CN219262337U - External cleaning device and well cementation equipment - Google Patents

Abstract

The utility model provides an external cleaning device and well cementation equipment. The external cleaning device is used in well cementation equipment with components such as a metering tank, a water pump, a slurry mixer and the like, the injection mechanism is communicated with an outlet of the water pump through a connecting pipeline, a switching element is arranged on the connecting pipeline, the communication state of the connecting pipeline can be switched by the switching element, when the switching element is opened, water in the metering tank can be pumped by the inherent water pump of the well cementation equipment and is conveyed to the injection mechanism through the connecting pipeline, so that the injection mechanism can inject water flow to clean the outside of the well cementation equipment, for example, the injection mechanism can be used for cleaning the easily polluted position such as an operation platform of the well cementation equipment.

Description

External cleaning device and well cementation equipment

Technical Field

The utility model relates to the technical field of engineering machinery, in particular to an external cleaning device and well cementation equipment.

Background

In cementing equipment such as a cementing truck, a cementing skid and the like, the operation environment is complex, dirt is easily formed on the equipment due to various reasons, and the equipment is difficult to clean. For example, in a cementing truck, water in a metering pump is conveyed to a slurry mixer through a water pump, the slurry mixer mixes water and cement ash to form cement slurry, then the cement slurry is further uniformly mixed in a tank mixer, and the cement slurry after uniform mixing is pumped out by a large pump. In the working process or maintenance of the well cementation vehicle, cement ash or cement slurry is in risk of splashing everywhere, the well cementation vehicle is not provided with a cleaning device, and is generally cleaned manually by maintenance personnel, and if the cleaning is not timely, the cement ash or cement slurry can be coagulated into blocks, so that the cleaning difficulty is increased.

Disclosure of Invention

The utility model aims to solve the problem of how to facilitate external cleaning of cementing equipment such as a cementing truck to a certain extent.

To solve the above problems at least to a certain extent, a first aspect of the present utility model provides an external cleaning device for a well cementing apparatus, where the well cementing apparatus includes a metering tank, a slurry mixer, and a water pump located between the metering tank and the slurry mixer, the external cleaning device includes a switching element, a connection pipeline, and an injection mechanism, where the injection mechanism is used to communicate with an outlet of the water pump through the connection pipeline, and the switching element is disposed on the connection pipeline.

Optionally, the switching element comprises a manual valve and/or a pneumatic valve; when the switching element includes the manual valve and the pneumatic valve, the manual valve and the pneumatic valve are disposed in series or in parallel.

Optionally, the external cleaning device further comprises a one-way valve and a second valve, an outlet of the one-way valve is communicated with the connecting pipeline, a communication position is located at one end of an outlet of the switch element, and an inlet of the one-way valve is used for being communicated with an air source through the second valve.

Optionally, the switch element is configured to be disposed proximate to the water pump; the switch element comprises a pneumatic valve, the second valve is a duplex electromagnetic air valve, and the duplex electromagnetic air valve is respectively connected with the pneumatic valve and the one-way valve.

Optionally, the injection mechanism comprises a nozzle, the connecting pipeline comprises a first pipe, the first pipe is used for being at least partially arranged around a calibration area of the well cementation equipment, the nozzle is arranged on the first pipe, and the nozzle is used for being arranged towards the calibration area;

and/or the injection mechanism comprises a spray gun, the connecting pipeline comprises a second pipe, the spray gun is used for being connected with the second pipe, and the second pipe is a hose.

Optionally, the spraying mechanism comprises the spray head and the spray gun;

the first pipe and the second pipe are respectively communicated with the switch element;

or, one end of the second pipe is communicated with the switch element, a first quick-inserting interface is arranged at the other end of the second pipe, a second quick-inserting interface is arranged at the inlet of the spray gun and on the first pipe, and the first quick-inserting interface is matched with the second quick-inserting interface.

Optionally, the external cleaning device further comprises a blower, and the blower is arranged at the calibration area.

Optionally, the external cleaning device further comprises a filter, and the filter is arranged at the inlet or the outlet of the switch element;

and/or the external cleaning device further comprises a hose reel, wherein the hose reel is used for being arranged on an operation platform of the well cementation equipment, and the hose reel is used for accommodating the second pipe;

and/or, further comprising a slurry mixing tank, a big pump and an operating platform, wherein the calibration area corresponds to one or more of the slurry mixer, the slurry mixing tank, the big pump and the operating platform of the well cementation equipment.

In a second aspect, the utility model provides a cementing truck comprising a metering tank, a slurry mixer, a water pump positioned between the metering tank and the slurry mixer, and an external cleaning device as described in the first aspect above.

Optionally, a first valve is arranged on a water outlet pipeline of the water pump, an external interface is arranged between the first valve and the water pump, and the external interface is used for being connected with the external cleaning device or the screw plug.

Compared with the prior art, the external cleaning device is used in the well cementation equipment such as a well cementation vehicle provided with the metering tank, the water pump, the slurry mixer and other parts, the injection mechanism is communicated with the outlet of the water pump through the connecting pipeline, the switching element is arranged on the connecting pipeline, the switching element can be used for switching the communication state of the connecting pipeline, when the switching element is opened, the inherent water pump of the well cementation equipment can be used for pumping out the water in the metering tank and conveying the water to the injection mechanism through the connecting pipeline, so that the injection mechanism can inject water flow to clean the outside of the well cementation equipment, for example, the injection mechanism can be used for cleaning the easily dirty positions such as an operation platform of the well cementation equipment, and the external cleaning device utilizes the metering tank of the well cementation equipment to supply water by means of the water pump of the well cementation equipment as a power device, and a water pump and a water tank are not required to be additionally arranged, so that the external cleaning of the well cementation equipment is convenient, the cleaning efficiency is simple, and the practicability is high.

Drawings

FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of the connection of an external cleaning device to a cementing truck in an embodiment of the present utility model;

FIG. 2 is a schematic diagram illustrating the connection of an external cleaning device to a cementing truck according to another embodiment of the present utility model;

FIG. 3 is a schematic top view of a layout of a showerhead in an embodiment of the utility model;

fig. 4 is a schematic structural diagram of the direction a in fig. 3.

Reference numerals illustrate:

1-hose reels; a 2-switching element; 21-a manual valve; 22-pneumatic valve; 3-a spraying mechanism; 31-a spray head; 32-spraying gun; 33-a first quick interface; 34-a second quick interface; 4-connecting pipelines; 41-a first tube; 42-a second tube; 5-a one-way valve; 6-a second valve; 7-calibrating the area; 71-a first calibration area; 72-a second calibration area; 8-a blower; 9-a filter; 10-an external interface; 11-a metering tank; 12-a water suction pipeline; 13-a water pump; 14-a water outlet pipeline; 15-a first valve; 16-air bag; 17-a slurry mixer; 18-a slurry mixing tank; 19-an operating platform.

Detailed Description

In order that the above objects, features and advantages of the utility model will be readily understood, a more particular description of the utility model will be rendered by reference to specific embodiments thereof which are illustrated in the appended drawings.

As shown in fig. 1 and 2, an embodiment of the present utility model provides an external cleaning device, which is used for a well cementing apparatus, the well cementing apparatus includes a metering tank 11, a slurry mixer 17, and a water pump 13 located between the metering tank 11 and the slurry mixer 17, the external cleaning device includes a switching element 2, a connecting pipeline 4, and an injection mechanism 3, the injection mechanism 3 is used for communicating with an outlet of the water pump 13 through the connecting pipeline 4, and the switching element 2 is disposed on the connecting pipeline 4.

The present utility model will be described in the context of an external cleaning device for use with a cementing truck, but it will be appreciated that it may also be used with equipment such as cementing skid, mixing station, etc.

As shown in fig. 1 to 4, in an exemplary cementing truck, a metering tank 11 may be used to meter and store materials (may be one or more), wherein one material is water, a water pump 13 (such as a centrifugal pump) is connected to the metering tank 11 through a water suction pipe 12, the water pump 13 is connected to a slurry mixer 17 through an outlet pipe, a first valve 15, for example, a butterfly valve, is disposed between the water outlet pipe 14 and the slurry mixer 17, the water stored in the metering tank 11 is conveyed to the slurry mixer 17 through the water pump 13, the slurry mixer 17 is used to mix the water conveyed by the water pump 13 with cement powder provided by, for example, a pouring system, the mixed cement slurry enters the slurry mixing tank 18 to be further mixed, and the cement slurry mixed in the slurry mixing tank 18 is pumped by a large pump such as a plunger pump, so as to perform a cementing operation, which may adopt related technologies. At this time, the cementing truck may include an operation platform 19, and the operation platform 19 may be used to install the slurry mixer 17, the slurry tank 18, the large pump, or the like, or may be used to stand and operate the slurry mixer 17, the slurry tank 18, the large pump, or the like. Cement slurry is likely to appear around the mixer 17 and the mixing tank 18.

It should be understood that the connecting line 4 may consist of one or more connecting pipes, which are determined according to specific requirements, as will be exemplified later.

As described above, in the present embodiment, the external cleaning device is used in a cementing facility such as a cementing truck having components such as the measuring tank 11, the water pump 13, and the slurry mixer 17, the injection mechanism 3 communicates with the outlet of the water pump 13 through the connection pipe 4, and the switching element 2 is provided on the connection pipe 4. When the switch element 2 is opened, water in the metering tank 11 can be pumped out by utilizing the inherent water pump 13 of the well cementation equipment and is conveyed to the injection mechanism 3 through the connection pipeline 4, so that the injection mechanism 3 can inject water flow to clean the outside of the well cementation equipment, for example, the injection mechanism 3 can clean the easily polluted positions such as the operation platform 19 of the well cementation equipment, and the external cleaning device utilizes the metering tank 11 of the well cementation equipment to supply water, and utilizes the water pump 13 of the well cementation equipment as a power device without additionally arranging the water pump 13 and a water tank, thereby being convenient for cleaning the outside of the well cementation equipment, having high cleaning efficiency, simple structure and high practicability.

As shown in fig. 1, the switching element 2 comprises a manual valve 21 and/or a pneumatic valve 22; when the switching element 2 includes the manual valve 21 and the air-operated valve 22, the manual valve 21 and the air-operated valve 22 are provided in series (not shown in this scheme), or the manual valve 21 and the air-operated valve 22 are provided in parallel (as in fig. 1).

When placed in series, the manual valve 21 may be placed closer to the water pump 13 than the pneumatic valve 22, the manual valve 21 may be normally open, the pneumatic valve 22 may be normally closed, maintenance may be performed by closing the manual valve 21 if necessary, and the pneumatic valve 22 may be controlled by remote manual or automated control (e.g., controlling the opening or closing of the pneumatic valve 22 in a central control room), which is not described in detail herein.

When the manual valve 21 and the pneumatic valve 22 are normally closed in parallel connection, the manual valve 21 can be opened to finish cleaning when the pneumatic valve 22 cannot be normally opened due to failure. Of course, in some embodiments, another normally open manual valve 21 may be provided on the branch on which the pneumatic valve 22 is located. The present specification and drawings will be described with the parallel connection as an example.

As shown in fig. 1, the external cleaning device further comprises a one-way valve 5 and a second valve 6, wherein an outlet of the one-way valve 5 is communicated with the connecting pipeline 4, the communicating position is positioned at one end of an outlet of the switching element 2, and an inlet of the one-way valve 5 is used for communicating with an air source through the second valve 6.

Specifically, the air source can be an air source equipped with an external cleaning device, and also can be an air source of the cementing equipment, for example, the air source can be an air bag 16 of the cementing equipment, and in the cementing truck, the air source can be an air bag 16 of a chassis part of the vehicle.

In this embodiment, the communication position between the outlet of the check valve 5 and the connection pipeline 4 is located at one end of the outlet of the switch element 2, for example, near the outlet of the switch element 2, after cleaning, the switch element 2 may be closed to block the outlet of the water pump 13, then the second valve 6 is opened, the gas in the gas source flows through the second valve 6, the check valve 5 and the connection pipeline 4 in sequence, and finally is sprayed out through the spraying mechanism 3, in this process, the residual water in the connection pipeline 4 is rapidly discharged, so as to avoid icing under the low temperature condition, reduce the probability of damage or abnormal use of the connection pipeline 4 due to icing, and improve the applicability of the external cleaning device under the low temperature condition.

It should be noted that, the working condition environment of the well cementing equipment such as the well cementing vehicle is worse, and a low-temperature working condition exists, at this time, after the external cleaning device is used for cleaning, the residual water in the connecting pipeline 4 is easy to freeze, and the connecting pipeline 4 may be broken or used.

Further, the switching element 2 is arranged close to the water pump 13.

It will be appreciated by those skilled in the art that the proximity does not represent a direct connection of the inlet of the switching element to the outlet of the water pump 13, and that the distance from the switching element 2 to the outlet of the water pump 13 is typically less than the distance from the switching element 2 to the water side, e.g. the ratio of the two is less than 1:10,1:20,1:30, etc. Therefore, the residual quantity of water in the external cleaning device can be reduced as much as possible.

As shown in fig. 1, further, the switching element 2 comprises a pneumatic valve 22, and the second valve 6 is a double electromagnetic valve, which is connected to the pneumatic valve 22 and the one-way valve 5, respectively.

Specifically, the opening or closing of the dual solenoid valve (typically a dual two-position two-way solenoid valve) may control the opening or closing of the pneumatic valve 22, which may be subsequently manually solenoid controlled or automatically controlled at the control center.

At this time, the electrical control method of the external cleaning device is exemplarily described with reference to fig. 1: the water pump 13 enters a set working rotation speed, the second linkage of the double electromagnetic air valve is in a power-off state, the first linkage of the double electromagnetic air valve is powered on, high-pressure air output by the air bag 16 enters the pneumatic valve 22, the pneumatic valve 22 is opened, and high-pressure water of the water pump 13 flows to the injection mechanism 3 such as each spray head 31 through the pneumatic valve 22 and the connecting pipeline 4; after the cleaning is finished, for example, after a set cleaning time, the water pump 13 stops working, the first power supply of the duplex electromagnetic valve is lost, meanwhile, the second power supply is obtained, high-pressure air of the air bag 16 enters the connecting pipeline 4 through the duplex electromagnetic valve and the one-way valve 5, and water remained in the connecting pipeline 4 is rapidly discharged from the spray head 31; after the set time, the second linkage of the double electromagnetic air valve is powered off.

Therefore, the pneumatic control operation for the cleaning action and the residual water draining action can be realized, and the pneumatic control device is simple in structure and high in practicability.

As shown in fig. 1, the injection mechanism 3 comprises a spray head 31, the connecting line 4 comprises a first tube 41, the first tube 41 is arranged at least partially around the calibration area 7 of the cementing apparatus, the spray head 31 is arranged on the first tube 41, and the spray head 31 is arranged towards the calibration area 7 (case one).

Specifically, the calibration area 7 is an area on the cementing equipment, which needs to be cleaned, or is easy to be stained, particularly in a cementing truck, and can be arranged in an area easy to be stained with cement slurry, and specifically, the calibration area 7 can be arranged corresponding to one or more of a slurry mixer 17, a slurry mixing tank 18, a large pump and an operation platform 19.

In view of the problem of cleaning cost, the water consumption can be reduced by providing the shower head 31 only to one or more of the partial area where the operation platform 19 is easily contaminated with the cement slurry, the partial area where the slurry mixer 17 is easily contaminated with the cement slurry, the partial area where the slurry mixing tank 18 is easily contaminated with the cement slurry, and the partial area where the large pump is easily contaminated with the cement slurry.

As shown in fig. 1 and 4, the calibration area 7 includes a first calibration area 71 and a second calibration area 72, the first calibration area 71 is disposed corresponding to the slurry mixer 17, the second calibration area 72 is disposed corresponding to the slurry tank 18, and the first pipes 41 disposed corresponding to the first calibration area 71 and the second calibration area 72 may be disposed in communication or may not be disposed in communication with each other, which is not limiting. The number of the spray heads 31 on the first pipe 41 may be set to be plural as needed, and the model and the spray direction of each spray head 31 may be different.

Illustratively, as shown in fig. 3 and 4, a circle of the first pipe 41 may be disposed in the circumferential direction of the operation platform 19, a circle of the first pipe 41 may be disposed near the upper end of the mixing tank 18, and two parts of the first pipe 41 may be disposed to communicate.

As shown in fig. 1, in the second aspect of the present utility model, the injection mechanism 3 includes the injection gun 32, and the connection line 4 includes the second pipe 42, and the injection gun 32 is connected to the second pipe 42 (typically connected to an end of the second pipe 42 remote from the water pump 13), and the second pipe 42 is a hose.

At this time, the external cleaning device may further include a hose reel 1, and the second tube 42 is accommodated in the hose reel 1. The second pipe 42 is convenient to retract and release, and the convenience and safety of use are high.

In this way, the cleaning operation can be performed by holding the spray gun 32 in hand, and the cleaning can be performed at a specific position as required.

Of course, as shown in fig. 1, in some embodiments, the spray mechanism 3 includes both the spray gun 32 and the spray head 31 (case three).

In this embodiment, the spray head 31 may clean a position easy to be stained, and the spray gun 32 may clean a position with poor cleaning effect after cleaning the spray head 31 or a position which cannot be covered by the spray head 31, so that the coverage of the external cleaning device may be increased, the water utilization efficiency may be improved, and the usability of the external cleaning device may be improved.

As shown in fig. 1, in case three, the first pipe 41 and the second pipe 42 may be respectively communicated with the switching element 2.

That is, the end of the second tube 42 remote from the spray gun 32 is connected to the outlet of the switching element 2, and the end of the first tube 41 remote from the spray head 31 is connected to the outlet of the switching element 2.

At this time, when the spray head 31 is operated, the spray gun 32 may be operated, and the ends of the first pipe 41 and the second pipe 42 remote from the switching element 2 may be provided with valves so that only one of them may be operated as needed. For example, the spray head 31 may be a spray head 31 with a valve.

As shown in fig. 2, in the third case, one end of the second tube 42 is connected to the switch element 2, the other end of the second tube 42 is provided with a first quick connector 33, the inlet of the spray gun 32 and the first tube 41 are both provided with a second quick connector 34, and the first quick connector 33 is adapted to the second quick connector 34.

That is, the first tube 41 is arranged only in the calibration area 7, which is not directly connected to the switching element 2. By replacing the second quick connector 34 connected to the first quick connector 33, the two cleaning modes of the spray gun 32 and the spray head 31 can be switched. The overall length of the connecting pipe 4 can be reduced, and at this time, when the shower head 31 is correspondingly provided in a plurality of areas, the correspondingly provided first pipes 41 between the areas may not communicate with each other, so that the pipe length can be reduced, and the water consumption can be saved to some extent.

The first and second quick interfaces 33 and 34 may employ related quick connect techniques, which are not described in detail herein.

At this time, in the case where the check valve 5 and the second valve 6 are provided, when the residual water needs to be drained, the spray gun 32 may be switched to, and then the spray gun 32 is aligned with the water inlet of the metering tank 11, and then the second valve 6 is opened to collect the residual water in the second pipe 42 to the metering tank 11, thereby saving water.

As shown in fig. 1, the external cleaning device optionally further comprises a blower 8, wherein the blower 8 is arranged at the calibration area 7.

The blower 8 may be an electric blower 8 which is driven by a power source of the cementing equipment, or may be driven by mechanical power. The blower 8 is typically equipped with heating wires.

Therefore, after the cleaning function is finished, the cleaned calibration area 7 can be blown by the blower 8, residual water in the calibration area 7 is dried, and slipping, secondary pollution, freezing under a low-temperature working condition and the like are avoided.

As shown in fig. 1, the external cleaning device may further include a filter 9, where the filter 9 is disposed at an inlet or an outlet of the switching element 2. The filter 9 can filter the flowing water to improve the service life of the spray gun 32 or the spray head 31.

A further embodiment of the present utility model provides a well cementing apparatus comprising a metering tank 11, a slurry mixer 17, a water pump 13 positioned between the metering tank 11 and the slurry mixer 17, and an external cleaning device as in the previous embodiment.

The well cementation equipment can be a well cementation vehicle or a well cementation skid, and the like, and one water inlet end of the external cleaning device is used for being connected with an outlet of the water pump 13. In this case, the cementing equipment may also include other components such as a mixing tank 18, a large pump, an operating platform 19, and a gas bag 16, etc., which will not be described in detail herein.

Optionally, a first valve 15 is arranged on the water outlet pipeline 14 of the water pump 13, and an external connection port 10 is arranged between the first valve 15 and the water pump 13, and the external connection port 10 is used for being connected with an external cleaning device or a screw plug.

At this time, by closing the first valve 15, the water supply to the slurry mixer 17 can be stopped, and by closing the switching element 2, the water supply to the injection mechanism 3 can be stopped, and when the external cleaning device and the external connection port 10 are in a detached state, the external connection port 10 can be plugged by the screw plug, so that the well cementing equipment can be continuously used.

In the description of the present utility model, it should be noted that, unless explicitly specified and limited otherwise, the terms "mounted," "connected," and "connected" are to be construed broadly, and may be either fixedly connected, detachably connected, or integrally connected, for example; can be directly connected or indirectly connected through an intermediate medium. The specific meaning of the above terms in the present utility model will be understood in specific cases by those of ordinary skill in the art.

In the description of the present specification, descriptions of the terms "embodiment," "one embodiment," "some embodiments," "illustratively," and "one embodiment" and the like mean that a particular feature, structure, material, or characteristic described in connection with the embodiment or embodiment is included in at least one embodiment or implementation of the present utility model. In this specification, schematic representations of the above terms do not necessarily refer to the same examples or implementations. Furthermore, the particular features, structures, materials, or characteristics may be combined in any suitable manner in any one or more embodiments or implementations.

The terms "first," "second," and the like are used for descriptive purposes only and are not to be construed as indicating or implying relative importance or implicitly indicating the number of technical features indicated. As such, a feature defining "a first" or "a second" may explicitly or implicitly include at least one such feature.

Although the present disclosure is described above, the scope of protection of the present disclosure is not limited thereto. Various changes and modifications may be made by one skilled in the art without departing from the spirit and scope of the disclosure, and these changes and modifications will fall within the scope of the utility model.

Claims (10)

1. An external cleaning device is used for well cementation equipment and comprises a metering tank (11), a slurry mixer (17) and a water pump (13) positioned between the metering tank (11) and the slurry mixer (17), and is characterized in that the external cleaning device comprises a switching element (2), a connecting pipeline (4) and a spraying mechanism (3), the water pump (13) is connected with the slurry mixer (17) through a water outlet pipeline (14), a first valve (15) is arranged on the water outlet pipeline (14), and an external interface (10) is arranged between the first valve (15) and the water pump (13);

the spraying mechanism (3) is used for being connected with the external connection interface (10) through the connecting pipeline (4) so as to realize the outlet communication with the water pump (13), and the switching element (2) is arranged on the connecting pipeline (4).

2. An external cleaning device according to claim 1, wherein the switching element (2) comprises a manual valve (21) and/or a pneumatic valve (22); when the switching element (2) includes the manual valve (21) and the pneumatic valve (22), the manual valve (21) and the pneumatic valve (22) are disposed in series or in parallel.

3. An external cleaning device according to claim 1, further comprising a one-way valve (5) and a second valve (6), wherein the outlet of the one-way valve (5) is in communication with the connecting line (4) and the communication position is located at one end of the outlet of the switching element (2), and the inlet of the one-way valve (5) is used for communication with a gas source through the second valve (6).

4. An external cleaning device according to claim 3, characterized in that the switching element (2) is arranged close to the water pump (13); the switch element (2) comprises a pneumatic valve (22), and the second valve (6) is a double electromagnetic air valve which is respectively connected with the pneumatic valve (22) and the one-way valve (5).

5. An external cleaning device according to claim 1, wherein the injection means (3) comprises a nozzle (31), the connecting line (4) comprising a first tube (41), the first tube (41) being arranged to at least partially surround a calibration area (7) of the cementing equipment, the nozzle (31) being arranged on the first tube (41), the nozzle (31) being arranged to be oriented towards the calibration area (7);

and/or the injection mechanism (3) comprises a spray gun (32), the connecting pipeline (4) comprises a second pipe (42), the spray gun (32) is used for being connected to the second pipe (42), and the second pipe (42) is a hose.

6. An external cleaning device according to claim 5, wherein the spraying mechanism (3) comprises the spray head (31) and the spray gun (32);

the first tube (41) and the second tube (42) are respectively communicated with the switching element (2);

or, one end of the second pipe (42) is communicated with the switch element (2), a first quick-inserting interface (33) is arranged at the other end of the second pipe (42), a second quick-inserting interface (34) is arranged at the inlet of the spray gun (32) and on the first pipe (41), and the first quick-inserting interface (33) is matched with the second quick-inserting interface (34).

7. The external cleaning device according to claim 6, further comprising a blower (8), the blower (8) being arranged at the calibration area (7).

8. The external cleaning device according to claim 6, further comprising a filter (9), the filter (9) being arranged at an inlet or outlet of the switching element (2);

and/or the external cleaning device further comprises a hose reel (1), wherein the hose reel (1) is used for being arranged on an operation platform (19) of the well cementation equipment, and the hose reel (1) is used for accommodating the second pipe (42);

and/or the calibration area (7) is arranged corresponding to one or more of the mixer (17), mixing tank (18), pump and operating platform (19) of the well cementing equipment.

9. A well cementing apparatus comprising a metering tank (11), a slurry mixer (17), a water pump (13) located between the metering tank (11) and the slurry mixer (17), and an external cleaning device according to any one of claims 1 to 8.

10. A well cementing equipment according to claim 9, characterized in that a first valve (15) is arranged on the water outlet pipeline (14) of the water pump (13), and an external connection interface (10) is arranged between the first valve (15) and the water pump (13), the external connection interface (10) being used for connection with the external cleaning device or plug screw.

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