CN219328908U

CN219328908U - Meteorological data acquisition and transmission system

Info

Publication number: CN219328908U
Application number: CN202222887302.8U
Authority: CN
Inventors: 曹国镕; 赵文勇; 王弘扬; 邓飞; 滕浩添; 乔鹏
Original assignee: Individual
Current assignee: Individual
Priority date: 2022-10-31
Filing date: 2022-10-31
Publication date: 2023-07-11
Anticipated expiration: 2032-10-31

Abstract

The utility model discloses a meteorological data acquisition and transmission system, which comprises a sensor module, a controller module and a transmission module, wherein the controller module is respectively connected with the sensor module and the transmission module; the sensor module comprises a temperature and humidity acquisition sub-module, a wind measurement sub-module, an illumination acquisition sub-module and an air pressure acquisition sub-module; and the temperature and humidity acquisition module, the wind measuring sub-module, the illumination acquisition sub-module and the air pressure acquisition sub-module are all connected with the controller module. The meteorological data acquisition and transmission system provided by the utility model has the characteristics of stability, high efficiency and safety, the meteorological data is acquired through the sensor module, the remote transmission of the data is realized, the real-time monitoring of the data in a severe weather environment is ensured, the safety of the data is ensured by using the transmission module, the sensor module is arranged to meet the requirement of the meteorological data on multi-channel data acquisition, the system is small in size and convenient to move, and the system has a good application prospect.

Description

Meteorological data acquisition and transmission system

Technical Field

The utility model belongs to the technical field of meteorological data acquisition and transmission, and particularly relates to a meteorological data acquisition and transmission system.

Background

The acquisition of meteorological data is an integral part of the rapid development of human society, and is particularly important in agriculture. Meteorological data is an important parameter in daily life work of people and is widely applied to life. Therefore, scientifically monitoring meteorological data is an indispensable work for human life. At present, an automatic weather station is huge in size and is greatly influenced by places and spaces during use, and an on-line monitoring technology is a key technology for promoting rapid development of weather data acquisition and realizing monitoring at any time and any place. The earliest domestic automatic weather station is a centralized automatic weather station, and the adopted sensor can only output electric signals and can output required data only through processing and conversion of a data acquisition unit, so that the sensor needs to be matched with the data acquisition unit for use, has weak independence and also needs to be carried out by a whole machine for calibration. Besides, the system has various defects such as low system openness, low compatibility of acquisition devices of various manufacturers, difficult maintenance, replacement and upgrading of devices, lower sensor production technology and low precision.

Disclosure of Invention

Aiming at the defects in the prior art, the meteorological data acquisition and transmission system provided by the utility model solves the problems that the traditional meteorological data acquisition equipment is single in function and cannot acquire a large amount of data.

In order to achieve the aim of the utility model, the utility model adopts the following technical scheme: the meteorological data acquisition and transmission system comprises a sensor module, a controller module and a transmission module, wherein the controller module is respectively connected with the sensor module and the transmission module;

the sensor module comprises a temperature and humidity acquisition sub-module, a wind measurement sub-module, an illumination acquisition sub-module and an air pressure acquisition sub-module; and the temperature and humidity acquisition module, the wind measuring sub-module, the illumination acquisition sub-module and the air pressure acquisition sub-module are all connected with the controller module.

Further: the controller module is provided with a singlechip chip U1, and the model of the singlechip chip U1 is specifically STC12C5A60S2.

Further: the temperature and humidity acquisition submodule comprises a temperature and humidity sensor U2 and a resistor R1, and the model of the temperature and humidity sensor U2 is DHT11;

the temperature and humidity sensor U2's No. 1 pin respectively with resistance R1's one end and VCC power are connected, temperature and humidity sensor U2's No. 2 pin with resistance R1's the other end is connected, temperature and humidity sensor U2's No. 4 pin ground connection, temperature and humidity sensor U2's No. 2 pin still with singlechip chip U1's No. 12 pin connection.

The beneficial effects of the above-mentioned further scheme are: the temperature and humidity sensor has the advantages of ultra-small volume, extremely low power consumption, signal transmission distance of more than 20m, excellent long-term stability, extremely high reliability and cost performance.

Further: the wind measuring submodule comprises a wind speed measuring unit and a wind direction measuring unit, wherein the wind speed measuring unit and the wind direction measuring unit are connected with the controller module;

the wind speed measuring unit is specifically a wind speed sensor U3, the model of the wind speed sensor U3 is specifically PHWS, and the wind speed sensor U3 is connected with a No. 13 pin of the singlechip chip U1.

Further: the wind direction measuring unit comprises a wind direction sensor U4 and an AD conversion circuit which are connected with each other, the AD conversion circuit is also connected with the controller module, and the model of the wind direction sensor U4 is PHWD.

Further: the AD conversion circuit comprises an AD converter U5, a crystal oscillator X1, a resistor R2, a resistor R3, a resistor R4, a resistor RP1, a capacitor C2, a grounding capacitor C3 and a capacitor C4;

the

pins

21, 24, 33 and 34 of the AD converter U5 are all grounded, the pin 22 of the AD converter U5 is connected with one end of the crystal oscillator X1, the pin 23 of the AD converter U5 is connected with the other end of the crystal oscillator X1, the pin 26 of the AD converter U5 is connected with a VCC power supply through a resistor R2, the pin 30 of the AD converter U5 is connected with one end of a resistor R3, the other end of the resistor R3 is respectively connected with one end of a capacitor C1 and one end of a capacitor C2, the other end of the capacitor C1 is connected with the pin 31 of the AD converter U5, the other end of the capacitor C2 is connected with the pin 32 of the AD converter U5, the pin 35 of the AD converter U5 is respectively connected with one end of a resistor R4 and a grounding capacitor C3, and the other end of the resistor R4 is connected with the output end of the wind direction sensor U4;

the No. 36 pin of the AD converter U5 is connected with the No. 2 pin of the resistor RP1, the No. 37 pin of the AD converter U5 is connected with the No. 38 pin of the AD converter U5 through a capacitor C4, the No. 39 pin of the AD converter U5 is connected with the No. 1 pin of the resistor RP1, and the No. 40 pin of the AD converter U5 is respectively connected with the No. 3 pin of the resistor RP1 and a VCC power supply;

the No. 1 pin of the AD converter U5 is grounded, the No. 2 pin of the AD converter U5 is connected with the No. 14 pin of the single chip microcomputer U1, and the No. 16-8 pins of the AD converter U5 are respectively connected with the No. 39-32 pins of the single chip microcomputer U1 in a one-to-one correspondence.

Further: the air pressure collecting sub-module is provided with an air pressure sensor U6, and the model of the air pressure sensor U6 is BMP085;

the SCL pin, the SDA pin and the XCLR pin of the air pressure sensor U6 are respectively connected with the No. 1 pin, the No. 2 pin and the No. 3 pin of the singlechip chip U1 in a one-to-one correspondence manner.

The beneficial effects of the above-mentioned further scheme are: the altitude can be calculated according to the air pressure value by measuring the air pressure through the air pressure sensor U6.

Further: the illumination acquisition sub-module is provided with an illumination sensor U7, and the model of the illumination sensor U7 is BH1750FVI;

the SCL pin and the SDA pin of the illumination sensor U7 are respectively connected with the No. 3 pin and the No. 4 pin of the singlechip chip U1 in a one-to-one correspondence manner.

Further: the transmission module comprises a serial communication chip U8, an interface P1, a grounding capacitor C5, a capacitor C6 and a capacitor C7, wherein the serial communication chip U8 is specifically MAX232;

the serial port communication chip U8 is characterized in that a 16-number pin is connected with a grounding capacitor C5, a 13-number pin and a 14-number pin of the serial port communication chip U8 are respectively connected with a 3-number pin and a 2-number pin of the interface P1 in a one-to-one correspondence manner, a 1-number pin of the serial port communication chip U8 is connected with a 3-number pin of the serial port communication chip U8 through a capacitor C6, a 4-number pin of the serial port communication chip U8 is connected with a 5-number pin of the serial port communication chip U8 through a capacitor C7, a 2-number pin and a 6-number pin of the serial port communication chip U8 are respectively grounded, and a 11-number pin and a 12-number pin of the serial port communication chip U8 are respectively connected with a 11-number pin and a 10-number pin of the single chip microcomputer chip U1 in a one-to-one correspondence manner.

The beneficial effects of the utility model are as follows:

(1) The meteorological data acquisition and transmission system provided by the utility model has the characteristics of stability, high efficiency and safety, acquires meteorological data through the sensor module, realizes remote data transmission, and ensures that the data can be monitored in real time in a severe climate environment.

(2) The utility model ensures the safety of data by using the transmission module, and the sensor module is arranged to meet the requirement of meteorological data multichannel data acquisition, so that the system is small in size and convenient to move, and has good application prospect.

Drawings

FIG. 1 is a block diagram of a weather data acquisition and transmission system.

Fig. 2 is a pin diagram of a controller module.

Fig. 3 is a schematic diagram of a temperature and humidity acquisition sub-module.

Fig. 4 is a schematic diagram of the AD conversion circuit.

Fig. 5 is a schematic diagram of a transmission module.

Detailed Description

The following description of the embodiments of the present utility model is provided to facilitate understanding of the present utility model by those skilled in the art, but it should be understood that the present utility model is not limited to the scope of the embodiments, and all the utility models which make use of the inventive concept are protected by the spirit and scope of the present utility model as defined and defined in the appended claims to those skilled in the art.

In one embodiment of the present utility model, as shown in fig. 1, a meteorological data acquisition and transmission system includes a sensor module, a controller module and a transmission module, wherein the controller module is respectively connected with the sensor module and the transmission module;

As shown in fig. 2, the controller module is provided with a single-chip microcomputer U1, and the model of the single-chip microcomputer U1 is specifically STC12C5a60S2.

In this embodiment, the single chip microcomputer chip U1 adopts a single clock enhanced 8051 core, which has super-strong anti-interference, antistatic and high reliability.

As shown in fig. 3, the temperature and humidity acquisition submodule includes a temperature and humidity sensor U2 and a resistor R1, where the model of the temperature and humidity sensor U2 is specifically DHT11;

In this embodiment, the DHT11 is used to measure the air humidity and temperature, so as to ensure the long-term stability and reliability of the system. The temperature and humidity sensor U2 is internally provided with a resistance type humidity sensing element and an NTC temperature measuring element which are mutually connected with the high-performance 8-bit singlechip, so that the anti-interference capability is improved, the cost is reduced, and the temperature and humidity sensor has long-term stability.

The wind measuring submodule comprises a wind speed measuring unit and a wind direction measuring unit, wherein the wind speed measuring unit and the wind direction measuring unit are connected with the controller module;

The wind direction measuring unit comprises a wind direction sensor U4 and an AD conversion circuit which are connected with each other, the AD conversion circuit is also connected with the controller module, and the model of the wind direction sensor U4 is PHWD.

In this embodiment, the precise potentiometer is disposed inside the wind direction sensor, so that current wind direction data can be directly calculated and can be directly sent to the single chip microcomputer chip U1. The wind speed sensor is made of carbon fiber materials, the strength and the starting of the wind speed sensor are good, and an electromagnetic processing unit is arranged inside the wind speed sensor, so that the wind speed can be calculated through the wind speed sensor.

As shown in fig. 4, the AD conversion circuit includes an AD converter U5, a crystal oscillator X1, a resistor R2, a resistor R3, a resistor R4, a resistor RP1, a capacitor C2, a grounded capacitor C3, and a capacitor C4;

the

pins

The air pressure collecting sub-module is provided with an air pressure sensor U6, and the model of the air pressure sensor U6 is BMP085;

In this embodiment, the air pressure sensor includes a resistive pressure sensor, an a/D converter, an E2PROM, and an I2C digital interface, and has the characteristics of low power consumption and high stability.

The illumination acquisition sub-module is provided with an illumination sensor U7, and the model of the illumination sensor U7 is BH1750FVI;

In this embodiment, the inside of the illumination sensor is composed of a photodiode, an operational amplifier, ADC acquisition, crystal oscillator, and the like. The photodiode converts an input optical signal into an electric signal through a photovoltaic effect, the electric signal is amplified by the operational amplification circuit, voltage is collected by the ADC, and then the electric signal is converted into a 16-bit binary number through the logic circuit and stored in an internal register, so that the photoelectric conversion device has the characteristics of higher resolution and weak dependence on a light source.

As shown in fig. 5, the transmission module includes a serial communication chip U8, an interface P1, a grounded capacitor C5, a capacitor C6, and a capacitor C7, where the model of the serial communication chip U8 is specifically MAX232;

The working process of the system of the utility model is as follows: the meteorological data acquisition and transmission system is started to work, the humidity acquisition sub-module, the wind measuring sub-module, the illumination acquisition sub-module and the air pressure acquisition sub-module acquire temperature and humidity, wind speed, wind direction, illumination and air pressure data, the acquired data are sent to the controller module, the controller module is used for arranging and packaging the acquired data, the data which are arranged and packaged are sent to the terminal through the transmission module, the terminal is used for monitoring the data in real time, and the data can be processed in time when the data are abnormal.

The beneficial effects of the utility model are as follows: the meteorological data acquisition and transmission system provided by the utility model has the characteristics of stability, high efficiency and safety, acquires meteorological data through the sensor module, realizes remote data transmission, and ensures that the data can be monitored in real time in a severe climate environment.

The utility model ensures the safety of data by using the transmission module, and the sensor module is arranged to meet the requirement of meteorological data multichannel data acquisition, so that the system is small in size and convenient to move, and has good application prospect.

In the description of the present utility model, it should be understood that the terms "center," "thickness," "upper," "lower," "horizontal," "top," "bottom," "inner," "outer," "radial," and the like indicate or are based on the orientation or positional relationship shown in the drawings, merely to facilitate description of the present utility model and to simplify the description, and do not indicate or imply that the devices or elements referred to must have a particular orientation, be configured and operated in a particular orientation, and thus should not be construed as limiting the present utility model. Furthermore, the terms "first," "second," and "third" are used for descriptive purposes only and are not to be interpreted as indicating or implying a relative importance or number of technical features indicated. Thus, a feature defined as "first," "second," "third," or the like, may explicitly or implicitly include one or more such feature.

Claims

1. The meteorological data acquisition and transmission system is characterized by comprising a sensor module, a controller module and a transmission module, wherein the controller module is respectively connected with the sensor module and the transmission module;

the sensor module comprises a temperature and humidity acquisition sub-module, a wind measurement sub-module, an illumination acquisition sub-module and an air pressure acquisition sub-module; and the temperature and humidity acquisition module, the wind measurement sub-module, the illumination acquisition sub-module and the air pressure acquisition sub-module are all connected with the controller module.

2. The meteorological data acquisition and transmission system according to claim 1, wherein the controller module is provided with a single chip microcomputer U1, and the model of the single chip microcomputer U1 is specifically STC12C5A60S2.

3. The meteorological data acquisition and transmission system according to claim 2, wherein the temperature and humidity acquisition sub-module comprises a temperature and humidity sensor U2 and a resistor R1, and the model of the temperature and humidity sensor U2 is specifically DHT11;

4. A meteorological data acquisition and transmission system according to claim 3, wherein the anemometry submodule comprises a wind speed measurement unit and a wind direction measurement unit, both of which are connected with the controller module;

5. The meteorological data acquisition and transmission system according to claim 4, wherein the wind direction measurement unit comprises a wind direction sensor U4 and an AD conversion circuit which are connected with each other, the AD conversion circuit is further connected with the controller module, and the model of the wind direction sensor U4 is specifically PHWD.

6. The weather data collection and transmission system according to claim 5, wherein the AD conversion circuit comprises an AD converter U5, a crystal oscillator X1, a resistor R2, a resistor R3, a resistor R4, a resistor RP1, a capacitor C2, a grounding capacitor C3 and a capacitor C4;

the pins 21, 24, 33 and 34 of the AD converter U5 are all grounded, the pin 22 of the AD converter U5 is connected with one end of the crystal oscillator X1, the pin 23 of the AD converter U5 is connected with the other end of the crystal oscillator X1, the pin 26 of the AD converter U5 is connected with a VCC power supply through a resistor R2, the pin 30 of the AD converter U5 is connected with one end of a resistor R3, the other end of the resistor R3 is respectively connected with one end of a capacitor C1 and one end of a capacitor C2, the other end of the capacitor C1 is connected with the pin 31 of the AD converter U5, the other end of the capacitor C2 is connected with the pin 32 of the AD converter U5, the pin 35 of the AD converter U5 is respectively connected with one end of a resistor R4 and a grounding capacitor C3, and the other end of the resistor R4 is connected with the output end of the wind direction sensor U4;

7. The meteorological data acquisition and transmission system according to claim 2, wherein the barometric pressure acquisition sub-module is provided with a barometric pressure sensor U6, and the model of the barometric pressure sensor U6 is BMP085 in particular;

8. The meteorological data acquisition and transmission system according to claim 2, characterized in that the illumination acquisition sub-module is provided with an illumination sensor U7, the model of the illumination sensor U7 being specifically BH1750FVI;

9. The meteorological data acquisition and transmission system according to claim 2, wherein the transmission module comprises a serial communication chip U8, an interface P1, a grounding capacitor C5, a capacitor C6 and a capacitor C7, and the serial communication chip U8 is specifically of a MAX232 type;