CN219242011U - Lubricating and cooling structure of engine tappet and engine - Google Patents
Lubricating and cooling structure of engine tappet and engine Download PDFInfo
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- CN219242011U CN219242011U CN202320114672.XU CN202320114672U CN219242011U CN 219242011 U CN219242011 U CN 219242011U CN 202320114672 U CN202320114672 U CN 202320114672U CN 219242011 U CN219242011 U CN 219242011U
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- tappet
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02T—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO TRANSPORTATION
- Y02T10/00—Road transport of goods or passengers
- Y02T10/10—Internal combustion engine [ICE] based vehicles
- Y02T10/12—Improving ICE efficiencies
Abstract
The utility model discloses a lubricating and cooling structure of an engine tappet and an engine, and relates to the technical field of engines. The engine comprises a machine body, a cam and a tappet, wherein the tappet is slidably arranged in the machine body and in rolling contact with the cam, a main oil duct is arranged in the machine body, an oil outlet of the main oil duct is arranged on one side of a contact surface of the tappet and the cam, a nozzle is arranged at the oil outlet, lubricating oil in the main oil duct is sprayed to the surface of the cam through the nozzle, the contact surface of the tappet and the cam can be lubricated by rotating the cam, and the contact surface of the cam and the tappet is effectively lubricated and cooled. And the installation of the nozzle is easier to realize, and the oil outlet matched with the nozzle on the machine body is easier to process compared with the oil outlet with the diameter of 0.5mm or 1mm in the prior art.
Description
Technical Field
The utility model relates to the technical field of engines, in particular to a lubricating and cooling structure of an engine tappet and an engine.
Background
The tappet is a key part in an engine valve mechanism, and the functions and the working principles of the tappet are as follows: the lower part of the tappet is contacted with the cam, the profile of the cam is converted into up-and-down reciprocating motion of the tappet through the rotation of the cam shaft, the up-and-down reciprocating motion is transmitted to the rocker arm through the push rod inserted in the inner cavity of the tappet, and finally, the opening and closing actions of the intake valve and the exhaust valve are realized through the rocker arm.
With the improvement of the strengthening degree of the diesel engine, when the cam and the tappet work in a matched mode, the contact surface of the cam and the tappet bear larger contact stress, so that high temperature is generated at the contact surface of the cam and the tappet, abrasion occurs, and the forced lubrication and cooling of the contact surface of the cam and the tappet are important for better improving the lubrication and cooling conditions of the cam and the tappet. In the prior art, an oil outlet is formed in the position of the main oil duct of the engine body, which corresponds to the tappet, so that the contact surface of the cam and the tappet is lubricated and cooled, but the diameter of the oil outlet is smaller, and is generally 0.5mm or 1mm. When the processing is performed on the machine body, the manufacturability is poor, and the realization is difficult.
Disclosure of Invention
The utility model aims to provide a lubricating and cooling structure of an engine tappet and an engine, and the lubricating and cooling structure of the engine tappet is easy to manufacture and can better realize the lubrication and cooling of contact surfaces of a cam and the tappet.
To achieve the purpose, the utility model adopts the following technical scheme:
the engine comprises a machine body, a cam and a tappet, wherein the tappet is slidably arranged in the machine body, the tappet is in rolling contact with the cam, a main oil duct is arranged in the machine body, an oil outlet of the main oil duct is arranged on one side of a contact surface of the tappet and the cam, a nozzle is arranged at the oil outlet, lubricating oil in the main oil duct is sprayed to the surface of the cam through the nozzle, and the cam can lubricate the contact surface of the tappet and the cam through rotation.
As an alternative of the lubricating and cooling structure of the engine tappet, the nozzle is a plug screw type nozzle, the oil outlet is provided with a threaded hole, and the plug screw type nozzle is in threaded connection with the threaded hole.
As an alternative to the lubricating and cooling structure of the engine tappet, the axis of the threaded hole is lower than the contact surface of the tappet and the cam.
As an alternative of the lubricating and cooling structure of the engine tappet, the oil outlet is provided with a stepped hole, a larger diameter hole is communicated with the main oil duct through a smaller diameter hole, and the larger diameter hole is provided as the threaded hole.
As an alternative scheme of the lubricating and cooling structure of the engine tappet, a connecting oil duct and an oil spray hole are arranged in the nozzle, and the smaller-diameter hole is communicated with the oil spray hole through the connecting oil duct; the diameter of the connecting oil duct is smaller than that of the smaller-diameter hole, and the diameter of the oil spraying hole is smaller than that of the connecting oil duct.
As an alternative to the lubricating and cooling structure of the engine tappet, the diameter of the oil injection hole is 0.5 mm-1 mm.
As an alternative to the lubricating and cooling structure of the engine tappet, the diameter of the threaded hole is 8 mm-10 mm.
As an alternative to the lubricating and cooling structure of the engine lifter, the outer periphery of the nozzle is provided with an outer hexagon.
As an alternative scheme of the lubricating and cooling structure of the tappet of the engine, a lubricating oil duct is arranged in the tappet, and the lubricating oil duct is communicated with the main oil duct and is used for lubricating the contact surface of the tappet and the engine body.
An engine comprising the lubricating cooling structure of the engine tappet according to any one of the above aspects, wherein the tappet is a flat bottom tappet or a roller tappet.
The utility model has the beneficial effects that:
according to the lubricating and cooling structure of the engine tappet, the oil outlet of the main oil duct in the engine body is arranged on one side of the contact surface of the tappet and the cam, the nozzle is arranged at the oil outlet, lubricating oil in the main oil duct is sprayed to the surface of the cam through the nozzle, the contact surface of the tappet and the cam can be lubricated by rotation of the cam, and forced lubrication and cooling are effectively carried out on the contact surface of the cam and the tappet. And the installation of the nozzle is easier to realize, and the oil outlet matched with the nozzle on the machine body is easier to process compared with the oil outlet with the diameter of 0.5mm or 1mm in the prior art.
The engine provided by the utility model is applied to the lubricating and cooling structure of the engine tappet, and the lubricating and cooling of the contact surface of the tappet and the cam are realized by utilizing the existing structure under the condition of not changing the arrangement of the engine body, so that the engine is easy to process and manufacture, and the reliability of the engine is improved.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic illustration of a lubrication and cooling structure for an engine lifter according to an embodiment of the present utility model;
FIG. 2 is a cross-sectional view of a plug screw nozzle provided in an embodiment of the present utility model;
fig. 3 is a schematic structural view of a plug screw nozzle according to an embodiment of the present utility model.
In the figure:
1. a body; 2. a cam; 3. a tappet; 4. a nozzle;
11. a main oil duct; 41. a connecting oil duct; 42. an oil injection hole; 43. and an outer hexagon.
Detailed Description
In order to make the technical problems solved, the technical scheme adopted and the technical effects achieved by the utility model more clear, the technical scheme of the utility model is further described below by a specific embodiment in combination with the attached drawings.
In the description of the present utility model, unless explicitly stated and limited otherwise, the terms "connected," "connected," and "fixed" are to be construed broadly, and may be, for example, fixedly connected, detachably connected, or integrally formed; can be mechanically or electrically connected; can be directly connected or indirectly connected through an intermediate medium, and can be communicated with the inside of two elements or the interaction relationship of the two elements. The specific meaning of the above terms in the present utility model will be understood in specific cases by those of ordinary skill in the art.
As shown in fig. 1, this embodiment provides an engine, including a machine body 1, a cam 2 and a tappet 3, wherein the tappet 3 is slidably disposed in the machine body 1, the tappet 3 is in rolling contact with the cam 2, a main oil duct 11 is disposed in the machine body 1, and the main oil duct 11 is filled with lubricating oil for providing lubricating oil for bearing bushes, crankshaft main journals, front end gear trains and other parts requiring lubrication. The lower part of the tappet 3 is contacted with the cam 2, the molded line outline of the cam 2 is converted into up-and-down reciprocating motion of the tappet 3 through the rotation of a cam shaft, a push rod inserted into the inner cavity of the tappet 3 transmits the up-and-down reciprocating motion to a rocker arm, and finally, the opening and closing actions of an intake valve and an exhaust valve are realized through the rocker arm.
In order to lubricate the contact surface between the tappet 3 and the machine body 1, a lubrication oil passage is arranged in the tappet 3 and is communicated with the main oil passage 11 for lubricating the contact surface between the tappet 3 and the machine body 1. The lubricating oil in the main oil duct 11 in the engine body 1 can enter the lubricating oil duct in the tappet 3, and the lubricating oil entering the lubricating oil duct can flow to the contact surface of the tappet 3 and the engine body 1 for lubrication.
With the improvement of the strengthening degree of an engine, especially a diesel engine, when the cam 2 and the tappet 3 work together, as the contact surface of the cam 2 and the tappet 3 bears larger contact stress, the contact surface of the cam 2 and the tappet 3 generates high temperature and further wear, so that the forced lubrication and cooling of the contact surface of the cam 2 and the tappet 3 are very important for better improving the lubrication and cooling conditions of the contact surface of the cam 2 and the tappet 3.
In order to realize lubrication and cooling of the contact surface of the cam 2 and the tappet 3, the engine further comprises a lubrication and cooling structure of the tappet of the engine, and the lubrication and cooling of the contact surface of the tappet 3 and the cam 2 are realized by utilizing the existing structure under the condition that the arrangement of the engine body 1 is not changed, so that the processing and manufacturing are easy, and the reliability of the engine is improved.
The embodiment also provides a lubrication cooling structure of the engine tappet, which can be applied to the engine, wherein an oil outlet of the main oil duct 11 is arranged on one side of a contact surface of the tappet 3 and the cam 2, a nozzle 4 is arranged at the oil outlet, lubricating oil in the main oil duct 11 is sprayed to the surface of the cam 2 through the nozzle 4, the contact surface of the tappet 3 and the cam 2 can be lubricated by the rotation of the cam 2, and forced lubrication and cooling are effectively carried out on the contact of the cam 2 and the tappet 3. And the installation of the nozzle 4 is easier to realize, and the oil outlet matched with the nozzle 4 on the machine body 1 is easier to process compared with the oil outlet with the diameter of 0.5mm or 1mm in the prior art.
The nozzle 4 can be arranged at the oil outlet in a threaded connection or interference fit mode, the caliber of the oil outlet is matched with the periphery of the nozzle 4, when the nozzle 4 is in interference fit with the oil outlet, the oil outlet can be a round hole or a square hole, and correspondingly, the periphery of the nozzle 4 is arranged into a cylinder matched with the round hole or a square column matched with the square hole.
In this embodiment, the nozzle 4 is a plug-type nozzle, the oil outlet is provided with a threaded hole, and the plug-type nozzle is in threaded connection with the threaded hole. The nozzle 4 and the oil outlet are in threaded connection, so that the installation of the nozzle 4 in a narrow space is easier.
Alternatively, the diameter of the threaded hole is 8mm to 10mm. The processing diameter is 8mm ~ 10 mm's screw hole for processing 0.5mm or 1 mm's oil outlet, the technology is simpler, more easily realizes.
As an alternative to the lubricating and cooling structure of the engine tappet, the axis of the threaded hole is arranged lower than the contact surface of the tappet 3 and the cam 2. The axis of the threaded hole is coincident with the axis of the nozzle 4, the axis of the threaded hole is set to be lower than the contact surface of the tappet 3 and the cam 2, the nozzle 4 is prevented from directly spraying lubricating oil to the contact surface of the tappet 3 and the cam 2, and bubbles are prevented from being generated at the contact surface of the tappet 3 and the cam 2 by the lubricating oil, so that cavitation is generated on the tappet 3 and the cam 2. Cavitation is the formation of bubbles near a solid surface when the pressure of a liquid at the point of contact with the solid surface is lower than the vapor pressure of the liquid. In addition, gas dissolved in the liquid may be precipitated to form bubbles. Then, when the bubbles flow to a place where the liquid pressure exceeds the bubble pressure, the bubbles collapse, and a great impact force and a high temperature are generated at the collapse moment. The solid surface is subjected to repeated actions of the impact force, and the material is subjected to fatigue falling off, so that small pits appear on the surface, and the material is further developed into a spongy shape; when serious, a large pit can be formed on the surface to influence the profile of the cam 2, thereby influencing the stroke of the up-and-down reciprocating motion of the tappet 3 and further influencing the opening and closing actions of the intake valve and the exhaust valve.
The cam 2 and the tappet 3 are located in a space surrounded by the machine body 1, an oil outlet of the main oil duct 11 is arranged on one side of a contact surface of the cam 2 and the tappet 3, as shown in fig. 1, when the cam 2 rotates anticlockwise, the oil outlet of the main oil duct 11 is arranged on the right side of the contact surface of the cam 2 and the tappet 3, after lubricating oil is sprayed on the outer surface of the cam 2, the anticlockwise rotation can enable the outer surface of the cam 2 sprayed with the lubricating oil to contact the tappet 3, and lubrication and cooling are achieved. When the cam 2 rotates clockwise, the oil outlet of the main oil duct 11 is arranged at the left side of the contact surface of the cam 2 and the tappet 3, and similarly, lubricating oil is firstly sprayed to the outer surface of the cam 2, and the clockwise rotation of the cam 2 can enable the outer surface of the cam 2 sprayed with the lubricating oil to contact with the tappet 3, so that lubrication and cooling are realized.
The specific value of setting the axis of the threaded hole lower than the contact surface of the tappet 3 and the cam 2 is not particularly limited in the present embodiment, and a person skilled in the art can specifically set the value according to the actual situation, and only slightly lower than the contact surface of the tappet 3 and the cam 2 is required.
As an alternative to the lubrication cooling structure of the engine lifter, the oil outlet is provided with a stepped hole, and a larger diameter hole is communicated with the main oil passage 11 through a smaller diameter hole, and the larger diameter hole is provided as a threaded hole. The screw plug is limited by the step surface of the step hole, namely the joint of the hole with the larger diameter and the hole with the smaller diameter, so that the limit is realized when the nozzle 4 is screwed with the threaded hole.
As shown in fig. 1 and 2, as an alternative to the lubrication cooling structure of the engine lifter, a connecting oil passage 41 and an oil jet 42 are provided in the nozzle 4, and a smaller diameter hole communicates with the oil jet 42 through the connecting oil passage 41; the diameter of the connecting oil passage 41 is smaller than that of the smaller diameter hole, and the diameter of the oil jet hole 42 is smaller than that of the connecting oil passage 41.
Since a certain interval is left between the nozzle 4 and the cam 2, in order to enable the oil of the nozzle 4 to be injected to the outer surface of the cam 2, the oil passing through the nozzle 4 needs to have a certain oil pressure, and a specific oil pressure value is related to the interval distance between the nozzle 4 and the cam 2.
In this embodiment, in order to ensure the stability of the lubrication oil injected from the nozzle 4, the set oil pressure injected from the nozzle 4 is about 5Mpa. The oil pressure mainly comes from the pressure of the lubricating oil inside the main oil gallery 11, the pressure that develops when entering the nozzle 4, and the pressure that develops inside the nozzle 4. In order to avoid the influence of the oil pressure of the nozzle 4 on the flow speed of the lubricating oil in the main oil duct 11, the stability of the nozzle 4 in injecting the lubricating oil is ensured by designing the structure of the joint of the nozzle 4 and the oil outlet and the internal structure of the nozzle 4.
The lubricating oil in the main oil gallery 11 enters the connecting oil gallery 41 through the smaller diameter hole of the oil outlet, and then enters the oil injection hole 42 to reach the set oil pressure to realize injection. In order to ensure the stability of the injection of the lubricating oil by the nozzle 4, the diameter of the connecting oil passage 41 is set smaller than the diameter of the smaller diameter hole, and a certain oil pressure is generated when the lubricating oil enters the nozzle 4; after the lubricating oil enters the nozzle 4, since the diameter of the oil injection hole 42 is smaller than the diameter of the connecting oil passage 41, the increase of the oil pressure is again achieved, the set oil pressure is reached, and the pressure when the lubricating oil is injected from the oil injection hole 42 is stabilized.
As an alternative to the lubrication cooling structure of the engine lifter, the diameter of the oil jet 42 is 0.5mm to 1mm. The diameter of the oil spraying hole 42 in the nozzle 4 is set to be 0.5 mm-1 mm, so that the spraying pressure of lubricating oil is ensured; the outer periphery of the nozzle 4 is set to be larger in diameter and matched with the oil outlet of the main oil duct 11, so that the oil outlet of the main oil duct 11 is easier to process.
As an alternative to the lubricating and cooling structure of the engine lifter, as shown in fig. 3, the outer periphery of the nozzle 4 is provided with an outer hexagonal 43, and a wrench is engaged with the outer hexagonal 43 to screw the nozzle 4 into the screw hole. By providing the outer hexagonal 43 on the outer periphery of the nozzle 4, the plug screw type nozzle is screwed directly into the body 1 by means of a wrench, which is easier to assemble.
The engine provided in this embodiment is such that the lifter 3 is a flat bottom lifter or a roller lifter. The lubricating and cooling structure of the engine tappet is suitable for both flat-bottom type tappet and roller type tappet.
Fig. 1 shows a flat-bottom tappet, the flat-bottom tappet is slidably arranged in a tappet hole of an engine, a plane at the bottom of the flat-bottom tappet is contacted with a cam 2, and when the engine runs, the cam 2 rotates to drive the flat-bottom tappet to reciprocate up and down. The lubrication and cooling of the contact surface of the cam 2 and the plane of the bottom of the flat-bottom tappet are realized by injecting the lubrication oil to the cam 2 through the nozzle 4 arranged at one side of the contact surface of the cam 2 and the flat-bottom tappet.
The roller tappet comprises a body, a roller and a roller shaft pin, wherein the body is arranged in a tappet hole of an engine in a sliding way, the roller is rotationally connected with the lower end of the body through the roller shaft pin, the roller is in rolling contact with a cam 2 on a cam shaft in the engine, and when the engine runs, the cam 2 rotates to drive the body to reciprocate up and down in the tappet hole. The lubrication and cooling of the contact surface of the cam 2 and the roller is realized by injecting the lubricant to the cam 2 through the nozzle 4 provided at one side of the contact surface of the cam 2 and the roller.
The foregoing is merely exemplary of the present utility model, and those skilled in the art should not be considered as limiting the utility model, since modifications may be made in the specific embodiments and application scope of the utility model in light of the teachings of the present utility model.
Claims (10)
1. The utility model provides a lubrication and cooling structure of engine tappet, the engine includes organism (1), cam (2) and tappet (3), tappet (3) are smooth to be located in organism (1), tappet (3) with cam (2) rolling contact, be provided with main oil duct (11) in organism (1), its characterized in that, the oil-out of main oil duct (11) set up in tappet (3) with one side of the contact surface of cam (2), just nozzle (4) are installed to the oil-out, the axis of nozzle (4) is less than tappet (3) with the contact surface setting of cam (2), lubricating oil in main oil duct (11) is through nozzle (4) spouts to the surface of cam (2), cam (2) rotatory ability lubrication tappet (3) with the contact surface of cam (2).
2. The lubricating and cooling structure of an engine tappet according to claim 1, characterized in that the nozzle (4) is a plug screw type nozzle, the oil outlet is provided as a screw hole, and the plug screw type nozzle is screwed with the screw hole.
3. The lubricating and cooling structure of an engine lifter according to claim 2, characterized in that the axis of the threaded hole is disposed lower than the contact surface of the lifter (3) with the cam (2).
4. The lubrication and cooling structure of an engine lifter according to claim 2, characterized in that the oil outlet is provided with a stepped hole, a larger diameter hole being provided as the threaded hole communicating with the main oil passage (11) through a smaller diameter hole.
5. The lubrication and cooling structure of an engine lifter according to claim 4, characterized in that a connecting oil passage (41) and an oil jet (42) are provided in the nozzle (4), the smaller diameter hole being communicated with the oil jet (42) through the connecting oil passage (41); the diameter of the connecting oil duct (41) is smaller than that of the smaller-diameter hole, and the diameter of the oil injection hole (42) is smaller than that of the connecting oil duct (41).
6. The lubricating and cooling structure of an engine lifter according to claim 5, characterized in that the diameter of the oil jet (42) is 0.5mm to 1mm.
7. The lubricating and cooling structure of an engine lifter according to claim 2, characterized in that the threaded hole has a diameter of 8mm to 10mm.
8. The lubrication and cooling structure of an engine lifter according to claim 2, characterized in that the outer periphery of the nozzle (4) is provided with an outer hexagon (43).
9. The lubrication and cooling structure of an engine tappet according to any one of claims 1-8, characterized in that a lubrication oil passage is provided in the tappet (3), which is in communication with the main oil passage (11) for lubricating the contact surface of the tappet (3) with the body (1).
10. Engine, characterized in that it comprises a lubricating and cooling structure of an engine tappet according to any one of claims 1-9, said tappet (3) being a flat-bottomed tappet or a roller tappet.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN202320114672.XU CN219242011U (en) | 2023-01-13 | 2023-01-13 | Lubricating and cooling structure of engine tappet and engine |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN202320114672.XU CN219242011U (en) | 2023-01-13 | 2023-01-13 | Lubricating and cooling structure of engine tappet and engine |
Publications (1)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| CN219242011U true CN219242011U (en) | 2023-06-23 |
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Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN202320114672.XU Active CN219242011U (en) | 2023-01-13 | 2023-01-13 | Lubricating and cooling structure of engine tappet and engine |
Country Status (1)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| CN (1) | CN219242011U (en) |
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2023
- 2023-01-13 CN CN202320114672.XU patent/CN219242011U/en active Active
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