CN219181174U - Protection device with timing protection and inverse time protection and excitation protection device - Google Patents

Abstract

The utility model relates to the field of circuit protection, in particular to a protection device and an excitation protection device with timing protection and inverse timing protection, which comprise the following components: the device comprises a first melt, a first conductor, a second conductor, a limiting device, a driving device and more than one group of cutting devices, wherein the first conductor and the second conductor are connected with the first melt in series; at least one set of cutting devices is arranged corresponding to the first melt; the driving device is an electromagnetic driving device or the combination of an elastic driving device and the electromagnetic driving device; when the current flowing between the first conductor and the second conductor exceeds a set threshold value, the driving device drives the cutting device arranged corresponding to the first melt to overcome the action of the limiting device, so as to cut off the first melt. According to the technical scheme provided by the utility model, the protection device has small contact resistance and overload protection function, and can rapidly disconnect a circuit to realize protection; when the self-excitation trigger signal is applied to the excitation protection device, the overload protection capability can be provided, and the self-excitation trigger signal is provided for the excitation source.

Description

Protection device with timing protection and inverse time protection and excitation protection device

Technical Field

The present utility model relates to the field of circuit protection, for example, to a circuit protection device that is mechanically opened, and more particularly, to a protection device that has both time-lapse protection and inverse-time-lapse protection, and an excitation protection device.

Background

The existing circuit protection device has two types of products, namely fixed time limit protection and inverse time limit protection.

When the circuit fails, the timing protection device separates the contacts forming a loop by using an internal mechanical structure, so as to cut off the current protection circuit. Such as a circuit protection device integrating the protection functions of an excitation fuse and a relay as disclosed in chinese patent 2022202634529. The protection device can rapidly break the circuit when the current reaches a certain value or above. But has the following problems due to the internal structure thereof: 1. when large fault current occurs, the internal contact is easy to be welded and adhered, so that breaking failure is caused, and large loss is generated; 2. the contact is used for connecting and conducting the circuit, larger contact resistance exists between the contacts, and the product temperature rise and the energy consumption are high; 3. such products do not have overload protection.

The inverse time limit protection device utilizes the internal melt to flow through the current heating fusing to break the fault current, such as a fuse disclosed in Chinese patent 2021221358089. The breaking time of the protection device is shortened along with the increase of fault current, so that the breaking small fault current is slow and the protection is not timely.

Disclosure of Invention

The utility model aims to solve the technical problem of providing a protection device and an excitation protection device which have timing protection and inverse timing protection simultaneously, wherein a main loop is formed by conducting connection of a first conductor, a first melt and a second conductor, the connection stability is improved by adopting a mode that the first melt is connected with the main loop, the contact resistance is reduced, and the temperature rise and the energy consumption of a product are reduced; the melt in the series connection of the main loop can be fused after a period of time when the circuit is overloaded, so that the product has overload protection capability, and meanwhile, when fault current occurs, the first melt can be cut off by the protection device provided by the utility model, and the circuit is disconnected. When the self-excitation trigger signal is applied to the excitation protection device, the overload protection capability can be provided, and the self-excitation trigger signal is provided for the excitation source.

In order to solve the technical problems, the technical scheme provided by the utility model is a protection device with timing protection and inverse timing protection, comprising: a first conductor, a second conductor, a first melt connected in series between the first conductor and the second conductor, and a limiting device, a driving device and a cutting device; the number of the cutting devices is more than one group, and at least one group of the cutting devices is arranged corresponding to the first melt position; the cutting device can be driven by the driving device; the limiting device limits the initial position of the cutting device; the driving device is an electromagnetic driving device or the combination of an elastic driving device and the electromagnetic driving device; when the current flowing between the first conductor and the second conductor exceeds a set threshold, the driving device drives the cutting device corresponding to the first melt to overcome the action of the limiting device so as to cut off the first melt.

Preferably, when the driving device is an electromagnetic driving device, the electromagnetic driving device comprises a magnetic yoke structure, a moving component structure capable of interacting with the magnetic yoke structure under the action of magnetic field force, and the cutting device arranged on the moving component structure; when the current flowing between the first conductor and the second conductor exceeds the set threshold, the magnetic yoke structure drives the moving assembly structure to act to overcome the limit of the limiting device, and drives the cutting device arranged on the moving assembly structure to cut off the first melt.

Preferably, when the driving device is a combination of an elastic driving device and an electromagnetic driving device, the cutting device is arranged on the elastic driving device, and the limiting device is arranged on the elastic driving device and can limit the initial positions of the elastic driving device and the cutting device arranged on the elastic driving device; when the current flowing between the first conductor and the second conductor exceeds the set threshold, the electromagnetic driving device drives the limiting device to release the limit of the elastic driving device, and at least one group of cutting devices arranged on the elastic driving device cut off the first melt under the driving of the elastic driving device.

Preferably, the elastic force driving device and the cutting device arranged thereon are arranged in one of the following ways: the elastic driving device is positioned in the electromagnetic driving device, and the cutting device arranged on the elastic driving device is arranged through the moving component structure of the electromagnetic driving device; or, the elastic force driving device and the cutting device arranged on the elastic force driving device are all positioned outside the electromagnetic driving device.

Preferably, the number of the elastic driving devices is at least two, and each group of elastic driving devices is respectively provided with a group of cutting devices and a group of limiting devices; each group of elastic driving devices and the cutting devices arranged on the elastic driving devices are limited by a corresponding group of limiting devices; when the current flowing between the first conductor and the second conductor exceeds the set threshold, the electromagnetic driving device drives each group of limiting devices to release the corresponding limit of each group of elastic driving devices and cutting devices, wherein one group of cutting devices cuts off the first melt, and the rest of cutting devices cut off the first conductor or the second conductor or other melts connected with the first conductor and the second conductor in series.

Preferably, the limiting devices of each group are connected through a linkage piece.

Preferably, the elastic driving device comprises a guide post, a spring with an initial state of compression or extension is arranged on the guide post, one end of the guide post is connected with the cutting device corresponding to the elastic driving device, and the limiting device corresponding to the elastic driving device limits the initial position of the guide post.

Preferably, the electromagnetic driving device comprises a magnetic yoke structure and a moving assembly structure which can interact with the magnetic yoke structure under the action of magnetic force, wherein a push rod is arranged on the moving assembly structure, and the push rod can drive the limiting device to release limit under the action of electromagnetic force.

Preferably, the limiting device is a limiting piece provided with a limiting hole, a limiting groove is formed in the peripheral surface of the guide post, one side of the limiting hole in the limiting piece is clamped on the limiting groove, and a displacement distance is reserved between the other side of the limiting hole and the limiting groove; when the electromagnetic driving device acts under the action of electromagnetic force, the push rod can push the limiting piece to displace, so that the limiting hole on the limiting piece is separated from contact with the limiting groove, and the limiting of the cutting device is released.

Preferably, one end of the limiting piece is connected with a limiting spring, and the initial position of the limiting piece is limited by the limiting spring.

Preferably, a second melt is connected in parallel to the first melt.

Preferably, the second melt fuse is located in the arc extinguishing medium.

The utility model also provides an excitation protection device with timing protection and inverse timing protection, which comprises: the protection device comprises at least one group of excitation sources and at least one group of piston structures; the signal receiving end of the excitation source is connected with the first melt in parallel through a self-excitation circuit to receive a trigger signal, or/and the signal receiving end of the excitation source is connected with an external trigger signal source to receive a trigger signal; when the excitation sources are more than two, the connection modes of the signal receiving ends of all the excitation sources comprise one of the following modes: all signal receiving ends of the excitation sources are connected with the first melt in parallel through a self-excitation circuit; the signal receiving ends of all the excitation sources are connected with an external trigger signal source; the signal receiving ends of all the excitation sources are connected with the first melt in parallel through a self-excitation circuit, and meanwhile, the signal receiving ends of all the excitation sources are connected with an external trigger signal source; a part of all the excitation sources are connected with the first melt in parallel through a self-excitation circuit, and the other part of all the excitation sources are connected with an external trigger signal source; and the excitation source acts according to the received trigger signal to drive the piston structure to act so as to disconnect the first conductor or the second conductor.

Preferably, a melt is connected in parallel to the first or second conductor which is broken by the piston structure, and the melt is melted out in the extinguishing medium.

According to the technical scheme provided by the utility model, in the protection device, the first melt is connected in series between the first conductor and the second conductor of the main loop to protect the main loop of the circuit system, so that the fault current is dealt with, and the inverse time limit protection is realized; and, by being arranged in correspondence with the first melt position and being drivable by the driving means; limiting device limits the initial position of the cutting device; when the fault current occurs, the fault current is lower than a set threshold value, and after a period of time, the first melt is fused when the temperature of the first melt rises to the fusing temperature, and the circuit is disconnected to realize circuit protection; when the current flowing between the first conductor and the second conductor exceeds a set threshold, the driving device acts to drive the cutting device to overcome the action of the limiting device, and the first melt is cut off, so that timing protection is realized. According to the technical scheme provided by the utility model, in the circuit protection process, the circuit protection device has two protection modes, namely the timing protection and the inverse time protection, is safer and more reliable, and expands the current range which can be protected by the circuit protection device.

The utility model has the beneficial effects that:

1) The first conductor, the first melt and the second conductor are connected in a conductive way to form a main loop, and the first melt is connected with the main loop to improve connection stability, reduce contact resistance and reduce temperature rise and energy consumption of products;

2) The electromagnetic and elastic force are combined, so that impact force caused by high-pressure gas generated by explosion of the electronic ignition device is avoided, and the working reliability and safety of the protection device are improved.

3) The melt in the series connection of the main loop can be fused for a period of time when the circuit is overloaded, so that the product has overload protection capability;

4) When fault current occurs, the protection device cuts off the first melt mechanically, so that the main loop is in a high-impedance state, and the response speed is improved.

5) In combination with an excitation protection device, when the current exceeds a set threshold, the first melt is cut off, causing a high impedance state to be present between the first conductor and the second conductor (that is, when the cutting device cuts off the first melt, the voltage value between the first conductor and the second conductor increases, or the voltage value between the first conductor and the second conductor is greater when the first melt is cut off, and the voltage value across the first melt is greater before the first melt is cut off), thereby providing a voltage signal to an excitation source of the excitation protection device, cutting off a main loop (for example, cutting off the first conductor or the second conductor), and improving timing protection capability. The voltage for disconnecting the first melt of the protection device is used as a self-excitation trigger signal for exciting the protection device, and simultaneously, the external trigger signal can be combined to realize an active disconnection circuit and a passive disconnection circuit of the protection device, so that the working reliability of the protection device is improved.

6) The arc extinguishing capability of the product is improved by connecting the two ends of the first melt in parallel with the second melt. The breaking capacity and the arc extinguishing capacity are further improved by connecting the melt in parallel to the broken first conductor or second conductor.

Drawings

Fig. 1 is a schematic perspective view of embodiment 1.

Fig. 2 is a schematic side view of embodiment 1.

Fig. 3 is a schematic view of the cross-sectional A-A structure of fig. 2.

Fig. 4 is another angular side view structural schematic of embodiment 1.

Fig. 5 is a schematic view of the cross-sectional B-B structure of fig. 4.

Fig. 6 is a schematic side view of the structure of embodiment 2.

Fig. 7 is a schematic view of the cross-sectional A-A configuration of fig. 6.

Fig. 8 is another angular side view structural schematic of embodiment 2.

Fig. 9 is a schematic view of the cross-sectional B-B structure of fig. 8.

Fig. 10 is a schematic view of the structure after the operation of fig. 7.

Fig. 11 is a schematic view of the structure after the operation of fig. 9.

Fig. 12 is a schematic perspective view of the initial position of embodiment 3.

Fig. 13 is a schematic side view of the structure of fig. 12.

Fig. 14 is a schematic view of the cross-sectional A-A configuration of fig. 13.

Fig. 15 is a schematic diagram of the structure after the operation of fig. 14.

Fig. 16 is another angular side view schematic of the actuated structure of fig. 12.

FIG. 17 is a schematic view of the B-B cross-sectional structure of FIG. 16.

Fig. 18 is a schematic structural diagram of embodiment 4.

Fig. 19 is a schematic top view of the double-break device of embodiment 5.

Fig. 20 is a schematic view of section A-A of fig. 19 (without the linkage).

Fig. 21 is a schematic view of section B-B of fig. 19.

Fig. 22 is a schematic view of the structure of embodiment 6 applied to an excitation fuse.

Fig. 23 is a schematic view of the spring force actuator, the electromagnetic actuator and the first melt structure of fig. 22.

Fig. 24 is a schematic view of the excitation source, piston structure and first conductor of fig. 22.

Fig. 25 is a schematic top view of embodiment 7.

Fig. 26 is a schematic cross-sectional view A-A of fig. 25.

FIG. 27 is a schematic sectional view of B-B of FIG. 26.

Detailed Description

The above technical solution, the preferred embodiments are now described in detail with reference to the drawings.

Example 1

The protection device of the present utility model, referring to fig. 1 to 4, comprises a housing 100 of the protection device, a first conductor 10, a first melt 20, a second conductor 30, which are connected in series in order, through which an electric current flows. The other ends of the first conductor and the second conductor, which are not connected to the first melt, serve as connection ends that are electrically connectable to an external circuit.

Also included is an electromagnetic drive comprising a magnetizer 40 and a moving assembly structure 50 that can interact with magnetic field forces. One end of the moving assembly structure 50 is rotatably arranged on the housing 100, and the other end can act under the action of magnetic force. The moving assembly structure 50 is: a moving-element structure housing 51 having an electrically insulating material, and a metal 52, such as iron, capable of reacting with an electromagnetic field is provided on the moving-element structure housing 51; one end of the moving-element housing 51 is rotatably connected to the protector housing 100. The movable assembly structure housing 51 is provided with a cutting device 60 which is made of an electrically insulating material, the cutting device 60 protrudes out of one side of the movable assembly structure 51 close to the first melt 20, and two sides of the width of the cutter device are respectively extended out of two sides of the width of the first melt 20 by proper distances.

For the initial position of the moving assembly structure 50, the limiting structure is realized by a limiting structure, and the limiting structure can be realized by various means such as structural limiting, mechanical movement limiting and the like. When a magnetic field force is generated on the magnetizer 40 due to the current flowing through it, the magnetic field force may act on the movable assembly structure 50.

In the initial position, the moving assembly structure 50 and the magnetizer 40 are respectively located at two sides of the first melt, that is, the first melt is located between the magnetizer 40 and the moving assembly structure 50, and the moving assembly structure 50 is limited by a limiting device. When the current exceeds the set threshold, the magnetic field force generated by the magnetizer 40 acts on the moving assembly structure 50, the moving assembly structure 50 overcomes the limiting structure and drives the cutting device 60 to move towards the magnetizer 40, and in the moving process, the cutting device 60 cuts off the first melt 20, so that the main circuit is disconnected. Because the shell 51 and the cutting device 60 are made of electrically insulating materials, and the width of the cutting device 60 is wider than that of the first melt 20, after the first melt 20 is cut, the metal 52 of the moving component structure 50 will not contact the first conductor and the second conductor, and an insulating distance is kept between the metal 52 and the first conductor and the second conductor.

Working principle:

when the current exceeds the set threshold, the magnetic field force generated by the magnetizer 40 acts on the movable assembly structure 50, and drives the movable assembly structure 50 to drive the cutting device 60 to act together, the cutting device 60 cuts off the first melt 20, a high-impedance state is formed between the first conductor and the second conductor, or the electric connection between the first conductor and the second conductor is cut off, so that the circuit is disconnected, and protection is realized.

When the current does not exceed the set threshold value, but the current belongs to the overload current, the first melt 20 is fused in a certain time, and the generated arc is smaller due to smaller fault current, so that the circuit can be disconnected after the first melt 20 is fused, and overload protection is realized.

Example 2

The modification is made on the basis of embodiment 1 in that the cutting device 60 is not directly mounted on the moving assembly structure 50 on the electromagnetic drive. Referring to fig. 6 to 11, the protection device of the present embodiment 2 includes a housing 100 of the protection device, a first conductor 10, a first melt 20, and a second conductor 30 connected in series, through which a current mainly flows. The first conductor and the second conductor may be electrically connected to an external circuit.

The electromagnetic drive includes a magnetizer 40 and a moving assembly structure 50 that can interact with magnetic field forces. In the initial position, the magnetic conductor 40 and the moving assembly structure 50 are located on opposite sides of the first melt 20, respectively. One end of the moving assembly structure 50 is rotatably arranged on the housing 100, and the other end can act under the action of magnetic force. The moving assembly structure 50 is: a moving-element structure housing 51 having an electrically insulating material, a metal member 52, such as iron, capable of reacting with an electromagnetic field being provided on the moving-element structure housing 51; one end of the moving-element housing 51 is rotatably connected to the protector housing 100. The movable assembly structure 50 is provided with a through hole through which the cutting device 60 passes. A push rod 53 is provided on the through hole side of the moving assembly structure 50, the push rod 53 being located on the side remote from the first melt 20. When the magnetizer 40 generates electromagnetic force, the moving assembly structure 50 can rotate relative to the protecting device housing 100 under the action of the electromagnetic force, so as to drive the push rod 53 to act.

The cutting device 60 is connected to the spring force driving device. The elastic force driving device comprises a guide rod 61, a fixed plate 63 and a spring 64; the limiting means is a limiting member 62.

In the initial position, the cutting device 60 is inserted into the through hole of the moving assembly structure 50, the cutting device 60 is connected with the guide rod 61, the guide rod 61 is limited in initial position by the limiting piece 62, the limiting piece 62 is supported by the fixing plate 63, and the fixing plate 63 is supported by the supporting column and locked by the locking piece 631. A spring 64 is provided between the fixing plate 63 and the cutting device 60, and the spring 64 is a compression device in the initial position. The guide rod 61 is provided with a limit groove, and the inner diameter of a limit hole of the limit piece 62 for the guide rod 61 to penetrate is larger than the outer diameter of the guide rod 61. When the edge of the limiting hole of the limiting piece 62 is positioned in the limiting groove of the guide rod 61, the limiting piece 62 is pressed on the fixing plate 63 under the action of the elastic force of the spring 64, so that the position of the guide rod 61 is limited. Fig. 6 to 11 show that the spring force drive means and the cutting means thereon are located in the electromagnetic drive means, the cutting means 60 being arranged through the through hole of the moving assembly structure 50.

The limiting piece 62 is provided with a blocking wall 621 outside the push rod 53, the push rod 53 is located between the blocking wall 621 and the guide rod 61, and when the push rod 53 is driven by the moving component structure 50 to act, the blocking wall 621 is abutted to drive the limiting piece 62 to displace, so that a limiting ring groove of the guide rod 61 is separated from contact with a through hole of the limiting piece 62, and limiting is released. In the initial position, the cutting device 60 is inserted into the through hole of the moving component structure 50. Working principle of example 2:

when the current exceeds the set threshold value, the electromagnetic force generated by the magnetizer 40 of the electromagnetic driving device acts on the moving assembly structure 50 to drive the pushing rod 53 to act, the pushing rod 53 drives the limiting piece 62 of the limiting device to move, so that the limiting hole on the limiting piece 62 is separated from contact with the limiting groove on the guide rod, the limit on the guide rod 61 is released, the cutting device 60 is driven to move under the elastic force of the spring 64 of the elastic driving device to cut off the first melt 20, a high-impedance state is formed between the first conductor and the second conductor, or the electric connection between the first conductor and the second conductor is disconnected, and protection is realized.

Example 3

On the basis of example 2, the first melt 20, the elastic force drive means and cutting means 60 and the guide rod 61 are located outside the electromagnetic drive means. Referring to fig. 12 to 17, the magnetizer 40 and the moving assembly structure 50 of the electromagnetic driving device are located at two sides of the second conductor 30, the limiting piece 62 of the limiting device, the guide rod 61 and the spring 64 of the elastic driving device, and the cutting device 60 and the first melt 20 are located at the outer sides of the magnetizer 40 and the moving assembly structure 50 of the electromagnetic driving device, so that the electromagnetic driving device is prevented from being affected by actions. One end of the push rod 53 arranged on the moving assembly structure 50, which is in contact with the limiting piece 62, extends, and in the initial position, the extending end extends between the limiting piece 62 and the guide rod 61 outside the electromagnetic driving device.

The principle of operation is the same as in example 2.

Example 4

Referring to fig. 18, in the above embodiments 1 to 3, at least one second melt 70 is connected in parallel to both ends of the first melt 20, and both ends of the second melt 70 are electrically connected to the first conductor 10 and the second conductor 30, respectively. The second melt 70 may be filled with an arc suppressing medium, which may be a solid, liquid, gel, or gaseous substance, as desired, around it. The resistance of the second melt 70 is much greater than the resistance of the first conductor, the first melt, and the second conductor. Under normal operation, current flows through the circuit in which the first conductor, the first melt, and the second conductor are connected in series.

The action principle is as follows:

when the first melt 20 is disconnected by the disconnecting device 60, the current passing through the series circuit of the first conductor, the first melt and the second conductor flows through the second melt 70, the generated arc is very small when the first melt 20 is disconnected due to the fact that the current flows through the second melt 70, the current is instantly reduced in a multiple way when the second melt 70 flows through the second melt 70 due to the fact that the resistance of the second melt 70 is far larger than that of the first melt, the circuit is thoroughly disconnected after the second melt 70 is fused, the generated arc is relatively small due to the fact that the current flowing through the second melt 70 is reduced in multiple way, and meanwhile, the generated arc can be extinguished quickly due to the fact that an arc extinguishing medium participates in arc extinction. Thus, by connecting the second melt 70 in parallel, the arc extinguishing capability of the protection device can be improved.

Example 5

Is an application of example 2 in a mechanically opened fuse. The first conductor 10 is composed of a third melt 71, and two conductors (10 a, 10 b) connected in series by the third melt 71. A fourth melt 72 is connected in parallel to the third melt 71, and the fourth melt 72 is filled with an arc extinguishing medium. The resistance value of fourth melt 72 is much greater than the resistance value of third melt 71. Under normal operating conditions, current flows through conductor 10a, third melt 71, conductor 10b, first melt 20, and second conductor 30. Referring to fig. 19 to 21, a set of elastic driving means and cutting means 60 is provided on the side of the third melt 71. The elastic force driving means and the cutting means on the side of the third melt 71 are the same in structure as those on the side of the first melt 20. The cutting devices are provided with stoppers 62 for the stopper. The two limiting members 62 are connected by a linkage rod 65, and the center part of the linkage rod 65 is rotatably connected with a rotating shaft 66 arranged on a shell 100 on the protection device.

Working principle:

under normal operation, current flows through the first conductor 10, the third melt 71, the first melt 20, and the second conductor 30. When the current flowing through the third melt 71, the first melt 20 and the second conductor 30 exceeds the threshold value, the moving assembly 50 of the electromagnetic driving device moves towards the direction of the magnetic conductor 40 under the action of the electromagnetic force of the magnetic conductor 40, drives the push rod 53 to move, pushes the limiting piece 62 arranged on the cutting device 60 on the first melt 20 side to perform limiting, and drives the linkage rod 65 to synchronously rotate along the rotating shaft 66 while the limiting piece 62 is displaced to release the limiting of the cutting device on the first melt 20 side, and the linkage rod 65 drives the limiting piece 62 arranged on the cutting device 60 on the third melt 71 side to synchronously move, so that the limiting of the cutting device 60 on the third melt 71 side is released; after the two cutting devices synchronously release the limit, the first melt 20 and the third melt 71 corresponding to the two cutting devices are cut off; when the first melt 20 and the third melt 71 are cut off, most of the current flows through the fourth melt 72, the fourth melt 72 melts, the circuit is completely broken, and the generated arc is extinguished by the arc extinguishing medium.

In the present embodiment, when the first melt 20 is broken, a high-resistance state is formed at the break formed by the breaking of the first melt, and then the electric circuit can be completely broken by the breaking of the third melt 71. When the fourth melt 72 is connected in parallel, the third melt 71 is disconnected, and the fourth melt 72 is fused, so that the circuit is completely disconnected.

In this embodiment, the third melt 71 is connected in series to the first conductor, and a group of elastic force driving device and cutting device are added on one side of the third melt 71, so that two breaks at the first melt and the third melt are formed on the main circuit, and the breaking capacity is improved. Instead of connecting the third melt 71 in series, a breaking weak point may be directly provided on the first conductor 10, and a group of elastic driving means and cutting means may be provided on one side of the breaking weak point, so that the breaking capacity is improved by increasing the breaking break of the main circuit at the breaking weak point on the first conductor 10. According to actual needs, a plurality of groups of elastic driving devices and corresponding cutting devices can be theoretically arranged, limiting devices of the plurality of groups of cutting devices are connected into a whole through a plurality of linkage rods, one limiting piece is driven to act, and other limiting pieces can act synchronously, so that a plurality of fractures are formed on a main circuit.

In the case of a plurality of sets of cutting devices, the distance between the cutting devices and the melt to be cut or the distance between conductors may be set to be the same or different, and the cutting devices may be simultaneously cut or sequentially cut as needed.

When a plurality of breaks need to be formed, an excitation source and a piston structure capable of breaking the conductor as in example 6 may be added on the basis of the present embodiment.

Example 6

For example 2 application in an energized fuse. The third melt 71 is not connected in parallel to the first conductor 10, the mechanical breaking weak point 10c is directly formed on the first conductor 10, and referring to fig. 22 to 24, the fourth melt 72 is connected in parallel to two ends of the mechanical breaking weak point 10c of the first conductor 10, the fused part of the fourth melt 72 is arranged in an arc extinguishing medium, and according to actual needs, the fourth melt 72 can also not be connected in parallel to the first conductor 10. A piston structure 82 and an excitation source 81 are provided on the side of the mechanical break 10c of the first conductor 10. The excitation source is an electronic ignition device, and can ignite and release high-pressure gas as driving force according to the trigger signal. The excitation source 81 may collect voltage signals at two ends of the first melt 20 as trigger signals through a self-excitation circuit (not shown) connected in parallel at two ends of the first melt 20, or may be connected with an external trigger source to provide trigger signals for the excitation source 81. Because the resistance of the first melt 20 is very small, in a normal working state, the voltage at the first melt 20 is very low, and the excitation source 81 cannot be triggered to work; when the first melt 20 is fused or cut off, the resistance of the first melt 20 is increased in a moment and the voltage of the first melt is increased in a moment, and the self-excitation circuit sends a voltage signal to the excitation source 81 as a trigger signal to trigger the action of the voltage signal after the first melt 20 is disconnected.

The working principle is as follows:

under normal operating conditions, current flows through the first conductor 10, the first melt 20, and the second conductor 30. When the current exceeds the threshold value, the moving assembly 50 of the electromagnetic driving device moves towards the direction of the magnetizer 40 under the action of the electromagnetic force of the magnetizer 40, drives the push rod 53 to act, pushes the limiting piece 62 arranged on the cutting device 60 at one side of the first melt 20 to act, and releases the limiting of the cutting device at one side of the first melt 20 by the movement displacement of the limiting piece 62; then, under the action of the spring 64 of the elastic force driving device, the cutting device 60 is driven to cut off the corresponding first melt 20; after the first melt 20 is disconnected, a voltage signal which is instantaneously raised at the fracture of the first melt 20 is collected from an excitation circuit and is used as a trigger signal to be sent to an excitation source 81, the excitation source 81 acts to provide high-pressure gas driving force for a piston structure 82, the piston structure 82 cuts off a mechanical disconnection weak part 10c of the first conductor 10, current flows through a fourth melt 72, the current passing through the fourth melt 72 is instantaneously reduced due to the fact that the resistance of the fourth melt 72 is far greater than that of the first conductor 10, meanwhile, the fourth melt 72 is fused, arc energy generated by fusing is reduced in multiple, and the generated arc is extinguished through an arc extinguishing medium arranged at the fourth melt 72.

Example 7

For one application of the protection device in the excitation protection device. Referring to fig. 25 to 27, the first conductor and the second conductor are arranged in a U-shaped structure.

At least one excitation source 81 and a corresponding piston structure 82 are additionally arranged on one side of the first conductor 10, and a trigger signal receiving end of the excitation source 81 is connected with a self-excitation circuit 83 connected in parallel with two ends of the first melt 20. Because the resistance of the first melt 20 is very small, in a normal working state, the voltage at the first melt 20 is very low, and the excitation source 81 cannot be triggered to work; when the first melt 20 is fused or cut off, the resistance of the first melt 20 is increased in a moment and the voltage of the first melt is increased in a moment and a moment, and the self-excitation circuit 83 sends a voltage signal after the first melt 20 is disconnected to the excitation source 81 as a trigger signal to trigger the action of the voltage signal.

The trigger signal receiving terminal of the excitation source 81 may be connected to an external trigger signal source as needed. A break-away weakness that reduces mechanical strength is provided at the location of the first conductor 10 corresponding to the piston structure 82. The excitation source 81 is an electronic ignition device, the excitation source trigger signal receiving end receives a trigger signal, the ignition device of the excitation source 81 heats up, the chemical substance is promoted to react and release high-pressure gas, the piston structure 82 is driven to act, and the broken weak part of the first conductor 10 is cut off to form a fracture.

In the present embodiment, the electromagnetic driving device is disposed above the cutting device 60a, the moving assembly structure 50a is disposed on one side of the stopper 62a, and the magnetizer is disposed opposite to the moving assembly structure 50 a. A spring 62b is provided at one end of the stopper 62a, and the spring 62b limits the initial position of the stopper. When the current exceeds the set threshold, the magnetic force generated by the magnetizer drives the moving assembly structure 50a to act, the moving assembly structure 50a props against the limiting piece 62a to displace, the spring 62b is propped against, and the limiting piece is used for limiting the guide rod 61 a.

A second melt 70 is connected in parallel to the first melt 20, and the second melt 70 is filled with an arc extinguishing medium. The electrical resistance of second melt 70 is much greater than the electrical resistance of first melt 20. Under normal operating conditions, current flows through the first melt 20. The second melt 70 may not be connected in parallel at the first melt 20 as needed.

When the protection device is combined with the excitation protection device and used as an excitation source trigger signal, an external trigger signal source is not used or combined with the external trigger signal source, so that the working reliability of the excitation source is improved.

In this embodiment, because the first conductor and the second conductor are in a U-shaped structure, the elastic force driving device, the electromagnetic driving device, the excitation source and the piston structure are located in the U-shaped structure formed by the first conductor and the second conductor, and meanwhile, the elastic force driving device and the electromagnetic driving device are changed to be arranged in this way, so that the fuse structure is more compact and the size is smaller.

Working principle:

under normal working condition, one end of the first conductor and one end of the second conductor are respectively connected into the protection circuit, current flows through the first conductor, the first melt and the second conductor, and the excitation source does not act.

When the current exceeds the threshold value, the magnetic field force generated by the magnetizer acts on the moving assembly structure 50a to drive the moving assembly structure to act, the limit piece is driven to displace to release the limit on the guide rod, the cutting device 60a is driven to act to cut off the first melt 20 under the action of the spring 64a, and the current flows through the first conductor, the second melt and the second conductor due to the fact that the second melt 70 is connected in parallel to the first melt 20, and at the moment, the current of the current is reduced by times; the self-excitation circuit 83 sends the voltage at the break of the first melt 20 as a trigger signal to the excitation source 81, the excitation source 81 acts to drive the piston structure 82 to act to cut off the first conductor 10 and thoroughly break the circuit. When the second melt 70 melts before the first conductor 10 breaks, the quenching medium at the second melt 70 participates in quenching. Because of the existence of the second melt, the current is reduced by times, and the arc generated by the disconnection of the first conductor or the fusing of the second melt is greatly reduced, so that the arc extinction is easier.

In example 7, the excitation source was connected in parallel at the first melt by a self-excitation circuit. According to actual needs, the excitation source can be connected with the first melt in parallel, and the excitation source is triggered only by an external trigger signal. Alternatively, several excitation sources may be provided, one or more of which are connected in parallel with the first melt through a self-excitation circuit, and the remaining excitation sources are connected with an external trigger signal source, or one or more of which are connected in parallel with the first melt and with the external trigger signal source at the same time.

In the above embodiments, the first conductor and the second conductor are only for convenience of description, and the first conductor and the second conductor may be respectively formed by electrically connecting a plurality of conductors, and the plurality of conductors may be plate-shaped structures, ribbon-shaped structures, filament-shaped structures, or the like, or one or a combination of several forms thereof. The first conductor and the second conductor are connected with an external circuit through a connecting end, and can be integrally connected with the first conductor or can be electrically connected in a welding mode. The specific structural forms of the first conductor and the second conductor are determined according to actual needs.

In the above embodiments, the cutting device has a piston structure and has an impact end. The impact end may be a blade structure, a bevel structure, or the like that facilitates severing of the first melt, the third melt, or the first conductor.

In the above embodiments, the first conductor of the cutter is taken as an example for explanation. In practice, the second conductor, or the first and second conductors, may be cut as desired. In the present utility model, the term "a set threshold value of the current" means that the driving device can operate to drive the cutting device to overcome the limit structure. The size of the set threshold is determined according to the structure and the material of the protection device.

Claims (14)

1. A protection device having both time-limited protection and inverse time-limited protection, comprising: a first conductor, a second conductor, a first melt connected in series between the first conductor and the second conductor, and a limiting device, a driving device and a cutting device; the number of the cutting devices is more than one group, and at least one group of the cutting devices is arranged corresponding to the first melt position; the cutting device can be driven by the driving device; the limiting device limits the initial position of the cutting device; the driving device is an electromagnetic driving device or the combination of an elastic driving device and the electromagnetic driving device;

when the current flowing between the first conductor and the second conductor exceeds a set threshold, the driving device drives the cutting device corresponding to the first melt to overcome the action of the limiting device so as to cut off the first melt.

2. The protection device of claim 1, wherein when the drive device is an electromagnetic drive device, the electromagnetic drive device comprises a yoke structure, a moving assembly structure that is interactable with the yoke structure under the action of a magnetic field force, and the cutoff device disposed on the moving assembly structure; when the current flowing between the first conductor and the second conductor exceeds the set threshold, the magnetic yoke structure drives the moving assembly structure to act to overcome the limit of the limiting device, and drives the cutting device arranged on the moving assembly structure to cut off the first melt.

3. The protection device according to claim 1, wherein the cutting device is provided on the elastic driving device when the driving device is a combination of the elastic driving device and the electromagnetic driving device, and the limiting device is provided on the elastic driving device and can limit initial positions of the elastic driving device and the cutting device provided on the elastic driving device; when the current flowing between the first conductor and the second conductor exceeds the set threshold, the electromagnetic driving device drives the limiting device to release the limit of the elastic driving device, and at least one group of cutting devices arranged on the elastic driving device cut off the first melt under the driving of the elastic driving device.

4. A protective device according to claim 3, wherein the spring force driving means and the cutting means provided thereon are arranged in one of the following ways:

the elastic driving device is positioned in the electromagnetic driving device, and the cutting device arranged on the elastic driving device is arranged through the moving component structure of the electromagnetic driving device; or,

the elastic driving device and the cutting device arranged on the elastic driving device are all positioned on the outer side of the electromagnetic driving device.

5. The protection device according to claim 4, wherein the number of the elastic force driving devices is at least two, and each elastic force driving device is respectively provided with a group of the cutting devices and a group of the limiting devices; each group of elastic driving devices and the cutting devices arranged on the elastic driving devices are limited by a corresponding group of limiting devices; when the current flowing between the first conductor and the second conductor exceeds the set threshold, the electromagnetic driving device drives each group of limiting devices to release the corresponding limit of each group of elastic driving devices and cutting devices, wherein one group of cutting devices cuts off the first melt, and the rest of cutting devices cut off the first conductor or the second conductor or other melts connected with the first conductor and the second conductor in series.

6. The protective apparatus of claim 5 wherein each set of said stop means is connected by a linkage.

7. The protection device according to any one of claims 3 to 6, wherein the elastic driving device comprises a guide post, a spring with an initial state of compression or extension is arranged on the guide post, one end of the guide post is connected with the cutting device corresponding to the elastic driving device, and the limiting device corresponding to the elastic driving device limits the initial position of the guide post.

8. The protector according to claim 7, wherein the electromagnetic driving device comprises a magnetic yoke structure and a moving assembly structure which can interact with the magnetic yoke structure under the action of magnetic force, a push rod is arranged on the moving assembly structure, and the push rod can drive the limiting device to release the limit under the action of electromagnetic force.

9. The protection device according to claim 8, wherein the limiting device is a limiting piece provided with a limiting hole, a limiting groove is formed in the peripheral surface of the guide post, one side of the limiting hole on the limiting piece is clamped on the limiting groove, and a displacement distance is reserved between the other side of the limiting hole and the limiting groove; when the electromagnetic driving device acts under the action of electromagnetic force, the push rod can push the limiting piece to displace, so that the limiting hole on the limiting piece is separated from contact with the limiting groove, and the limiting of the cutting device is released.

10. The protection device of claim 9, wherein a stop spring is connected to one end of the stop member, the stop spring defining an initial position of the stop member.

11. The protective apparatus of claim 1, wherein a second melt is connected in parallel to the first melt.

12. The protection device of claim 11, wherein the second melt fuse link is located in the quenching medium.

13. An excitation protection device with both time-limited protection and inverse time-limited protection, comprising: the protective device according to any one of claims 1 to 12, at least one set of excitation sources and at least one set of piston structures;

the signal receiving end of the excitation source is connected with the first melt in parallel through a self-excitation circuit to receive a trigger signal, or/and the signal receiving end of the excitation source is connected with an external trigger signal source to receive a trigger signal;

when the excitation sources are more than two, the connection modes of the signal receiving ends of all the excitation sources comprise one of the following modes:

all signal receiving ends of the excitation sources are connected with the first melt in parallel through a self-excitation circuit;

the signal receiving ends of all the excitation sources are connected with an external trigger signal source;

the signal receiving ends of all the excitation sources are connected with the first melt in parallel through a self-excitation circuit, and meanwhile, the signal receiving ends of all the excitation sources are connected with an external trigger signal source;

a part of all the excitation sources are connected with the first melt in parallel through a self-excitation circuit, and the other part of all the excitation sources are connected with an external trigger signal source;

and the excitation source acts according to the received trigger signal to drive the piston structure to act so as to disconnect the first conductor or the second conductor.

14. The excitation protection device of claim 13 wherein a melt is connected in parallel to the first or second conductor broken by the piston structure, the melt blowing location being in the quenching medium.

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