CN219188504U - Multi-station automatic switching horizontal hydraulic press - Google Patents

Abstract

The utility model discloses a multi-station automatic switching horizontal hydraulic machine, which comprises a cross beam connected with two ends of an upper upright post and a lower upright post, wherein main cylinders are respectively arranged in the middle of the cross beam, the front ends of plungers of the two main cylinders are respectively connected with a main sliding block, the front ends of the main sliding blocks are respectively embedded with a die holder, the die holder is provided with at least two die mounting holes and is respectively provided with a die, and the lower part of the die holder and the main sliding block are guided by a guide flat key; the top of the die holder is provided with a die holder support lug which is hinged with the free end of a piston rod of the die changing cylinder, the die changing cylinder extends along the left-right direction, and the bottom of the die changing cylinder is fixed on the main sliding block; the middle part of the upper upright post is provided with a compression cylinder, the lower end of a piston rod of the compression cylinder is connected with a compression sliding block, the lower end surface of the compression sliding block is pressed at the top of the upper half part of the compression block, the bottom of the lower half part of the compression block is fixed on a workbench, and the bottom of the workbench is fixed at the middle part of the lower upright post. The hydraulic press can realize multi-station automatic switching extrusion forging, save equipment investment cost and improve production efficiency.

Description

Multi-station automatic switching horizontal hydraulic press

Technical Field

The utility model relates to a horizontal hydraulic machine, in particular to a multi-station automatic switching horizontal hydraulic machine, and belongs to the technical field of hydraulic machines.

Background

In the forming processes of necking, thickening, square pushing, thickening and the like of shaft and disc parts, the shaft and disc parts need to be deformed step by step to the required size in multiple times, and various quality problems such as stacking, instability, cracks, workpiece bending, incapability of forming and the like easily occur when the shaft and disc parts are deformed too much once. The use of multiple progressive forming involves the problem of switching stations or dies. When the hydraulic press is used for pressing, the stress point is positioned at the pressure center of the machine tool, and two general solutions are provided for multi-station and multi-time extrusion: (1) A plurality of machine tools are connected, each machine tool is provided with different dies, and the middle of the machine tool is matched with a feeding device or is manually fed and discharged. (2) And forming in batches on the same hydraulic press at each station, and replacing the dies to perform the next batch of forming.

The two schemes have obvious defects: the equipment required to be configured in the scheme (1) is increased, and the cost investment is obviously increased. The number of hydraulic presses required by the scheme (2) is reduced, the cost investment is low, but the production efficiency is obviously reduced, and the moulds are required to be frequently replaced in small-batch or single-piece production, so that the production efficiency is low. Particularly, in the processes of reducing and forming thick-wall steel pipes, horizontal forging of hubs and the like, which are not feasible when workpieces need to be heated, pipe ends or parts need to be heated to reduce deformation resistance and increase the fluidity of metals to increase the filling capacity, if the scheme (2) is adopted, the parts formed in the previous working procedure are placed, the temperature is reduced, and the parts need to be heated again or repeatedly, so that the cost is increased. And the quality problems of decarburization, oxidation, overburning and the like of the parts can be caused by multiple times of heating.

The Chinese patent with publication number of CN 215587755U discloses a double-station die changing mechanism, which comprises a hydraulic press slide block, a die changing push-pull oil cylinder arranged on the hydraulic press slide block, a die changing slide plate arranged below the hydraulic press slide block, a die arranged on the die changing slide plate and die clamping lockers arranged on two sides of the die changing slide plate; the number of the dies is 2 or more than 2; the die changing push-pull oil cylinder drives the die changing sliding plate to slide through the dragging support, so that the die is driven to move, and the alternate replacement of the die can be realized. The die changing mechanism is not limited by the forging ratio of the workpiece, can be used for heating, forging and forming at one time, has high qualification rate of the workpiece and improves the production efficiency; however, the following problems still remain:

1. the die changing cylinder is arranged on the inner side of the sliding block, and the die changing push-pull cylinder drives the die changing sliding plate to slide through dragging the bracket, so that the die is driven to move, and the position of the die is switched. The dragging support is of an external L-shaped structure, the upper end of the dragging support is connected with the die changing push-pull oil cylinder, the lower end of the dragging support is connected with the die changing sliding plate through a screw, clockwise moment can be generated by dragging the support when the die changing push-pull oil cylinder stretches out, anticlockwise moment can be generated by dragging the support when the die changing push-pull oil cylinder retreats, looseness is easily generated to the connecting screw due to the fact that moment occurs alternately, and a movement gap between the die changing sliding plate and the lower surface of the sliding block is changed continuously, so that the service life of the guide rail is shortened.

2. The outer wall of the die is welded with a shell forming space for cooling the die by cooling water, the flowing distance of the cooling water is short, short flow is easy, heat exchange is insufficient, and the cooling effect is poor.

3. When the drawing force is large, all drawing forces are borne by the die flange screws and the guide rail screws, so that the drawing is easy to cause, and hidden danger in the aspect of safety exists.

Disclosure of Invention

The utility model aims to overcome the problems in the prior art, and provides a multi-station automatic switching horizontal hydraulic machine, which can realize multi-station automatic switching extrusion and forging processes on the same machine tool, save equipment input cost and improve production efficiency.

In order to solve the technical problems, the horizontal hydraulic press capable of automatically switching multiple stations comprises cross beams connected with two ends of an upper upright post and a lower upright post, main cylinders are respectively arranged in the middle of the cross beams, the front ends of plungers of the two main cylinders are respectively connected with the rear sides of main sliding blocks, the front ends of the main sliding blocks are respectively provided with an opening and are embedded with a die holder, the die holder is provided with at least two die mounting holes along the left-right direction, dies are respectively arranged in the die mounting holes, and the lower part of the die holder and the main sliding blocks are guided by guide flat keys extending along the left-right direction; the top of the die holder is provided with a die holder support lug, the die holder support lug is hinged with the free end of a piston rod of a die changing cylinder, and the die changing cylinder extends along the left-right direction and the bottom of the die changing cylinder is fixed on the main sliding block; the middle part of last stand is installed and is pressed the hydro-cylinder, the piston rod lower extreme of press the hydro-cylinder is connected with and compresses tightly the slider, the lower terminal surface of compressing tightly the slider presses the top of the upper half of compact heap, the lower half bottom of compact heap is fixed on the workstation, the middle part at the stand is fixed down to the bottom of workstation.

As an improvement of the utility model, a pair of slide block rollers are respectively arranged below the left side and the right side of the main slide block, the slide block rollers are respectively supported on roller guide rails, and the roller guide rails are fixed at the top of the lower upright post.

As a further improvement of the utility model, water jackets are respectively arranged in the die mounting holes of the die holder, the dies are respectively arranged in the inner holes of the water jackets, and the outer sides of the die holder are provided with cooling water inlet and outlet holes communicated with the outer walls of the water jackets.

As a further improvement of the utility model, the four corners of the pressing slide block are respectively provided with a vertical guide rod, each vertical guide rod respectively penetrates through the corresponding guide sleeve of the clamping bracket, and the clamping bracket is fixed between the front upright post and the rear upright post.

Compared with the prior art, the utility model has the following beneficial effects: the multi-station automatic switching extrusion and forging can be realized on the same machine tool, the equipment investment cost is low, the production efficiency is high, the repeated heating of the workpiece is avoided, and the quality problems of decarburization, oxidation, overburning and the like of the part are avoided.

Drawings

The utility model will now be described in further detail with reference to the drawings and the detailed description, which are provided for reference and illustration only and are not intended to limit the utility model.

FIG. 1 is a front view of a multi-station auto-switching horizontal hydraulic press of the present utility model;

FIG. 2 is a cross-sectional view taken along line A-A of FIG. 1;

FIG. 3 is a perspective view of a main slider of the present utility model;

FIG. 4 is a front view of FIG. 3;

FIG. 5 is a top view of FIG. 4;

FIG. 6 is a diagram of a driving mechanism of a die holder according to the present utility model;

FIG. 7 is a left side view of FIG. 6;

FIG. 8 is a cross-sectional view of a water jacket and mold portion of the present utility model;

in the figure: 1. a cross beam; 2. a master cylinder; 3. an upper upright post; 4. a main slider; 5. a vertical pull rod; 6. a vertical guide rod; 7. a compression cylinder; 8. a pressing slide block; 9. a compaction block; 10. a workpiece; 11. a work table; 12. a lower upright post; 13. a large nut; 14. a cross pull rod; 15. a slider guide rail; 16. an adjusting mechanism; 17. a slide block roller; 18. a roller guide rail; 19. a pressure bearing backing plate; 20. guiding a flat key; 21. a die holder; 21a, die holder lugs; 21b, cooling water inlet and outlet holes; 22. an upper limit pressing plate; 23. a lower limit pressing plate; 24. a water jacket; 24a, spiral grooves; 24b, an annular groove; 25. a mold; 26. and (5) replacing the die cylinder.

Detailed Description

In the following description of the present utility model, the terms "upper", "lower", "front", "rear", "left", "right", "inner", "outer", and the like indicate orientations or positional relationships based on the orientations or positional relationships shown in the drawings, and are merely for convenience in describing the present utility model and simplifying the description, and do not mean that the device must have a specific orientation.

The utility model is further described with reference to the following detailed drawings in order to make the technical means, the creation characteristics, the achievement of the purpose and the effect of the implementation of the utility model easy to understand.

Unless defined otherwise, all technical and scientific terms used herein have the same meaning as commonly understood by one of ordinary skill in the art to which this utility model belongs. The terminology used herein in the description of the utility model is for the purpose of describing particular embodiments only and is not intended to be limiting of the utility model.

As shown in fig. 1 to 8, the multi-station automatic switching horizontal hydraulic press of the utility model comprises a cross beam 1, an upper upright 3, a lower upright 12, a master cylinder 2, a main sliding block 4, a compression cylinder 7, a compression sliding block 8, a compression block 9 and a workbench 11, wherein the cross beam 1 is positioned at two ends of the upper upright 3 and the lower upright 12, a transverse pull rod 14 penetrates through the cross beam 1 and the uprights, and two ends are screwed with large nuts 13 to compress the cross beam 1. The upper upright post 3 and the lower upright post 12 are connected with each other through two vertical pull rods 5, so that the hydraulic press has higher strength and rigidity.

In accordance with the conventional practice in the art, the present utility model refers to the pressing direction of the main slider 4 as "front", the returning direction of the main slider 4 as "rear", and the thickness direction of the cross member 1 as the left-right direction. The middle part of the beam 1 is respectively provided with a main cylinder 2, the front ends of plungers of the two main cylinders 2 are respectively connected with the rear side of the main sliding block 4, the front ends of the main sliding block 4 are respectively provided with an opening and are embedded with a die holder 21, the die holder 21 is of a square structure, the die holder 21 is provided with two stations or a plurality of stations along the left-right direction, namely at least two die mounting holes, and the die 25 is respectively arranged in each die mounting hole.

A pair of slide rollers 17 are respectively arranged below the left side and the right side of the main slide 4, and each slide roller 17 is respectively provided with an adjusting mechanism 16 which is used for adjusting the level of the main slide 4 through screws. Because the weight of the main slide block 4 is large and the mold seat 21 extends forwards, the gravity centers of the whole main slide block 4 and the mold 25 are not positioned in the center of the slide block guide rail 15, the upper and lower positions of the slide block guide rail 15 are difficult to adjust through wedge blocks, and the design of rollers and adjusting screws is more convenient. The slider rollers 17 may be directly supported on roller rails 18, respectively, with the roller rails 18 being fixed to the top of the lower upright 12.

A pressure bearing pad 19 is arranged between the rear surface of the die holder 21 and the main sliding block 4, the lower part of the die holder 21 and the main sliding block 4 are guided by a guide flat key 20 extending along the left-right direction, the guide flat key 20 is connected with the sliding block by a counter bore screw, a copper guide plate is also fixed below the die holder 21, a guide pair is formed by the copper guide plate and a guide rail below the main sliding block 4, and the die holder 21 can slide in the left-right direction in the main sliding block 4.

The working face, that is, the front end face of the main sliding block 4 is designed into an opening shape, a die holder is installed in the main sliding block, a double station or a plurality of stations are respectively designed on the die holder, and each station is respectively provided with a die mounting hole. The force center of the extrusion station of the die 25 is always located on the pressure center line of the hydraulic press.

The movement of the die holder 21 is realized by pushing and pulling the die changing cylinder 26, the top of the die holder 21 is provided with a die holder support lug 21a, the die holder support lug 21a is hinged with the free end of a piston rod of the die changing cylinder 26, the die changing cylinder 26 extends along the left-right direction, and the bottom is fixed on the main sliding block 4. The two ends of the die changing cylinder 26 are hinged, so that installation and machining errors are eliminated, and the lateral force of the die changing cylinder 26 is eliminated. The plate of the main slide block 4 connected with the die changing cylinder 26 is provided with an elongated hole, so that the die changing cylinder 26 is prevented from being interfered during movement.

The middle part of the upper upright post 3 is provided with a pressing cylinder 7, the lower end of a piston rod of the pressing cylinder 7 is connected with a pressing sliding block 8, four corners of the pressing sliding block 8 are respectively fixed with a vertical guide rod 6, each vertical guide rod 6 respectively penetrates through a corresponding guide sleeve of the clamping support, and the front end and the rear end of the clamping support are fixed between the two upper upright posts, so that the accurate direction when the pressing cylinder 7 drives the pressing sliding block 8 to lift is ensured.

The lower end face of the pressing sliding block 8 is pressed on the top of the upper semicircle of the pressing block 9, the T-shaped groove is fixed, the bottom of the lower semicircle of the pressing block 9 is fixed on the workbench 11, and the bottom of the workbench 11 is fixed in the middle of the lower upright post 12.

The water jackets 24 are respectively arranged in the die mounting holes of the die holder 21, the dies 25 are respectively arranged in the inner holes of the water jackets 24, and the die holder end gland presses the dies 25 without loosening.

The outer wall of the water jacket 24 is provided with a spiral groove 24a coiled along the cylindrical surface, cooling water advances along the spiral groove 24a, cooling area and cooling water circulation are increased, and annular grooves 24b at two ends of the water jacket 24 are embedded with high-temperature-resistant fluororubber rings to realize sealing with the die holder. In particular, the high temperature of the part during hot extrusion, and the heat transfer to the die 25, reduces the hardness and strength of the die. The outside of the die holder is provided with a cooling water inlet and outlet hole 21b which is communicated with the outer wall of the water jacket, and the water is introduced into and discharged from the die holder to cool the die 25.

When extrusion of one station is completed, the main slide block 4 is retracted, the workpiece 10 is pressed by the press slide block and the pressing block 9, the workpiece 10 is separated from the die 25, the die changing cylinder 26 pushes the die holder to move, and extrusion is switched to a second extrusion station to carry out extrusion of the second station. The die holder can also be provided as three or more stations, and the switching station only needs to push the die holder to the pressure center of the hydraulic press slide block by the die changing cylinder 26. After all the procedures are finished, the die holder is retracted to the rightmost end, and extrusion of the next batch is carried out.

An upper limit pressing plate 22 and a lower limit pressing plate 23 are respectively arranged on the upper side and the lower side of the front end surface of the main sliding block 4, L-shaped limit is respectively arranged at the left end and the right end of the upper limit pressing plate 22 and the lower limit pressing plate 23, the demolding sliding block is prevented from falling out of the sliding block opening space, and meanwhile the limit pressing plate also plays a role in compacting the demolding sliding block.

Under the guidance of the vertical guide rod 6 and the guide sleeve thereof, the compressing cylinder 7 in the middle of the upper upright post 3 pushes the compressing sliding block 8 to compress the compressing block 9, and the workpiece 10 is compressed by the compressing block 9 and keeps still all the time in the whole multi-station extrusion process. The die holder moves left and right to switch different stations under the drive of the die changing cylinder 26, so that the working efficiency can be improved. The multi-station die-holder extrusion process is particularly suitable for multi-station extrusion processes in which the pipe ends need to be heated, the extruded part is kept at a higher temperature once, and when the extrusion is performed next time, the station of the die holder can be rapidly switched by pushing through the die changing cylinder 26, so that the extrusion is performed next time, the efficiency is improved, the repeated secondary heating is avoided, and the molding quality is improved.

The foregoing description of the preferred embodiments of the present utility model illustrates and describes the basic principles, main features and advantages of the present utility model, and is not intended to limit the scope of the present utility model, as it should be understood by those skilled in the art that the present utility model is not limited to the above-described embodiments. In addition to the embodiments described above, other embodiments of the utility model are possible without departing from the spirit and scope of the utility model. The utility model also has various changes and improvements, and all technical schemes formed by adopting equivalent substitution or equivalent transformation fall within the protection scope of the utility model. The scope of the utility model is defined by the appended claims and equivalents thereof. The technical features of the present utility model that are not described may be implemented by or using the prior art, and are not described herein.

Claims (4)

1. The utility model provides a horizontal hydraulic press of multistation automatic switch-over, includes the crossbeam of connecting at last stand and lower stand both ends, and the master cylinder is installed respectively to the middle part of crossbeam, and the plunger front end of two master cylinders links to each other with the rear side of main slider respectively, its characterized in that: the front end of the main sliding block is respectively provided with an opening and is embedded with a die holder, the die holder is provided with at least two die mounting holes along the left-right direction, dies are respectively arranged in the die mounting holes, and the lower part of the die holder and the main sliding block are guided by a guide flat key extending along the left-right direction;

the top of the die holder is provided with a die holder support lug, the die holder support lug is hinged with the free end of a piston rod of a die changing cylinder, and the die changing cylinder extends along the left-right direction and the bottom of the die changing cylinder is fixed on the main sliding block;

the middle part of last stand is installed and is pressed the hydro-cylinder, the piston rod lower extreme of press the hydro-cylinder is connected with and compresses tightly the slider, the lower terminal surface of compressing tightly the slider presses the top of the upper half of compact heap, the lower half bottom of compact heap is fixed on the workstation, the middle part at the stand is fixed down to the bottom of workstation.

2. The multi-station auto-switching horizontal hydraulic press of claim 1, wherein: a pair of slider rollers are respectively installed below the left side and the right side of the main slider, the slider rollers are respectively supported on roller guide rails, and the roller guide rails are fixed at the top of the lower upright post.

3. The multi-station auto-switching horizontal hydraulic press of claim 1, wherein: the die comprises a die seat, a die, a cooling water inlet and outlet hole and a cooling water outlet hole, wherein the die mounting hole of the die seat is internally provided with a water jacket respectively, the die is respectively arranged in an inner hole of the water jacket, and the cooling water inlet and outlet hole is arranged on the outer side of the die seat and communicated with the outer wall of the water jacket.

4. A multi-station auto-switching horizontal hydraulic machine according to any one of claims 1 to 3, characterized in that: the four corners of the pressing slide block are respectively provided with a vertical guide rod, each vertical guide rod respectively penetrates through a corresponding guide sleeve of the clamping support, and the clamping support is fixed between the front upper upright post and the rear upper upright post.

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