CN219166553U - Bionic surgical instrument - Google Patents

Abstract

The application provides a bionic surgical instrument includes the handle, extends and can flex for the extension piece of handle from the handle, locates the functional piece of the tip of extension piece, wherein, when the operator grips on the handle, the extension piece is located the palm of operator for the center of deflection of handle, and the handle can be forced and flex for the extension piece to adjust the operating position of functional piece. Accordingly, the bionic surgical instrument can provide intuitive control and better operation handfeel so as to improve the operation accuracy of the functional parts.

Description

Bionic surgical instrument

Technical Field

The embodiment of the application relates to the technical field of medical instruments, in particular to a handle control instrument.

Background

Minimally invasive surgery refers to cutting or repairing organ focuses in abdominal cavities, thoracic cavities, pelvic cavities or joint cavities and the like by puncturing the body surfaces of human bodies to form a plurality of operation channels; or enter the body cavity through natural cavity such as oral cavity, urethra, rectum, vagina, etc. by the above-mentioned route with endoscope and operation instrument, under the monitoring of endoscope by operator, through the operation instrument of operator outside patient's body, extend into patient's body cavity with the help of instrument working end, and carry out operations such as excision or repair, suture to the focus in the cavity, and take out endoscope and instrument after the operation, suture the aperture or natural cavity of body surface and says incision and can accomplish whole operation.

In view of the above, a primary object of the present application is to provide a surgical instrument for assisting in performing minimally invasive surgery.

Disclosure of Invention

In view of the above, the present application provides a bionic surgical instrument to overcome or at least partially solve the above-mentioned problems.

The embodiment of the application provides a bionic surgical instrument, which comprises: a handle; an extension member extending from the handle and being flexible relative to the handle; a functional member provided at an end of the extension member; when the operator holds the handle, the extending piece is positioned at the palm center of the operator relative to the flexible center of the handle; the handle is deflectable relative to the extension member to adjust the operating position of the functional element.

Optionally, an angle of no more than 90 degrees is formed between the axis of the handle and the axis of the extension.

Optionally, the instrument further comprises a head end bendable structure and a tail end bendable structure which are arranged at the head end and the tail end of the extension piece and can act in a linkage way, and the functional piece is connected with the head end bendable structure; the tail end bendable structure can be stressed to bend along different directions and drive the head end bendable structure to act in a linkage mode along different directions so as to adjust the operation position of the functional piece.

Optionally, the handle and the extension member respectively locate a first end and a second end of the trailing bendable structure; the handle is controlled to rotate in different directions relative to the extension piece so as to adjust the positioning position of the second end relative to the first end, so that the tail end bendable structure bends in different directions.

Optionally, the extension piece includes an adjustment socket that can position the second end, and the handle includes a positioning socket that can position the first end; the adjusting sleeve joint part and the positioning sleeve joint part are movably sleeved with each other to form an accommodating space for accommodating the tail end bendable structure; the adjusting sleeve joint part can flex relative to the positioning sleeve joint part so as to adjust the positioning position of the second end relative to the first end.

Optionally, the apparatus further comprises a locking member which is engageable with at least one of the adjustment socket and the positioning socket and is switchable between a locked state and an unlocked state to permit or restrict flexing of the adjustment socket relative to the positioning socket.

Optionally, the extension piece comprises a first link and a second link, and the instrument further comprises an adjusting part connecting the first link and the second link, for adjusting an included angle of the first link relative to the second link.

Optionally, the instrument further comprises an operating member provided on the handle, connected to the extension member via a drive shaft and reciprocally movable relative to the handle between an active position and a non-active position;

the operating piece is axially fixed relative to the driving shaft and circumferentially rotates, and when the operating piece moves back and forth between an acting position and a non-acting position relative to the handle, the operating piece can drive the driving shaft to move axially and drive the extending piece to move back and forth along the axial direction of the operating piece, so that the functional piece is switched between an acting state and a non-acting state.

Optionally, when the operator holds the handle, the operator's thumb may be inserted into the operating member to drive the operating member to reciprocate between the active position and the inactive position.

Optionally, the instrument further comprises a lock; wherein when the operator holds the handle, the operator's index finger and/or middle finger can be inserted into the locking member to drive the locking member to switch between a locking position and an unlocking position relative to the handle, thereby allowing or limiting the movement of the operating member relative to the handle.

Optionally, the apparatus further comprises a rotation member provided on the handle, which is connected to the extension member via a drive shaft; the self-rotation piece is circumferentially fixed and axially moves relative to the driving shaft, and the driving shaft is in meshed connection with the extension piece so as to enable the driving shaft to be in circumferential rotation linkage with the extension piece; when the autorotation piece rotates circumferentially relative to the handle, the drive shaft can drive the extension piece to rotate circumferentially and drive the functional piece to execute rotating motion.

Optionally, the rotating member is located within an operable range of the thumb, index finger or middle finger of the operator when the operator holds on the handle.

Optionally, the functional element comprises one of forceps and scissors.

To sum up, the bionic surgical instrument of this application can provide open handle mode of gripping, and the angle of gripping is various, adapts to the different surgical approaches and holds the demand of angle diversity to the instrument to accord with human engineering, can improve the operation impression of art person.

Furthermore, the bionic surgical instrument can also provide an intuitive control mode, has simple control and effect logic, can be operated by hands without special training, quickly establishes use experience, reduces surgical barriers and expands the range of indications.

In addition, the bionic surgical instrument has the advantage of small size of the handle, and through the design mechanism that the extending piece is positioned at the palm center of the operator relative to the flexible center of the handle, the mutual collision between different surgical instruments (such as the bionic surgical instrument and the endoscope) in the surgical process can be avoided, so that the smoothness of the operation is improved, and the operation time is shortened.

Drawings

In order to more clearly illustrate the embodiments of the present application or the technical solutions in the prior art, the following description will briefly introduce the drawings that are required to be used in the embodiments or the description of the prior art, and it is obvious that the drawings in the following description are only some embodiments described in the embodiments of the present application, and other drawings may also be obtained according to these drawings for a person having ordinary skill in the art.

Fig. 1 is a schematic overall structure of an embodiment of a bionic surgical instrument according to the present application.

Fig. 2 is a schematic partial structure of fig. 1.

Fig. 3 to 4 are schematic diagrams of the principle of actuation of the bionic surgical instrument of the present application.

Fig. 5 is a schematic view of an embodiment of a holding posture of the bionic surgical instrument according to the present application.

Fig. 6A to 6B are schematic views of overall structures of other embodiments of the bionic surgical instrument according to the present application.

Fig. 6C is a schematic partial structure of fig. 6A and 6B.

Element labels

1: bionic surgical instruments;

10: a handle;

12: positioning the sleeving part;

20: an extension member;

22: adjusting the sleeving part;

24: a first link;

26: a second link;

28: an adjusting section;

280: a bellows;

281: positioning a hemisphere;

282: adjusting the hemisphere;

283: a locking ring;

29: a pre-bending portion;

30: a functional member;

42: a head end bendable structure;

44: a tail end bendable structure;

442: a first end;

443: a tail end gear;

444: a second end;

50: a locking member;

50a, locking band;

52: an operating member;

520: a drive shaft;

522: a drive gear;

524: a finger ring;

54: a locking member;

56: a rotating member;

562: a thumb wheel.

Detailed Description

In order to better understand the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present application, the following descriptions will clearly and completely describe the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present application with reference to the drawings in the embodiments of the present application, and it is obvious that the described embodiments are only some embodiments of the present application, but not all embodiments. All other embodiments obtained by a person of ordinary skill in the art based on the embodiments in the embodiments of the present application shall fall within the scope of protection of the embodiments of the present application.

Minimally invasive surgery refers to cutting or repairing organ focuses in abdominal cavities, thoracic cavities, pelvic cavities or joint cavities and the like by puncturing the body surfaces of human bodies to form a plurality of operation channels; or enter the body cavity through natural cavity such as oral cavity, urethra, rectum, vagina, etc. by the above-mentioned route with endoscope and operation instrument, under the monitoring of endoscope by operator, operate the instrument outside the patient's body through the hand, stretch into the patient's body cavity with the help of instrument working end and carry on operations such as excision or repair, suture to the organ of intracavity, etc. after the operation, take out endoscope and instrument, suture the aperture or natural cavity of the body surface and cut, can finish the whole operation.

Compared with the traditional surgery, the minimally invasive surgery has the advantages of small surgical wound, less postoperative complications, reduced postoperative pain, short hospitalization time and the like, and is now the first choice treatment scheme for a plurality of common diseases in surgery. The operation type incision is usually about 3-5 incisions with the length of 5-20 mm as an operation channel, and a doctor needs to conduct operation by means of an elongated special laparoscopic surgical instrument.

The laparoscopic surgical instruments most commonly used worldwide are generally elongated straight surgical instruments, which have the following drawbacks over traditional open surgery: 1. the operation angle of the straight instrument is severely limited, and only lever type movement taking the body surface incision as a movement fulcrum can be performed in a human body; 2. for operations requiring complicated operations such as fine separation, suturing, knotting and the like, the straight instrument is difficult to achieve, and a doctor is usually required to master the operation through a large amount of model training or animal experiment training; 3. for single incision operation of thoracic cavity and abdominal cavity or minimally invasive operation of natural cavity channel of human body, the common long straight instrument is difficult to adapt to the operation requirement of narrow space, and presents great challenges for the training level of operating doctors, and although the operation mode is very favored by patients, the number of operators capable of completing the operation mode is very rare. The reason for this is mainly the lack of a multi-degree-of-freedom surgical instrument with flexible motion control capability, which can be controlled by simple logic and intuitionally.

With the progress of science and technology, intelligent surgical instrument systems represented by da vinci surgical robots are gradually popularized and used in various countries around the world, and the complex operations of suturing and knotting become very simple due to the light intuitive control mode, the comfortable doctor remote control mode and the wrist-imitating instrument movement mode; however, the surgical instruments used by the technology are consumable products, the average consumable cost of each operation is between 3-5 ten thousand RMB, the number of robot-assisted minimally invasive operations finished in China is less than 10 ten thousand (the number of installed robots in China is less than 200 by 2022 in 1 month), and compared with the requirement of chest and laparoscope minimally invasive operations in thousands of cases in each year, the requirements of people on the high and new technology can not be met.

In recent years, a novel manual bendable surgical instrument is internationally appeared, a joint capable of controlling bending is added on the basis of a traditional straight laparoscopic instrument, and besides lever type prying, the joint movement of an arm and a wrist can be used for controlling the head end of the instrument to bend and rotate in multiple degrees of freedom. For example: the form of the instrument provided in CN101909526a and CN102525659a patents. However, clinical application for many years proves that as the movement center of the force application part of the instrument is positioned at the front side of the palm, the ergonomics during operation are not ideal, the control of the instrument needs the wrist movement and the large-amplitude movement of the hand forearm, even the large arm and the shoulder to control the instrument, so that a surgeon is very confused, and both products are withdrawn from the market until now.

In patent US20170095922A1 (FlexDex Surgical inc.) a design using the center point of the wrist of the human body as the bendable control center point appears, and the rotating center of the whole force application member is just located at the center point of the section of the wrist by wearing a bracelet on the hand of the doctor and then engaging the bracelet with the force application member of the instrument, so that the intuitive movement habit of grasping an object by the human hand and swinging the object by rotating the wrist is consistent, thereby realizing simpler control and effect logic, improving the control efficacy, avoiding long-time adaptive training and reducing the using operation threshold. However, doctors find that the grasping form of the instrument force application member can not enable the doctor to complete the grasping and separating actions of the instrument by one hand after clinical application, and when an emergency such as bleeding occurs in the operation, the doctor of the main knife is difficult to quickly release the instrument force application member, so that possible risks are caused. In addition, as the surgical operation of different target organs or the same organ, the selection of different surgical access ways can lead to the changeable angle of the surgical instrument inserted into the human body, so that the changeable requirement on the included angle between the arm and the instrument main body is met, the angle and the direction of the force application part of the instrument held by the hand of a doctor are not fixed, but the holding mode of the force application part of the instrument is single and cannot adapt to the change of various holding modes, so that the wrist or the arm of the doctor can be easily damaged due to the fact that the flexible holding mode and angle cannot be selected during the surgical operation, and the use experience is poor; finally, another major drawback of the above-mentioned instruments is that the connecting bridge of the force application member accommodated by the plurality of traction linkage wires for motion control is too large in volume, so that the collision interference between the instruments or between the instruments and the surgical endoscope often occurs, which brings great influence to the efficiency of the surgical operation.

In US20180110577A1, US20200237466A1 and US10363055B2, a multi-joint multi-degree-of-freedom surgical instrument is provided, wherein the instrument head end consists of two orthogonally arranged motion pivots, which can simulate the motion form of a human hand, and a corresponding orthogonal axis is arranged on a force application member for intuitively controlling the motion form of the instrument head end, so that the instrument (such as the surgical instrument provided in US5792135a, US6312435B1 and US6746443B 1) similar to the da vinci surgical robot (INTUITIVE SURGICAL OPERATIONS, INC.) can realize multi-degree-of-freedom control through a mechanical transmission force application member, the bionic control of the human hand motion form is better realized by the instrument, the control logic is simpler, a doctor can adapt quickly without long-time adaptive training, and the using operation threshold is reduced. The device is characterized in that the movement center of the force application part is positioned right above the wrist, when the device is used, the palm wraps the columnar force application part, and the index finger and the thumb are inserted into the operation ring and used for controlling the opening and closing and the left-right movement of the device head, when the hand grasps the pitching movement of the force application part, the pitching movement control of the device head end can be realized, and the rotation of the device head end along the device rod can be realized by requiring the wrist of a doctor to hold the device force application part to rotate by an angle of 1:1. The main disadvantage of the instrument is that the holding mode of the force application part is strictly limited, and the instrument cannot adapt to the diversified requirements of various target organs or surgical access options on the holding mode of the instrument, so that the wrist and the arm of a doctor are easy to be damaged; secondly, the head end of the instrument cannot independently control rotation, so that a doctor needs to rotate and control by continuously rotating the wrist or the forearm during suturing or knotting operation, the burden of the wrist and the arm is increased, when the head end of the instrument is in an offset state, the wrist is in left, right or up and down bending, and the rotation of the wrist and the forearm is difficult to be overlapped, so that the movement of overlapping bending and rotation can not be realized, and the applicability of the instrument in operation is limited; again, the force application members of the solutions described in the above-mentioned patents are relatively bulky, and collisions between the force application members or between the instrument force application member and the endoscope force application member easily occur, thereby affecting the progress of the operation.

In view of the above, the present application provides a handle control instrument that at least partially solves the above-described problems of the prior art.

Embodiments of the present application will be described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings.

Referring to fig. 1 to 4, the bionic surgical instrument 1 of the present application includes a handle 10, an extension member 20, a functional member) 30.

The extension member 20 extends from the handle 10 and is flexible relative to the handle 10.

In this embodiment, the axis of the handle 10 forms an angle with the axis of the extension member 20 of no more than 90 degrees.

The functional element 30 is provided at the end of the extension element 20.

Alternatively, the functional element 30 may comprise one of forceps and scissors.

When the operator holds the handle 10, the extension member 20 is located at the palm of the operator with respect to the center of deflection of the handle 10 (see fig. 5).

Wherein the handle 10 is deflectable relative to the extension member 20 to adjust the operating position of the functional element 30 (see fig. 1 and 6A in combination).

Optionally, the bionic surgical instrument 1 further includes a head end bendable structure 42 and a tail end bendable structure 44 provided at the head end and the tail end of the extension piece 20, the head end bendable structure 42 and the tail end bendable structure 44 are capable of being interlocked, and the functional piece 30 is provided at an end of the head end bendable structure 42.

Wherein the tail end bendable structure 44 is forced to bend in different directions and drives the head end bendable structure 42 to act in conjunction in different directions to adjust the operating position of the functional element 30.

Alternatively, the handle 10 and the extension member 20 may position the first end 442 and the second end 444 of the tail end bendable structure 44, respectively (see FIG. 2), and the second end 444 may be adjusted relative to the first end 442 by controlling the handle 10 to rotate in different directions relative to the extension member 20 (see the schematic diagram of FIG. 4) such that the tail end bendable structure 44 may be bent in different directions depending on the position of the second end 444 relative to the first end 442.

Optionally, the extension member 20 includes an adjustment socket 22 that can position the second end 444 and the handle 10 includes a positioning socket 12 (see fig. 2) that can position the first end 442.

In this embodiment, the adjusting socket 22 and the positioning socket 12 each include a hemispherical receiving cavity.

Wherein, the adjusting socket 22 of the extension piece 20 and the positioning socket 12 of the handle 10 are movably sleeved with each other to form a containing space A for containing the tail end bendable structure 44.

The adjustment socket 22 is flexible (i.e., 360 degrees of rotation) relative to the positioning socket 12 to adjust the positioning position of the second end 444 relative to the first end 442.

Optionally, the bionic surgical instrument 1 further comprises a locking member 50, which can be combined with at least one of the adjustment socket 22, the positioning socket 12, and can be switched between a locked state and an unlocked state to allow or restrict the adjustment socket 22 to flex relative to the positioning socket 12.

For example, in the embodiment shown in fig. 2, the locking member 50 includes a locking band 50a, and the band diameter of the locking band 50a is adjusted to be switched between the locked state and the unlocked state.

Optionally, the extension member 20 may include a first link 24 and a second link 26, wherein the bionic surgical instrument 1 further includes an adjustment portion 28 connecting the first link 24 and the second link 26 for adjusting an angle of the first link 24 relative to the second link 26.

Referring to fig. 6A to 6C, the adjusting portion 28 may optionally include a bellows 280, a positioning hemisphere 281, an adjusting hemisphere 282, and a locking ring 283.

Wherein the bellows 280 connects the first link 281 and the second link 282, the positioning hemisphere 281 can position the end of the second link 26, and the adjusting hemisphere 282 can position the end of the first link 24.

The positioning hemisphere 281 and the adjusting hemisphere 282 are movably sleeved with each other to form a containing space B for containing the bellows 280.

The adjusting hemisphere 282 is flexible (i.e., 360 degrees of rotation) relative to the positioning hemisphere 281 to adjust the angle between the first link 281 and the second link 282.

Optionally, the extension piece 20 may further be provided with a pre-bending portion 29, so that the extension piece 20 can form multiple bending effects, so as to meet the operation requirements of different surgical scenes.

Optionally, the bionic surgical instrument 1 further comprises an operating member 52 provided on the handle 10.

Wherein the operating member 52 is coupled to the extension member 20 via a drive shaft 520 and is reciprocally movable relative to the handle 10 between an active position and an inactive position.

Referring to fig. 2, the drive gear 522 of the drive shaft 520 intermeshes with the trailing gear 443 of the trailing bendable structure 44 of the extension member 20. The operating member 52 is axially fixed and circumferentially rotated relative to the drive shaft 520. The drive gear 522 is circumferentially fixed and axially moved relative to the drive shaft 520.

When the operating member 52 reciprocates between the active and inactive positions relative to the handle 10, the driving shaft 520 is driven to move axially (the driving gear 522 does not axially co-act with the driving shaft 520 to maintain the engagement with the tail gear 443), and the extending member 20 is driven to reciprocate axially along the same, so that the function member 30 is switched between the active and inactive states.

For example, when the functional element 30 is a surgical forceps, it can be switched between a clamped state (active state) and an open state (inactive state).

Alternatively, the operator 52 may include a finger ring 524.

When the operator holds the handle 10, the thumb of the operator can be inserted into the operating member 52 (finger ring 524) to drive the operating member 52 to reciprocate between the active position and the inactive position.

Optionally, the bionic surgical instrument 1 may further comprise a locking member 54 (see fig. 1, 2, 5 to 6C).

Wherein, when the operator grasps the handle 10, the operator's index finger and/or middle finger may be disposed through the locking member 54 to drive the locking member 54 to switch between the locked and unlocked positions relative to the handle 10, thereby allowing or limiting the movement of the operating member 52 relative to the handle 10.

In this embodiment, the locking member 54 can position the operating member 52 in any one of the active and inactive positions for the functional member 30 (e.g., forceps) to be adapted to perform related operations with respect to target tissues of different thicknesses.

Optionally, the bionic surgical instrument 1 further includes a rotation member 56 (refer to fig. 1, 2, 5 to 6C) disposed on the handle 10, which is connected to the extension member 20 and can circumferentially rotate relative to the handle 10, so as to drive the extension member 20 to circumferentially rotate along with the extension member, thereby driving the functional member 30 to perform a rotation motion.

Optionally, autorotation 56 includes thumb wheel 562 (see fig. 1, 2, 5-6C).

Referring to fig. 2, the thumb wheel 562 (the rotary member 56) is circumferentially fixed and axially movable relative to the drive shaft 520 such that when the drive shaft 520 is axially moved by the operating member 52, the thumb wheel 562 does not produce an axially coupled action with the axial movement of the drive shaft 60.

In this embodiment, when the operator holds the handle 10, the thumb wheel 562 is located within the operable range of the operator's thumb, index finger or middle finger to drive the thumb wheel 562 to rotate circumferentially relative to the handle 10 in a clockwise direction or a counterclockwise direction.

In summary, the bionic surgical instrument provided in the embodiments of the present application may provide an open handle holding manner, so as to meet the requirements of different surgical approaches on the diversity of the holding angles of the instrument.

Furthermore, the bionic surgical instrument can provide an intuitive control mode, can be operated by hands without special training, can reduce a surgical barrier, and improves the control accuracy of the surgical instrument.

In addition, the bionic surgical instrument has the advantage of small size of the handle, and by means of the design mechanism that the extending piece is positioned at the palm center of a worker relative to the flexible center of the handle, impact between instrument bodies or instrument handles (10) of different surgical instruments (such as the bionic surgical instrument and an endoscope) can be avoided in the surgical process, so that the smoothness of surgery is improved, and the surgical time is shortened.

Finally, it should be noted that: the above embodiments are only for illustrating the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present application, and are not limited thereto; although the present application has been described in detail with reference to the foregoing embodiments, it should be understood by those of ordinary skill in the art that: the technical scheme described in the foregoing embodiments can be modified or some technical features thereof can be replaced by equivalents; such modifications and substitutions do not depart from the spirit and scope of the corresponding technical solutions.

Claims (13)

1. A bionic surgical instrument comprising:

a handle;

an extension member extending from the handle and being flexible relative to the handle;

a functional member provided at an end of the extension member; wherein, the liquid crystal display device comprises a liquid crystal display device,

when the operator holds the handle, the extension piece is positioned at the palm of the operator relative to the flexible center of the handle;

the handle is deflectable relative to the extension member to adjust the operating position of the functional element.

2. The instrument of claim 1, wherein the axis of the handle forms an angle with the axis of the extension of no more than 90 degrees.

3. The instrument of claim 1, further comprising a cephalad end bendable feature and a caudal end bendable feature disposed at the cephalad end and the caudal end of the extension member and being operatively linked, the functional element being connected to the cephalad end bendable feature;

the tail end bendable structure can be stressed to bend along different directions and drive the head end bendable structure to act in a linkage mode along different directions so as to adjust the operation position of the functional piece.

4. The instrument of claim 3, wherein the handle and the extension member position a first end and a second end of the trailing bendable structure, respectively;

the handle is controlled to rotate in different directions relative to the extension piece so as to adjust the positioning position of the second end relative to the first end, so that the tail end bendable structure bends in different directions.

5. The instrument of claim 4, wherein the extension includes an adjustment socket positionable at the second end, the handle including a positioning socket positionable at the first end;

the adjusting sleeve joint part and the positioning sleeve joint part are movably sleeved with each other to form an accommodating space for accommodating the tail end bendable structure;

the adjusting sleeve joint part can flex relative to the positioning sleeve joint part so as to adjust the positioning position of the second end relative to the first end.

6. The instrument of claim 5, further comprising a locking member engageable with at least one of the adjustment socket and the positioning socket and switchable between a locked state and an unlocked state to permit or limit flexing of the adjustment socket relative to the positioning socket.

7. The instrument of claim 3, wherein the extension member includes a first link and a second link, the instrument further comprising an adjustment portion connecting the first link and the second link for adjusting an angle of the first link relative to the second link.

8. The instrument of claim 1, further comprising an operating member provided on the handle, connected to the extension member via a drive shaft and reciprocally movable relative to the handle between an active position and an inactive position;

the operating piece is axially fixed relative to the driving shaft and circumferentially rotates, and when the operating piece moves back and forth between an acting position and a non-acting position relative to the handle, the operating piece can drive the driving shaft to move axially and drive the extending piece to move back and forth along the axial direction of the operating piece, so that the functional piece is switched between an acting state and a non-acting state.

9. The instrument of claim 8, wherein the operator's thumb is insertable into the operator to drive the operator to reciprocate between the active and inactive positions when the operator is held on the handle.

10. The instrument of claim 8 or 9, wherein the instrument further comprises a lock;

wherein when the operator holds on the handle, the operator's index finger and/or middle finger may be threaded into the locking member to drive the locking member to switch between a locked position and an unlocked position relative to the handle, thereby allowing or limiting the movement of the operating member relative to the handle.

11. The instrument of claim 1, further comprising a self-rotating member on the handle that is coupled to the extension member via a drive shaft;

the self-rotation piece is circumferentially fixed and axially moves relative to the driving shaft, and the driving shaft is in meshed connection with the extension piece so as to enable the driving shaft to be in circumferential rotation linkage with the extension piece;

when the autorotation piece rotates circumferentially relative to the handle, the drive shaft can drive the extension piece to rotate circumferentially and drive the functional piece to execute rotating motion.

12. The apparatus of claim 11, wherein the rotation member is located within an operable range of a thumb, index finger, or middle finger of the operator when the operator is holding on the handle.

13. The instrument of claim 1, wherein the functional element comprises one of a surgical clamp and a surgical scissors.

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