is invalid, the other braking is still effective, the braking reliability is higher, and because the alternating current motor current regenerative braking and the mechanical braking simultaneously act, the alternating current motor current regenerative braking can relieve a part of braking force, so that the pedal assembly force is reduced, the spring force of the mechanical brake is overcome, the foot feeling is ensured, the operation comfort is good, the alternating current motor current regenerative braking mode is adopted, the braking moment is kept to be changed along with the running speed of a vehicle, and the braking impact is small.

Claims

1. A composite braking device of a stand-up forklift is characterized in that: the vehicle braking control device comprises a control module, a braking demand input module and an execution module for braking by combining mechanical braking with current regenerative braking of an alternating current motor, wherein the control module comprises a vehicle controller and a storage battery pack, the storage battery pack is connected with a power input end of the execution module through the vehicle controller, a signal input end of the vehicle controller is connected with a signal output end of the braking demand input module, and a signal output end of the vehicle controller is connected with a signal input end of the execution module.

2. The stand-up forklift composite brake device according to claim 1, wherein: the braking demand input module comprises an operation handle accelerator, an operation handle and a pedal assembly, wherein the operation handle is connected with the operation handle accelerator, the operation handle accelerator is electrically connected with a signal input end of the whole vehicle controller, and the pedal assembly is in transmission connection with a mechanical braking part of the execution module.

3. The stand-up forklift composite brake device according to claim 1, wherein: the execution module comprises a motor applied to current regenerative braking of an alternating current motor and a brake applied to mechanical braking, wherein a signal input end of the motor is connected with a signal output end of the whole vehicle controller, and the brake is arranged on the outer side of an output shaft of the motor.

4. A stand-by forklift composite brake device according to claim 3, wherein: and a brake signal detection switch for providing a mechanical brake on-off signal is arranged at the brake, and the brake signal detection switch is in electrical signal connection with the signal input end of the whole vehicle controller.

5. The stand-up forklift composite brake device according to claim 2, wherein: the operating handle accelerator comprises a potentiometer, a vehicle forward running switch and a vehicle backward running switch, wherein the potentiometer, the vehicle forward running switch and the vehicle backward running switch are in transmission connection with the operating handle, and signal output ends of the potentiometer, the vehicle forward running switch and the vehicle backward running switch are in electric signal connection with the signal input end of the whole vehicle controller.

6. A stand-by forklift composite brake device according to claim 3, wherein: the motor is an alternating current motor.