CN219226356U

CN219226356U - Anode-free seawater sodium ion battery

Info

Publication number: CN219226356U
Application number: CN202223337497.5U
Authority: CN
Inventors: 陈林青; 陈晗; 杨莎; 张辉勇; 王易玮
Original assignee: Huiyang Century New Energy Technology Co ltd
Current assignee: Huiyang Century New Energy Technology Co ltd
Priority date: 2022-12-14
Filing date: 2022-12-14
Publication date: 2023-06-20
Anticipated expiration: 2032-12-14

Abstract

The utility model relates to the technical field of batteries, in particular to an anode-free seawater sodium ion battery, which comprises a shell, a negative current collector and a positive current collector which are arranged in the shell, at least one solid electrolyte layer arranged between the negative current collector and the positive current collector, and a protection invasion device connected with the positive current collector, wherein the protection invasion device invades seawater. The sodium ion battery adopts seawater as a cathode active material (namely, a positive electrode active material), sodium ions in the seawater are reduced into sodium metal to be deposited (electroplated) on an anode current collector (namely, a negative electrode current collector) to be used as the anode active material (namely, a negative electrode active material), and therefore the problem of capacity limitation is broken through.

Description

Anode-free seawater sodium ion battery

Technical Field

The utility model relates to the technical field of batteries, in particular to an anode-free seawater sodium ion battery.

Background

In recent years, sodium ion batteries having advantages of high operating voltage, low self-discharge rate, long life and the like are dominant in fields requiring use of rechargeable batteries such as electronic products and lightweight vehicles, but the content of lithium element in the crust is extremely small, continuous exploitation and use eventually leads to exhaustion of lithium element, sodium element reserves are very abundant, and low-priced and easy to exploit compared with lithium element, and sodium and lithium are the same main group elements and have similar physical and chemical properties, so sodium ion batteries are considered as one of the most potential secondary battery energy storage systems of the next generation.

Currently, sodium ion batteries use sodium metal or hard carbon as an anode to accommodate sodium ions, and the principle is the same as that of lithium ion batteries, so that the capacity of the sodium ion batteries is limited by anode active materials, and therefore, there is a need in the industry to develop a sodium ion battery that breaks through the limitation of the traditional anode capacity.

Disclosure of Invention

The utility model aims at: aiming at the defects of the prior art, the anode-free seawater sodium ion battery is provided, the sodium ion battery adopts seawater as a cathode active material, sodium ions in the seawater are reduced to sodium metal which is deposited (electroplated) on an anode current collector to be used as an anode active material, and thus the problem of capacity limitation is broken through.

In order to achieve the above purpose, the utility model adopts the following technical scheme:

the anode-free seawater sodium ion battery comprises a shell, a negative current collector, a positive current collector, at least one solid electrolyte layer and a protection invasion device, wherein the negative current collector and the positive current collector are arranged in the shell, the at least one solid electrolyte layer is arranged between the negative current collector and the positive current collector, the protection invasion device is connected with the positive current collector, and the protection invasion device invades seawater.

As an improvement of the non-anode seawater sodium ion battery, the intrusion prevention device is connected with the shell in a sealing way.

As an improvement of the anode-free seawater sodium ion battery, the intrusion prevention device comprises an aluminum alloy frame and a screen arranged in the aluminum alloy frame, wherein the surface of the screen is coated with a chloride adhesive antirust paint layer.

As an improvement of the anode-free seawater sodium ion battery, the holes of the screen are in a regular pattern, and the regular pattern is in a round shape, an oval shape or a polygonal shape.

As an improvement of the anode-free seawater sodium ion battery, the mesh number of the screen is 50-10000 mesh.

As an improvement of the anode-free seawater sodium ion battery, the mesh number of the screen is 1000-1500 meshes.

As an improvement of the anodeless seawater sodium ion cell of the utility model, the solid electrolyte layer consists of PEO polymer (polyethylene oxide), sodium salt (NaFSI) and ionic liquid (Pyr 14 FSI) in a molar ratio of 10:1:4.

As an improvement of the anode-free seawater sodium ion battery, the anode current collector is of an aluminum metal grid structure, and the inside of the anode current collector is filled with solid polymer electrolyte.

As an improvement of the anode-free seawater sodium ion battery, a negative electrode terminal is led out of the negative electrode current collector, a positive electrode terminal is led out of the positive electrode current collector, and the negative electrode terminal and the positive electrode terminal are sealed on the shell through rubber sealing gaskets.

The utility model has the beneficial effects that: the utility model comprises a shell, a negative current collector and a positive current collector which are arranged in the shell, at least one solid electrolyte layer arranged between the negative current collector and the positive current collector, and a protection invasion device connected with the positive current collector, wherein the protection invasion device invades sea water. The sodium ion battery adopts seawater as a cathode active material (namely, a positive electrode active material), sodium ions in the seawater are reduced into sodium metal to be deposited (electroplated) on an anode current collector (namely, a negative electrode current collector) to be used as the anode active material (namely, a negative electrode active material), and therefore the problem of capacity limitation is broken through.

Drawings

The accompanying drawings, which are included to provide a further understanding of the utility model and are incorporated in and constitute a part of this specification, illustrate embodiments of the utility model and together with the description serve to explain the utility model and do not constitute a limitation on the utility model. In the drawings:

fig. 1 is a schematic structural view of the present utility model.

Detailed Description

Certain terms are used throughout the description and claims to refer to particular components. Those of skill in the art will appreciate that a hardware manufacturer may refer to the same component by different names. The description and claims do not take the form of an element differentiated by name, but rather by functionality. As used throughout the specification and claims, the word "comprise" is an open-ended term, and thus should be interpreted to mean "include, but not limited to. By "substantially" is meant that within an acceptable error range, a person skilled in the art is able to solve the technical problem within a certain error range, substantially achieving the technical effect.

In the description of the present utility model, it should be understood that the directions or positional relationships indicated by the terms "upper", "lower", "front", "rear", "left", "right", "horizontal", etc. are based on the directions or positional relationships shown in the drawings, are merely for convenience of describing the present utility model and simplifying the description, and do not indicate or imply that the devices or elements referred to must have a specific orientation, be constructed and operated in a specific orientation, and thus should not be construed as limiting the present utility model.

In the present utility model, unless explicitly specified and limited otherwise, the terms "mounted," "connected," "secured," and the like are to be construed broadly and may be, for example, fixedly connected, detachably connected, or integrally connected; can be mechanically or electrically connected; can be directly connected or indirectly connected through an intermediate medium, and can be communication between two elements. The specific meaning of the above terms in the present utility model can be understood by those of ordinary skill in the art according to the specific circumstances.

The present utility model will be described in further detail below with reference to the drawings, but is not limited thereto.

As shown in fig. 1, the anodeless seawater sodium ion battery comprises a shell 1, a negative current collector 2 and a positive current collector 3 which are arranged in the shell 1, at least one solid electrolyte layer 4 arranged between the negative current collector 2 and the positive current collector 3, and a protection invasion device 5 connected with the positive current collector 3, wherein the protection invasion device 5 invades into seawater 6, the positive current collector 3 is a carbon fiber woven net and also needs to be kept immersed into the seawater 6, the embodiment converts the rich seawater resources on the earth into cathode active materials which are available for the sodium ion battery, and the anode active materials are suitable for large-scale fixed energy storage on the coast, marine equipment and deep sea equipment, and provide a high-efficiency, sustainable and low-cost electric power source for the application.

Preferably, the intrusion prevention device 5 is hermetically connected to the housing 1 for blocking intrusion of large solid wastes and organisms in seawater into the interior of the battery. The intrusion prevention device 5 comprises an aluminum alloy frame 51 and a screen mesh 52 arranged in the aluminum alloy frame 51, wherein a chloride adhesive antirust paint layer is coated on the surface of the screen mesh 52, and is mainly used for preventing the screen mesh 52 from rusting and prolonging the service life of the screen mesh 52. The holes of the screen 52 are in a regular pattern, which is circular, elliptical or polygonal, and the regular pattern is manufactured at a lower cost and is easy to implement. Typically, the mesh size of the screen 52 is 50-10000 mesh.

Specifically, the present embodiment sets the mesh number of the screen 52 to 1000 to 1500 mesh.

Preferably, the solid electrolyte layer 4 consists of PEO polymer (polyethylene oxide), sodium salt (NaFSI) and ionic liquid (Pyr 14 FSI) in a molar ratio of 10:1:4. The traditional solid electrolyte has poor ion conduction efficiency, and the utility model adopts a novel solid electrolyte structure formed by combining a sodium ion conductor and a solid polymer electrolyte, thereby greatly improving the ion conduction efficiency.

Preferably, the negative electrode current collector 2 has an aluminum metal grid structure, and the inside of the negative electrode current collector 2 is filled with a solid polymer electrolyte 21, which has substantially the same structure as the solid electrolyte layer 4, and the solid polymer electrolyte is a "sodium super ion conductor", i.e., NASICON.

Preferably, the negative current collector 2 is led out of a negative terminal 7, the positive current collector 3 is led out of a positive terminal 8, the negative terminal 7 and the positive terminal 8 are sealed to the casing 1 through rubber sealing gaskets (not shown), and the negative terminal 7 and the positive terminal 8 are used for connecting a load or form a battery pack through series-parallel connection.

Preferably, the material of the shell 1 is ABS+PC, and the ABS/PC is 7:3.

It should be noted that: in the utility model, seawater is used as a cathode active material (namely, an anode active material) of the battery, sodium ions in the seawater are reduced into sodium metal through the structure of the utility model to be deposited (electroplated) on an anode current collector to form a corresponding anode active material (namely, a cathode active material), so that a complete sodium ion battery is correspondingly formed.

The electrochemical reaction process of charge and discharge is as follows: 2NaOH discharge ⇋ charge H ₂ O+1/2O ₂ +2Na，Na ⁺ + e ^- ⇋Na(s), E ^O (V)=-2.71。

In conclusion, the seawater in China is rich in resources, and the utility model solves the problem that the existing mineral resources are not rich by extracting sodium metal from seawater to serve as the cathode active material of the sodium ion battery, thereby realizing sustainable development.

While the foregoing description illustrates and describes several preferred embodiments of the present utility model, it is to be understood that the utility model is not limited to the forms disclosed herein, but is not to be construed as limited to other embodiments, and is capable of numerous other combinations, modifications and environments and is capable of changes or modifications within the scope of the inventive concept as described herein, either as a result of the foregoing teachings or as a result of the knowledge or technology in the relevant art. And that modifications and variations which do not depart from the spirit and scope of the utility model are intended to be within the scope of the appended claims.

Claims

1. An anodeless seawater sodium ion battery, which is characterized in that: the solar cell comprises a shell, a negative current collector, a positive current collector, at least one solid electrolyte layer and a protection invasion device, wherein the negative current collector and the positive current collector are arranged in the shell, the at least one solid electrolyte layer is arranged between the negative current collector and the positive current collector, the protection invasion device is connected with the positive current collector, and the protection invasion device invades sea water.

2. The anodeless seawater sodium ion cell of claim 1, wherein: the intrusion prevention device is in sealing connection with the shell.

3. The anodeless seawater sodium ion cell of claim 1, wherein: the anti-intrusion device comprises an aluminum alloy frame and a screen arranged in the aluminum alloy frame, wherein the surface of the screen is coated with a chloride adhesive antirust paint layer.

4. The anodeless seawater sodium ion cell of claim 3, wherein: the holes of the screen are regular patterns, and the regular patterns are circles, ovals or polygons.

5. The anodeless seawater sodium ion cell of claim 3, wherein: the mesh number of the screen is 50-10000 mesh.

6. The anodeless seawater sodium ion cell of claim 5, wherein: the mesh number of the screen is 1000-1500 meshes.

7. The anodeless seawater sodium ion cell of claim 1, wherein: the solid electrolyte layer consisted of PEO polymer, sodium salt and ionic liquid in a molar ratio of 10:1:4.

8. The anodeless seawater sodium ion cell of claim 1, wherein: the negative electrode current collector is of an aluminum metal grid structure, and solid polymer electrolyte is filled in the negative electrode current collector.

9. The anodeless seawater sodium ion cell of claim 1, wherein: the negative electrode current collector is led out with a negative electrode terminal, the positive electrode current collector is led out with a positive electrode terminal, and the negative electrode terminal and the positive electrode terminal are sealed in the shell through a rubber sealing gasket.