CN219327993U - Multi-cavity spherical storage tank for hydrogen storage - Google Patents

Multi-cavity spherical storage tank for hydrogen storage Download PDF

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CN219327993U
CN219327993U CN202320413385.9U CN202320413385U CN219327993U CN 219327993 U CN219327993 U CN 219327993U CN 202320413385 U CN202320413385 U CN 202320413385U CN 219327993 U CN219327993 U CN 219327993U
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cavity
hydrogen
spherical
pressure
cavities
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胡庆均
刘博文
陈崇刚
赵予川
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Sinopec Engineering Group Co Ltd
Sinopec Guangzhou Engineering Co Ltd
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Sinopec Engineering Group Co Ltd
Sinopec Guangzhou Engineering Co Ltd
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    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
    • Y02E60/00—Enabling technologies; Technologies with a potential or indirect contribution to GHG emissions mitigation
    • Y02E60/30—Hydrogen technology
    • Y02E60/32—Hydrogen storage

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Abstract

The utility model discloses a multi-cavity spherical storage tank for hydrogen storage, which consists of a plurality of layers of airtight spherical cavities nested layer by layer from inside to outside, wherein the cavities are fixed through a supporting piece, a manhole and a hydrogen inlet and a hydrogen outlet are respectively arranged on each cavity, the hydrogen inlet and the hydrogen outlet of each cavity except the outermost cavity are fixedly connected with a curved hydrogen connecting tube in a leakage-free manner, each hydrogen connecting tube penetrates through each cavity on the path of the hydrogen connecting tube to extend to the outside of the outermost cavity, and a leakage-free fixed connection is formed between each hydrogen connecting tube and each penetrated corresponding cavity; each cavity nested layer by layer forms a plurality of mutually independent pressure cavities, the hydrogen storage pressure of each pressure cavity is reduced layer by layer from inside to outside, the hydrogen storage pressure of the innermost layer is highest, and each pressure cavity only bears the internal and external pressure difference of the pressure cavity. The utility model fully utilizes the pressure balance, balances the storage pressure with higher pressure level through a part of storage pressure, solves the problem of high-volume high-pressure hydrogen storage, and reduces the cost of the hydrogen storage container.

Description

Multi-cavity spherical storage tank for hydrogen storage
Technical Field
The utility model relates to the field of hydrogen energy storage, in particular to a multi-cavity spherical storage tank for hydrogen scale storage and storage under different pressure levels, and specifically relates to a multi-cavity spherical storage tank for hydrogen storage.
Background
With the development of hydrogen energy, particularly the production of green hydrogen, there is a more urgent need for the large-scale storage of hydrogen due to the discontinuity of green hydrogen production. Although the hydrogen storage modes are various, the large-scale implementation of the method in engineering is mainly carried out in the gas state at present, and the defects of large occupied area, high cost and the like exist when the prior art is adopted for storing the large-scale gas hydrogen due to the small hydrogen density.
Disclosure of Invention
In order to solve the technical problems of large occupied area and high cost of the existing hydrogen storage container, the utility model provides a multi-cavity spherical storage tank for hydrogen storage, which changes the traditional single-pressure-level hydrogen storage mode and can realize the storage of hydrogen with different pressure levels.
The utility model provides a multi-cavity spherical storage tank for hydrogen storage, which mainly comprises a plurality of layers of airtight spherical cavities nested layer by layer from inside to outside, wherein each spherical cavity is a spherical shell which is formed independently, the cavities are fixed through inter-cavity supporting pieces, a manhole and a hydrogen inlet and a hydrogen outlet are respectively arranged on each cavity, the hydrogen inlet and the hydrogen outlet of each cavity except for the outermost cavity are fixedly connected with a bent hydrogen connecting pipe in a leakage-free manner, each hydrogen connecting pipe penetrates through each cavity on the path of the hydrogen connecting pipe to extend out of the outermost cavity, and each hydrogen connecting pipe is fixedly connected with the corresponding penetrated cavity in a leakage-free manner; each cavity nested layer by layer from inside to outside forms a plurality of mutually independent pressure cavities, the hydrogen storage pressure of each pressure cavity is reduced layer by layer from inside to outside, the absolute hydrogen storage pressure of the pressure cavity of the innermost layer is highest, and each pressure cavity only bears the internal and external pressure difference of the pressure cavity.
It should be noted that the manhole and the hydrogen inlet and outlet are necessary openings, and the number and positions of the other process openings can be determined according to actual engineering requirements.
Therefore, when hydrogen is stored, the pressure chambers of the innermost layer store high-pressure hydrogen, the pressure level of the hydrogen is gradually reduced from inside to outside, the pressure chambers of the outermost layer store the hydrogen with the lowest pressure level, and each independent pressure chamber only bears the pressure difference between the inside and the outside of the chamber.
A multi-cavity spherical storage tank for hydrogen storage is integrally supported by skirt-type supports or equatorial tangent type supports, and a single spherical cavity can be assembled by football-flap type, orange-flap type or mixed spherical shell plates. The position of the support piece between the cavities is required to be close to the lower pole of the spherical shell as much as possible, the structural type of the support piece between the cavities can adopt a support column or an arc plate, and the smooth flow of gas between the cavities can be ensured while the support effect is achieved.
In order to facilitate hydrogen storage and discharge, as an improvement, the hydrogen inlet and outlet on the outermost layer cavity should be opened along the radial direction of the spherical shell or the vertical direction, and the hydrogen inlet and outlet on the other cavities should be opened along the radial direction of the spherical shell, and it should be noted that the connecting pipe of the hydrogen inlet and outlet should adopt a curved connecting pipe instead of a straight pipe, which is mainly used for compensating additional mechanical load or temperature load generated between the cavities. In order to facilitate the ingress and egress of operators, manhole positions on the spherical cavities are uniformly arranged on the upper pole or the lower pole of the spherical shell.
The utility model has the following advantages:
1) When the multi-cavity spherical storage tank for hydrogen storage is under pressure, the wall stress of the multi-cavity spherical storage tank is half of a cylinder, so that the wall thickness of the multi-cavity spherical storage tank is half of the cylinder under the same pressure and diameter, the multi-cavity spherical storage tank has better economy, and the cost of the spherical container is lowest when hydrogen in unit mass is stored;
2) The adoption of the multi-layer cavity structure of the multi-cavity spherical storage tank for hydrogen storage enables the pressure outside each cavity to offset the pressure in the corresponding cavity, so that the pressure bearing capacity of the multi-cavity spherical storage tank is improved;
3) The adoption of the multi-layer cavity structure can store more hydrogen in unit cavity volume so as to solve the problem of overlarge occupied area caused by large-scale storage;
4) The multi-layer cavity structure is more beneficial to the storage of hydrogen with different pressure levels, and the hydrogen storage flow is optimized;
5) Compared with the traditional single-cavity container, the independent cavities only bear the pressure difference between the inside and the outside of the cavity when storing hydrogen, so that the wall thickness is reduced to a certain extent, the engineering manufacturing difficulty is reduced, and the single-cavity container has better practicability.
Drawings
Fig. 1 is a schematic structural view of a multi-chamber spherical tank for hydrogen storage according to the present utility model.
In the figure: the device comprises a 1-inner spherical cavity, a 2-middle spherical cavity, a 3-outer spherical cavity, a 4-first hydrogen inlet and outlet, a 5-second hydrogen inlet and outlet, a 6-third hydrogen inlet and outlet, a 7-first hydrogen connecting pipe, an 8-second hydrogen connecting pipe, a 9-inner cavity manhole, a 10-middle cavity manhole, a 11-outer cavity manhole, a 12-inter-cavity support piece, a 13-inner pressure cavity, a 14-middle pressure cavity, a 15-outer pressure cavity and a 16-equatorial tangent type support column.
SR 1-inner spherical cavity radius, SR 2-middle spherical cavity radius, SR 3-outer spherical cavity radius.
Description of the embodiments
The utility model is further described below with reference to the accompanying drawings.
The number of layers of the spherical cavities of the multi-cavity spherical storage tank for hydrogen storage is theoretically unlimited, but in consideration of the actual use requirement and manufacturing difficulty of engineering, a 2-5-layer structure can be generally adopted, the pressure level range of stored hydrogen is 0-10 Mpa, the pressure level of each spherical cavity for hydrogen storage can be configured according to the actual requirement, and the pressure level of the stored hydrogen is gradually reduced from inside to outside.
The entire multichamber spherical tank for hydrogen storage in fig. 1 is supported by equatorial tangent struts 16, although skirt supports may be used. Fig. 1 shows a schematic structure of a multi-chamber spherical tank for hydrogen storage using a 3-layer spherical cavity.
The inner layer spherical cavity 1 is provided with a first hydrogen inlet and outlet 4 and an inner layer cavity manhole 9, and the first hydrogen inlet and outlet 4 penetrates through the middle spherical cavity 2 and the outer layer spherical cavity 3 through a first hydrogen connecting and guiding pipe 7 to be led out of the outer layer spherical cavity 3; the middle spherical cavity 2 is provided with a second hydrogen inlet and outlet 5 and a middle cavity manhole 10, and the second hydrogen inlet and outlet 5 penetrates through the outer spherical cavity 3 through a second hydrogen connecting guide pipe 8 and is led out of the outer spherical cavity 3; the outer spherical cavity 3 is provided with a third hydrogen inlet and outlet 6 and an outer cavity manhole 11, the different cavities are fixedly connected in a leakage-free way through a support piece 12 between the cavities, and each hydrogen connecting pipe and each cavity are connected in a leakage-free way with good sealing performance. Each layer of cavity manholes are independently arranged on the upper pole or the lower pole of each cavity spherical shell. The inner space of the inner spherical cavity 1 forms an inner pressure cavity 13, an intermediate pressure cavity 14 is formed between the inner spherical cavity 1 and the intermediate spherical cavity 2, and an outer pressure cavity 15 is formed between the intermediate spherical cavity 2 and the outer spherical cavity 3.
When the multi-cavity spherical storage tank for hydrogen storage shown in fig. 1 is manufactured, an inner-layer spherical cavity 1 can be manufactured firstly, after manufacturing inspection is finished, then an intermediate spherical cavity 2 is assembled, two cavities are connected through an inter-cavity support 12, and the inner-layer spherical cavity 1 is completely wrapped, so that the whole inspection and detection of the intermediate spherical cavity 2 are finished; similarly, the outer spherical cavity 3 is assembled, and the cavities on two sides are connected through the inter-cavity support 12, and the whole inspection and detection of the outer spherical cavity 3 are performed after the inner cavity is completely wrapped. In the process of the steps, the positions of the openings on the cavities are noted, so that the hydrogen connecting pipes can be smoothly led out of the cavities.
The multi-cavity spherical storage tank for hydrogen gas storage shown in fig. 1 should ensure the pressure balance of hydrogen gas in each cavity during hydrogen gas storage or release. During filling, the steps are as follows: and (3) simultaneously filling the three cavities, closing the filling valve of the outer spherical cavity 3 when the pressure reaches the working pressure P3 of the outer spherical cavity 3, continuously filling the inner spherical cavity 1 and the middle spherical cavity 2, and closing the filling valve of the middle spherical cavity 2 when the hydrogen pressure in the middle spherical cavity 2 reaches the working pressure P2 in the cavity, continuously filling the inner spherical cavity 1 until the hydrogen pressure in the cavity reaches the working pressure P1. Conversely, when the pressure is released, the hydrogen in the innermost pressure cavity is released first, when the pressure is released to the working pressure P2 in the middle cavity, the hydrogen in the middle pressure cavity starts to be released, and when the pressure is released to the working pressure P3 in the middle cavity, the hydrogen in the outermost pressure cavity is released. In actual engineering operation, the actual discharging process can be flexibly controlled, and only the condition that the pressure difference between two adjacent cavities is smaller than a design value during discharging is satisfied.
The advantages of the present utility model over conventional structures are described below in a specific embodiment in connection with fig. 1.
Examples
To further illustrate the advantages of the structure of the present utility model in hydrogen storage, the structure of the present utility model and the conventional single-cavity spherical tank structure are fully compared under the precondition that the storage conditions are mutually corresponding and the materials of the shells are completely the same, and the comparison data are shown in tables 1 to 3.
TABLE 1
Inner layer pressure cavity Intermediate pressure chamber Outer pressure chamber Total pressure chamber
Radius (mm) of corresponding spherical cavity 7100 8500 9200
Storage volume (m) 3 ） 1500 1070 690 3260
Hydrogen storage pressure (MPa) 5 3 1.5
Spherical shell thickness (mm) 50 46 48
Quality of stored hydrogen (kg) 6086 2628 848 9562
TABLE 2
Traditional single-cavity spherical tank 1 Traditional single-cavity spherical tank 2 Traditional single-cavity spherical tank 3
Spherical tank radius (mm) 7100 6350 5480
Storage volume (m) 3 ） 1500 1070 690
Hydrogen storage pressure (MPa) 5 3 1.5
Spherical shell thickness (mm) 120 66 30
Quality of stored hydrogen (kg) 6086 2628 848
TABLE 3 Table 3
Engineering implementation of a conventional single-chamber spherical tank 1 Engineering implementation of a conventional single-chamber spherical tank 2
Spherical tank radius (mm) 2945 4400
Storage volume (m) 3 ） 105 355
Hydrogen storage pressure (MPa) 5 3
Spherical shell thickness (mm) 50 46
Quality of stored hydrogen (kg) 435 876
From the comparative analysis, the following conclusions can be drawn:
a) Under the same storage condition, the spherical shell used for storing the hydrogen with the pressure of 5MPa and 3MPa is thinner, the spherical shell can be thinned from 120mm to 50mm, and the spherical shell can be thinned from 66mm to 46mm, and the spherical shell is thinned by at least 30%, so that the spherical shell has stronger practicability in engineering application;
b) The data in table 2 are obtained on the premise of ensuring that the hydrogen reserves are consistent with those of each cavity in table 1, and in fact, the thickness of the spherical tank, particularly the spherical tank 1, with the corresponding thickness in table 2 reaches 120mm, and the spherical tank is difficult to realize based on the current manufacturing capability and manufacturing quality. In order to meet the engineering manufacturing requirements, if 5MPa, 6086kg and 3MPa, 2628kg of hydrogen are required to be stored, 5MPa and 105m are required 3 14 stations of traditional single-cavity spherical tank, 3MPa and 355m 3 3 traditional single-cavity spherical tanks with pressure of 1.5MPa and 690m 3 The traditional single-cavity spherical tank has 1 table shown in Table 3, but the structure of the utility model only needs 1 table, so that the occupied area of the structure of the utility model is reduced by about 80%, and the occupied area is greatly saved;
c) Under the condition of consistent hydrogen storage, compared with the traditional single-cavity spherical tank, the auxiliary pipeline valve and the safety accessories can be reduced;
d) It is worth to say that, in combination with the characteristic that the multiple cavities of the structure bear pressure together, the volume of the outer cavity is reduced as much as possible under the condition of meeting the pressure balance in the actual application process, namely, the low-pressure hydrogen storage capacity is reduced, and the relative high-pressure hydrogen storage capacity is increased.
When the actual engineering project is operated, the more complex design working conditions are considered, the optimal configuration of the hydrogen storage pressure, the storage capacity, the equipment size and the like is considered from various aspects, the structural advantages of the utility model are fully exerted, the actual engineering problem is better solved, and a certain promotion effect is played for the development of the hydrogen storage field.

Claims (7)

1. A multi-chamber spherical storage tank for hydrogen storage, characterized in that: the device mainly comprises a plurality of layers of airtight spherical cavities which are nested layer by layer from inside to outside, each spherical cavity is a spherical shell which is formed independently, the cavities are fixed through a support piece between the cavities, manholes and hydrogen inlets and outlets are respectively arranged on the cavities, the hydrogen inlets and outlets of the cavities except the outermost cavities are fixedly connected with curved hydrogen connecting pipes in a leakage-free manner, each hydrogen connecting pipe penetrates through the cavities on the path of the hydrogen connecting pipe to extend out of the outermost cavities, and a leakage-free fixed connection is formed between each hydrogen connecting pipe and the corresponding penetrated cavity; each cavity nested layer by layer from inside to outside forms a plurality of mutually independent pressure cavities, the hydrogen storage pressure of each pressure cavity is reduced layer by layer from inside to outside, the absolute hydrogen storage pressure of the pressure cavity of the innermost layer is highest, and each pressure cavity only bears the internal and external pressure difference of the pressure cavity.
2. The multi-lumen spherical tank of claim 1, wherein: the whole multi-cavity spherical storage tank is supported by a skirt-type support or an equatorial tangent type support.
3. The multi-lumen spherical tank of claim 1, wherein: each spherical cavity is formed by assembling football-flap type, orange-flap type or mixed spherical shell plates.
4. The multi-lumen spherical tank of claim 1, wherein: the support piece between the cavities is positioned close to the lower pole of the spherical shell, and the structural style of the support piece between the cavities adopts a strut or an arc plate.
5. The multi-lumen spherical tank of claim 1, wherein: the hydrogen inlets and outlets on the outermost layer of the cavities are arranged along the radial direction or the vertical direction of the spherical shell, and the hydrogen inlets and outlets on the rest of the cavities are arranged along the radial direction of the spherical shell.
6. The multi-lumen spherical tank of claim 1, wherein: manhole positions on the spherical cavities are uniformly arranged on the upper pole or the lower pole of the spherical shell.
7. A multi-chamber spherical tank according to any one of claims 1 to 6, wherein: the number of the sealed spherical cavities nested layer by layer is 2-5.
CN202320413385.9U 2023-03-08 2023-03-08 Multi-cavity spherical storage tank for hydrogen storage Active CN219327993U (en)

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Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
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Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
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CN219327993U true CN219327993U (en) 2023-07-11

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