CN219301842U - Testing device for stress distribution characteristics of crushed stone aggregate - Google Patents
Testing device for stress distribution characteristics of crushed stone aggregate Download PDFInfo
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- CN219301842U CN219301842U CN202320807877.6U CN202320807877U CN219301842U CN 219301842 U CN219301842 U CN 219301842U CN 202320807877 U CN202320807877 U CN 202320807877U CN 219301842 U CN219301842 U CN 219301842U
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02W—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO WASTEWATER TREATMENT OR WASTE MANAGEMENT
- Y02W30/00—Technologies for solid waste management
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- Y02W30/91—Use of waste materials as fillers for mortars or concrete
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Abstract
The utility model discloses a testing device for stress distribution characteristics of crushed stone aggregate, which comprises a loading plate, a supporting bottom plate and a ballast box, wherein the loading plate and the supporting bottom plate are distributed up and down, the ballast box is positioned on the supporting bottom plate and comprises a flexible inner layer and a flexible outer layer which are distributed in an inner-outer mode, and the stress distribution testing device is clamped between the flexible inner layer and the flexible outer layer. The utility model provides a testing device for stress distribution characteristics of crushed stone aggregate, which solves the technical problem that the stress characteristics of a ballast bed are influenced by boundary effects in the prior art, and achieves the aim of overcoming the influence of the boundary effects of an indoor test.
Description
Technical Field
The utility model relates to the field of ballast bed mechanics research, in particular to a testing device for stress distribution characteristics of crushed stone aggregates.
Background
The ballasted track has the advantages of good elasticity, low noise, strong drainage performance, convenient maintenance and repair and the like, and is the track structure form with the longest operation mileage in the world. The ballasted track bed is a main structure of the ballasted track, and the mechanical state of the ballasted track bed has important influence on the service performance and economy of the ballasted track. However, the remarkable granular characteristics make the ballast bed mechanical mechanism extremely complex, and an industry unified ballast bed stress test means is not formed at present, so that the ballast bed mechanical mechanism is a technical problem to be solved in the field.
At present, the test means for researching the mechanical behavior of the ballast bed mainly comprise a ballast box, a direct shear, a track model test and the like, the test device is mostly a rigid boundary, the condition of no boundary constraint of a real railway line cannot be simulated, and the problem of boundary effect exists. The method can better simulate the boundary condition of a real line on site, but has the defects of complex instrument structure, high loading difficulty, complex operation and the like, and has little application in the existing research of the ballast bed field.
Moreover, the test means can only acquire macroscopic mechanical properties such as ballast bed settlement, and the stress condition of ballast particles can not be obtained, and the prior art of the test means for the internal stress of the ballast bed mainly comprises the following steps: a testing system (patent application number: CN 202121344885.9) for testing intelligent railway ballast of internal stress of a ballast railway bed (patent application number: CN 202220061424.9) and testing intelligent railway ballast of internal stress of the ballast railway bed and a data processing method (patent application number: CN 202210027634.0) are provided. The prior art is to embed the sensor in the ballast bed and calculate the internal stress of the ballast bed by using the collected data such as pressure distribution or displacement, but the contact range of the sensor is limited, and only the local stress characteristic of the ballast bed can be obtained.
Disclosure of Invention
The utility model provides a testing device for stress distribution characteristics of crushed stone aggregate, which solves the technical problem that the stress characteristics of a ballast bed are influenced by boundary effects in the prior art, and achieves the aim of overcoming the influence of the boundary effects of an indoor test.
The utility model is realized by the following technical scheme:
the utility model provides a testing arrangement of rubble aggregate stress distribution characteristic, includes loading board, the supporting baseplate that distributes from top to bottom to and lie in the railway ballast case on the supporting baseplate, railway ballast case is including being inside and outside flexible inlayer, the flexible skin that distributes, press from both sides stress distribution testing arrangement between flexible inlayer and the flexible skin.
Aiming at the problems that the stress research technology of the ballast bed in the prior art can only acquire the local stress characteristics of the ballast bed and is influenced by boundary effects, the utility model provides a testing device for the stress distribution characteristics of broken stone aggregates. The ballast box side wall comprises an inner layer and an outer layer, namely a flexible inner layer and a flexible outer layer, wherein the inner layer and the outer layer are arranged in the inner layer, an interlayer space is formed between the flexible inner layer and the flexible outer layer, and a stress distribution testing device is arranged in the interlayer space, so that the stress distribution testing device is clamped between the flexible inner layer and the flexible outer layer.
The method has the advantages that the existing rigid ballast box is abandoned, the ballast box adopts a double-layer flexible structure, the structure can move together with the ballast in the stress process, the influence of boundary effects of the traditional indoor test is overcome, and the real boundary condition of a track bed can be better simulated; the stress distribution testing device can measure the stress distribution condition of the ballast box body, fills the blank of the box body stress distribution testing means, and provides technical support for further ascertaining the complex mechanical mechanism of the ballast bed; and moreover, the method can be combined with the existing testing system for the movement state of the ballast particles and the contact state between particles, so that the stress distribution test of the whole ballast bed from inside to outside can be realized, and the comprehensiveness of acquiring stress data is obviously improved.
In the application, the flexible inner layer and the flexible outer layer can be made of any existing flexible material which can be realized by a person skilled in the art, and the stress distribution testing device can be realized by any distributed stress testing device which can be realized by a person skilled in the art. The cross-sectional shape of the ballast box is not limited herein.
In addition, the ballast box in the application can be of a bottomless and capless structure or of a bottomless and capless structure; when the ballast box is bottomless and is uncovered, namely the flexible inner layer and the flexible outer layer are distributed on the side wall of the ballast box, the stress distribution condition of the side wall of the ballast box body can be monitored; when the ballast box is uncovered, namely the flexible inner layer and the flexible outer layer are distributed on the side wall and the bottom surface of the ballast box, the stress distribution condition of the side wall and the bottom of the ballast box body can be monitored at the same time.
Further, the stress distribution testing device comprises a plurality of stress sensors distributed in an array. The stress sensors are clamped between the flexible inner layer and the flexible outer layer and distributed in an array, so that stress monitoring on all directions of the ballast box body can be ensured.
Further, the device also comprises a plurality of ranging sensors, wherein the ranging sensors are used for monitoring the distance between the loading plate and the supporting bottom plate.
According to the scheme, the vertical deformation condition of the railway ballast layer in the loading process is monitored through the ranging sensor. The specific layout mode of the ranging sensor is not limited herein, and the ranging sensor can be arranged on the supporting bottom plate to measure from bottom to top, can also be arranged on the loading plate to measure from top to bottom, and can also be realized by adopting a ranging mode which can be realized by other technicians in the field. The ranging sensor can adopt any existing ranging technology such as infrared, laser and the like.
Further, the N ranging sensors are uniformly distributed on the edge of the upper surface of the supporting bottom plate along the circumferential direction, and the measuring direction of each ranging sensor is upward; wherein N is more than or equal to 3. The scheme limits that the ranging sensor is arranged on the upper surface of the supporting bottom plate, so that the ranging sensor is convenient to install and maintain; and the ranging sensor is positioned at the edge position of the supporting bottom plate so as to avoid interference or blocking of the measuring path of the ranging sensor due to deformation of the ballast box in the loading process. It is understood by those skilled in the art that the greater the number of distance measuring sensors, the higher the accuracy of monitoring the vertical deformation of the ballast layer.
Further, the device also comprises a mark arranged on the outer wall of the flexible outer layer and a video acquisition system used for acquiring image information of the outer wall of the flexible outer layer.
In the prior art, in the research and test of the mechanical behavior of the ballast bed, the strain field data of the ballast layer cannot be directly obtained. The scheme can synchronously obtain point-to-point strain information in the test process through the matching of the video acquisition system and the mark, further can calculate strain distribution cloud pictures, and remarkably widens the test functionality.
The scheme is that a video acquisition system acquires images of the outermost wall of the railway ballast box, displacement change conditions of all marks are analyzed, and the required strain information can be obtained by adopting an existing digital image correlation method.
The mark in the scheme is an identifier which is arranged on the outer surface of the flexible outer layer and provides reference for digital image processing; the color of the flexible outer layer is convenient to distinguish from the flexible outer layer, the shape, the size and the like of the flexible outer layer are not limited, and the arrangement mode of the flexible outer layer comprises but is not limited to adhesion, coating, painting, paint spraying and the like which can be realized by a person skilled in the art.
Further, the video acquisition system comprises a plurality of cameras positioned on the outer side of the railway ballast box. The number of cameras is not limited herein, and it is preferable to be able to fully capture the outer wall image of the flexible outer layer in all orientations.
Further, a guide mechanism for moving the loading plate up and down relative to the support base plate is included. That is, the guide mechanism functions to allow only up and down movement of the load plate relative to the support base plate, limiting lateral displacement of the load plate to ensure stable loading during testing.
Further, the guide mechanism comprises a plurality of guide posts connected to the supporting bottom plate and guide holes which are formed in the loading plate and correspond to the guide posts one by one.
The guide post and the supporting bottom plate can be connected in any mode, and the connection mode can be fixed or detachable. During loading, each guide post passes through the corresponding guide hole on the loading plate to realize the transverse limiting function.
Further, a positioning groove matched with the bottom end of the ballast box is formed in the upper surface of the supporting bottom plate. According to the scheme, the installation station is provided for the ballast box through the positioning groove, and the ballast box is stably placed in the positioning groove when the ballast box is used.
Further, the flexible inner layer and the flexible outer layer are made of latex or rubber materials.
Compared with the prior art, the utility model has the following advantages and beneficial effects:
1. according to the testing device for the stress distribution characteristics of the crushed stone aggregate, the ballast box can move together with the ballast in the stress process, the influence of boundary effects of traditional indoor tests is overcome, and the real boundary conditions of a track bed can be better simulated.
2. The testing device for the stress distribution characteristics of the crushed stone aggregate can measure the stress distribution condition of the ballast box body, fills the blank of the stress distribution testing means of the box body, and provides technical support for deeply ascertaining the complex mechanical mechanism of the ballast bed.
3. According to the testing device for the stress distribution characteristics of the crushed stone aggregate, point-to-point strain information can be synchronously obtained in the testing process through the matching of the video acquisition system and the mark, so that the testing functionality is remarkably widened.
Drawings
The accompanying drawings, which are included to provide a further understanding of embodiments of the utility model and are incorporated in and constitute a part of this application, illustrate embodiments of the utility model. In the drawings:
FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of an embodiment of the present utility model;
FIG. 2 is a cross-sectional view of a ballast box in an embodiment of the present utility model;
fig. 3 is a schematic view of the structure of a supporting base plate in an embodiment of the present utility model.
In the drawings, the reference numerals and corresponding part names:
the device comprises a 1-loading plate, a 2-supporting bottom plate, a 3-flexible inner layer, a 4-flexible outer layer, a 5-stress distribution testing device, a 6-ranging sensor, a 7-mark, an 8-guide post, a 9-guide hole, a 10-positioning groove and a 11-blind hole.
Detailed Description
For the purpose of making apparent the objects, technical solutions and advantages of the present utility model, the present utility model will be further described in detail with reference to the following examples and the accompanying drawings, wherein the exemplary embodiments of the present utility model and the descriptions thereof are for illustrating the present utility model only and are not to be construed as limiting the present utility model. In the description of the present application, it should be understood that the terms "front", "rear", "left", "right", "upper", "lower", "vertical", "horizontal", "high", "low", "inner", "outer", etc. indicate orientations or positional relationships based on the drawings, are merely for convenience in describing the present utility model and simplifying the description, and do not indicate or imply that the apparatus or elements referred to must have a specific orientation, be configured and operated in a specific orientation, and thus should not be construed as limiting the scope of protection of the present application.
Example 1:
the testing device for the stress distribution characteristics of the crushed stone aggregate shown in fig. 1 and 2 comprises a loading plate 1, a supporting bottom plate 2 and a ballast box, wherein the loading plate 1 and the supporting bottom plate 2 are distributed up and down, the ballast box is positioned on the supporting bottom plate 2 and comprises a flexible inner layer 3 and a flexible outer layer 4 which are distributed in an inner-out mode, and a stress distribution testing device 5 is arranged between the flexible inner layer 3 and the flexible outer layer 4 in a clamping mode.
The stress distribution testing device 5 comprises a plurality of stress sensors distributed in an array.
A number of distance measuring sensors 6 are also included, which distance measuring sensors 6 are used to monitor the distance between the load plate 1 and the support floor 2.
The number of the ranging sensors 6 in the present embodiment is 3 or 4, and the ranging sensors 6 are uniformly distributed on the edge of the upper surface of the supporting base plate 2 along the circumferential direction, and the measuring direction of each ranging sensor 6 is upward.
In this embodiment, the loading plate 1 and the supporting bottom plate 2 are circular plates with equal radius, and the ballast box is cylindrical. In use, the loading plate 1, the supporting bottom plate 2 and the ballast box are coaxial.
Preferably, the flexible inner layer 3 and the flexible outer layer 4 are wound by a latex film or a rubber film.
Preferably, the stress distribution testing device 5 is a film type stress distribution sensor, that is, a plurality of stress distribution sensors are arranged on the film material in an array manner.
Example 2:
the testing device for the broken stone aggregate stress distribution characteristics further comprises a mark 7 arranged on the outer wall of the flexible outer layer 4 and a video acquisition system for acquiring image information of the outer wall of the flexible outer layer 4 on the basis of the embodiment 1.
The video acquisition system comprises at least two cameras positioned on the outer side of the railway ballast box, and shooting ranges of two adjacent cameras are overlapped at a certain angle.
As shown in fig. 1, a guide mechanism for moving the loading plate 1 up and down with respect to the support base plate 2 is also included. The guide mechanism comprises a plurality of guide posts 8 connected to the supporting bottom plate 2 and guide holes 9 which are formed in the loading plate 1 and correspond to the guide posts 8 one by one.
As shown in fig. 3, a positioning groove 10 matched with the bottom end of the ballast box is formed on the upper surface of the supporting bottom plate 2. Since the ballast box in the present embodiment is cylindrical, the positioning groove 10 is correspondingly provided as a ring groove and is concentric with the upper surface of the supporting bottom plate 2; the width of the ring groove is equal to the total wall thickness of the ballast box.
Preferably, a plurality of blind holes 11 for inserting the guide posts 8 are formed in the upper surface of the supporting base plate 2, and each guide post 8 is correspondingly inserted into the blind hole when in use.
Preferably, the mark 7 is a label adhered to the outer surface of the flexible outer layer 4, and the color of the label has higher contrast with the color of the ballast box.
Preferably, a plurality of cross-shaped labels are drawn on the transparent film, and then the transparent film is integrally adhered to the outer surface of the flexible outer layer 4.
The test method of the test device in the embodiment comprises the following steps:
1. sequentially placing the materials on a test bed from bottom to top: the railway ballast comprises a supporting bottom plate, a stress distribution sensor and a railway ballast box;
2. layering graded broken stone into a railway ballast box, vibrating and compacting, putting a testing system of a railway ballast particle motion state and a particle-particle contact state into the railway ballast box, and recording the depth;
3. when graded broken stone reaches the thickness of the test design, a guide mechanism and a loading plate are installed;
4. installing a required mark and debugging the video acquisition device;
5. load is applied, and the test is started;
6. and collecting, recording and analyzing data.
The foregoing description of the embodiments has been provided for the purpose of illustrating the general principles of the utility model, and is not meant to limit the scope of the utility model, but to limit the utility model to the particular embodiments, and any modifications, equivalents, improvements, etc. that fall within the spirit and principles of the utility model are intended to be included within the scope of the utility model.
It should be noted that, in this document, the terms "comprises," "comprising," or any other variation thereof, are intended to cover a non-exclusive inclusion, such that a process, method, article, or apparatus that comprises a list of elements does not include only those elements but may include other elements not expressly listed or inherent to such process, method, article, or apparatus. In addition, the term "coupled" as used herein may be directly coupled or indirectly coupled via other components, unless otherwise indicated.
Claims (10)
1. The utility model provides a testing arrangement of rubble aggregate stress distribution characteristic, includes loading board (1), supporting baseplate (2) that upper and lower distributes to and lie in the railway ballast case on supporting baseplate (2), its characterized in that, railway ballast case is including being inside and outside flexible inlayer (3), flexible skin (4) that distribute, press from both sides stress distribution testing arrangement (5) between flexible inlayer (3) and the flexible skin (4).
2. A testing device for stress distribution characteristics of crushed stone aggregate according to claim 1, characterized in that said stress distribution testing device (5) comprises a plurality of stress sensors distributed in an array.
3. Testing device for crushed stone aggregate stress distribution characteristics according to claim 1, further comprising a number of distance measuring sensors (6), said distance measuring sensors (6) being adapted to monitor the distance between the load plate (1) and the support base plate (2).
4. A testing device for crushed stone aggregate stress distribution characteristics according to claim 3, wherein the N ranging sensors (6) are uniformly distributed on the upper surface edge of the supporting base plate (2) along the circumferential direction, and the measuring direction of each ranging sensor (6) is upward; wherein N is more than or equal to 3.
5. The testing device for the crushed stone aggregate stress distribution characteristics according to claim 1, further comprising a marker (7) arranged on the outer wall of the flexible outer layer (4) and a video acquisition system for acquiring image information of the outer wall of the flexible outer layer (4).
6. The testing device for the stress distribution characteristics of crushed stone aggregates according to claim 5, wherein the video acquisition system comprises a plurality of cameras positioned outside the ballast box.
7. A testing device for crushed stone aggregate stress distribution characteristics according to claim 1, further comprising guide means for moving the loading plate (1) up and down with respect to the supporting base plate (2).
8. The testing device for the stress distribution characteristics of crushed stone aggregate according to claim 7, wherein the guiding mechanism comprises a plurality of guiding columns (8) connected to the supporting bottom plate (2), and guiding holes (9) formed on the loading plate (1) and corresponding to the guiding columns (8) one by one.
9. The testing device for the stress distribution characteristics of crushed stone aggregates according to claim 1, wherein the upper surface of the supporting bottom plate (2) is provided with a positioning groove (10) matched with the bottom end of the ballast box.
10. Testing device for crushed stone aggregate stress distribution characteristics according to any of claims 1 to 9, characterized in that the flexible inner layer (3), the flexible outer layer (4) are made of latex or rubber material.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN202320807877.6U CN219301842U (en) | 2023-04-12 | 2023-04-12 | Testing device for stress distribution characteristics of crushed stone aggregate |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN202320807877.6U CN219301842U (en) | 2023-04-12 | 2023-04-12 | Testing device for stress distribution characteristics of crushed stone aggregate |
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| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| CN219301842U true CN219301842U (en) | 2023-07-04 |
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| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN202320807877.6U Active CN219301842U (en) | 2023-04-12 | 2023-04-12 | Testing device for stress distribution characteristics of crushed stone aggregate |
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| CN (1) | CN219301842U (en) |
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- 2023-04-12 CN CN202320807877.6U patent/CN219301842U/en active Active
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