CN219247846U - Multi-beam coaxial transmission device for free space optical communication - Google Patents
Multi-beam coaxial transmission device for free space optical communication Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
The utility model discloses a multi-beam coaxial transmission device for free space optical communication, which relates to the field of optical communication devices and comprises an optical processing module, a multi-cladding optical fiber and a telescope system, wherein two ends of the multi-cladding optical fiber are respectively connected with the optical processing module and the telescope system; the light processing module is used for modulating the transmitted signal light, demodulating the received signal light and sending out the transmitted beacon light; the telescope system corrects the coupling site of the received signal light by using the received beacon light; after light is transmitted by the multi-cladding optical fiber, preset coaxial transmission can be still kept, and the relative positions of the light and the multi-cladding optical fiber are kept unchanged all the time; when the tracking is adjusted, two optical communication devices which are communicated with each other are more easily located in the coverage range of the emitted beacon light, and the tracking efficiency is higher. Because the cladding is large in the coupling area of the end face of the optical fiber, the light spots shake in the coupling area and do not shake out of the coupling area, so that the co-fiber transmission of the received signal light and the transmitted signal light is realized, and the coupling efficiency is ensured.
Description
Technical Field
The utility model relates to the field of optical communication devices, in particular to a multi-beam coaxial transmission device for free space optical communication.
Background
In free space, when two optical communication devices perform tracking communication, the optical communication devices transmit signal light and beacon light to another optical communication device and receive the signal light and the beacon light transmitted by the other optical communication device, and as the three types of light have different requirements on optical fibers, the optical communication devices generally adopt a plurality of optical fibers for multi-optical-path transmission.
In the process of tracking communication, in order to reduce diffraction loss of the emitted signal light in free space, a small-diameter single-mode fiber is generally adopted in an optical communication device to transmit the signal light; in addition, in order to ensure that another optical communication apparatus can receive the signal light and couple the signal light into the optical fiber, it is necessary to transmit a beacon light coaxial with the signal light to assist the signal light to couple into the optical fiber while transmitting the signal light. At present, a spatial light path is generally adopted to realize the co-axial transmission of signal light and beacon light; the position deviation of each device in the space light path directly influences the relative position relation when the signal light and the beacon light are transmitted coaxially; in addition, when the optical communication device works, vibration, pressure change and temperature and humidity change are often accompanied, and the preset position of each device in the space optical path is deviated, even if the position is slightly deviated, the relative position relation between the beacon light and the signal light is changed, even after the other optical communication device receives the beacon light, the beacon light cannot play an auxiliary role, and the signal light cannot be coupled into the optical fiber. In addition, the divergence angle of the beacon light also affects the efficiency of tracking.
The optical communication device transmits signal light by using a single-mode optical fiber. Because wavefront distortion exists in the propagation of light in free space, the malformation of light spots which directly lead to the focusing of the light is caused, and the malformation of light spots leads to the inefficiency of coupling the received signal light into a single-mode fiber; in addition, free space beams also have beam jitter, and focused spots of light jitter on the fiber end face, resulting in intermittent light spot departure from the coupling region, which also results in inefficient coupling of received signal light into single mode fiber. Therefore, in the optical communication device, the reception signal light and the transmission signal light are not transmitted by the same optical fiber. In order to realize the transmission of the received signal light and the transmitted signal light with the optical fiber in the optical communication device, the self-adaptive optics can be solved, but the self-adaptive optics can increase the complexity, the manufacturing difficulty and the cost of the whole structure.
Disclosure of Invention
The utility model provides a multi-beam coaxial transmission device for free space optical communication, which solves the problems of low signal optical coupling efficiency and low tracking efficiency existing in the prior optical communication device when optical transmission is carried out.
In order to solve the problems, the utility model provides the following technical scheme:
the multi-beam coaxial transmission device for free space optical communication comprises an optical processing module, a multi-cladding optical fiber and a telescope system, wherein two ends of the multi-cladding optical fiber are respectively connected with the optical processing module and the telescope system;
the light processing module is used for modulating the transmitted signal light, demodulating the received signal light and sending out the transmitted beacon light;
the telescope system is used for receiving the received signal light and the received beacon light in the free space and respectively emitting the transmitted signal light and the transmitted beacon light to the free space; the telescope system corrects the coupling site of the received signal light by using the received beacon light; the coupling sites are positioned on the end face of the multi-clad optical fiber;
the multi-cladding optical fiber is double-cladding optical fiber or three-cladding optical fiber.
Preferably, the optical processing module comprises a signal light modulator, a signal light demodulator, a beacon light laser and a beam combiner; the signal light modulator, the signal light demodulator and the beacon light laser are all connected with the beam combiner; the beam combiner is connected with one end of the double-cladding optical fiber.
Preferably, the beam combiner comprises a tapered optical fiber and a three-port circulator, wherein the tapered optical fiber comprises a first beam splitting interface, a second beam splitting interface and a beam combining interface, and the beam combining interface is connected with one end of the multi-cladding optical fiber; the circulator comprises a first interface, a second interface and a third interface which are sequentially distributed according to the circumference; the first interface of the circulator is connected with the signal light modulator, the second interface is connected with the first beam splitting interface, the first beam splitting interface is coupled with the core layer of the multi-clad optical fiber through the beam combining interface, and the third interface is connected with the signal light demodulator; the beacon light laser is connected with a second beam splitting interface, and the second beam splitting interface is coupled with the cladding of the multi-cladding optical fiber through a beam combining interface.
Preferably, the telescope system includes a piezoelectric deflection mirror, a dichroic mirror, a first lens, a second lens, and a CMOS sensor, a mirror surface of the piezoelectric deflection mirror reflecting the reception signal light and the reception beacon light to the dichroic mirror; the received beacon light is reflected to the first lens by the dichroic mirror, and the received beacon light is focused on the CMOS sensor through the first lens; the received signal light passes through the dichroic mirror to the second lens, and is focused on the end face of the multi-clad fiber by the second lens.
Preferably, the double-clad optical fiber is composed of a core layer and an inner cladding layer.
Preferably, the three-clad optical fiber comprises a core layer, an inner cladding layer and an outer cladding layer which are coated outside the core layer by layer from inside to outside.
Preferably, the transmitting signal light is coupled into the core layer only for transmission, the transmitting beacon light is coupled into the core layer and the inner cladding layer for transmission, and the receiving signal light is coupled into the core layer, the inner cladding layer and the outer cladding layer for transmission.
Preferably, the transmitting signal light is coupled into the core layer only for transmission, the receiving signal light is coupled into the core layer and the inner cladding layer for transmission, and the transmitting beacon light is coupled into the core layer, the inner cladding layer and the outer cladding layer for transmission.
The utility model has the advantages that:
in the application, the light processing module couples the emission signal light and the emission beacon light into the multi-clad optical fiber, and after the emission signal light and the emission beacon light which enter the free space are transmitted through the optical fiber, the emission signal light and the emission beacon light can be coaxially transmitted, and a stable relative position relation is kept between the emission signal light and the emission beacon light; in addition, when the light processing module is affected by environmental factors such as vibration, pressure change, temperature and humidity change and the like, even if devices of the light processing module are slightly deviated, the relative positions of the emitted signal light and the emitted signal light can still be kept unchanged as long as the emitted signal light and the emitted beacon light are coupled into the multi-clad optical fiber and transmitted by the multi-clad optical fiber, and the emitted beacon light and the emitted signal light entering the free space can still keep preset coaxial transmission;
the divergence angle of the light output by the optical fiber core is positively correlated with the mode field diameter of the optical fiber core, and the size of the optical fiber core is positively correlated with the mode field diameter of the optical fiber core, so that when the emitted beacon light is transmitted through the cladding of the multi-cladding optical fiber, the divergence angle of the emitted beacon light output by the cladding of the multi-cladding optical fiber is large, the coverage angle range of the emitted beacon light in free space is larger, and when the tracking adjustment is carried out, two optical communication devices which are communicated with each other are easier to be in the coverage range of the emitted beacon light, and the tracking efficiency is also higher.
When the received signal light is coupled to the multi-clad optical fiber, the coupling to the clad can be selected, and due to the large diameter of the clad, the coupling area of the clad on the end face of the optical fiber is large, the malformed light spot of the received signal light after focusing can completely fall on the coupling area, in addition, the light beam jitter causes the light spot jitter formed on the end face of the optical fiber, but the clad is large in the coupling area of the end face of the optical fiber, the light spot jitter in the coupling area, and the light spot can not shake out of the coupling area, thereby realizing the co-fiber transmission of the received signal light and the emitted signal light, and ensuring the coupling efficiency.
Drawings
In order to more clearly illustrate the technical solutions of the present application, the drawings that are needed in the embodiments will be briefly described below, and it will be obvious to those skilled in the art that other drawings can be obtained from these drawings without inventive effort.
Fig. 1 is a schematic diagram of an optical communication tracking device according to embodiment 1.
Fig. 2 is a schematic diagram of an optical communication tracking device according to embodiment 2.
Fig. 3 is a schematic diagram of an optical communication tracking device according to embodiment 3.
Fig. 4 is a schematic diagram of an optical communication tracking device according to embodiment 4.
Fig. 5 is a schematic diagram of an optical communication tracking device according to embodiment 5.
FIG. 6 is a schematic representation of divergent propagation of light through the cladding and core of a double-clad fiber.
FIG. 7 is a schematic representation of the divergent propagation of light through the inner cladding, outer cladding and core of a tri-clad fiber.
FIG. 8 is a schematic diagram of coupling light into a multi-clad fiber in a telescopic system.
Fig. 9 is a schematic diagram of signal light and beacon light propagating in free space.
Fig. 10 is a schematic diagram of the transmitted light of a double-clad fiber.
Fig. 11 is a schematic diagram of the transmitted light of a triple-clad optical fiber.
The device comprises a 1-light processing module, a 11-signal light modulator, a 12-beacon light laser, a 13-signal light demodulator, a 14-beam combiner, a 141-circulator, a 1411-first interface, a 1412-second interface, a 1413-third interface, a 142-tapering optical fiber, a 1421-first beam splitting interface, a 1422-second beam splitting interface, a 1423-beam combining interface, a 2-multi-clad optical fiber, a 21-core layer, a 22-inner cladding layer, a 23-outer cladding layer, a 3-telescope system, a 31-piezoelectric deflection mirror, a 32-mirror surface, a 33-dichroic mirror, a 34-first lens, a 35-second lens, a 36-CMOS sensor, a 91-emitted signal light, a 92-emitted beacon light, a 93-received signal light and 94-received beacon light.
Detailed Description
The utility model is further described in connection with the following detailed description, in order to make the technical means, the creation characteristics, the achievement of the purpose and the effect of the utility model easy to understand.
Example 1
In the optical communication tracking device of this embodiment, the multi-clad optical fiber 2 adopts a double-clad optical fiber, and both the core layer 21 and the cladding layer of the multi-clad optical fiber 2 can be used as optical transmission channels. The device comprises an optical processing module 1, a multi-cladding optical fiber 2 and a telescope system 3; the multi-clad optical fiber 2 includes a core layer 21 and an inner cladding layer 22; the optical processing module 1 comprises a signal light modulator 11, a beacon light laser 12, a signal light demodulator 13 and a beam combiner 14, wherein the beam combiner 14 can be composed of a tapered optical fiber 142 and a three-port circulator 141, the tapered optical fiber 142 comprises a first beam splitting interface 1421, a second beam splitting interface 1422 and a beam combining interface 1423, and the beam combining interface 1423 is connected with one end of the multi-cladding optical fiber 2; the circulator 141 comprises a first interface 1411, a second interface 1412 and a third interface 1413 which are distributed in turn according to the circumference; the first interface 1411 of the circulator 141 is connected to the signal light modulator 11, the second interface 1412 is connected to the first beam splitting interface 1421, the first beam splitting interface 1421 is coupled to the core layer 21 of the multi-clad optical fiber 2 through the beam combining interface 1423, and the third interface 1413 is connected to the signal light demodulator 13; the beacon light laser 12 is connected to a second beam splitting interface 1422, and the second beam splitting interface 1422 is coupled to the inner cladding 22 of the multi-clad optical fiber 2 through a beam combining interface 1423; the telescope system 3 is connected to the other end of the multi-clad fiber 2.
As shown in fig. 1, the signal light modulator 11 modulates the signal light 91 carrying information, and the signal light 91 enters the circulator 141 from the first interface 1411, then exits from the second interface 1412, enters the tapered optical fiber 142 from the first beam splitting interface 1421, and then is coupled into the core layer 21 of the multi-clad optical fiber 2 from the beam combining interface 1423; the beacon light laser 12 is made to emit beacon light 92, and the emitted beacon light 92 enters the tapered optical fiber 142 from the second beam splitting interface 1422 and is coupled into the inner cladding 22 of the multi-cladding optical fiber 2 from the beam combining interface 1423; the transmission signal light 91 and the transmission beacon light 92 are transmitted from one end to the other end of the double-clad optical fiber, so that the co-axial transmission of the transmission signal light 91 and the transmission beacon light 92 is realized; the emission signal light 91 and the emission beacon light 92 are emitted into the telescope system 3 from the other end of the double-clad optical fiber, and the telescope system 3 collimates and expands the emission signal light 91 and the emission beacon light 92 and emits the collimated emission signal light and the emission beacon light 92 into free space;
meanwhile, in the telescope system 3, the telescope system 3 receives the coaxial received signal light 93 and the received beacon light 94 emitted to the free space by the other optical communication device, and after the received signal light 93 and the received beacon light 94 are converged by the telescope system 3, the received signal light 93 is focused and coupled into the core layer 21 of the multi-clad optical fiber 2 by taking the received beacon light 94 as a reference; the received signal light 93 enters through the multi-clad optical fiber 2 from the beam combining interface 1423, is output from the first beam splitting interface 1421, enters the circulator 141 from the second interface 1412, and is transmitted to the signal light demodulator 13 from the third interface 1413 of the circulator 141 for demodulation.
Example 2
The multi-clad optical fiber 2 in the optical communication tracking device of the embodiment adopts double-clad optical fibers, and the device comprises an optical processing module 1, the multi-clad optical fiber 2 and a telescope system 3; the multi-clad optical fiber 2 includes a core layer 21 and an inner cladding layer 22; the optical processing module 1 comprises a signal light modulator 11, a beacon light laser 12, a signal light demodulator 13 and a beam combiner 14, wherein the beam combiner 14 can be composed of a tapered optical fiber 142 and a three-port circulator 141, the tapered optical fiber 142 comprises a first beam splitting interface 1421, a second beam splitting interface 1422 and a beam combining interface 1423, and the beam combining interface 1423 is connected with one end of the multi-cladding optical fiber 2; the circulator 141 comprises a first interface 1411, a second interface 1412 and a third interface 1413 which are distributed in turn according to the circumference; the first interface 1411 of the circulator 141 is connected with the beacon light laser 12, the second interface 1412 is connected with the second beam splitting interface 1422, the second beam splitting interface 1422 is coupled with the inner cladding 22 of the multi-cladding optical fiber 2 through the beam combining interface 1423, and the third interface 1413 is connected with the signal light demodulator 13; the signal light modulator 11 is connected to a first beam splitting interface 1421, and the first beam splitting interface 1421 is coupled to the core layer 21 of the multi-clad optical fiber 2 through a beam combining interface 1423; the telescope system 3 is connected to the other end of the multi-clad fiber 2.
As shown in fig. 2, the signal light modulator 11 modulates the transmitted signal light 91 carrying information, and the transmitted signal light 91 enters the tapered optical fiber 142 through the first beam splitting interface 1421, and then is emitted through the beam combining interface 1423 and coupled into the core layer 21 of the multi-clad optical fiber 2; the beacon light laser 12 is made into emitted beacon light 92, the emitted beacon light 92 enters the circulator 141 through the first interface 1411, is emitted through the second interface 1412, enters the tapered optical fiber 142 through the second beam splitting interface 1422, is emitted through the beam combining interface 1423 and is coupled into the inner cladding 22 of the multi-cladding optical fiber 2; the transmission signal light 91 and the transmission beacon light 92 are transmitted from one end to the other end of the double-clad optical fiber, so that the transmission signal light 91 and the transmission beacon light 92 can be transmitted coaxially in the same direction; the emission signal light 91 and the emission beacon light 92 are emitted into the telescope system 3 from the other end of the double-clad optical fiber, and the telescope system 3 collimates and expands the emission signal light 91 and the emission beacon light 92 and emits the collimated emission signal light and the emission beacon light 92 into free space;
meanwhile, the telescope system 3 receives the received signal light 93 and the received beacon light 94 emitted to the free space by the other optical communication device, and after the received signal light 93 and the received beacon light 94 are converged, the received signal light 93 is focused and coupled into the inner cladding 22 of the multi-cladding optical fiber 2 by taking the received beacon light 94 as a reference; the received signal light 93 is transmitted through the multi-clad optical fiber 2, enters the tapered optical fiber 142 through the beam combination interface 1423, is emitted through the first beam splitting interface 1421, enters the circulator 141 through the second interface 1412, and is transmitted to the signal light demodulator 13 through the third interface 1413 for demodulation.
Example 3
The multi-clad optical fiber 2 in the optical communication tracking device of the embodiment adopts double-clad optical fibers, and the device comprises an optical processing module 1, the multi-clad optical fiber 2 and a telescope system 3; the multi-clad optical fiber 2 includes a core layer 21 and an inner cladding layer 22; the optical processing module 1 comprises a signal light modulator 11, a beacon light laser 12, a signal light demodulator 13 and a beam combiner 14, wherein the beam combiner 14 adopts a tapered optical fiber 142, the tapered optical fiber 142 comprises a first beam splitting interface 1421, a second beam splitting interface 1422, a third beam splitting interface and a beam combining interface 1423, the beam combining interface 1423 is connected with one end of the multi-clad optical fiber 2, the first beam splitting interface 1421 and the third beam splitting interface are both coupled with the core layer 21 through the beam combining interface 1423, and the second beam splitting interface 1422 is coupled with the inner cladding 22 through the beam combining interface 1423; in the optical processing module 1, a signal optical modulator 11 is connected to a first beam splitting interface 1421, a beacon optical laser 12 is connected to a third beam splitting interface, and a signal optical demodulator 13 is connected to a second beam splitting interface 1422; the telescope system 3 is connected to the other end of the multi-clad fiber 2.
As shown in fig. 3, the signal light modulator 11 modulates the signal light 91 to be transmitted, the signal light 91 enters the tapered optical fiber 142 through the first beam splitting interface 1421, and then is emitted through the beam combining interface 1423 and coupled into the core layer 21 of the multi-clad optical fiber 2; the beacon light laser 12 is made into emitted beacon light 92, and the emitted beacon light 92 enters the tapered optical fiber 142 through the third beam splitting interface, and is emitted through the beam combining interface 1423 and coupled into the core layer 21 of the multi-cladding optical fiber 2; the transmission signal light 91 and the transmission beacon light 92 are transmitted from one end to the other end of the double-clad optical fiber, and the double-clad optical fiber realizes the coaxiality of the transmission signal light 91 and the transmission beacon light 92; the emission signal light 91 and the emission beacon light 92 are emitted into the telescope system 3 from the port of the multi-clad optical fiber 2, and the telescope system 3 collimates and expands the emission signal light 91 and the emission beacon light 92 and emits the collimated emission signal light and the emission beacon light 92 into free space;
the telescope system 3 receives the received signal light 93 and the received beacon light 94 emitted from the other optical communication device into the free space, the received signal light 93 and the received beacon light 94 are converged by the telescope system 3, and the received signal light 93 is focused and coupled into the inner cladding 22 of the multi-clad optical fiber 2 with the received beacon light 94 as a reference; the received signal light 93 is transmitted through the multi-clad optical fiber 2, enters the tapered optical fiber 142 through the beam combining interface 1423, and is transmitted to the signal light demodulator 13 through the second beam splitting interface 1422 for demodulation.
Example 4
The multi-clad optical fiber 2 in the optical communication tracking device of the embodiment adopts a tri-clad optical fiber, and the device comprises an optical processing module 1, the tri-clad optical fiber and a telescope system 3; the triple-clad optical fiber includes a core layer 21, an inner cladding layer 22, and an outer cladding layer 23; the optical processing module 1 comprises a signal light modulator 11, a beacon light laser 12, a signal light demodulator 13 and a beam combiner 14, wherein the beam combiner 14 adopts a tapered optical fiber 142, the tapered optical fiber 142 comprises a first beam splitting interface 1421, a second beam splitting interface 1422, a third beam splitting interface and a beam combining interface 1423, the beam combining interface 1423 is connected with one end of the multi-clad optical fiber 2, the first beam splitting interface 1421 is coupled with the core layer 21 through the beam combining interface 1423, the second beam splitting interface 1422 is coupled with the inner cladding layer 22 through the beam combining interface 1423, and the third beam splitting interface is coupled with the outer cladding layer 23 through the beam combining interface 1423; in the optical processing module 1, a signal optical modulator 11 is connected to a first beam splitting interface 1421, a beacon optical laser 12 is connected to a second beam splitting interface 1422, and a signal optical demodulator 13 is connected to a third beam splitting interface; the telescope system 3 is connected to the other end of the multi-clad fiber 2.
As shown in fig. 4, the signal light modulator 11 modulates the signal light 91 to be transmitted, the signal light 91 enters the tapered optical fiber 142 through the first beam splitting interface 1421, and then is emitted through the beam combining interface 1423 and coupled into the core layer 21 of the three-clad optical fiber; the beacon light laser 12 is made into emitted beacon light 92, and the emitted beacon light 92 enters the tapered optical fiber 142 through the second beam splitting interface 1422, and is emitted through the beam combining interface 1423 and coupled into the inner cladding 22 of the three-cladding optical fiber; the transmission signal light 91 and the transmission beacon light 92 are transmitted from one end to the other end of the three-clad optical fiber, so that the coaxial transmission signal light 91 and the transmission beacon light 92 can be realized; the transmitted signal light 91 and the transmitted beacon light 92 are transmitted into the telescope system 3 from the other end of the triclad optical fiber, and the transmitted signal light 91 and the transmitted beacon light 92 are collimated, expanded and transmitted into free space by the telescope system 3;
meanwhile, the telescope system 3 receives the received signal light 93 and the received beacon light 94 emitted to the free space by the other optical communication device, and after the received signal light 93 and the received beacon light 94 are converged by the telescope system 3, the focused received signal light 93 is guided to be coupled into the outer cladding layer 23 of the tri-cladding optical fiber by taking the received beacon light 94 as a reference; the received signal light 93 is transmitted through the three-clad optical fiber, enters the tapered optical fiber 142 through the beam combining interface 1423, and is transmitted to the signal light demodulator 13 through the third beam splitting interface for demodulation.
Example 5
The multi-clad optical fiber 2 in the optical communication tracking device of the embodiment adopts a tri-clad optical fiber, and the device comprises an optical processing module 1, the tri-clad optical fiber and a telescope system 3; the triple-clad optical fiber includes a core layer 21, an inner cladding layer 22, and an outer cladding layer 23; the optical processing module 1 comprises a signal light modulator 11, a beacon light laser 12, a signal light demodulator 13 and a beam combiner 14, wherein the beam combiner 14 adopts a tapered optical fiber 142, the tapered optical fiber 142 comprises a first beam splitting interface 1421, a second beam splitting interface 1422, a third beam splitting interface and a beam combining interface 1423, the beam combining interface 1423 is connected with one end of the multi-clad optical fiber 2, the first beam splitting interface 1421 is coupled with the core layer 21 through the beam combining interface 1423, the second beam splitting interface 1422 is coupled with the inner cladding layer 22 through the beam combining interface 1423, and the third beam splitting interface is coupled with the outer cladding layer 23 through the beam combining interface 1423; in the optical processing module 1, a signal optical modulator 11 is connected to a first beam splitting interface 1421, a beacon optical laser 12 is connected to a third beam splitting interface, and a signal optical demodulator 13 is connected to a second beam splitting interface 1422; the telescope system 3 is connected to the other end of the multi-clad fiber 2.
As shown in fig. 5, the signal light modulator 11 modulates the signal light 91 carrying information, and the signal light 91 enters the tapered optical fiber 142 through the first beam splitting interface 1421, and then is emitted through the beam combining interface 1423 and coupled into the core layer 21 of the three-clad optical fiber; the beacon light laser 12 is made into emitted beacon light 92, the emitted beacon light 92 enters the tapered optical fiber 142 through the third beam splitting interface, and then is emitted through the beam combining interface 1423 and coupled into the outer cladding 23 of the three-cladding optical fiber; the transmission signal light 91 and the transmission beacon light 92 are transmitted from one end to the other end of the three-clad optical fiber, so that the coaxial transmission signal light 91 and the transmission beacon light 92 can be realized; the transmission signal light 91 and the transmission beacon light 92 are emitted into the telescope system 3 from the other end of the triple-clad optical fiber, and the transmission signal light 91 and the transmission beacon light 92 are collimated, expanded and emitted into free space by the telescope system 3.
The telescope system 3 receives the received signal light 93 and the received beacon light 94 emitted by the other optical communication device to the free space, and after the received signal light 93 and the received beacon light 94 are converged by the telescope system 3, the focused received signal light 93 is guided to be coupled into the inner cladding 22 of the triclad fiber by taking the received beacon light 94 as a reference; the received signal light 93 is transmitted through the three-clad optical fiber, enters the tapered optical fiber 142 through the beam combining interface 1423, and is transmitted to the signal light demodulator 13 through the second beam splitting interface 1422 for demodulation.
In the above embodiments, in the telescope system 3, the process of coupling the reception signal light 93 into the multi-clad optical fiber 2 with the reception beacon light 94 as an assist is shown in fig. 8, after the reception signal light 93 and the reception beacon light 94 are converged, the reception signal light 93 and the reception beacon light 94 are irradiated to the mirror surface 32 of the piezoelectric deflection mirror 31, and the mirror surface 32 reflects the reception signal light 93 and the reception beacon light 94 to the dichroic mirror 33; the received beacon light 94 does not pass through the dichroic mirror 33, is reflected by the dichroic mirror 33, and is focused by the first lens 34 on the CMOS sensor 36; the received signal light 93 may pass through the dichroic mirror 33, and the received signal light 93 is focused on the end face of the multi-clad fiber 2 by the second lens 35. When the reception signal light 93 and the reception beacon light 94 are transmitted coaxially and the relative positional relationship is stable, a specific region corresponding to the coupling region on the end face of the multi-clad optical fiber 2 exists on the sensing surface of the CMOS sensor 36. The mirror surface 32 is controlled to rotate by the piezoelectric deflection mirror 31, the beam angle is adjusted, so that the focus position of the received beacon light is moved, and when the CMOS sensor 36 senses that the received beacon light is focused in a specific area, the received signal light 93 is coupled into the multi-clad optical fiber 2.
The end face of the transmission channel of the multi-clad optical fiber 2 is the coupling area of the transmission channel on the end face of the optical fiber, the larger the diameter of the transmission channel is, the larger the area of the end face is, the larger the coupling area is, and the larger the area of the corresponding specific area is. In order to further improve the coupling efficiency of the received signal light 93, a cladding with a large diameter is designated to transmit the received signal light 93, and the coupling area of the cladding on the end face of the multi-clad optical fiber 2 is large, and the corresponding specific area is also large; the received signal light 93 has beam jitter and wavefront distortion, which can cause malformation of light spots focused on the end face of the multi-clad optical fiber 2 and accompanying jitter, but the coupling area of the cladding on the end face of the multi-clad optical fiber 2 is large, and the malformed light spots focused by the received signal light 93 can still be completely located in the coupling area, so that the focused received signal light 93 is completely coupled into the designated cladding of the multi-clad optical fiber 2. The received beacon light 94 also has beam jitter and wavefront distortion, which causes malformation of a spot focused on the sensing surface of the CMOS sensor 36 and accompanying jitter, and if the corresponding specific area on the sensing surface of the CMOS sensor 36 is small, the spot focused by the received beacon light 94 will not always be completely located in the specific area, which cannot ensure that the received signal light 93 is coupled into the optical fiber. Then, a large-diameter cladding is designated to transmit the received signal light 93, and the coupling area of the cladding on the end face of the multi-clad optical fiber 2 is large, and the corresponding specific area is also large; the wobbled spot focused by the received beacon light 94 can be always located completely in a specific area, which ensures that the received signal light 93 is coupled into the optical fiber, improving coupling efficiency and adaptability to the communication environment.
Similarly, the larger the end surface area of the transmission channel of the multi-clad optical fiber 2 for transmitting the received signal light 93 is, the more the received signal light 93 focusing light spot shake caused by slight vibration and the received signal light 93 focusing light spot deformity caused by wave front distortion are negligible, so that the fault tolerance of the optical communication device in optical communication is improved, and the adaptability to the communication environment is strong.
In the above-described embodiments 1 and 2, the circulator 141 may be replaced with a spatial light path based on the dichroic mirror 33. In addition, in the above embodiments, the beam combiner 14 may also implement the coupling of the signal light modulator 11, the beacon light laser 12, and the signal light demodulator 13 with the multi-clad optical fiber 2 entirely using a spatial light path.
In the above embodiments 1 to 5, the multi-clad optical fiber 2 transmits the emission beacon light 92 and the emission signal light 91 simultaneously, so that the co-axial transmission of both is realized, and the relative positions of the emission beacon light 92 and the emission signal light 91 outputted from the multi-clad optical fiber 2 remain unchanged all the time, which can ensure that another receiving optical communication device can accurately couple the signal light into the optical fiber. That is, in the technical solution of the present utility model, as long as the coupling accuracy of the devices such as the beam combiner 14 can ensure that the transmitted signal light 91 and the transmitted beacon light 92 are coupled into the multi-clad optical fiber 2, the two can be coaxial, and the relative positions of the two are unchanged. In addition, the relative positions of the devices in the solution of the present utility model slightly vary even if they are affected by environmental factors such as vibration and temperature and humidity variations, but the relative positions of the emission beacon light 92 and the emission signal light 91 may be affected as long as the coupling of the emission beacon light 92 and the emission signal light 91 into the multi-clad optical fiber 2 is not affected.
As shown in fig. 6 and 7, the divergence angles of the light output from the core layer 21 and the cladding layer of the multi-clad optical fiber 2 are different, and the magnitude of the divergence angle is positively correlated with the diameter of the transmission layer. In this application, the cladding layer may be selected to transmit the emitted beacon light 92, as shown in fig. 9, when the two optical communication devices perform tracking communication, the larger the divergence angle of the beacon light, the easier the telescope system 3 of the optical communication device is adjusted to be within the range of the beacon light, so that the tracking efficiency of the optical communication device is improved. In this application, the core layer 21 is selected to transmit the emission signal light 91, as shown in fig. 9, the divergence angle of the emission signal light 91 propagating in the free space is small, and the diffraction loss is lower. Even when both the emission signal light 91 and the emission beacon light 92 are transmitted through the core layer 21 of the multi-clad optical fiber 2, the divergence angle of the emission signal light 91 is small; since the wavelength of the emission signal light 91 is larger than the wavelength of the emission beacon light 92, the divergence angle of the emission beacon light 92 is larger than the divergence angle of the emission signal light 91, and the divergence angle of the emission beacon light 92 transmitted by the fiber core can ensure the tracking of two optical communication devices.
As shown in fig. 10 and 11, the core 21 and the inner cladding 22 and/or the outer cladding 23 of the multi-clad optical fiber 2 can each serve as a transmission channel for light. The refractive index of each transmission channel of the multi-clad optical fiber 2 is positively correlated with its diameter, and when transmitting light, the light transmitted in each transmission channel is also transmitted in the transmission channel contained therein.
The foregoing detailed description has been provided for the purposes of illustration in connection with specific embodiments and exemplary examples, but such description is not to be construed as limiting the application. Those skilled in the art will appreciate that various equivalent substitutions, modifications and improvements may be made to the technical solution of the present application and its embodiments without departing from the spirit and scope of the present application, and these all fall within the scope of the present application. The scope of the application is defined by the appended claims.
Claims (8)
1. The multi-beam coaxial transmission device for free space optical communication is characterized by comprising an optical processing module (1), a multi-cladding optical fiber (2) and a telescope system (3), wherein two ends of the multi-cladding optical fiber (2) are respectively connected with the optical processing module (1) and the telescope system (3);
the light processing module (1) is used for modulating the transmitting signal light (91), demodulating the receiving signal light (93) and emitting the transmitting beacon light (92);
the telescope system (3) is used for receiving the received signal light (93) and the received beacon light (94) in the free space, and respectively emitting the transmitted signal light (91) and the transmitted beacon light (92) to the free space; the telescope system (3) corrects the coupling site of the received signal light (93) by using the received beacon light (94); the coupling sites are positioned on the end face of the multi-clad optical fiber (2);
the multi-cladding optical fiber (2) is a double-cladding optical fiber or a triple-cladding optical fiber.
2. A multi-beam coaxial transmission device for free-space optical communication according to claim 1, characterized in that the optical processing module (1) comprises a signal light modulator (11), a signal light demodulator (13), a beacon light laser (12) and a combiner (14); the signal light modulator (11), the signal light demodulator (13) and the beacon light laser (12) are all connected with the beam combiner (14); the combiner (14) is connected to one end of the double-clad fiber.
3. The multi-beam coaxial transmission device for free-space optical communication according to claim 2, wherein the beam combiner (14) is composed of a tapered optical fiber (142) and a three-port circulator (141), the tapered optical fiber (142) comprising a first beam splitting interface (1421), a second beam splitting interface (1422) and a beam combining interface (1423), the beam combining interface (1423) being connected to one end of the multi-clad optical fiber (2); the circulator (141) comprises a first interface (1411), a second interface (1412) and a third interface (1413) which are distributed in sequence according to the circumference; a first interface (1411) of the circulator (141) is connected with the signal light modulator (11), a second interface (1412) is connected with the first beam splitting interface (1421), the first beam splitting interface (1421) is coupled with a core layer (21) of the multi-clad optical fiber (2) through a beam combining interface (1423), and a third interface (1413) is connected with the signal light demodulator (13); the beacon light laser (12) is connected with a second beam splitting interface (1422), and the second beam splitting interface (1422) is coupled with the cladding of the multi-cladding optical fiber (2) through a beam combining interface (1423).
4. A multi-beam coaxial transmission device for free-space optical communication according to claim 1, characterized in that the telescope system (3) comprises a piezoelectric deflection mirror (31), a dichroic mirror (33), a first lens (34), a second lens (35) and a CMOS sensor (36), the mirror surface (32) of the piezoelectric deflection mirror (31) reflecting the received signal light (93) and the received beacon light (94) to the dichroic mirror (33); the received beacon light (94) is reflected by the dichroic mirror (33) to the first lens (34), and the received beacon light (94) is focused on the CMOS sensor (36) through the first lens (34); the received signal light (93) passes through the dichroic mirror (33) to the second lens (35), and the received signal light (93) is focused by the second lens (35) on the end face of the multi-clad optical fiber (2).
5. A multi-beam coaxial transmission device for free-space optical communication according to claim 1, characterized in that the double-clad fiber consists of a core (21) and an inner cladding (22).
6. A multi-beam coaxial transmission device for free-space optical communication according to claim 1, characterized in that the three-clad fiber comprises a core (21) and an inner cladding (22) and an outer cladding (23) clad outside the core (21) layer by layer from inside to outside.
7. A multi-beam coaxial transmission arrangement for free-space optical communication according to claim 6, characterized in that the transmitted signal light (91) is coupled into the core (21) only for transmission, the transmitted beacon light (92) is coupled into the core (21) and the inner cladding (22), and the received signal light (93) is coupled into the core (21), the inner cladding (22) and the outer cladding (23).
8. A multi-beam coaxial transmission arrangement for free-space optical communication according to claim 6, characterized in that the transmit signal light (91) is coupled into the core (21) only for transmission, the receive signal light (93) is coupled into the core (21) and the inner cladding (22), and the transmit beacon light (92) is coupled into the core (21), the inner cladding (22) and the outer cladding (23) for transmission.
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