CN219224950U - Three-phase open-phase detection circuit - Google Patents
Three-phase open-phase detection circuit Download PDFInfo
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- CN219224950U CN219224950U CN202222762417.4U CN202222762417U CN219224950U CN 219224950 U CN219224950 U CN 219224950U CN 202222762417 U CN202222762417 U CN 202222762417U CN 219224950 U CN219224950 U CN 219224950U
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Abstract
The utility model discloses a three-phase open-phase detection circuit, which relates to the technical field of power supply circuits, and comprises: the device comprises a three-phase rectifying unit, a phase failure detecting unit and a result output unit; the three-phase input end of the three-phase rectifying unit is correspondingly connected with the three-phase circuit, and the three-phase rectifying unit is used for rectifying three-phase alternating current; the phase failure detection unit comprises an optical coupler; the positive electrode of the diode in the optical coupler is electrically connected with the positive output end of the three-phase rectifying unit, and the negative electrode of the diode in the optical coupler is electrically connected with the negative output end of the three-phase rectifying unit; the collector electrodes of the triodes in the optical coupler are respectively and electrically connected with the working voltage and the level detection end of the result output unit, and the emitter electrodes of the triodes in the optical coupler are grounded; the result output unit is used for outputting a phase failure detection result corresponding to the level signal of the level detection end. The three-phase open-phase detection circuit provided by the utility model has the advantages of fewer components, simple circuit structure and cost reduction.
Description
Technical Field
The utility model relates to the technical field of power supply circuits, in particular to a three-phase open-phase detection circuit.
Background
The existing three-phase open-phase detection circuit mainly comprises two types, wherein one type is that the open-phase protection circuit adopts a voltage division mode to carry out open-phase detection, but is easily interfered by various factors such as power grid voltage fluctuation or a connection mode of an operational amplifier, and the three-phase open-phase detection circuit is further triggered and protected by mistake; the other is to adopt a plurality of optocouplers to detect each phase respectively, the used components are more, the structure is complex, and the cost is higher.
Disclosure of Invention
In order to solve the problems, the utility model provides a three-phase open-phase detection circuit which can avoid false triggering protection caused by interference, and meanwhile, open-phase detection of three-phase electricity is realized by adopting only one optical coupler, so that fewer components are used, the circuit structure is simple, and the cost is reduced.
According to an embodiment of the present utility model, there is provided, in one aspect, a three-phase open-phase detection circuit including: the device comprises a three-phase rectifying unit, a phase failure detecting unit and a result output unit; the three-phase input end of the three-phase rectifying unit is correspondingly connected to a three-phase circuit, and the three-phase rectifying unit is used for rectifying three-phase alternating current; the open-phase detection unit comprises an optical coupler; the positive electrode of the diode in the optical coupler is electrically connected with the positive output end of the three-phase rectifying unit, and the negative electrode of the diode in the optical coupler is electrically connected with the negative output end of the three-phase rectifying unit; the collector electrode of the triode in the optical coupler is respectively and electrically connected with the working voltage and the level detection end of the result output unit, and the emitter electrode of the triode in the optical coupler is grounded; the result output unit is used for outputting a phase failure detection result corresponding to the level signal of the level detection end; the phase-failure detection result is a phase-failure when the level signal is continuously at a low level, and the phase-failure detection result is at least one phase-failure when the level signal comprises a high level.
Through adopting above-mentioned technical scheme, with the positive output and the negative output of three-phase rectification unit respectively with the diode electricity of optocoupler primary side be connected to with the level detection end of result output unit and the collector electricity of optocoupler secondary side triode be connected, can continuously detect optocoupler's operating condition, and then according to optocoupler's operating condition output corresponding open-phase detection result, need not to set up operational amplifier in open-phase detection circuit, can avoid receiving the interference and lead to the false triggering protection, just realized the open-phase detection to three-phase electricity just adopting an optocoupler simultaneously, use components and parts are less, and circuit structure is simple, the cost is reduced.
Preferably, the three-phase open-phase detection circuit further includes: and the filtering unit is connected between the three-phase rectifying unit and the open-phase detection unit.
By adopting the technical scheme, the filtering unit is arranged between the three-phase rectifying unit and the open-phase detecting unit, and can carry out high-frequency filtering on the direct current signal obtained after rectification so as to output the direct current signal after filtering to the open-phase detecting unit.
Preferably, the filtering unit includes a first resistor and a first capacitor, the first resistor is connected between the positive output end and the negative output end of the three-phase rectifying unit, and the first capacitor is connected in parallel with the first resistor.
Preferably, the open-phase detection unit includes a second resistor, and a collector of the triode in the optical coupler is connected to an operating voltage via the second resistor.
By adopting the technical scheme, the resistor is arranged between the collector electrode of the triode of the optical coupler and the working voltage, so that the triode in the optical coupler is prevented from being damaged when the working current is large.
Preferably, the open-phase detection unit includes a second capacitor connected between the collector and the emitter.
Through adopting above-mentioned technical scheme, connect in triode collector and the effect of low pass filtering of second electric capacity between the projecting pole, make the direct current signal input to the level detection end of result output unit after low pass filtering.
Preferably, the open-phase detection unit includes a third resistor, and the third resistor is connected between the positive output end of the three-phase rectification unit and the optical coupler.
By adopting the technical scheme, the resistor is arranged between the positive output end of the three-phase rectifying unit and the optical coupler, so that the current limiting protection effect can be achieved, and the optical coupler is prevented from being damaged due to overlarge current.
Preferably, the open-phase detection unit includes a zener diode connected between the third resistor and the optocoupler.
By adopting the technical scheme, the voltage stabilizing diode is connected in series between the third resistor and the optical coupler, so that the optical coupler can be subjected to voltage stabilizing protection.
Preferably, the three-phase rectifying unit comprises a first group of rectifying bridge arms, a second group of rectifying bridge arms and a third group of rectifying bridge arms, the second group of rectifying bridge arms are connected in parallel with the first group of rectifying bridge arms, the third group of rectifying bridge arms are connected in parallel with the second group of rectifying bridge arms, and each group of rectifying bridge arms comprises two rectifying diodes connected in series.
Preferably, the three-phase rectifying unit includes a first group of voltage-reducing elements, a second group of voltage-reducing elements, and a third group of voltage-reducing elements; the first group of voltage reducing elements are connected between the first phase alternating current input end and the first node, the second group of voltage reducing elements are connected between the second phase alternating current input end and the second node, and the third group of voltage reducing elements are connected between the third phase alternating current input end and the third node; the first node is located between two serially connected rectifying diodes on the first group of rectifying bridge arms, the second node is located between two serially connected rectifying diodes on the second group of rectifying bridge arms, and the third node is located between two serially connected rectifying diodes on the third group of rectifying bridge arms.
By adopting the technical scheme, the step-down element is arranged between the three-phase alternating current and the three-phase rectifier bridge, so that the three-phase alternating current can be subjected to step-down isolation, and the three-phase alternating current is input into the rectifier bridge arm for rectification after step-down attenuation.
Preferably, each set of voltage reducing elements comprises two resistors connected in series.
The utility model has the following beneficial effects: the positive output end and the negative output end of the three-phase rectifying unit are respectively and electrically connected with the diode at the primary side of the optical coupler, the level detection end of the result output unit is electrically connected with the collector electrode of the triode at the secondary side of the optical coupler, the working state of the optical coupler can be continuously detected, the corresponding phase-failure detection result is output according to the working state of the optical coupler, an operational amplifier is not required to be arranged in a phase-failure detection circuit, the false triggering protection caused by interference can be avoided, meanwhile, the phase-failure detection of three-phase electricity is realized by only adopting one optical coupler, fewer components are used, the circuit structure is simple, and the cost is reduced.
Drawings
In order to more clearly illustrate the embodiments of the present utility model or the technical solutions in the prior art, the drawings used in the description of the embodiments or the prior art will be briefly described below. It will be apparent to those of ordinary skill in the art that the drawings in the following description are exemplary only and that other implementations can be obtained from the extensions of the drawings provided without inventive effort.
The structures, proportions, sizes, etc. shown in the present specification are shown only for the purposes of illustration and description, and are not intended to limit the scope of the utility model, which is defined by the claims, so that any structural modifications, changes in proportions, or adjustments of sizes, which do not affect the efficacy or the achievement of the present utility model, should fall within the ambit of the technical disclosure.
FIG. 1 is a diagram of a three-phase open-phase detection circuit provided by the utility model;
fig. 2 is a rectified waveform diagram of a three-phase circuit according to the present utility model.
Detailed Description
Other advantages and advantages of the present utility model will become apparent to those skilled in the art from the following detailed description, which, by way of illustration, is to be read in connection with certain specific embodiments, but not all embodiments. All other embodiments, which can be made by those skilled in the art based on the embodiments of the utility model without making any inventive effort, are intended to be within the scope of the utility model.
In order that the above objects, features and advantages of the utility model will be readily understood, a more particular description of the utility model will be rendered by reference to specific embodiments thereof which are illustrated in the appended drawings.
The present embodiment provides a three-phase open-phase detection circuit, referring to a three-phase open-phase detection circuit diagram shown in fig. 1, the circuit includes: three-phase rectifying unit 11, open-phase detecting unit 12 and result output unit 13.
The three-phase input ends of the three-phase rectifying unit 11 are correspondingly connected to the three-phase circuit, and the three-phase rectifying unit is used for rectifying three-phase alternating current. As shown in fig. 1, the three-phase rectifying unit 11 includes three-phase input terminals L1, L2, and L3, the three-phase input terminals L1, L2, and L3 being connected to three-phase lines of an ac power source correspondingly, such as L1 being electrically connected to an a-phase line, L2 being electrically connected to a b-phase line, and L3 being electrically connected to a c-phase line.
As shown in fig. 1, the open-phase detection unit 12 includes an optocoupler PC1; the positive electrode A of the diode in the optocoupler PC1 is electrically connected with the positive output end of the three-phase rectifying unit, and the negative electrode K of the diode in the optocoupler PC1 is electrically connected with the negative output end of the three-phase rectifying unit. The collector C of the triode in the optocoupler PC1 is electrically connected to the operating voltage VCC and the level detection terminal PL of the result output unit 13, respectively, and the emitter E of the triode in the optocoupler PC1 is grounded.
Under the condition that the three-phase alternating current is not in phase shortage, in the whole period of the three-phase alternating current, after the three-phase alternating current is rectified by the three-phase rectifying unit 11, the voltages at the two ends of the positive output end and the negative output end of the three-phase rectifying unit are continuously high level, the optocoupler PC1 continuously works normally, the triode in the optocoupler PC1 is continuously conducted, the CE is conducted, and as the emitter E of the middle triode is grounded, the level detection end PL of the output unit 13 continuously detects a low level signal.
Under the condition that at least one phase of three-phase alternating current is missing, the voltage at the two ends of the positive output end and the negative output end of the three-phase rectifying unit is 0, when the voltage is 0, the optocoupler PC1 does not work, the triode in the optocoupler PC1 is cut off, the CE is disconnected, and as the collector C of the triode is electrically connected with the working voltage VCC, the level detection end PL of the output unit 13 detects a high level. Therefore, when the level detection terminal PL of the result output unit 13 can detect a high level signal, it indicates that the transistor in the optocoupler PC1 cannot be continuously turned on, the optocoupler PC1 does not continuously operate normally, and at least one phase of the three-phase alternating current is lost. When the level detection terminal PL of the result output unit 13 continuously detects a high level signal, it indicates that the optocoupler PC1 is continuously inactive, and the three-phase alternating current lacks two phases.
The result output unit is used for outputting a phase failure detection result corresponding to the level signal of the level detection end; the phase-failure detection result is a phase-failure-free state when the level signal is continuously low level, and the phase-failure detection result is at least one phase-failure state when the level signal comprises high level.
In one embodiment, the result output unit may include a control chip, such as a single chip microcomputer, where the control chip may include a three-phase circuit rectification waveform, see the three-phase circuit rectification waveform shown in fig. 2, and in the case of no phase loss of the three-phase alternating current, the voltage U across the positive output end and the negative output end of the three-phase rectification unit after rectification is over the whole period of the three-phase alternating current d The high level continues, the optocoupler PC1 continues to operate normally, CE is turned on, and the PL terminal continues to detect the low level.
When any one phase of the three-phase alternating current lacks phase, the output of the optical coupler is abnormal:
if the a phase is missing, at the peak time t2 and the trough time t5 of the a phase electricity, the voltages U at the two ends of the positive output end and the negative output end of the three-phase rectifying unit d At 0, the optocoupler PC1 is not operated, CE is disconnected, and the PL terminal is detected as high level at the moment;
if b phase is missing, at the peak time t4 and the trough time t1 of b phase electricity, U d At 0, the optocoupler PC1 is not operating, at which point PThe L end is detected as a high level;
if the c phase is missing, at the peak time t3 and the trough time t6 of the c phase electricity, U d At 0, the optocoupler PC1 is not operating, and at this point the PL terminal is detected as high;
in the case where the three-phase alternating current lacks two phases, the optocoupler PC1 is continuously disabled and the PL terminal is continuously detected as a high level because no loop is formed.
In a specific embodiment, in order to accurately determine the phase loss detection result of the three-phase alternating current, the control chip may further include phase loss detection results corresponding to the level signals at the PL end at different times, see a table of correspondence between the level signals and the phase loss detection results shown in the following table, and the result output unit may output the phase loss detection result corresponding to each level signal according to the following table:
table one level signal and phase failure detection result corresponding relation table
| Level signal | Phase failure detection result |
| The PL terminal is continuously low | Three-phase alternating current no phase failure |
| PL terminal is at high level at the time of peak and trough of a-phase electricity | A-phase loss of three-phase alternating current |
| PL terminal is at high level at the time of peak and trough of b-phase electricity | B-phase loss of three-phase AC |
| PL terminal is at high level at peak and trough time of c-phase electricity | C-phase loss of three-phase ac |
| The PL terminal is continuously high | Three-phase alternating current lacks two phases |
According to the three-phase open-phase detection circuit provided by the embodiment, the positive output end and the negative output end of the three-phase rectifying unit are respectively and electrically connected with the diode on the primary side of the optical coupler, the level detection end of the result output unit is electrically connected with the collector electrode of the triode on the secondary side of the optical coupler, the working state of the optical coupler can be continuously detected, the corresponding open-phase detection result is output according to the working state of the optical coupler, an operational amplifier is not required to be arranged in the open-phase detection circuit, the protection is prevented from being triggered by interference and error, open-phase detection of three-phase electricity is realized by only adopting one optical coupler, the number of used components is small, the circuit structure is simple, and the cost is reduced.
In one embodiment, as shown in fig. 1, the three-phase open-phase detection circuit provided in this embodiment further includes: a filtering unit 14, the filtering unit 14 is connected between the three-phase rectifying unit 11 and the open-phase detecting unit 12, and the filtering unit may include one or more filtering capacitors. The filtering unit is arranged between the three-phase rectifying unit and the open-phase detecting unit, so that the direct current signal obtained after rectification can be subjected to high-frequency filtering, and the filtered direct current signal is output to the open-phase detecting unit.
In a specific embodiment, as shown in fig. 1, the filtering unit 14 includes a first resistor R1 and a first capacitor C1, where the first resistor R1 is connected between the positive output terminal and the negative output terminal of the three-phase rectifying unit 11, and the first capacitor C1 is connected in parallel with the first resistor R1. The first resistor R1 can be a 10K resistor and is connected between the positive output end and the negative output end of the three-phase rectifying unit 11 as a load resistor, and the voltage across the first resistor R1 is U d Under the condition of no phase shortage of three-phase alternating current, the voltage U at two ends of the first resistor R1 d As the ordinate in figure 2Is U (U) d Shown by the solid line curve of the first resistor R1 d And is continuously high, and the optocoupler continuously works normally.
In one embodiment, as shown in fig. 1, the open-phase detection unit provided in this embodiment includes a second resistor R2, and the collector C of the triode in the optocoupler PC1 is connected to an operating voltage via the second resistor R2, where the operating voltage may be a preset power supply VCC. The second resistor R2 may be a 10K resistor, and by setting a resistor between the collector of the triode of the optocoupler and the operating voltage, the triode of the optocoupler is prevented from being damaged when the operating current is large.
As shown in fig. 1, the open-phase detection unit provided in this embodiment further includes a second capacitor C2, where the second capacitor C2 is connected between the collector C and the emitter E. The second capacitor connected between the collector and the emitter of the triode plays a role of low-pass filtering, so that the direct current signal is input to the level detection end PL of the result output unit after low-pass filtering.
In one embodiment, to ensure that the optocoupler is not damaged, the open-phase detection unit includes a third resistor R3, as shown in fig. 1, where the third resistor R3 is connected between the positive output terminal of the three-phase rectification unit and the optocoupler. One end of the third resistor R3 is connected with the positive output end of the three-phase rectifying unit, the other end of the third resistor R3 is connected with the positive electrode A of the diode in the optical coupler, the third resistor R3 is a current limiting resistor, and the current limiting protection effect can be achieved by arranging a resistor between the positive output end of the three-phase rectifying unit and the optical coupler, and the optical coupler is prevented from being damaged due to overlarge current.
As shown in fig. 1, the phase loss detection unit provided in this embodiment further includes a zener diode ZD1, where the zener diode ZD1 is connected between the third resistor R3 and the optocoupler PC 1. The voltage stabilizing diode is connected in series between the third resistor and the optical coupler, so that the optical coupler can be subjected to voltage stabilizing protection.
In one embodiment, the three-phase rectifying unit provided in this embodiment includes a first group of rectifying bridge arms, a second group of rectifying bridge arms, and a third group of rectifying bridge arms, where the second group of rectifying bridge arms is connected in parallel with the first group of rectifying bridge arms, the third group of rectifying bridge arms is connected in parallel with the second group of rectifying bridge arms, each group of rectifying bridge arms includes two serially connected rectifying diodes, and three-phase input ends L1, L2, and L3 are respectively connected to three nodes formed between two serially connected rectifying diodes on each group of rectifying bridge arms. As shown in fig. 1, the first group of rectifier bridge arms includes two series-connected rectifier diodes D11 and D12, the second group of rectifier bridge arms includes two series-connected rectifier diodes D21 and D22, and the third group of rectifier bridge arms includes two series-connected rectifier diodes D31 and D32. The three-phase alternating current is input into a rectifying bridge arm to rectify an input three-phase alternating current signal into a direct current signal.
In one embodiment, the three-phase rectifying unit provided in this embodiment further includes a first group of voltage-reducing elements, a second group of voltage-reducing elements, and a third group of voltage-reducing elements; as shown in fig. 1, each set of voltage reducing elements may include two resistors connected in series, and each resistor may have a resistance value of 100K.
As shown in fig. 1, the first group of voltage reducing elements R11 and R12 are connected between the first ac input terminal L1 and the first node P1, and the first node P1 is located between two series-connected rectifying diodes D11 and D12 on the first group of rectifying bridge arms.
The second group of voltage reducing elements R21 and R22 is connected between the second phase ac input terminal L2 and the second node P2, and the second node P2 is located between two series-connected rectifying diodes D21 and D22 on the second group of rectifying bridge arms.
The third group of buck elements R31 and R32 are connected between the third phase ac input terminal L3 and a third node P3, the third node P3 being located between two series connected rectifier diodes D31 and D32 on the third group of rectifier bridge arms.
In the embodiment, the step-down element is arranged between the three-phase alternating current and the three-phase rectifier bridge, so that the three-phase alternating current can be subjected to step-down isolation, and the three-phase alternating current is input into the rectifier bridge arm for rectification after step-down attenuation.
Compared with the existing phase-loss detection circuit which adopts three optocouplers to carry out phase-loss detection or uses an operational amplifier to carry out comparison after rectification and voltage division, the three-phase-loss detection circuit provided by the embodiment does not need to adopt the operational amplifier, can avoid interference to the circuit caused by power grid voltage fluctuation, only adopts one optocoupler, is simpler in circuit structure, realizes phase-loss detection by using fewer components, reduces circuit complexity and circuit cost.
Although the present utility model is disclosed above, the present utility model is not limited thereto. Various changes and modifications may be made by one skilled in the art without departing from the spirit and scope of the utility model, and the scope of the utility model should be assessed accordingly to that of the appended claims.
Finally, it is further noted that relational terms such as first and second, and the like are used solely to distinguish one entity or action from another entity or action without necessarily requiring or implying any actual such relationship or order between such entities or actions. Moreover, the terms "comprises," "comprising," or any other variation thereof, are intended to cover a non-exclusive inclusion, such that a process, method, article, or apparatus that comprises a list of elements does not include only those elements but may include other elements not expressly listed or inherent to such process, method, article, or apparatus. Without further limitation, an element defined by the phrase "comprising one … …" does not exclude the presence of other like elements in a process, method, article, or apparatus that comprises the element.
The previous description of the disclosed embodiments is provided to enable any person skilled in the art to make or use the present utility model. Various modifications to these embodiments will be readily apparent to those skilled in the art, and the generic principles defined herein may be applied to other embodiments without departing from the spirit or scope of the utility model. Thus, the present utility model is not intended to be limited to the embodiments shown herein but is to be accorded the widest scope consistent with the principles and novel features disclosed herein.
Although the present utility model is disclosed above, the present utility model is not limited thereto. Various changes and modifications may be made by one skilled in the art without departing from the spirit and scope of the utility model, and the scope of the utility model should be assessed accordingly to that of the appended claims.
Claims (10)
1. A three-phase open-phase detection circuit, comprising: the device comprises a three-phase rectifying unit, a phase failure detecting unit and a result output unit;
the three-phase input end of the three-phase rectifying unit is correspondingly connected to a three-phase circuit, and the three-phase rectifying unit is used for rectifying three-phase alternating current;
the open-phase detection unit comprises an optical coupler; the positive electrode of the diode in the optical coupler is electrically connected with the positive output end of the three-phase rectifying unit, and the negative electrode of the diode in the optical coupler is electrically connected with the negative output end of the three-phase rectifying unit;
the collector electrode of the triode in the optical coupler is respectively and electrically connected with the working voltage and the level detection end of the result output unit, and the emitter electrode of the triode in the optical coupler is grounded;
the result output unit is used for outputting a phase failure detection result corresponding to the level signal of the level detection end; the phase-failure detection result is a phase-failure when the level signal is continuously at a low level, and the phase-failure detection result is at least one phase-failure when the level signal comprises a high level.
2. The three-phase open-phase detection circuit according to claim 1, further comprising: and the filtering unit is connected between the three-phase rectifying unit and the open-phase detection unit.
3. The three-phase open-phase detection circuit according to claim 2, wherein the filter unit includes a first resistor and a first capacitor, the first resistor is connected between the positive output terminal and the negative output terminal of the three-phase rectifying unit, and the first capacitor is connected in parallel with the first resistor.
4. The three-phase open-phase detection circuit according to claim 1, wherein the open-phase detection unit includes a second resistor, and a collector of a triode in the optocoupler is connected to an operating voltage via the second resistor.
5. The three-phase open-phase detection circuit according to claim 1, wherein the open-phase detection unit includes a second capacitor connected between the collector and the emitter.
6. The three-phase open-phase detection circuit according to claim 1, wherein the open-phase detection unit includes a third resistor connected between the positive output terminal of the three-phase rectification unit and the optocoupler.
7. The three-phase open-phase detection circuit according to claim 6, wherein the open-phase detection unit includes a zener diode connected between the third resistor and the optocoupler.
8. The three-phase open-phase detection circuit of claim 1, wherein the three-phase rectifying unit comprises a first set of rectifying legs, a second set of rectifying legs, and a third set of rectifying legs, the second set of rectifying legs being connected in parallel with the first set of rectifying legs, the third set of rectifying legs being connected in parallel with the second set of rectifying legs, each set of rectifying legs comprising two rectifying diodes connected in series.
9. The three-phase open-phase detection circuit according to claim 8, wherein the three-phase rectification unit includes a first group of voltage-reducing elements, a second group of voltage-reducing elements, and a third group of voltage-reducing elements;
the first group of voltage reducing elements are connected between the first phase alternating current input end and the first node, the second group of voltage reducing elements are connected between the second phase alternating current input end and the second node, and the third group of voltage reducing elements are connected between the third phase alternating current input end and the third node; the first node is located between two serially connected rectifying diodes on the first group of rectifying bridge arms, the second node is located between two serially connected rectifying diodes on the second group of rectifying bridge arms, and the third node is located between two serially connected rectifying diodes on the third group of rectifying bridge arms.
10. The three-phase open-phase detection circuit of claim 9 wherein each set of voltage step-down elements comprises two resistors in series.
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| CN202222762417.4U CN219224950U (en) | 2022-10-19 | 2022-10-19 | Three-phase open-phase detection circuit |
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| CN202222762417.4U CN219224950U (en) | 2022-10-19 | 2022-10-19 | Three-phase open-phase detection circuit |
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