CN219151854U - Differential backfill type friction stir spot welding torque measuring device and system - Google Patents
Differential backfill type friction stir spot welding torque measuring device and system Download PDFInfo
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- CN219151854U CN219151854U CN202223021794.9U CN202223021794U CN219151854U CN 219151854 U CN219151854 U CN 219151854U CN 202223021794 U CN202223021794 U CN 202223021794U CN 219151854 U CN219151854 U CN 219151854U
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Abstract
The utility model belongs to the technical field of backfill type friction stir spot welding, and particularly relates to a differential backfill type friction stir spot welding torque measuring device and system, which comprise a stirring pin, a stirring sleeve, a shaft shoulder, a stirring head consisting of an outer shell, a differential assembly and a torque sensor, wherein the shaft shoulder is connected with the lower end of the outer shell, the stirring pin, the stirring sleeve and the shaft shoulder are coaxially arranged, the stirring pin can move in the axial direction and the circumferential direction in the stirring sleeve, and the stirring sleeve can move in the axial direction and the circumferential direction in the shaft shoulder; the differential assembly and the torque sensor are positioned in the stirring head outer shell, and the differential assembly drives the stirring pin and the stirring sleeve to rotate freely in a differential manner; the torque sensor is arranged on the differential assembly and measures the torque of the stirring sleeve and the stirring pin. The device and the system provided by the utility model have the advantages of reliable welding quality, attractive welding spot surface, high efficiency and low manufacturing cost when being applied to point connection of high-strength aluminum alloy plates. The torque change condition in the welding process can be dynamically monitored, and the welding quality of welding spots can be monitored in real time.
Description
Technical Field
The utility model relates to the technical field of backfill type friction stir spot welding, in particular to a torque measuring device and a torque measuring system, which are used for monitoring torque in the differential backfill type friction stir spot welding process.
Background
The test tube backfill friction stir spot welding technique (Refill Friction Stir Spot Welding, RFSSW) is a solid phase connection technique proposed by Helmholtz-Zentrum Geesthacht (formerly GKSS research center) in Germany, and the materials are plastically deformed and not melted in the welding process. Compared with other single-point connection technologies (resistance spot welding and riveting), the method has the advantages of high welding quality, small welding deformation, low production cost, no environmental pollution and the like, and is successfully applied to the fields of automobiles, aerospace and the like. Friction stir spot welding leaves a keyhole of a certain size on the surface of the weld, which reduces the effective bonding area of the weld, thereby reducing the joint strength of the weld. In addition, the bottom of the keyhole is easy to corrode, and the reliability of the joint is reduced. In order to solve the problem, the German GKSS research and development researches and develops a backfill type friction stir spot welding technology, which can obtain a welding spot without a keyhole and is applied to welding materials such as aluminum alloy, magnesium alloy and the like.
The backfill type friction stir spot welding technology aims at aluminum and magnesium alloy welding in the aerospace field, and has higher requirements on the performance of materials. The surface of the base material is usually coated with a coating of pure aluminum or pure magnesium in order to protect the base material from oxidation and corrosion. During welding, the coating is not easy to break up by a stirring tool, a connecting band is formed inside a welding spot, and the connecting band can become a crack source in the service process of the joint, so that the connection strength of the joint is reduced. Therefore, a differential backfill friction stir spot welding technique is proposed. The welding tool consists of a compression ring, a stirring sleeve and a stirring pin. Traditional backfill formula friction stir spot welding, its stirring cover, pin are coaxial rotation, because stirring cover and pin's rotational speed are the same, and the coating can not by fine tearing when stirring cover and pin contact effect, its size also can not reduce, leads to the coating to break up the effect in the welding process unobvious.
Compared with the common RFSSW, the differential backfill type friction stir spot welding tool (stirring pin and stirring sleeve) has inconsistent rotation speed, which puts higher requirements on torque measurement. In addition, differential backfill friction stir spot welding is a welding process coupled by various nonlinear factors, and quality control is difficult. Unstable welding pressure, torque and temperature during the welding process can cause excessive materials which undergo severe plastic deformation and are difficult to backfill. Meanwhile, the quality of welding spots cannot be identified because the spot welding process is completed in an invisible plastic ring. This results in great difficulty in on-line monitoring of spot welding data and difficulty in controlling the welding quality of the welding spot under the mutual influence and superposition of the multiple factors. This provides new requirements for accurate, real-time measurement of the torque of the welding process and thus monitoring of the welding quality.
Therefore, the most suitable rotation speed ratio is obtained through experiments and analysis by respectively monitoring the real-time torque of the stirring sleeve and the stirring pin and combining welding parameters such as rotation speed and the like. Second, monitoring process parameters during welding is also particularly important for weld quality. The quality problem of the spot welding process is very difficult to treat due to the instantaneous and invisible determination of the welding, and the quality and reliability of friction spot welding are controlled and controlled under the limitation. By researching the technological parameters closely related to the spot welding quality in the spot welding process, the most closely related relation between the welding pressure, torque and temperature and the welding quality in the technological parameters is known. And torque is directly related to the rotational speed of the stirring tool. Therefore, how to realize real-time monitoring of welding torque in the spot welding process becomes a technical problem to be solved.
Disclosure of Invention
The utility model aims to solve the technical problems that: how to realize the real-time monitoring of the welding torque in the spot welding process, thereby monitoring the welding quality.
In order to solve the problems, the utility model adopts the following technical scheme:
the utility model provides a differential backfill formula friction stir spot welding torque measurement device which characterized in that: the stirring head, the differential assembly and the torque sensor are formed by a stirring needle, a stirring sleeve, a shaft shoulder and an outer shell, the shaft shoulder is connected with the lower end of the outer shell, the stirring needle, the stirring sleeve and the shaft shoulder are coaxially arranged, the stirring needle can axially and circumferentially move in the stirring sleeve, and the stirring sleeve can axially and circumferentially move in the shaft shoulder; the differential assembly and the torque sensor are positioned in the stirring head outer shell, and the differential assembly drives the stirring pin and the stirring sleeve to rotate freely in a differential manner; the torque sensor is arranged on the differential assembly and is used for measuring the torque of the stirring sleeve and the stirring pin.
As a preferable scheme of the torque measuring device, the differential assembly comprises a second hollow motor, a stirring sleeve shaft and a second ball screw; the second hollow motor is arranged below the outer shell, and a hollow stirring sleeve shaft is arranged in a hollow shaft of the second hollow motor; the lower end of the stirring sleeve shaft is coaxially provided with a stirring sleeve, the upper end of the stirring sleeve shaft is rotationally connected with the outer shell through a bearing B and a second bearing frame, a second ball screw is arranged above the second bearing frame, and the second ball screw is connected with a second power source through a nut; so that the stirring sleeve realizes free rotation and axial movement.
As a preferable scheme of the torque measuring device, the differential assembly further comprises a first hollow motor, a stirring pin shaft and a first ball screw; the stirring needle shaft sequentially penetrates through the hollow shaft of the first hollow motor, the screw rod of the second ball screw and the stirring sleeve shaft from top to bottom, the lower end of the stirring needle shaft is connected with the stirring needle, the upper end of the stirring needle shaft is rotationally connected with the outer shell through a bearing A and a first bearing frame, a first ball screw is arranged above the first bearing frame, and the first ball screw is connected with a first power source through a nut; so that the stirring pin realizes free rotation and axial movement.
As a preferable mode of the torque measuring device according to the present utility model, the torque sensor is provided at a lower portion of the stirring sleeve shaft and/or an upper portion of the stirring pin shaft.
As a preferable scheme of the torque measuring device, the screw rod of the first ball screw is a first hollow screw rod, and the screw rod of the second ball screw is a second hollow screw rod; the first hollow screw rod, the second hollow screw rod, the hollow shaft of the first hollow motor, the hollow shaft of the second hollow motor, the stirring sleeve shaft and the stirring needle shaft are all coaxially arranged.
As the preferable scheme of the torque measuring device, the stirring sleeve shaft and the stirring needle shaft are spline shafts, the hollow shaft of the first hollow motor is provided with a spline sleeve A matched with the stirring needle shaft, and the hollow shaft of the second hollow motor is provided with a spline sleeve B matched with the stirring sleeve shaft.
As a preferable mode of the torque measuring device according to the present utility model, the torque sensor is preferably a resistance strain gauge type torque sensor.
As the preferable scheme of the torque measuring device, the shaft shoulder, the stirring sleeve and the stirring pin are all made of tool steel.
In order to solve the technical problem, according to another aspect of the utility model, the utility model further provides a technical scheme of a differential backfill type friction stir spot welding torque measuring system:
the utility model provides a differential backfill formula friction stir spot welding torque measurement system, includes above-mentioned torque measurement device, still includes spot welder, data acquisition card, industrial computer, and torque sensor lays on the stirring head of spot welder, is connected with data acquisition card electricity, and data acquisition card connects industrial computer.
As a preferable scheme of the torque measurement system, the torque measurement system further comprises an amplifying circuit and a filter circuit, wherein the amplifying circuit is used for amplifying a strain signal measured by the torque sensor; the filter circuit is used for filtering the signal passing through the data acquisition card.
Advantageous effects
The differential backfill type friction stir spot welding device and the differential backfill type friction stir spot welding system can monitor welding torque in real time in the spot welding process, collect and analyze current data, and monitor the quality of a current welding spot in real time. Compared with the prior art, the utility model has the beneficial effects that:
(1) According to the differential backfill type friction stir spot welding torque measuring device, the differential assembly drives the stirring pin and the stirring sleeve to realize differential free rotation and axial movement, and the torque sensor arranged on the differential assembly is used for measuring the torque of the stirring sleeve and the stirring pin, so that the torque change condition in the welding process is dynamically monitored, and the welding quality of welding spots is monitored in real time.
(2) After the device is connected with the system, the device is applied to point connection of high-strength aluminum alloy plates, and experimental results show that by using the system, the welding quality is reliable, the surface of a welding spot is attractive, the efficiency is high, and the manufacturing cost is low.
Drawings
In order to more clearly illustrate the technical solutions of the present utility model, the drawings that are required for the embodiments will be briefly described, it being understood that the following drawings only illustrate some embodiments of the present utility model and therefore should not be considered as limiting the scope of the present utility model.
FIG. 1 is a block diagram of a differential backfill friction stir spot welding torque measurement system of the present utility model;
FIG. 2 is an overview of the differential spot welder head apparatus of the present utility model;
FIG. 3 is a schematic diagram of a differential backfill friction stir spot welding torque measurement system according to the present utility model.
Wherein, 1, a first hollow screw 2, a first bearing bracket 3, a bearing A4, a stirring needle shaft 5, a first hollow motor 6, a hollow shaft 7, a spline housing A8, a second hollow screw 9, a second bearing bracket 10, a bearing B11, a second hollow motor 12, a stirring sleeve shaft 13, an outer shell 14, a shaft shoulder 15, a stirring sleeve 16, a stirring needle 17, a channel A18, a spline housing B19, a second power source 20, a channel B21, a first power source 22 and a torque sensor
Detailed Description
The embodiments described below by referring to the drawings are illustrative and intended to explain the present utility model and should not be construed as limiting the utility model.
In the description of the present utility model, it should be understood that the terms "center", "longitudinal", "lateral", "length", "width", "thickness", "upper", "lower", "front", "rear", "left", "right", "vertical", "horizontal", "top", "bottom", "inner", "outer", "clockwise", "counterclockwise", etc. indicate orientations or positional relationships based on the orientations or positional relationships shown in the drawings are merely for convenience in describing the present utility model and simplifying the description, and do not indicate or imply that the device or element referred to must have a specific orientation, be configured and operated in a specific orientation, and thus should not be construed as limiting the present utility model.
Example 1
As shown in fig. 2, a differential backfill type friction stir spot welding torque measuring device. The device mainly comprises a stirring head consisting of a stirring pin 16, a stirring sleeve 15, a shaft shoulder 14 and an outer shell 13. The shaft shoulder 14 is connected with the lower end of the outer shell 13,
the stirring pin 16, the stirring sleeve 15 and the shaft shoulder 14 are coaxially arranged, the stirring pin 16 can axially and circumferentially move in the stirring sleeve 15, and the stirring sleeve 15 can axially and circumferentially move in the shaft shoulder 14. Preferably, the shaft shoulder 14, the stirring sleeve 15 and the stirring pin 16 are all made of tool steel, the outer diameter of the shaft shoulder 14 is 15mm, the outer diameter of the stirring sleeve 15 is 9mm, and the outer diameter of the stirring pin 16 is 6mm.
The differential assembly and the torque sensor 22 are positioned in the stirring head outer shell 13, the differential assembly drives the stirring pin 16 and the stirring sleeve 15 to realize differential free rotation, and the torque sensor 22 is arranged on the differential assembly and is used for measuring the torque of the stirring sleeve 15 and the stirring pin 16.
The differential assembly comprises a second hollow motor 11, a stirring sleeve shaft 12 and a second ball screw; the second hollow motor 11 is arranged below the inside of the outer shell 13, a hollow stirring sleeve shaft 12 is arranged in the hollow shaft 6 of the second hollow motor 11, the lower end of the stirring sleeve shaft 12 is connected with a stirring sleeve 15, the upper end of the stirring sleeve shaft is rotationally connected with the outer shell 13 through a bearing B10 and a second bearing frame 9, a second ball screw is arranged above the second bearing frame 9, and the second ball screw is connected with a second power source 19 through a nut; so that the stirring sleeve 15 is free to rotate and move axially.
The differential assembly further comprises a first hollow motor 5, a stirring pin shaft 4 and a first ball screw; the first hollow motor 5 is arranged above the inside of the outer shell 13, the stirring pin shaft 4 sequentially penetrates through the hollow shaft 6 of the first hollow motor 5, the screw rod of the second ball screw and the stirring sleeve shaft 12 of the stirring sleeve 15 from top to bottom, the lower end of the stirring pin shaft is connected with the stirring pin 16, the upper end of the stirring pin shaft is rotationally connected with the outer shell 13 through the bearing A3 and the first bearing frame 2, the first ball screw is arranged above the first bearing frame 2 and is connected with the first power source 21 through a nut; allowing for free rotation and axial movement of pin 16.
The first hollow screw 1, the second hollow screw 8, the hollow shaft 6 of the first hollow motor 5, the hollow shaft 6 of the second hollow motor 11, the stirring sleeve shaft 12 and the stirring pin shaft 4 are all coaxially arranged, so that the measurement accuracy is ensured.
The first power source 21 and the second power source 19 respectively control the up-and-down reciprocating motion of the stirring sleeve 15 and the stirring pin 16 to finish the extrusion and filling actions of materials. The rotation speeds and the rotation directions of the stirring sleeve 15 and the stirring pin 16 are respectively adjusted by controlling the rotation speeds of the stirring sleeve shaft 12 and the stirring pin shaft 4 by the first hollow motor 5 and the second hollow motor 11, so that the welding by a differential process method is realized.
Example 2
As shown in fig. 1 and 3, a differential backfill type friction stir spot welding torque measuring system comprises a spot welder, a data acquisition card and an industrial personal computer.
The torque sensor 22 is respectively arranged at the lower part of the stirring sleeve shaft 12 and the upper part of the stirring needle shaft 4, and is respectively connected with a data acquisition card on the industrial personal computer through a channel A17 and a channel B20. From the practical condition consideration, the resistance strain gauge type torque sensor 22 is selected, and is characterized by convenient installation and replacement and low cost. After the torque sensor 22 is connected and installed with the spot welder, a strain bridge is formed on the elastic shaft, and the electric signal of the torsion of the elastic shaft can be measured by providing power supply for the strain bridge. The strain signal is amplified by an amplifying circuit, converted into a frequency signal in direct proportion to torsion strain by pressure/frequency conversion, coupled by a signal and connected with a data acquisition card by an output circuit. A specific terminal is needed to monitor the welding start signal in the welding process, and corresponding information is sent out after the detection so that other acquisition terminals start data acquisition. When the specific terminal monitors that the welding is finished, corresponding information is sent out again to stop the data acquisition terminal. The signal of the sensor passes through the acquisition card, converts the analog signal into a digital signal, and filters the digital signal by using the filter circuit. And then the industrial personal computer is connected, the torque change curve of the stirring pin 16 and the stirring sleeve 15 along with time in the whole welding process is seen from the industrial personal computer, whether the welding process is defective is further analyzed, and the next set of welding experiments is timely adjusted. Thereby ensuring the quality and reliability of the weldment.
Example 3
During this time, the torque sensor 22 begins to operate, transmitting an electrical signal to the data acquisition system, through the acquisition of the system, and the conversion of the signal, filtering the signal, and finally transmitting the signal to the control system, which generates a weld time-torque curve from a series of data obtained by the control system. From the curves, the trend of rising and then falling is generally found, and in the process, the change condition of the torque can be monitored in real time, and parameters can be adjusted or the program can be stopped at any time.
Although embodiments of the present utility model have been shown and described above, it will be understood that the above embodiments are illustrative and not to be construed as limiting the utility model, and that variations, modifications, alternatives, and variations may be made in the above embodiments by those skilled in the art without departing from the spirit and principles of the utility model.
Claims (10)
1. The utility model provides a differential backfill formula friction stir spot welding torque measurement device which characterized in that: the stirring head, the differential assembly and the torque sensor are formed by a stirring needle, a stirring sleeve, a shaft shoulder and an outer shell, the shaft shoulder is connected with the lower end of the outer shell, the stirring needle, the stirring sleeve and the shaft shoulder are coaxially arranged, the stirring needle can axially and circumferentially move in the stirring sleeve, and the stirring sleeve can axially and circumferentially move in the shaft shoulder; the differential assembly and the torque sensor are positioned in the stirring head outer shell, and the differential assembly drives the stirring pin and the stirring sleeve to rotate freely in a differential manner; the torque sensor is arranged on the differential assembly and is used for measuring the torque of the stirring sleeve and the stirring pin.
2. The torque measuring device according to claim 1, wherein: the differential assembly comprises a second hollow motor, a stirring sleeve shaft and a second ball screw; the second hollow motor is arranged below the outer shell, and a hollow stirring sleeve shaft is arranged in a hollow shaft of the second hollow motor; the lower end of the stirring sleeve shaft is coaxially provided with a stirring sleeve, the upper end of the stirring sleeve shaft is rotationally connected with the outer shell through a bearing B and a second bearing frame, a second ball screw is arranged above the second bearing frame, and the second ball screw is connected with a second power source through a nut; so that the stirring sleeve realizes free rotation and axial movement.
3. The torque measuring device according to claim 2, wherein: the differential assembly further comprises a first hollow motor, a stirring pin shaft and a first ball screw; the stirring needle shaft sequentially penetrates through the hollow shaft of the first hollow motor, the screw rod of the second ball screw and the stirring sleeve shaft from top to bottom, the lower end of the stirring needle shaft is connected with the stirring needle, the upper end of the stirring needle shaft is rotationally connected with the outer shell through a bearing A and a first bearing frame, a first ball screw is arranged above the first bearing frame, and the first ball screw is connected with a first power source through a nut; so that the stirring pin realizes free rotation and axial movement.
4. The torque measuring device according to claim 1, wherein: the torque sensor is arranged at the lower part of the stirring sleeve shaft and/or the upper part of the stirring needle shaft.
5. A torque measuring device according to claim 3, characterized in that: the screw rod of the first ball screw is a first hollow screw rod, and the screw rod of the second ball screw is a second hollow screw rod; the first hollow screw rod, the second hollow screw rod, the hollow shaft of the first hollow motor, the hollow shaft of the second hollow motor, the stirring sleeve shaft and the stirring needle shaft are all coaxially arranged.
6. A torque measuring device according to claim 3, characterized in that: the stirring sleeve shaft and the stirring pin shaft are spline shafts, a spline sleeve A matched with the stirring pin shaft is arranged on the hollow shaft of the first hollow motor, and a spline sleeve B matched with the stirring sleeve shaft is arranged on the hollow shaft of the second hollow motor.
7. The torque measuring device according to claim 1, wherein: the torque sensor is a resistance strain gauge type torque sensor.
8. The torque measuring device according to claim 1, wherein: the shaft shoulder, the stirring sleeve and the stirring pin are all made of tool steel.
9. A differential backfill type friction stir spot welding torque measurement system is characterized in that: the torque measuring device comprises the spot welder, a data acquisition card and an industrial personal computer, wherein the torque sensor is arranged on a stirring head of the spot welder and is electrically connected with the data acquisition card, and the data acquisition card is connected with the industrial personal computer.
10. The torque measurement system of claim 9, wherein: the torque measurement system also comprises an amplifying circuit and a filtering circuit, wherein the amplifying circuit is used for amplifying the strain signal measured by the torque sensor; the filter circuit is used for filtering the signal passing through the data acquisition card.
Applications Claiming Priority (2)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN2022217007489 | 2022-06-30 | ||
| CN202221700748 | 2022-06-30 |
Publications (1)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| CN219151854U true CN219151854U (en) | 2023-06-09 |
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| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN202223021794.9U Active CN219151854U (en) | 2022-06-30 | 2022-11-12 | Differential backfill type friction stir spot welding torque measuring device and system |
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|---|---|
| CN (1) | CN219151854U (en) |
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2022
- 2022-11-12 CN CN202223021794.9U patent/CN219151854U/en active Active
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