CN219286591U - Battery and electric equipment - Google Patents

Abstract

The application discloses battery and consumer belongs to battery technology field. The battery includes a plurality of battery monomers, box and isolation component, the battery monomer includes relief mechanism, isolation component sets up in the box and separates the inner space of box into electric cavity and collecting chamber, electric cavity is used for holding the battery monomer, collecting chamber is used for collecting the free emission of battery when relief mechanism actuates, wherein, isolation component includes first plate body, second plate body and inoxidizing coating, first plate body and the range upon range of setting of second plate body, the inoxidizing coating sets up between first plate body and second plate body, isolation component has the passageway that is used for linking electric cavity and collecting chamber. The protective layer includes a phase change material that absorbs a portion of the heat in the emissions and/or a thermal barrier material that reduces heat accumulation and, in turn, limits heat diffusion from the emissions.

Description

Battery and electric equipment

Technical Field

The application relates to the technical field of batteries, in particular to a battery and electric equipment.

Background

Batteries are widely used in electronic devices such as electric vehicles, electric automobiles, electric airplanes, electric ships, electric toy vehicles, electric toy ships, electric toy airplanes, electric tools, and the like.

In addition to improving the performance of batteries, reliability in use of batteries is also a problem to be considered in the development of battery technology.

Therefore, how to improve the reliability of the battery is a problem to be solved in the battery technology.

Disclosure of Invention

In view of the above, the present application provides a battery and an electric device, which can improve the reliability of the battery during use.

In a first aspect, the application provides a battery, including a plurality of battery monomers, box and isolation component, the battery monomer includes pressure release mechanism, isolation component sets up in the box and separates the inner space of box into electric cavity and collection chamber, electric cavity is used for holding the battery monomer, collection chamber is used for collecting the free emission of battery when pressure release mechanism actuates, wherein, isolation component includes first plate body, second plate body and inoxidizing coating, first plate body and second plate body range upon range of setting, the inoxidizing coating sets up between first plate body and second plate body, isolation component has the passageway that is used for linking electric cavity and collection chamber, the inoxidizing coating includes phase change material and/or insulating material, phase change material is used for absorbing the heat of emission when the emission passes through the passageway, insulating material is used for separating the heat diffusion of emission when the emission passes through the passageway.

In the technical scheme of this application embodiment, isolation component includes first plate body, second plate body and inoxidizing coating, and first plate body and second plate body range upon range of setting, the inoxidizing coating sets up between first plate body and second plate body, and isolation component has the passageway that is used for linking the electric cavity and collect the chamber, and when the release mechanism actuated, the free emission of battery can be discharged to the collection chamber through the passageway and collect. In the process that the emission of the battery monomer passes through the channel, in the embodiment that the protective layer comprises the phase-change material, the phase-change material can be subjected to phase change when meeting heat so as to absorb heat and convert heat in part of the emission, so that the heat of the emission is reduced when the pressure release mechanism is actuated, the heat diffusion in the box body is limited, and the reliability of the battery can be improved to a certain extent; in embodiments where the protective layer comprises a thermal insulating material, the thermal insulating material may reduce the risk of heat build-up causing the battery to fire, which may improve the reliability of the battery to some extent; in embodiments where the protective layer comprises a phase change material and a thermally insulating material, the phase change material may absorb and convert heat from a portion of the emissions, and the thermally insulating material may reduce the risk of the remaining heat accumulating to cause the battery to fire, further improving the reliability of the battery.

In some embodiments, the protective layer further comprises a receptacle in which the phase change material is received. After the phase change material is preassembled in the accommodating piece, the accommodating piece and the phase change material are assembled between the first plate body and the second plate body together, so that the phase change material can be assembled, and the assembling difficulty of the phase change material is reduced.

In some embodiments, the receptacle is configured to melt upon actuation of the pressure relief mechanism. When the pressure release mechanism is actuated, the accommodating piece is melted, so that the phase change material can be in direct contact with the emission, and the heat absorption efficiency of the phase change material is improved.

In some embodiments, the insulating material is mica.

In some embodiments, the first plate is positioned between the plurality of battery cells and the second plate, and the pressure relief mechanism corresponds to the channel location. The pressure release mechanism corresponds to the position of the channel, so that the distance of the discharge into the channel when the pressure release mechanism is actuated can be shortened, the discharge can further enter the collecting cavity to collect more quickly, the risk of heat diffusion in the electric cavity is reduced to a certain extent, and the reliability of the battery is improved.

In some embodiments, the battery further comprises a cover plate covering the channel from a side of the first plate body facing away from the second plate body, the pressure relief mechanism being disposed opposite the cover plate, the cover plate being configured to be broken upon actuation of the pressure relief mechanism to allow emissions of the battery cells to pass through the cover plate into the channel. The pressure release mechanism is arranged opposite to the cover plate, so that the risk of unsmooth opening of the pressure release mechanism caused by contact between colloid for connecting the battery monomer and the first plate body and the pressure release mechanism can be reduced.

In some embodiments, a recess is formed in a side of the cover plate facing the battery cell, the recess being for providing an actuation space for the pressure relief mechanism. When the pressure release mechanism is actuated, the concave part can reduce the risk of explosion of the battery cell caused by unsmooth emission of emissions because the pressure release mechanism is blocked and cannot be fully opened when actuated.

In some embodiments, the first plate body is provided with a first through hole, the second plate body is provided with a second through hole, the protective layer is provided with a third through hole, and the first through hole, the third through hole and the second through hole are sequentially communicated to form a channel, and the cover plate covers the first through hole. The channels formed by the first through holes, the third through holes and the second through holes are sequentially communicated, so that the processing is easy.

In some embodiments, the first plate body is provided with at least one row of a plurality of first through holes arranged at intervals along the first direction, and the cover plate covers the row of first through holes. In the embodiment that the first through hole, the third through hole and the second through hole are sequentially communicated to form the channel, the plurality of first through holes increase the number of inlets of the emission into the channel, which is equivalent to shortening the distance of the emission into the channel, so that the emission can enter the collection cavity more quickly to collect, the risk of heat diffusion in the electric cavity is reduced to a certain extent, and the reliability of the battery is improved.

In some embodiments, the first plate body is provided with a plurality of rows of first through holes, the rows of first through holes are arranged at intervals along the second direction, the number of the cover plates is a plurality, each cover plate covers a row of first through holes corresponding to the cover plates, and the first direction intersects with the second direction. The first through holes of multirow have further increased the quantity of passageway entry, can make the discharge faster get into collect in the chamber, have reduced the risk of heat diffusion in electric intracavity to a certain extent, have improved the reliability of battery.

In a second aspect, the present application provides a powered device, which includes a battery in the foregoing embodiment, where the battery is configured to provide electrical energy.

The foregoing description is merely an overview of the technical solutions of the present application, and may be implemented according to the content of the specification in order to make the technical means of the present application more clearly understood, and in order to make other objects, features and advantages of the present application more understandable, the following specific embodiments of the present application are specifically described below.

Drawings

Various other advantages and benefits will become apparent to those of ordinary skill in the art upon reading the following detailed description of the preferred embodiments. The drawings are only for purposes of illustrating the preferred embodiments and are not to be construed as limiting the application. Also, like reference numerals are used to designate like parts throughout the accompanying drawings. In the drawings:

FIG. 1 is a schematic illustration of a vehicle according to some embodiments of the present application;

FIG. 2 is an exploded view of a battery according to some embodiments of the present application;

FIG. 3 is an isometric view of a portion of the structure of a battery according to some embodiments of the present application;

FIG. 4 is a cross-sectional view of an isolation component of some embodiments of the present application;

FIG. 5 is a cross-sectional view of an isolation component of further embodiments of the present application;

FIG. 6 is a cross-sectional view of an isolation component according to further embodiments of the present application;

fig. 7 is a cross-sectional view of an isolation component of other embodiments of the present application.

Reference numerals in the specific embodiments are as follows:

1000-vehicle; 300-motor; 200-a controller; 100-cell; 11-a box body; 111-a first part; 112-a second portion; 113-an electrical cavity; 114-a collection chamber; 115-a bottom guard plate; 12-battery cells; 121-a pressure relief mechanism; 13-isolating parts; 131-a first plate; 1311-first via; 132-a second plate; 1321-second through holes; 133-protective layer; 1331—phase change material; 1332-a receptacle; 1333-insulating material; 1334-a third through hole; 134-channel; 14-cover plate; 141-recesses.

Detailed Description

Embodiments of the technical solutions of the present application will be described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings. The following examples are only for more clearly illustrating the technical solutions of the present application, and thus are only examples, and are not intended to limit the scope of protection of the present application.

Unless defined otherwise, all technical and scientific terms used herein have the same meaning as commonly understood by one of ordinary skill in the art to which this application belongs; the terminology used herein is for the purpose of describing particular embodiments only and is not intended to be limiting of the application; the terms "comprising" and "having" and any variations thereof in the description and claims of the present application and in the description of the figures above are intended to cover non-exclusive inclusions.

In the description of the embodiments of the present application, the technical terms "first," "second," etc. are used merely to distinguish between different objects and are not to be construed as indicating or implying a relative importance or implicitly indicating the number of technical features indicated, a particular order or a primary or secondary relationship. In the description of the embodiments of the present application, the meaning of "plurality" is two or more unless explicitly defined otherwise.

Reference herein to "an embodiment" means that a particular feature, structure, or characteristic described in connection with the embodiment may be included in at least one embodiment of the present application. The appearances of such phrases in various places in the specification are not necessarily all referring to the same embodiment, nor are separate or alternative embodiments mutually exclusive of other embodiments. Those of skill in the art will explicitly and implicitly appreciate that the embodiments described herein may be combined with other embodiments.

In the description of the embodiments of the present application, the term "plurality" refers to two or more (including two), and similarly, "plural sets" refers to two or more (including two), and "plural sheets" refers to two or more (including two).

In the description of the embodiments of the present application, the orientation or positional relationship indicated by the technical terms "center", "longitudinal", "transverse", "length", "width", "thickness", "upper", "lower", "front", "rear", "left", "right", "vertical", "horizontal", "top", "bottom", "inner", "outer", "clockwise", "counterclockwise", "axial", "radial", "circumferential", etc. are based on the orientation or positional relationship shown in the drawings, and are merely for convenience of describing the embodiments of the present application and for simplifying the description, rather than indicating or implying that the apparatus or element referred to must have a specific orientation, be configured and operated in a specific orientation, and therefore should not be construed as limiting the embodiments of the present application.

In the description of the embodiments of the present application, unless explicitly specified and limited otherwise, the terms "mounted," "connected," "secured" and the like are to be construed broadly and may be, for example, fixedly connected, detachably connected, or integrally formed; or may be mechanically or electrically connected; can be directly connected or indirectly connected through an intermediate medium, and can be communicated with the inside of two elements or the interaction relationship of the two elements. The specific meaning of the above terms in the embodiments of the present application will be understood by those of ordinary skill in the art according to the specific circumstances.

In the present application, the battery cell may include a lithium ion secondary battery, a lithium ion primary battery, a lithium sulfur battery, a sodium lithium ion battery, a sodium ion battery, a magnesium ion battery, or the like, which is not limited by the embodiment of the present application. The battery cells may be cylindrical, flat, rectangular, or otherwise shaped, as well as the embodiments herein are not limited in this regard. The battery cells are generally classified into three types according to the packaging method: the cylindrical battery cell, the square battery cell and the soft package battery cell are not limited thereto.

Reference to a battery in embodiments of the present application refers to a single physical module that includes one or more battery cells to provide higher voltage and capacity. The battery generally includes a case for enclosing one or more battery cells. The case body can prevent liquid or other foreign matters from affecting the charge or discharge of the battery cells.

The battery cell comprises an electrode assembly and electrolyte, wherein the electrode assembly consists of a positive plate, a negative plate and a separation membrane. The battery cell mainly relies on metal ions to move between the positive and negative electrode plates to operate.

The development of battery technology is to consider various design factors, such as energy density, cycle life, discharge capacity, charge-discharge rate, and other performance parameters, and further, the reliability of the battery during use needs to be considered.

For the battery cells, the main safety hazard comes from the charging and discharging process, and at the same time, the battery cells are generally provided with at least three protection measures for effectively avoiding unnecessary loss due to the proper environmental temperature design. In particular, the protective measures comprise at least a switching element, a selection of a suitable isolating membrane material and a pressure relief mechanism.

A pressure relief mechanism refers to an element or component that actuates to relieve internal pressure or temperature of a battery cell when the internal pressure or temperature or other condition reaches a predetermined threshold. The threshold design varies according to design requirements. The threshold value may depend on the material of one or more of the positive electrode tab, the negative electrode tab, the electrolyte and the separator in the battery cell. The pressure release mechanism may take the form of, for example, an explosion-proof valve, a gas valve, a pressure release valve, or a safety valve, and may specifically take the form of a pressure-sensitive or temperature-sensitive element or structure, i.e., when the internal pressure or temperature of the battery cell or other conditions reach a predetermined threshold, the pressure release mechanism performs an action or a weak structure provided in the pressure release mechanism is broken, thereby forming an opening or a channel through which the internal pressure or temperature can be released.

The pressure release mechanism can be arranged at the bottom of the battery cell, at the side surface of the battery cell and the like.

As used herein, the term "actuated" refers to the pressure relief mechanism being actuated or activated to a state such that the internal pressure and temperature of the battery cell is relieved, thereby relieving the internal pressure and temperature of the battery cell. The actions generated by the pressure relief mechanism may include, but are not limited to: at least a portion of the pressure relief mechanism breaks, melts, is torn or opened, etc. When the pressure release mechanism is actuated, high-temperature and high-pressure substances inside the battery cell are discharged outwards from the actuated position as emissions. In this way, the pressure and temperature of the battery cell can be relieved under the condition of controllable pressure or temperature, so that the occurrence of a potential serious accident is avoided.

References herein to emissions from a battery cell include, but are not limited to: electrolyte, dissolved or split positive and negative electrode plates, fragments of a separation membrane, high-temperature and high-pressure gas generated by reaction, flame and the like.

In order to improve the operational reliability and stability of the battery, a thermal management component is usually disposed in the case. The thermal management component is for containing a fluid to regulate temperature of the plurality of battery cells. In some cases, the pressure relief mechanism of the battery cell is disposed at the bottom of the battery cell. In other cases, the thermal management member may be disposed on the large-surface side of the battery cell in order to increase the contact area of the thermal management member with the battery cell.

In some standards, after thermal runaway of a certain battery cell inside the battery is required, at least 5min of escape time of passengers should be ensured, and during the escape time, open fire cannot be sprayed out of the battery to harm the outside. The method belongs to passive protection assessment of the thermal safety of a power battery system. That is, how to limit the spread of heat upon actuation of the pressure relief mechanism is particularly important for reliability of the battery in use.

While a typical battery has a drain channel provided in the bottom plate of the case for discharging the drain to the buffer space between the bottom plate and the bottom plate, the drain channel has a limited space, and the space between the bottom plate and the bottom plate is limited. When the pressure release mechanism is actuated, the capacity of limiting heat diffusion of the structure is weak, heat in the battery is easy to spread and gather, the risk of the battery generating fire or even explosion is high in a short time, and the reliability of the battery in use is poor.

In view of this, the application provides a battery, including a plurality of battery monomers, box and isolation component, the battery monomer includes pressure release mechanism, isolation component sets up in the box and separates the inner space of box into electric cavity and collection chamber, electric cavity is used for holding the battery monomer, collection chamber is used for collecting the free emission of battery when pressure release mechanism actuates, wherein, isolation component includes first plate body, second plate body and inoxidizing coating, first plate body and second plate body range upon range of setting, the inoxidizing coating sets up between first plate body and second plate body, isolation component has the passageway that is used for linking electric cavity and collection chamber, the inoxidizing coating includes phase change material and/or insulating material, phase change material is used for absorbing the heat of emission when the emission passes through the passageway, insulating material is used for separating the heat diffusion of emission when the emission passes through the passageway. When the pressure release mechanism is actuated, the single-cell emission can be discharged to the collecting cavity through the channel for collection, and in the process that the single-cell emission passes through the channel, the protective layer can absorb part of heat in the emission or reduce heat aggregation so as to limit heat diffusion of the emission, and the risk of heat spreading in the box body when the pressure release mechanism is actuated is reduced to a certain extent, so that the reliability of the battery is improved.

The technical solutions described in the embodiments of the present application are applicable to various devices using batteries, for example, electric vehicles, electric tools, electric vehicles, ships, spacecraft, and the like, and for example, spacecraft including airplanes, rockets, space shuttles, spacecraft, and the like.

It should be understood that the technical solutions described in the embodiments of the present application are not limited to the above-described devices, but may be applied to all devices using batteries, but for simplicity of description, the following embodiments are described by taking an electric vehicle as an example.

In some embodiments, referring to fig. 1, the vehicle 1000 may be a fuel-oil vehicle, a gas-oil vehicle, or a new energy vehicle, which may be a pure electric vehicle, a hybrid vehicle, or an extended range vehicle. The motor 300, the controller 200, and the battery 100 may be provided in the vehicle 1000, and the controller 200 is used to control the battery 100 to supply power to the motor 300. For example, the battery 100 may be provided at the bottom or the head or tail of the vehicle 1000. Battery 100 may be used to power vehicle 1000, for example, battery 100 may be used as an operating power source for vehicle 1000, for circuitry of vehicle 1000, for example, for operating power requirements during start-up, navigation, and operation of vehicle 1000. In another embodiment of the present application, battery 100 may not only serve as an operating power source for vehicle 1000, but may also serve as a driving power source for vehicle 1000, instead of or in part instead of fuel oil or natural gas, to provide driving power for vehicle 1000.

In some embodiments, referring to fig. 2, to meet different power requirements, the battery 100 may include a plurality of battery cells 12. The plurality of battery cells 12 may be connected in series or parallel or in parallel, and the series-parallel connection refers to a mixture of series connection and parallel connection. Battery 100 may also be referred to as a battery pack. The battery 100 may further include a case 11, in which the case 11 has a hollow structure, and a plurality of battery cells 12 are accommodated in the case 11. The housing 11 may include two portions, referred to herein as a first portion 111 and a second portion 112, respectively, the first portion 111 and the second portion 112 snap together. The shape of the first portion 111 and the second portion 112 may be determined according to the shape of the combination of the plurality of battery cells 12, and each of the first portion 111 and the second portion 112 may have one opening. For example, each of the first portion 111 and the second portion 112 may be a hollow rectangular parallelepiped and each has only one surface as an open surface, the opening of the first portion 111 and the opening of the second portion 112 are disposed opposite to each other, and the first portion 111 and the second portion 112 are fastened to each other to form the case 11 having a closed chamber. The plurality of battery cells 12 are mutually connected in parallel or in series-parallel combination and then are placed in the box 11 formed by buckling the first part 111 and the second part 112. Alternatively, the battery 100 may further include other structures, which are not described in detail herein.

The number of battery cells 12 may be set to any number depending on the different power requirements. The plurality of battery cells 12 may be connected in series, parallel, or series-parallel to achieve a larger capacity or power.

In some embodiments, referring to fig. 2, 3 and 4, the case 11 of the battery 100 further includes a separation member 13, the case 11 may include a first portion 111 and a second portion 112, two sides of the second portion 112 have openings, the first portion 111 covers one side opening of the second portion 112, and the separation member 13 covers the other side opening of the second portion 112. In some embodiments, the bottom wall of the second portion 112 may be replaced with the spacer member 13. And a bottom shield 115 is provided to enclose the opening of the second portion 112 on the side adjacent to the partition 13 to form a sealed case 11.

Referring to fig. 2 and 4-7, a battery 100 is provided, and includes a plurality of battery cells 12, a case 11, and a separation member 13, where the battery cells 12 include a pressure release mechanism 121, the separation member 13 is disposed in the case 11 and divides an inner space of the case 11 into an electric cavity 113 and a collecting cavity 114, the electric cavity 113 is used for accommodating the battery cells 12, the collecting cavity 114 is used for collecting emissions of the battery cells 12 when the pressure release mechanism 121 is actuated, the separation member 13 includes a first plate 131, a second plate 132, and a protective layer 133, the first plate 131 and the second plate 132 are stacked, the protective layer 133 is disposed between the first plate 131 and the second plate 132, the separation member 13 has a channel 134 for connecting the electric cavity 113 and the collecting cavity 114, the protective layer 133 includes a phase change material 1331 and/or a heat insulating material 1333, the phase change material 1331 is used for absorbing heat of the emissions when the emissions pass through the channel 134, and the heat insulating material 1333 is used for blocking heat diffusion of the emissions when the emissions pass through the channel 134.

The pressure release mechanism 121 is used to actuate to release the internal pressure or temperature of the battery cell 12 when the internal pressure or temperature reaches a threshold.

In some embodiments, the housing of the battery cell 12 may be adhered to the upper surface of the first plate 131 by a glue.

In some embodiments, the first plate 131 is provided with a first through hole 1311, the second plate 132 is provided with a second through hole 1321, the protective layer 133 is provided with a third through hole 1334, and the first through hole 1311, the third through hole 1334 and the second through hole 1321 are sequentially communicated to form the channel 134.

In some embodiments, the first plate 131 is provided with a first through hole 1311, the second plate 132 is provided with a second through hole 1321, the phase change material 1331 is in a porous structure, and the first through hole 1311, at least part of the phase change material 1331 and the third through hole 1334 form a communicating channel 134.

In an embodiment in which first throughbore 1311, third throughbore 1334, and second throughbore 1321 are in communication in sequence to form channel 134, battery 100 further includes a cover plate 14, cover plate 14 covering first throughbore 1311 from a side of first plate body 131 facing away from second plate body 132, pressure relief mechanism 121 is disposed opposite cover plate 14, and cover plate 14 is configured to be broken upon actuation of pressure relief mechanism 121 such that emissions of battery cells 12 pass through cover plate 14 into channel 134. The side of the cover plate 14 facing the battery cell 12 is formed with a recess 141, the recess 141 being used to provide an actuation space for the pressure relief mechanism 121. That is, some parts of the pressure relief mechanism 121 may extend into the recess 141 so that the pressure relief mechanism 121 has sufficient opening space.

Typically, the pressure release mechanism 121 is disposed on the bottom wall of the battery cell 12, so that when the pressure release mechanism 121 is actuated, the exhaust of the battery cell 12 is discharged to the bottom of the battery 100. In this way, on the one hand, the risk of emissions can be reduced by the protective structure of the separator 13 or the like at the bottom of the battery 100, and on the other hand, the bottom of the battery 100 is generally away from the user, so that the harm to the user can be reduced.

The pressure relief mechanism 121 may be any of a variety of possible pressure relief structures, and embodiments of the present application are not limited in this regard. For example, the pressure relief mechanism 121 may be a temperature-sensitive pressure relief mechanism configured to melt when the internal temperature of the battery cell 12 provided with the pressure relief mechanism 121 reaches a threshold value, and/or the pressure relief mechanism 121 may be a pressure-sensitive pressure relief mechanism configured to rupture when the internal air pressure of the battery cell 12 provided with the pressure relief mechanism 121 reaches a threshold value.

The electric chamber 113 is used to accommodate a plurality of battery cells 12. The electrical cavity 113 may be sealed or unsealed. The electrical cavity 113 provides installation space for the battery cell 12. In some embodiments, structure for securing the battery cells 12 may also be provided in the electrical cavity 113. The shape of the electric cavity 113 may be determined according to the plurality of battery cells 12 received. In some embodiments, the electrical cavity 113 may be square with six walls. Since the battery cells 12 within the electrical cavity 113 form a higher voltage output through electrical connection, the electrical cavity 113 may also be referred to as a "high voltage cavity".

The collection chamber 114 is used to collect emissions and may be sealed or unsealed. In some embodiments, the collection chamber 114 may contain air, or other gases, therein, and the collection chamber 114 may also be referred to as a "low pressure chamber". In some embodiments, the collection chamber 114 may also contain a liquid, such as a cooling medium, or a means to contain the liquid may be provided to further cool the effluent entering the collection chamber 114. Further alternatively, the gas or liquid within the collection chamber 114 is circulated.

The material of the first plate 131 may be metal, such as aluminum alloy.

The material of the second plate 132 may be metal, such as aluminum alloy.

The first plate 131 may be connected to the wall of the case 11 by friction stir welding, and the second plate 132 may be connected to the wall of the case 11 by friction stir welding.

The phase change material 1331 may be a solid-solid phase change material, and absorbs thermal energy by converting the crystal structure of a substance, for example, a multi-remote alcohol substance (such as pentatetrol, neopentyl glycol, and trimethylolethane), an organic polymer substance (such as high-density polyethylene), and an inorganic salt substance (such as lithium sulfate and potassium bifluoride). The phase change material 1331 may be a solid-liquid phase change material, and absorbs heat during the process of changing the phase change material 1331 from solid to liquid, for example, aerogel, higher aliphatic hydrocarbon substances (n-hexadecane, n-octadecane, paraffin, etc.), crystalline hydrated salt substances (mirabilite, manganese nitrate hexahydrate, etc.), molten salt (lithium fluoride, sodium fluoride, calcium fluoride, etc.) metal and alloy substances (lead-tin alloy, etc.), and polymer substances (polyethylene, etc.).

The phase change material 1331 may have a honeycomb-shaped porous structure, a tubular structure, or a granular structure.

The protective layer 133 may include a phase change material 1331 and/or a thermal insulating material 1333. The phase change material 1331 may be preheated to absorb heat by phase change to limit heat diffusion; the insulating material 1333 may block heat diffusion. In some embodiments, the phase change material 1331 may be preassembled to the container 1332, and then the container 1332 and the phase change material 1331 are assembled between the first plate 131 and the second plate 132. In some embodiments, referring to fig. 7, the phase change material 1331 and the heat insulation material 1333 may be disposed along the stacking direction of the first plate body 131 and the second plate body 132, the heat insulation material 1333 may be provided with a groove near the channel 134, the groove is open at one side and is communicated with the channel 134, and the phase change material 1331 is disposed in the groove. The groove may be adjacent to the first plate 131 or adjacent to the second plate 132. In some embodiments, the phase change material 1331 may be disposed around the channel 134 and the insulating material 1333 may be disposed around the phase change material 1331. In an embodiment in which a plurality of first through holes 1311 are provided on the first plate body 131 at intervals along the first direction, the insulating material 1333 is located between two adjacent first through holes 1311, and the phase change material 1331 is surrounded on the insulating material 1333.

The insulating material 1333 may be a tubular structure surrounding the passageway 134. In the embodiment of the channel 134 formed by sequentially connecting the first through holes 1311, the third through holes 1334 and the second through holes 1321, a plurality of first through holes 1311 are arranged on the first plate body 131, a plurality of second through holes 1321 corresponding to the first through holes 1311 one by one are arranged on the second plate body 132, one end of the heat insulation material 1333 of the tubular structure is communicated with the first through holes 1311, the other end of the heat insulation material 1333 of the tubular structure is communicated with the second through holes 1321, one channel 134 is formed by one first through hole 1311, one heat insulation material 1333 of the tubular structure and one second through hole 1321, heat diffusion between adjacent channels 134 can be blocked by the heat insulation material 1333, and the occurrence of heat aggregation is reduced to a certain extent, so that the effect of limiting the heat diffusion is achieved.

The insulating material 1333 may be a fire-resistant material such as mica or the like.

In some embodiments, a cooling flow channel is further disposed between the first plate 131 and the second plate 132, and a heat exchange medium is disposed in the cooling flow channel, and the heat exchange medium is used to adjust the temperature of the battery cell 12. The cooling flow channels are spaced from the channels 134. In some embodiments, the shield 133 is located between the cooling flow channel and the channel 134.

In some embodiments, the housing 11 further includes a bottom shield 115, the isolation member 13 is disposed within the housing 11, the bottom shield 115 surrounds an opening of the housing 11 on a side facing the isolation member 13, and a collection chamber 114 is formed between the bottom shield 115 and a second plate 132 of the isolation member 13.

In the technical solution of this embodiment of the present application, the isolation component 13 includes a first plate body 131, a second plate body 132, and a protection layer 133, where the first plate body 131 and the second plate body 132 are stacked, the protection layer 133 is disposed between the first plate body 131 and the second plate body 132, the isolation component 13 has a channel 134 for connecting the air cavity 113 and the collecting cavity 114, when the pressure release mechanism 121 is actuated, the effluent of the battery cell 12 is discharged to the collecting cavity 114 through the channel 134, and in the process that the effluent of the battery cell 12 passes through the channel 134, in the embodiment that the protection layer 133 includes a phase-change material 1331, the phase-change material 1331 may undergo a phase change when encountering heat to absorb heat, and convert heat in part of the effluent, so that when the pressure release mechanism 121 is actuated, the heat of the effluent is reduced, so as to limit the heat diffusion in the case 11, and to a certain extent, the reliability of the battery 100 may be improved; in embodiments where the protective layer 133 includes the insulating material 1333, the insulating material 1333 may reduce the risk of heat build-up causing the battery 100 to fire, which may improve the reliability of the battery 100 to some extent; in embodiments where the protective layer 133 includes a phase change material 1331 and a thermal insulating material 1333, the phase change material 1331 may absorb and convert heat from a portion of the emissions, and the thermal insulating material 1333 may reduce the risk of the remaining heat accumulating to cause the battery 100 to fire, further improving the reliability of the battery 100.

Referring to fig. 5, according to some embodiments of the present application, the protection layer 133 further includes a receiving member 1332, and the phase change material 1331 is received in the receiving member 1332.

The material of the container 1332 may be metal with high thermal conductivity or plastic which can be melted by preheating.

After the storage piece 1332 is preloaded with the phase change material 1331, the storage piece 1332 and the phase change material 1331 are assembled together between the first plate body 131 and the second plate body 132, so that the phase change material 1331 can be assembled, and the assembling difficulty of the phase change material 1331 is reduced.

According to some embodiments of the present application, referring to fig. 5, the receptacle 1332 is configured to melt upon actuation of the pressure relief mechanism 121.

In some embodiments, the phase change material 1331 is in a granular solid structure, the accommodating piece 1332 is a plastic film, the plastic film is integrally disposed between the first plate body 131 and the second plate body 132 after wrapping the stacked granular phase change material 1331, when the pressure release mechanism 121 is actuated, the heat of the discharged material melts the plastic film, the phase change material 1331 is exposed, and part of the discharged material such as high-temperature gas can directly contact with the phase change material 1331.

Upon actuation of pressure relief mechanism 121, receptacle 1332 melts, allowing phase change material 1331 to directly contact the emissions, increasing the heat sink efficiency of phase change material 1331.

In some embodiments, the insulating material 1333 is mica.

Referring to fig. 6, according to some embodiments of the present application, a first plate 131 is located between the plurality of battery cells 12 and a second plate 132, and a pressure release mechanism 121 corresponds to the channel 134.

The pressure release mechanism 121 corresponds to the position of the passage 134, meaning that the projection of the pressure release mechanism 121 is located inside the passage 134 in the stacking direction of the first plate body 131 and the second plate body 132.

The pressure release mechanism 121 corresponds to the position of the channel 134, so that the distance of the exhaust entering the channel 134 when the pressure release mechanism 121 is actuated can be shortened, and the exhaust can enter the collecting cavity 114 to collect more quickly, so that the risk of heat diffusion in the electric cavity 113 is reduced to a certain extent, and the reliability of the battery 100 is improved.

According to some embodiments of the present application, referring to fig. 6, battery 100 further includes a cover 14, cover 14 covers channel 134 from a side of first plate 131 facing away from second plate 132, pressure relief mechanism 121 is disposed opposite cover 14, and cover 14 is configured to be broken upon actuation of pressure relief mechanism 121 such that emissions from battery cells 12 pass through cover 14 into channel 134.

In some embodiments, the portion of the cover plate 14 opposite the pressure relief mechanism 121 may have a lower melting point than the remainder, and upon actuation of the pressure relief mechanism 121, a portion of the cover plate 14 may melt to allow emissions to fall through the cover plate 14 into the channel 134 into the collection chamber 114.

In some embodiments, the portion of the cover 14 opposite the pressure relief mechanism 121 may be of lower thickness than the remainder, and upon actuation of the pressure relief mechanism 121, the emissions may rupture the thinner portion of the cover 14 to cause the emissions to fall through the cover 14 into the channel 134 into the collection chamber 114.

In some embodiments, the housing of the battery cell 12 is adhered to the first plate 131 by a glue, and the projection of the pressure release mechanism 121 is located in the cover 14 in the stacking direction of the first plate 131 and the second plate 132.

The pressure release mechanism 121 is disposed opposite to the cover plate 14, so that the risk of unsmooth opening of the pressure release mechanism 121 caused by contact between the colloid for connecting the battery cell 12 and the first plate 131 and the pressure release mechanism 121 can be reduced.

According to some embodiments of the present application, referring to fig. 6, a recess 141 is formed on a side of the cover 14 facing the battery cell 12, and the recess 141 is used to provide an actuation space of the pressure release mechanism 121.

The recess 141 may be formed integrally with the cover plate 14 by injection molding or by press molding.

In some embodiments, the projection of the pressure relief mechanism 121 is located within the recess 141 in the stacking direction of the first plate 131 and the second plate 132.

Upon actuation of the pressure relief mechanism 121, the recess 141 may reduce the risk of explosion of the battery cell 12 due to emissions that are not smooth as the pressure relief mechanism 121 is blocked from being fully opened upon actuation.

According to some embodiments of the present application, referring to fig. 6, the first plate 131 is provided with a first through hole 1311, the second plate 132 is provided with a second through hole 1321, the protective layer 133 is provided with a third through hole 1334, the first through hole 1311, the third through hole 1334 and the second through hole 1321 are sequentially communicated to form a channel 134, and the cover plate 14 covers the first through hole 1311.

In embodiments where the phase change material 1331 is aerogel or the insulating material 1333 is mica, a third through hole 1334 may be formed through one opposite side of the phase change material 1331. In the embodiment where the phase change material 1331 is granular, an annular accommodating piece 1332 may be provided, an accommodating cavity is formed inside the accommodating piece 1332, the phase change material 1331 is accommodated in the accommodating cavity, and an inner ring of the annular accommodating piece 1332 is the third through hole 1334.

The passage 134 formed by sequentially communicating the first through hole 1311, the third through hole 1334 and the second through hole 1321 has an advantage of easy processing.

Referring to fig. 3 and 5, at least one row of first through holes 1311 spaced along the first direction is disposed on the first plate 131, and the cover 14 covers the row of first through holes 1311.

Referring to fig. 3, the x direction is the first direction.

In some embodiments, referring to fig. 3 and 5, a plurality of recesses 141 are disposed on the cover 14 at intervals along the first direction, and the recesses 141 are in one-to-one correspondence with the first through holes 1311.

In the embodiment in which the first through holes 1311, the third through holes 1334 and the second through holes 1321 are sequentially connected to form the channels 134, the plurality of first through holes 1311 increases the number of inlets of the exhaust into the channels 134, which is equivalent to shortening the distance of the exhaust into the channels 134, so that the exhaust can enter the collection chamber 114 to collect more quickly, the risk of heat diffusion in the electric chamber 113 is reduced to some extent, and the reliability of the battery 100 is improved.

According to some embodiments of the present application, referring to fig. 3 and 4, a plurality of rows of first through holes 1311 are disposed on the first plate body 131, the plurality of rows of first through holes 1311 are arranged at intervals along the second direction, the number of the cover plates 14 is plural, each cover plate 14 covers a row of first through holes 1311 corresponding to the cover plates, and the first direction intersects with the second direction.

In some embodiments, referring to fig. 4, the y direction is the second direction.

The first direction intersects the second direction, meaning that the first direction is perpendicular to the second direction or the first direction is at an angle to the second direction.

The plurality of rows of first through holes 1311 further increases the number of inlets to channel 134, allowing faster entry of emissions into collection chamber 114 for collection, reducing to some extent the risk of heat spreading within electrical chamber 113, and improving the reliability of battery 100.

According to some embodiments of the present application, there is further provided a powered device, including the battery 100 according to any of the above aspects, and the battery 100 is configured to provide power to the powered device.

According to some embodiments of the present application, please refer to fig. 2-4, the present application provides a battery 100, including a plurality of battery cells 12, a case 11 and an isolation component 13, the battery cells 12 include a pressure release mechanism 121, the isolation component 13 is disposed in the case 11 and separates an inner space of the case 11 into an electrical cavity 113 and a collecting cavity 114, the electrical cavity 113 is used for accommodating the battery cells 12, the collecting cavity 114 is used for collecting the discharge of the battery cells 12 when the pressure release mechanism 121 is actuated, wherein the isolation component 13 includes a first plate 131, a second plate 132 and a protective layer 133, the first plate 131 and the second plate 132 are stacked, the protective layer 133 is disposed between the first plate 131 and the second plate 132, the isolation component 13 has a channel 134 for connecting the electrical cavity 113 and the collecting cavity 114, the first plate 131 is disposed between the plurality of battery cells 12 and the second plate 132, and the pressure release mechanism 121 corresponds to the channel 134. The battery 100 further comprises a cover plate 14, the cover plate 14 covering the channel 134 from a side of the first plate body 131 facing away from the second plate body 132, a pressure relief mechanism 121 being provided opposite the cover plate 14, the cover plate 14 being configured to be broken upon actuation of the pressure relief mechanism 121 such that emissions of the battery cells 12 pass through the cover plate 14 into the channel 134. The side of the cover plate 14 facing the battery cell 12 is formed with a recess 141, the recess 141 being used to provide an actuation space for the pressure relief mechanism 121. The protective layer 133 includes a phase change material 1331, the phase change material 1331 being aerogel for absorbing heat from the emissions as the emissions pass through the channel 134.

The first plate 131 is provided with a first through hole 1311, the second plate 132 is provided with a second through hole 1321, the aerogel is provided with a third through hole 1334, the first through hole 1311, the third through hole 1334 and the second through hole 1321 are sequentially communicated to form a channel 134, at least one row of a plurality of first through holes 1311 arranged at intervals along the first direction are arranged on the first plate 131, and the cover plate 14 covers one row of the first through holes 1311. The first plate body 131 is provided with a plurality of rows of first through holes 1311, the plurality of rows of first through holes 1311 are arranged at intervals along the second direction, the number of the cover plates 14 is plural, each cover plate 14 covers a row of first through holes 1311 corresponding to the cover plate, and the first direction intersects the second direction.

Upon actuation of the pressure relief mechanism 121, the high temperature, high pressure gas breaks or melts portions of the recess 141 and the effluent passes through the cover plate 14 into the channel 134 and falls into the collection chamber 114, with a portion of the heat being absorbed by the aerogel during the passage of the effluent through the channel 134 to limit the spread of the heat.

According to some embodiments of the present application, please refer to fig. 2, 3 and 5, the present application provides a battery 100, including a plurality of battery cells 12, a case 11 and an isolation part 13, the battery cells 12 include a pressure release mechanism 121, the isolation part 13 is disposed in the case 11 and divides an inner space of the case 11 into an electric cavity 113 and a collecting cavity 114, the electric cavity 113 is used for accommodating the battery cells 12, the collecting cavity 114 is used for collecting emissions of the battery cells 12 when the pressure release mechanism 121 is actuated, wherein the isolation part 13 includes a first plate 131, a second plate 132 and a protection layer 133, the first plate 131 and the second plate 132 are stacked, the protection layer 133 is disposed between the first plate 131 and the second plate 132, the isolation part 13 has a channel 134 for connecting the electric cavity 113 and the collecting cavity 114, and the protection layer 133 is used for limiting heat diffusion of the emissions passing through the channel 134. The first plate 131 is located between the plurality of battery cells 12 and the second plate 132, and the pressure release mechanism 121 corresponds to the channel 134. The battery 100 further comprises a cover plate 14, the cover plate 14 covering the channel 134 from a side of the first plate body 131 facing away from the second plate body 132, a pressure relief mechanism 121 being provided opposite the cover plate 14, the cover plate 14 being configured to be broken upon actuation of the pressure relief mechanism 121 such that emissions of the battery cells 12 pass through the cover plate 14 into the channel 134. The side of the cover plate 14 facing the battery cell 12 is formed with a recess 141, the recess 141 being used to provide an actuation space for the pressure relief mechanism 121. The protective layer 133 includes a thermally insulating material 1333, the thermally insulating material 1333 being for blocking heat diffusion of the emissions as the emissions pass through the channel 134, the thermally insulating material 1333 being mica.

The first plate 131 is provided with a first through hole 1311, the second plate 132 is provided with a second through hole 1321, mica is provided with a third through hole 1334, the first through hole 1311, the third through hole 1334 and the second through hole 1321 are sequentially communicated to form a channel 134, at least one row of a plurality of first through holes 1311 arranged at intervals along the first direction are arranged on the first plate 131, and the cover plate 14 covers one row of the first through holes 1311. The first plate body 131 is provided with a plurality of rows of first through holes 1311, the plurality of rows of first through holes 1311 are arranged at intervals along the second direction, the number of the cover plates 14 is plural, each cover plate 14 covers a row of first through holes 1311 corresponding to the cover plate, and the first direction intersects the second direction.

Upon actuation of the pressure relief mechanism 121, the high temperature, high pressure gas breaks or melts portions of the recess 141 and the emissions pass through the cover plate 14 into the channel 134 and fall into the collection chamber 114. During the passage of the emissions through the channel 134, the mica may act as a heat shield, fire shield, to limit the heat dissipation of the emissions.

According to some embodiments of the present application, please refer to fig. 2 and fig. 3-7, the present application provides a battery 100, including a plurality of battery cells 12, a case 11 and an isolation part 13, the battery cells 12 include a pressure release mechanism 121, the isolation part 13 is disposed in the case 11 and divides an inner space of the case 11 into an electrical cavity 113 and a collecting cavity 114, the electrical cavity 113 is used for accommodating the battery cells 12, the collecting cavity 114 is used for collecting emissions of the battery cells 12 when the pressure release mechanism 121 is actuated, wherein the isolation part 13 includes a first plate 131, a second plate 132 and a protection layer 133, the first plate 131 and the second plate 132 are stacked, the protection layer 133 is disposed between the first plate 131 and the second plate 132, the isolation part 13 has a channel 134 for connecting the electrical cavity 113 and the collecting cavity 114, and the protection layer 133 is used for limiting heat diffusion of the emissions passing through the channel 134. The first plate 131 is located between the plurality of battery cells 12 and the second plate 132, and the pressure release mechanism 121 corresponds to the channel 134. The battery 100 further comprises a cover plate 14, the cover plate 14 covering the channel 134 from a side of the first plate body 131 facing away from the second plate body 132, a pressure relief mechanism 121 being provided opposite the cover plate 14, the cover plate 14 being configured to be broken upon actuation of the pressure relief mechanism 121 such that emissions of the battery cells 12 pass through the cover plate 14 into the channel 134. The side of the cover plate 14 facing the battery cell 12 is formed with a recess 141, the recess 141 being used to provide an actuation space for the pressure relief mechanism 121. The protective layer 133 includes a phase change material 1331 and a heat insulating material 1333 disposed between the first and second plates 131 and 132, the phase change material 1331 for absorbing heat of the emissions as the emissions pass through the passageway 134, and the heat insulating material 1333 for blocking heat diffusion of the emissions as the emissions pass through the passageway 134. The insulating material 1333 is located between two adjacent first through holes 1311, and the phase change material 1331 is surrounded on the insulating material 1333.

The first plate body 131 is provided with at least one row of a plurality of first through holes 1311 spaced apart along the first direction, and the cover plate 14 covers the row of first through holes 1311. The first plate body 131 is provided with a plurality of rows of first through holes 1311, the plurality of rows of first through holes 1311 are arranged at intervals along the second direction, the number of the cover plates 14 is plural, each cover plate 14 covers a row of first through holes 1311 corresponding to the cover plate, and the first direction intersects the second direction.

Upon actuation of the pressure relief mechanism 121, the high temperature, high pressure gas breaks or melts portions of the recess 141 and the effluent passes through the cover plate 14 into the channel 134 and falls into the collection chamber 114, and the cooling fluid absorbs some of the heat of the effluent as it passes through the channel 134 to limit the heat dissipation of the effluent.

Finally, it should be noted that: the above embodiments are only for illustrating the technical solution of the present application, and not for limiting the same; although the present application has been described in detail with reference to the foregoing embodiments, it should be understood by those of ordinary skill in the art that: the technical scheme described in the foregoing embodiments can be modified or some or all of the technical features thereof can be replaced by equivalents; such modifications and substitutions do not depart from the spirit of the embodiments, and are intended to be included within the scope of the claims and description. In particular, the technical features mentioned in the respective embodiments may be combined in any manner as long as there is no structural conflict. The present application is not limited to the specific embodiments disclosed herein, but encompasses all technical solutions falling within the scope of the claims.

Claims (11)

1. A battery, comprising:

the battery unit comprises a pressure release mechanism;

a case;

the isolation component is arranged in the box body and divides the inner space of the box body into an electric cavity and a collecting cavity, the electric cavity is used for containing the battery unit, and the collecting cavity is used for collecting the emission of the battery unit when the pressure release mechanism is actuated;

the isolation part comprises a first plate body, a second plate body and a protective layer, wherein the first plate body and the second plate body are arranged in a stacked mode, the protective layer is arranged between the first plate body and the second plate body, and the isolation part is provided with a channel used for communicating the electric cavity and the collecting cavity;

the protective layer comprises a phase change material for absorbing heat of the emissions as they pass through the passage and/or a thermal insulation material for blocking heat diffusion of the emissions as they pass through the passage.

2. The battery of claim 1, wherein the protective layer further comprises a receptacle in which the phase change material is received.

3. The battery of claim 2, wherein the receptacle is configured to melt upon actuation of the pressure relief mechanism.

4. The battery of claim 1, wherein the insulating material is mica.

5. The battery of claim 1, wherein the first plate is positioned between the plurality of cells and the second plate, the pressure relief mechanism corresponding to the channel location.

6. The battery of claim 5, further comprising a cover covering the channel from a side of the first plate facing away from the second plate, the pressure relief mechanism being disposed opposite the cover, the cover configured to be broken upon actuation of the pressure relief mechanism to allow emissions of the battery cells to enter the channel through the cover.

7. The battery according to claim 6, wherein a recess is formed in a side of the cover plate facing the battery cell, the recess being for providing an actuation space of the pressure release mechanism.

8. The battery of claim 6, wherein the first plate body is provided with a first through hole, the second plate body is provided with a second through hole, the protective layer is provided with a third through hole, the first through hole, the third through hole and the second through hole are sequentially communicated to form the channel, and the cover plate covers the first through hole.

9. The battery of claim 8, wherein the first plate body is provided with at least one row of a plurality of the first through holes spaced apart along a first direction, and the cover plate covers the one row of the first through holes.

10. The battery according to claim 9, wherein a plurality of rows of the first through holes are arranged on the first plate body, the plurality of rows of the first through holes are arranged at intervals along the second direction, the number of the cover plates is plural, each cover plate covers a row of the first through holes corresponding to the cover plate, and the first direction intersects with the second direction.

11. A powered device comprising a battery as claimed in any one of claims 1-10, the battery being arranged to provide electrical energy.

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