CN219144323U

CN219144323U - Battery shell, battery and high-capacity battery

Info

Publication number: CN219144323U
Application number: CN202222418326.9U
Authority: CN
Inventors: 白晓峰; 陈�峰; 雷政军
Original assignee: Shaanxi Olympus Power Energy Co Ltd
Current assignee: Shaanxi Olympus Power Energy Co Ltd
Priority date: 2022-09-13
Filing date: 2022-09-13
Publication date: 2023-06-06
Anticipated expiration: 2032-09-13

Abstract

The utility model discloses a battery shell, a battery and a high-capacity battery, which comprises a shell body and a dissolving mechanism, wherein an opening is formed in the shell body, the dissolving mechanism is arranged on the outer surface of the shell body and covers the opening, the dissolving mechanism comprises a dissolving layer and an isolating layer, the dissolving layer can be dissolved in electrolyte, the isolating layer is a metal coating on the inner surface of the dissolving layer, and the inner surface of the dissolving layer is one surface of the dissolving layer relative to an inner cavity of the shell. The battery shell of the application can realize electrolyte sharing of a plurality of single batteries without mechanical operation, and is convenient to manufacture and reliable to use.

Description

Battery shell, battery and high-capacity battery

Technical Field

The utility model relates to the technical field of batteries, in particular to a battery shell, a battery and a high-capacity battery.

Background

In the aspect of application to the large-capacity lithium battery, a plurality of small batteries are mostly connected in parallel, so that the problems of consistency of the small batteries and battery management among the small batteries are solved, the existing large-capacity lithium battery is mainly filled and used with electrolyte independently, the overall working performance of the large-capacity lithium battery is poor, the consistency of the battery is worse and worse after long-term use, potential safety hazards exist, and the service life of the battery is seriously influenced.

The electrolyte cavity of the single battery is communicated with the electrolyte cavity of the large-capacity battery, so that all the single batteries are in a unified electrolyte system, the problem of poor consistency caused by different consumption of the single electrolyte in the operation process of the large-capacity battery can be solved, but the problem that how to communicate the electrolyte cavity of the single battery cell with the electrolyte cavity of the large-capacity battery is needed to be solved.

In the prior art, a liquid injection hole is formed in a battery top cover for mechanical liquid injection, but the mode is troublesome to operate, and an electrolyte cavity of a single battery cannot be automatically communicated with an electrolyte cavity of a large-capacity battery.

Patent CN1124905443a discloses a battery top cover, which is provided with a liquid injection hole on a battery manuscript to perform liquid injection of a battery, and still liquid injection is performed mechanically, and electrolyte sharing of a large-capacity battery cannot be formed.

Patent CN1120432058A discloses a battery cell and a battery, which also has a liquid injection hole on the cell for mechanical liquid injection.

Disclosure of Invention

In view of the above, it is desirable to provide a battery case that has a simple structure and does not require mechanical operation, and that can allow the electrolyte chamber of a single battery to communicate with the electrolyte chamber of a large-capacity battery.

The application provides a battery shell, including casing body and dissolution mechanism, be equipped with the opening on the casing body, dissolution mechanism locates casing body surface and cover the opening, dissolution mechanism includes dissolving layer and isolation layer, and the dissolving layer can dissolve in electrolyte, and the isolation layer does dissolve the metal coating of in-situ surface, dissolving in-situ surface is for dissolving the layer for the one side of casing inner chamber.

Further, the metal coating is an aluminum coating or a copper coating, and the thickness of the metal coating is 200-800 angstroms.

Further, a metal ring is arranged between the shell body and the dissolution mechanism, projection of an area in the metal ring covers the opening area, and a hot melt adhesive layer is arranged between the metal ring and the dissolution mechanism and between the metal ring and the shell body.

Further, a single-layer or multi-layer filter membrane is arranged between the shell body and the dissolution mechanism, the filter membrane covers the opening, and after the dissolution mechanism dissolves, electrolyte outside the battery enters the inner cavity of the shell through the filter membrane.

Further, an annular adhesive layer is arranged between the filter membrane and the shell body and between the filter membrane and the dissolution mechanism, the filter membrane is adhered and fixed with the shell body and the dissolution mechanism by the annular adhesive layer, and projections of an annular area of the annular adhesive layer cover the opening area.

Further, the filter membrane is made of one of Polytetrafluoroethylene (PTFE) microporous membrane, polyethylene (PE) microporous membrane, polypropylene (PP) microporous membrane or filter paper.

Further, the material of the dissolving layer is one of Polystyrene (PS), polymethyl methacrylate (PMMA), thermoplastic polyurethane elastomer rubber (TPU), polyacrylate resin copolymer (SMMA) and engineering plastic (ASA), and the thickness of the dissolving layer is not more than 2mm.

Further, the material of the hot melt adhesive layer is one of epoxy resin, modified polypropylene, modified polyethylene and tab adhesive.

Further, the annular adhesive layer is made of one of epoxy resin, modified polypropylene, modified polyethylene and tab adhesive.

In another aspect of the present application, a battery is provided that includes the aforementioned battery housing, an electrode assembly, and an electrolyte, the electrode assembly and the electrolyte being contained in the battery housing.

In another aspect of the present application, a high-capacity battery is provided, including a high-capacity battery housing and the foregoing battery, an electrolyte cavity is provided in the high-capacity battery housing, the electrolyte cavity is filled with electrolyte, and the battery is accommodated in the electrolyte cavity.

The utility model has the beneficial effects that:

the application provides a battery case has dissolving mechanism on the casing, and dissolving mechanism covers the casing opening, and the solution layer in the dissolving mechanism can dissolve in electrolyte, and the metal coating on the solution layer prevents that the electrolyte in the battery case from dissolving the solution layer. When no electrolyte exists outside the battery, the electrolyte inside the battery can not dissolve the dissolving layer, so that the internal sealing of the battery is realized. When a plurality of single batteries with the shell are formed into a large-capacity battery, the large-capacity battery is placed in an electrolyte cavity of the large-capacity battery, the dissolving layer is automatically dissolved, and electrolyte enters the inner cavity of the battery shell through the opening, so that the plurality of single batteries are in a common electrolyte environment, the difference of single batteries caused by different electrolyte consumption is eliminated, and the consistency and the service life of the battery pack are improved.

The filter membrane structure in the shell can allow electrolyte to freely pass through, impurities such as solid particles and the like can not pass through the filter membrane, and metal fragments and insoluble substances after dissolution of the dissolution sheet are prevented from entering the battery, so that the battery performance is influenced, and even short circuit is avoided.

The battery shell of the application can realize electrolyte sharing of a plurality of single batteries without mechanical operation, and is convenient to manufacture and reliable to use.

Additional advantages, objects, and features of the utility model will be set forth in part in the description which follows and in part will become apparent to those having ordinary skill in the art upon examination of the following or may be learned from practice of the utility model.

Drawings

In order to more clearly illustrate the embodiments of the utility model or the technical solutions in the prior art, the drawings that are required in the embodiments or the description of the prior art will be briefly described, it being obvious that the drawings in the following description are only some embodiments of the utility model, and that other drawings may be obtained according to these drawings without inventive effort for a person skilled in the art.

FIG. 1 is a schematic cross-sectional view of a battery housing according to an embodiment of the present application;

FIG. 2 is a schematic cross-sectional view of a battery housing according to an embodiment of the present application;

FIG. 3 is a schematic perspective view of a battery case according to an embodiment of the present disclosure;

fig. 4 is a schematic perspective view of a battery case according to an embodiment of the present application;

FIG. 5 is a schematic view of a battery according to an embodiment of the present disclosure;

fig. 6 is a schematic structural view of a large-capacity battery according to an embodiment of the present application.

Reference numerals:

1-a housing body; 2-a dissolution mechanism; 21-a dissolution layer; 22-isolating layer; 3-opening; 4-metal ring; -a hot melt adhesive layer; 6-filtering membrane; 7-an annular adhesive layer; 8-a large-capacity battery shell and 9-a large-capacity battery electrolyte cavity; 10-battery; 11-positive electrode post; 12-a negative electrode post.

Detailed Description

Example 1

As shown in fig. 1 and 2, this embodiment provides a battery case, including a case body 1 and a dissolution mechanism 2, an opening 3 is provided on the case body 1, the dissolution mechanism 2 is provided on the outer surface of the case body 1, and the dissolution mechanism 2 covers on the case opening 3, the dissolution mechanism 2 includes a dissolution layer 21 and an isolation layer 22, in this embodiment, the thickness of the dissolution layer 21 is 1.5mm, the material of the dissolution layer 21 is one of Polystyrene (PS), polymethyl methacrylate (PMMA), thermoplastic polyurethane elastomer rubber (TPU), polyacrylate resin copolymer (SMMA) and engineering plastic (ASA), the isolation layer 22 is a metal plating layer on the inner surface of the dissolution layer 21, and the inner surface of the dissolution layer 21 is one surface of the dissolution layer 21 opposite to the inner cavity of the case. In this embodiment, a metal ring 4 is disposed between the dissolution mechanism 2 and the casing body 1, a hot-melt adhesive layer 5 is disposed between the metal ring 4 and the casing body 1 and between the dissolution mechanism 2, the coating shape of the hot-melt adhesive layer 5 is an annular shape with the inner diameter and the outer diameter of the metal ring 4, the material of the hot-melt adhesive layer 5 is a modified polypropylene film, since the modified polypropylene is insoluble in the electrolyte, in order to ensure that the dissolution mechanism 2 is dissolved in the dissolution layer 21, the casing opening 3 is communicated with the inner cavity of the battery, the projection of the inner ring area CC of the metal ring 4 needs to cover the area AA of the casing opening 3, and the hot-melt adhesive layer 5 is located on the contact surface of the metal ring 4 and the dissolution mechanism 2 and the casing body 1, so as not to block the casing opening 3.

The use method of the metal ring 4 comprises the following steps: the metal ring 4 is placed on the outer surface of the shell opening 3, the shell body 1 and the dissolution mechanism 2 are arranged, the projection of an inner ring area CC of the metal ring 4 covers an area AA of the shell opening 3, the electromagnetic induction device is placed on the dissolution layer 21, the electromagnetic induction device is started, the electromagnetic induction is conducted to the metal ring 4, the metal ring 4 instantaneously heats, the modified polypropylene is melted when meeting heat, the melted modified polypropylene is used for bonding and fixing the metal ring 4 with the shell body 1 and the dissolution mechanism 2, and therefore the dissolution mechanism 2 is fixed on the shell body 1.

The metal plating layer is usually an aluminum plating layer or a copper plating layer, and is formed on the surface of the dissolved layer 21 by a vacuum evaporation process. The thickness of the metal coating is 200-800 angstroms. The aluminized layer or the copper-plated isolating layer is insoluble in electrolyte, has better brittleness, and the metal plating layer is extremely easy to break after the dissolving layer 21 is dissolved, can be used as a good isolating layer, and can isolate air and light-shielding effects.

Experiments prove that the materials of Polystyrene (PS), polymethyl acrylate (PMMA), thermoplastic polyurethane elastomer rubber (TPU), polyacrylate resin copolymer (SMMA) and engineering plastic (ASA) can be gradually dissolved by the electrolyte and disappear after being soaked in the conventional electrolyte for a period of time. Because the dissolution time of different materials in the electrolyte is different, according to actual use needs, different materials are selected to be used as the dissolution layer, the greater the thickness of the dissolution layer is, the longer the required dissolution time is, according to experimental results, the thickness of the dissolution layer is preferably less than 2mm, and the dissolution time is easy to fix and is suitable.

As shown in fig. 6, a plurality of single cells 10 with the case of this embodiment are placed in a shared electrolyte cavity 9 of a large-capacity cell, since the shared electrolyte cavity 9 is filled with electrolyte, the case opening 3 is immersed in the electrolyte, and since the metal plating layer is provided on the inner surface of the dissolution layer 21, the dissolution layer 21 is not dissolved by the electrolyte inside the single cell, and the dissolution layer 21 is only gradually dissolved by the electrolyte outside the single cell, that is, the electrolyte in the shared electrolyte cavity 10 of the large-capacity cell, and after the dissolution layer 21 is dissolved by the electrolyte, the thickness of the metal plating layer on the surface of the dissolution layer 21 is only 200 to 800 angstroms, which loses the support of the dissolution layer and breaks, so that the case opening 3 is opened, and the electrolyte flows into the inside of the single cell case under the fluid action of the electrolyte, thereby realizing the penetration of the electrolyte inside and outside the single cell.

In actual use, the batteries are different due to different consumption of electrolyte after being used for a period of time, so that the performances of the single batteries are different, the consistency of the batteries is different, a plurality of single batteries with the shell are arranged in electrolyte cavities of the large-capacity batteries, and as electrolyte is filled in the shared electrolyte cavities 10, after the dissolving layer 21 of the opening 3 of the shell is dissolved, the electrolyte of the large-capacity batteries flows into the batteries, so that the electrolyte cavities of all the single batteries are communicated with the electrolyte cavities of the large-capacity batteries, and the electrolyte of all the single batteries is in a unified state, so that the battery difference is reduced, and the consistency and stability of the batteries are improved, and the performances of the batteries are improved.

Example 2

As shown in fig. 3 and 4, this embodiment provides a battery housing, including a housing body 1 and a dissolution mechanism 2, an opening 3 is provided on the housing body 1, the dissolution mechanism 2 is provided on the outer surface of the housing body 1, and the dissolution mechanism covers on the housing opening 3, the dissolution mechanism 2 includes a dissolution layer 21 and an isolation layer 22, in this embodiment, the thickness of the dissolution layer 21 is 2mm, the material of the dissolution layer 21 is one of Polystyrene (PS), polymethyl acrylate (PMMA), thermoplastic polyurethane elastomer rubber (TPU), polyacrylate resin copolymer (SMMA) and engineering plastics (ASA), the isolation layer 22 is a metal plating layer on the inner surface of the dissolution layer 21, and the inner surface of the dissolution layer 21 is one surface of the dissolution layer 21 relative to the housing cavity. A filter membrane 6 is arranged between the shell body 1 and the dissolution mechanism 2, annular adhesive layers 7 are arranged on the upper surface and the lower surface of the filter membrane 6, namely, the annular adhesive layers 7 are positioned on the contact surfaces of the filter membrane 6 and the shell body 1 and the dissolution mechanism 2, the annular adhesive layers 7 are made of epoxy resin adhesive, modified polypropylene/polyethylene or one of tab adhesive, and because the annular adhesive layers 7 are insoluble in electrolyte, after the dissolution layer 21 is dissolved by the electrolyte, the electrolyte can flow into the opening 3 through the filter membrane 6, an in-loop area DD of the annular adhesive layers 7 is projected to cover an area AA of the shell opening 3, and the annular adhesive layers 7 cannot block the shell opening 3.

The filter membrane 6 is made of one of polytetrafluoroethylene, modified polypropylene, modified polyethylene or filter paper, and can be arranged in a single layer or multiple layers, and when the filter membrane is arranged in multiple layers, the filter membranes can be fixed in an adhesive or welding mode.

The metal plating layer on the surface of the dissolution layer 21 can be nickel plating or zinc plating in addition to aluminum plating or copper plating, and the plating layer can be formed on the dissolution layer surface 21 by adopting a vacuum evaporation process, or can be formed by adopting plating processes such as electroplating, chemical plating, electrochemical plating and the like, wherein the thickness of the metal plating layer is 200-800 angstroms, the length unit is 'angstroms', and the length unit is ten 'angstroms' is equal to 1 nanometer.

It will be readily appreciated by those skilled in the art that, in addition to the adhesive means for fixing the filter membrane 6 between the housing body 1 and the dissolution mechanism 2, a welding process such as ultrasonic welding, vibration welding and thermal welding may be used for the fixing.

Experiments prove that the materials of Polystyrene (PS), polymethyl acrylate (PMMA), thermoplastic polyurethane elastomer rubber (TPU), polyacrylate resin copolymer (SMMA) and engineering plastic (ASA) can be gradually dissolved by the electrolyte and disappear after being soaked in the conventional electrolyte for a period of time. Because the dissolution time of different materials in the electrolyte is different, according to actual use needs, the materials with different sizes are selected to be used as the dissolution layer, the greater the thickness of the dissolution layer is, the longer the dissolution time is required, and according to experimental results, the thickness of the dissolution layer is preferably less than 2mm and is easy to fix.

As shown in fig. 6, a plurality of single batteries with the case of this embodiment are placed in the shared electrolyte chamber 10 of the large-capacity battery, since the shared electrolyte chamber 6 is filled with electrolyte, the case opening 3 is immersed in the electrolyte, and since the metal plating layer is provided on the inner surface of the dissolution layer 21, the dissolution layer 21 is not dissolved by the electrolyte inside the single battery, and the dissolution layer 21 is only gradually dissolved by the electrolyte outside the single battery, that is, the electrolyte in the shared electrolyte chamber 10 of the large-capacity battery, and after the dissolution layer 21 is dissolved by the electrolyte, the thickness of the metal plating layer on the surface of the dissolution layer 21 is only 200 to 800 angstroms, which loses the support of the dissolution layer and breaks, so that the case opening 3 is opened, and the electrolyte flows into the inside of the single battery case under the fluid action of the electrolyte, thereby realizing the penetration of the inside and outside electrolyte of the single battery.

Example 3

As shown in fig. 5, a battery comprises a battery case 8 of embodiment 1 or embodiment 2, a battery positive electrode 11 and a battery negative electrode 12, an electrode assembly and an electrolyte are contained in the battery case, an opening 3 is formed in the bottom surface of the case 8, and a dissolution mechanism 2 is arranged at the opening. In order to meet the use requirement, the opening can be arranged at any position of the shell, can be positioned on the upper end surface, the side surface or the bottom surface of the shell 8, can be provided with one or more openings, can be provided with a dissolving mechanism only at one opening, and can be provided with a dissolving mechanism at a plurality of openings.

Example 4

As shown in fig. 6, a high-capacity battery comprises a high-capacity battery shell 8 and a plurality of batteries 10 of embodiment 3, wherein an electrolyte cavity 9 is arranged in the high-capacity battery shell, electrolyte is filled in the cavity, the plurality of batteries 10 are arranged in the electrolyte cavity 9, an opening 3 is arranged on the shell of the battery 10, a dissolving mechanism is arranged on the opening, the shell opening 3 is soaked in the electrolyte, and the inner surface of a dissolving layer 21 is provided with a metal coating, so that the dissolving layer 21 cannot be dissolved by the electrolyte in the single battery, the dissolving layer 21 is only gradually dissolved by the electrolyte outside the single battery, namely, the high-capacity battery shares the electrolyte in the electrolyte cavity 10, after the dissolving layer 21 is dissolved by the electrolyte, the thickness of the metal coating on the surface of the dissolving layer 21 is only 200-800 angstroms, and the support of the dissolving layer is lost, thereby the shell opening 3 is opened, and the electrolyte flows into the single battery shell under the fluid action of the electrolyte, so that the through between the inside of the single battery and the outside electrolyte is realized.

It will be understood that terms, such as "having," "including," and "comprising," as used herein, do not preclude the presence or addition of one or more other elements or groups thereof.

In the description of the embodiments of the present utility model, unless otherwise indicated, the meaning of "a plurality" means two or more. For example, a plurality of elements refers to two elements or more than two elements.

The term "and/or" herein is an association relationship describing an associated object, and means that there may be three relationships, for example, a display panel and/or a backlight, and may mean: there are three cases where the display panel alone exists, the display panel and the backlight exist at the same time, and the backlight exists alone. The symbol "/" herein indicates that the associated object is or is a relationship, e.g., input/output indicates input or output.

In embodiments of the utility model, words such as "exemplary" or "such as" are used to mean serving as an example, instance, or illustration. Any embodiment or design described herein as "exemplary" or "e.g." in an embodiment should not be taken as preferred or advantageous over other embodiments or designs. Rather, the use of words such as "exemplary" or "such as" is intended to present related concepts in a concrete fashion.

Although embodiments of the utility model have been disclosed above, they are not limited to the use listed in the specification and embodiments. It can be applied to various fields suitable for the present utility model. Additional modifications will readily occur to those skilled in the art. Therefore, the utility model is not to be limited to the specific details and illustrations shown and described herein, without departing from the general concepts defined in the claims and their equivalents.

Claims

1. The utility model provides a battery casing, its characterized in that includes casing body and dissolving mechanism, be equipped with the opening on the casing body, dissolving mechanism locates casing body surface and cover the opening, dissolving mechanism includes dissolving layer and isolation layer, and the dissolving layer can dissolve in electrolyte, and the isolation layer is the metal coating of dissolving in-situ surface, dissolving in-situ surface is the dissolving layer is for the one side of casing inner chamber.

2. The battery case according to claim 1, wherein the metal plating layer is an aluminum plating layer or a copper plating layer, and the thickness of the metal plating layer is 200 to 800 angstroms.

3. The battery case according to claim 1, wherein a metal ring is provided between the case body and the dissolution mechanism, a projection of an area within the metal ring covers the opening area, and a hot melt adhesive layer is provided between the metal ring and the dissolution mechanism and the case body.

4. The battery case according to claim 1, wherein a single-layer or multi-layer filter membrane is provided between the case body and the dissolution mechanism, the filter membrane covering the opening, and when the dissolution mechanism dissolves, electrolyte outside the battery enters the case cavity through the filter membrane.

5. The battery case according to claim 4, wherein an annular adhesive layer is provided between the filter membrane and the case body and between the filter membrane and the dissolution mechanism, the annular adhesive layer adhesively fixes the filter membrane to the case body and the dissolution mechanism, and projections of an area within the annular adhesive layer cover the opening area.

6. The battery case according to claim 4, wherein the filter membrane is one of Polytetrafluoroethylene (PTFE), polyethylene (PE), polypropylene (PP) or filter paper.

7. The battery case according to claim 1, wherein the dissolution layer is one of Polystyrene (PS), polymethyl methacrylate (PMMA), thermoplastic polyurethane elastomer rubber (TPU), polyacrylate resin copolymer (SMMA), engineering plastic (ASA), and the dissolution layer has a thickness of not more than 2mm.

8. The battery case according to claim 3, wherein the material of the hot melt adhesive layer is one of epoxy resin, modified polypropylene, modified polyethylene, and tab adhesive.

9. The battery case according to claim 5, wherein the annular adhesive layer is made of one of epoxy resin, modified polypropylene, modified polyethylene and tab adhesive.

10. A battery comprising the battery case according to any one of claims 1 to 9, an electrode assembly, and an electrolyte, the electrode assembly and the electrolyte being contained in the battery case.

11. A high capacity battery comprising a high capacity battery housing having an electrolyte chamber filled with electrolyte and a plurality of batteries according to claim 10, the batteries being accommodated in the electrolyte chamber.