CN219319088U - Hydrochloric acid recovery system in tail gas of phosphorous acid production - Google Patents
Hydrochloric acid recovery system in tail gas of phosphorous acid production Download PDFInfo
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- CN219319088U CN219319088U CN202320355030.9U CN202320355030U CN219319088U CN 219319088 U CN219319088 U CN 219319088U CN 202320355030 U CN202320355030 U CN 202320355030U CN 219319088 U CN219319088 U CN 219319088U
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- VEXZGXHMUGYJMC-UHFFFAOYSA-N Hydrochloric acid Chemical compound Cl VEXZGXHMUGYJMC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 title claims abstract description 236
- ISIJQEHRDSCQIU-UHFFFAOYSA-N tert-butyl 2,7-diazaspiro[4.5]decane-7-carboxylate Chemical compound C1N(C(=O)OC(C)(C)C)CCCC11CNCC1 ISIJQEHRDSCQIU-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 title claims abstract description 20
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 18
- 238000011084 recovery Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 18
- 238000010521 absorption reaction Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 63
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 29
- 238000003860 storage Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 11
- 230000007062 hydrolysis Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 9
- 238000006460 hydrolysis reaction Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 9
- 238000009833 condensation Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 6
- 230000005494 condensation Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 6
- 239000002253 acid Substances 0.000 claims description 19
- 239000007788 liquid Substances 0.000 claims description 17
- 238000012856 packing Methods 0.000 claims description 6
- 238000000605 extraction Methods 0.000 claims description 5
- 239000000498 cooling water Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000000945 filler Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000000284 extract Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- 238000011282 treatment Methods 0.000 abstract description 6
- 239000002699 waste material Substances 0.000 abstract description 5
- 238000001816 cooling Methods 0.000 abstract description 2
- 239000007789 gas Substances 0.000 description 68
- 239000000047 product Substances 0.000 description 15
- 238000009826 distribution Methods 0.000 description 4
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 description 4
- IXCSERBJSXMMFS-UHFFFAOYSA-N hydrogen chloride Substances Cl.Cl IXCSERBJSXMMFS-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 229910000041 hydrogen chloride Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
- 239000002994 raw material Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000010992 reflux Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 description 2
- 230000009286 beneficial effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000009835 boiling Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000006227 byproduct Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000012824 chemical production Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000006243 chemical reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000012544 monitoring process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000006386 neutralization reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- FAIAAWCVCHQXDN-UHFFFAOYSA-N phosphorus trichloride Chemical compound ClP(Cl)Cl FAIAAWCVCHQXDN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
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- Gas Separation By Absorption (AREA)
- Treating Waste Gases (AREA)
Abstract
Description
技术领域technical field
本实用新型涉及亚磷酸生产领域,具体涉及亚磷酸生产尾气中盐酸回收系统。The utility model relates to the field of phosphorous acid production, in particular to a recovery system for hydrochloric acid in the tail gas of phosphorous acid production.
背景技术Background technique
亚磷酸的生产过程是利用盐酸和三氯化磷,在高温下水解,水解后得到亚磷酸和盐酸,液态的亚磷酸以及部分盐酸留在水解塔的底部,经泵抽出后送入脱酸塔处理后,提取副产物盐酸并得到高纯度的亚磷酸产物。水解塔顶部排出的尾气中含有大量的气态的氯化氢气体以及水蒸气。The production process of phosphorous acid is to use hydrochloric acid and phosphorus trichloride to hydrolyze at high temperature. After hydrolysis, phosphorous acid and hydrochloric acid are obtained. The liquid phosphorous acid and part of hydrochloric acid are left at the bottom of the hydrolysis tower, pumped out and sent to the deacidification tower. After treatment, the by-product hydrochloric acid is extracted and a high-purity phosphorous acid product is obtained. The tail gas discharged from the top of the hydrolysis tower contains a large amount of gaseous hydrogen chloride gas and water vapor.
由于盐酸是反应的原料之一且盐酸是化工生产中的重要原料,如果直接将气态的盐酸送入车间的尾气吸收总塔内中和处理会造成物料的浪费,且浪费尾气吸收用的化学药品,增加尾气吸收的工作量。因此在生产过程中,会对尾气中的盐酸进行回收,通常的方式是将尾气冷凝,氯化氢和水蒸气冷凝后变成盐酸并收集,由于尾气在冷凝器中通过的速度较快,不能保证盐酸的完全冷凝回收,部分未回收的含盐酸的气体仍然需要尾气吸收总塔吸收处理。Since hydrochloric acid is one of the raw materials for the reaction and hydrochloric acid is an important raw material in chemical production, if the gaseous hydrochloric acid is directly sent to the tail gas absorption tower of the workshop for neutralization treatment, it will cause waste of materials and waste of chemicals used for tail gas absorption , increase the workload of exhaust gas absorption. Therefore, in the production process, the hydrochloric acid in the tail gas will be recovered. The usual way is to condense the tail gas, and the hydrogen chloride and water vapor will be condensed into hydrochloric acid and collected. Because the tail gas passes through the condenser faster, the hydrochloric acid cannot be guaranteed. The complete condensate recovery, part of the unrecovered gas containing hydrochloric acid still needs to be absorbed and treated by the total tail gas absorption tower.
发明内容Contents of the invention
为解决水解法生产亚磷酸过程中的盐酸的回收问题,避免盐酸的浪费和对尾气吸收总塔造成的负荷,本实用新型的目的在于提供多级冷凝回收的亚磷酸生产尾气中盐酸回收系统。In order to solve the recovery problem of hydrochloric acid in the process of producing phosphorous acid by hydrolysis and avoid the waste of hydrochloric acid and the load on the total tail gas absorption tower, the purpose of this utility model is to provide a recovery system for hydrochloric acid in the tail gas of phosphorous acid production with multi-stage condensation recovery.
本实用新型采取的技术方案为:The technical scheme that the utility model takes is:
亚磷酸生产尾气中盐酸回收系统,包括至少一个冷凝液接受罐、一级冷凝器以及一个盐酸成品罐,一级冷凝器中通入循环冷却水,水解塔中含盐酸的尾气进入一级冷凝器中冷凝,冷凝后的液态盐酸进入冷凝器接收罐,冷凝器接受罐收集的盐酸进入盐酸成品罐,还包括二级冷凝器、三级冷凝器以及尾气吸收塔,所述一级冷凝器内以及进入盐酸成品罐内的未液化的气体经管道进入二级冷凝器,二级冷凝器内以及盐酸成品罐中未液化的气体经管道进入三级冷凝器内,三级冷凝器的底部连接有中间酸接收罐,三级冷凝器内以及中间酸接收罐内未液化的气体经管道进入尾气吸收塔;所述接收塔的底部为盐酸接收槽,盐酸接收槽的上方安装有填料,尾气吸收塔的进气口位于盐酸接收槽与填料之间,尾气吸收塔的顶部设有尾气排出口,所述尾气排出口连接车间的尾气吸收总塔;所述盐酸接收槽以及中间酸接收罐内的盐酸分别回流至第三冷凝器和第二冷凝器内。Hydrochloric acid recovery system in the tail gas of phosphorous acid production, including at least one condensate receiving tank, a primary condenser and a hydrochloric acid product tank, the primary condenser is fed with circulating cooling water, and the tail gas containing hydrochloric acid in the hydrolysis tower enters the primary condenser The condensed liquid hydrochloric acid enters the condenser receiving tank, and the hydrochloric acid collected by the condenser receiving tank enters the hydrochloric acid product tank, which also includes a secondary condenser, a tertiary condenser and a tail gas absorption tower. In the primary condenser and The unliquefied gas entering the hydrochloric acid product tank enters the secondary condenser through the pipeline, and the unliquefied gas in the secondary condenser and the hydrochloric acid product tank enters the third-stage condenser through the pipeline, and the bottom of the third-stage condenser is connected with an intermediate The unliquefied gas in the acid receiving tank, the three-stage condenser and the intermediate acid receiving tank enters the tail gas absorption tower through pipelines; the bottom of the receiving tower is a hydrochloric acid receiving tank, and packing is installed above the hydrochloric acid receiving tank, and the tail gas absorbing tower The air inlet is located between the hydrochloric acid receiving tank and the filler, and the top of the tail gas absorption tower is provided with a tail gas discharge port, which is connected to the tail gas absorption total tower of the workshop; the hydrochloric acid in the hydrochloric acid receiving tank and the intermediate acid receiving tank are respectively Return to the third condenser and the second condenser.
进一步地,所述中间酸接收罐以及盐酸接收槽的底部分别连接有循环泵,中间酸接收罐内的盐酸有循环泵送入第三冷凝器内循环,盐酸接收槽内的盐酸由循环泵循环制尾气吸收塔顶部循环。Further, the bottoms of the intermediate acid receiving tank and the hydrochloric acid receiving tank are respectively connected with circulation pumps, the hydrochloric acid in the intermediate acid receiving tank is sent to the third condenser for circulation by the circulation pump, and the hydrochloric acid in the hydrochloric acid receiving tank is circulated by the circulation pump The top circulation of the tail gas absorption tower is produced.
进一步地,所述尾气吸收塔内的顶部安装有分液管,分液管位于填料上方,所述分液管连接对应的循环泵的输出端。Further, a liquid distribution pipe is installed on the top of the tail gas absorption tower, the liquid distribution pipe is located above the filler, and the liquid distribution pipe is connected to the output end of the corresponding circulation pump.
进一步地,所述尾气吸收塔一侧设有水封槽,水封槽连接有纯水输入,所述尾气吸收塔顶部的排气口经管道插入水封槽的液位以下,水封槽的顶部通过管道连接车间的尾气吸收总塔。Further, a water seal tank is provided on one side of the tail gas absorption tower, and the water seal tank is connected with pure water input, and the exhaust port at the top of the tail gas absorption tower is inserted below the liquid level of the water seal tank through a pipeline, and the water seal tank is The top is connected to the total exhaust gas absorption tower of the workshop through pipelines.
进一步地,所述水封槽连接有循环泵,所述循环泵自水封槽抽取盐酸并送至第三冷凝器内。Further, the water seal tank is connected with a circulation pump, and the circulation pump extracts hydrochloric acid from the water seal tank and sends it to the third condenser.
进一步地,所述盐酸成品罐设有槽车接口,盐酸成品管连接有盐酸采出泵,所述盐酸采取泵的输出端经支路管道分别连接盐酸计量罐以及盐酸储罐。Further, the hydrochloric acid product tank is provided with a tanker interface, the hydrochloric acid product pipe is connected to a hydrochloric acid extraction pump, and the output end of the hydrochloric acid extraction pump is respectively connected to a hydrochloric acid metering tank and a hydrochloric acid storage tank through a branch pipeline.
在进一步地,盐酸接收罐、中间酸接收罐以及盐酸接收槽顶部分别经管道连接尾气吸收总塔,各管道上安装有阀门。Further, the tops of the hydrochloric acid receiving tank, the intermediate acid receiving tank and the hydrochloric acid receiving tank are respectively connected to the tail gas absorption total tower through pipelines, and valves are installed on each pipeline.
采取以上技术方案后,本实用新型的有益效果为:After adopting the above technical scheme, the beneficial effects of the utility model are:
通过三级串联的冷凝器的设置,上一级冷凝器中未冷凝的气体进入下一级冷凝器中继续冷凝,冷凝后的盐酸进入对应的储罐中,各储罐的盐酸在管道的导引下,利用储罐间的高度差溢流至盐酸成品罐中集中收集,集中收集的盐酸成品可以直接装车或者送至大的储罐或计量罐中,便于生产的重复利用。Through the setting of three-stage condensers in series, the uncondensed gas in the upper-stage condenser enters the next-stage condenser to continue to condense, and the condensed hydrochloric acid enters the corresponding storage tank. Under the guidance, the height difference between the storage tanks is used to overflow to the finished hydrochloric acid tank for centralized collection. The concentrated hydrochloric acid finished product can be directly loaded on a car or sent to a large storage tank or a metering tank, which is convenient for repeated use in production.
各储罐内的盐酸通过循环泵或者溢流的方式回流至本级或者上一级的冷凝器中,回流过程能够加快气态盐酸的吸收,使得盐酸的回收更加完全。The hydrochloric acid in each storage tank is returned to the condenser of the current stage or the previous stage through the circulation pump or the overflow method. The reflux process can accelerate the absorption of gaseous hydrochloric acid and make the recovery of hydrochloric acid more complete.
系统中设置有尾气吸收塔,通过尾气吸收塔对三级冷凝器中未吸收的盐酸再一次吸收,并将吸收塔内未吸收的残余气体经过水封槽最后一次吸收,经过多次吸收后的残余气体再送入尾气吸收总塔;在吸收完成后,各储罐内的残余气体送入尾气吸收总塔处理;The system is equipped with a tail gas absorption tower, which absorbs the unabsorbed hydrochloric acid in the third-stage condenser again through the tail gas absorption tower, and absorbs the unabsorbed residual gas in the absorption tower through the water seal tank for the last time. The residual gas is sent to the total tail gas absorption tower; after the absorption is completed, the residual gas in each storage tank is sent to the total tail gas absorption tower for treatment;
本技术方案通过三个冷凝器、尾气吸收塔以及水封槽,配合冷凝、回流、水吸收等方式,充分吸收水解塔尾气中的盐酸,浪费较少,尾气吸收总塔尾气吸收量少。This technical solution fully absorbs the hydrochloric acid in the tail gas of the hydrolysis tower through three condensers, a tail gas absorption tower and a water-sealed tank, in conjunction with condensation, reflux, and water absorption, with less waste and less tail gas absorption in the total tail gas absorption tower.
附图说明Description of drawings
图1为本实用新型的系统原理图。Fig. 1 is the system schematic diagram of the utility model.
图2为尾气吸收塔的结构示意图。Figure 2 is a schematic structural view of the tail gas absorption tower.
实施方式Implementation
以下结合附图对本实用新型的具体实施方式做进一步详述:Below in conjunction with accompanying drawing, the specific embodiment of the present utility model is described in further detail:
如图1所示,亚磷酸生产尾气中盐酸回收系统,由一级冷凝器1、盐酸接收罐2、二级冷凝器3、盐酸成品罐4、三级冷凝器5、中间酸接收罐6、尾气吸收塔7、水封槽8以及相关的管道和泵组成。三个冷凝器依次串联连接,三个冷凝器分别通过循环冷却水,用于对进入的气体冷却。As shown in Figure 1, the hydrochloric acid recovery system in the phosphorous acid production tail gas consists of a
水解塔顶部的含有氯化氢、水蒸气及少量其他物质的高温气体进入一级冷凝器1,在一级冷凝器1中部分液化,液化后的盐酸自一级冷凝器1底部的排出口经管道进入盐酸接收罐2中收集,一级冷凝器1中的未冷凝的气体自其底部侧面经过管道进入二级冷凝器3内继续冷凝,在二级冷凝器3中冷凝的盐酸自其底部的排出口经管道进入盐酸成品罐4内;二级冷凝器3中未液化的气体自其底部的侧面经管道进入三级冷凝器5中冷凝,冷凝后的盐酸经管道进入中间酸接收罐6内收集;三级冷凝后仍然存在少量的含盐酸以及高沸点酸的气体,自三级冷凝器5底部侧面经管道送入尾气吸收塔7内,自尾气吸收塔7的中部进入。The high-temperature gas containing hydrogen chloride, water vapor and a small amount of other substances at the top of the hydrolysis tower enters the
尾气吸收塔7的底部为盐酸接收槽71,盐酸接收槽71内通过纯水,中部安装有填料72,顶部设有分液管73,尾气自填料72的下方的进气口76进入尾气吸收塔7内。在尾气吸收塔的外侧安装有循环泵74,循环泵74将盐酸接收槽71内的液体抽出,送至其顶部的分液管75向下喷淋,盐酸气体和液体在填料段72接触并被吸收,落入盐酸接收槽71内。尾气吸收塔7的顶部设有排气口75,经过尾气吸收处理后的少量的残余气体自排气口75排出并通过管道导入水封槽8内。水封槽8为密封槽,内装有纯水,尾气管道插入液位以下,残余的气体在纯水中被最后吸收。不能被吸收的气体自水封槽8顶部的管道导向车间内的尾气吸收总塔10处处理。The bottom of the tail
为了提高冷凝器的液化和吸收效果,水封槽8、盐酸接收槽71以及中间酸接收罐6内的盐酸采用循环泵或者溢流的方式进入三级冷凝器5内,吸收其中的气体,并最后回到中间酸接收罐6。中间酸接收罐6内多出的盐酸通过溢流的方式进入二级冷凝器3内,吸收其中的气体,并最终进入盐酸成品罐4中。盐酸接收罐中2的盐酸通过溢流的方式最终同样进入盐酸成品罐4中。In order to improve the liquefaction and absorption effect of the condenser, the hydrochloric acid in the
在盐酸接收罐2、中间酸接收罐6以及盐酸成品罐4的顶部分别通过管道和阀门连接车间的尾气吸收总塔,在吸收完成后,各储罐内的残余气体被送至尾气吸收总塔10处理。The tops of the hydrochloric
本系统的各管道上均安装有控制所必须的阀门、压力表、流量计等部件,便于远程的监控。All the pipelines of this system are equipped with valves, pressure gauges, flow meters and other components necessary for control, which are convenient for remote monitoring.
盐酸成品罐4上设置有槽车接口以及连接有盐酸采取泵9,当盐酸成品罐内液位较高时,通过盐酸采出泵9,将其内部的盐酸输送至盐酸储罐或者盐酸计量罐内,完成盐酸的回收。The hydrochloric acid finished
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