CN219130692U

CN219130692U - Pouring structure for sand casting

Info

Publication number: CN219130692U
Application number: CN202223025263.7U
Authority: CN
Inventors: 刘锋; 李卓彦; 秦虎; 郭荣; 仲维
Original assignee: Himile Mechanical Science and Technology Shandong Co Ltd
Current assignee: Himile Mechanical Science and Technology Shandong Co Ltd
Priority date: 2022-11-15
Filing date: 2022-11-15
Publication date: 2023-06-06
Anticipated expiration: 2032-11-15

Abstract

The utility model discloses a pouring structure for sand casting, which belongs to the technical field of casting and comprises a straight pouring gate, a horizontal pouring gate, a filtering component and an inner pouring gate which are sequentially communicated, wherein the inner pouring gate is of a multi-section structure and comprises a first inner pouring gate section, a transitional inner pouring gate and a second inner pouring gate section which are sequentially communicated, and the first inner pouring gate section is communicated with the filtering component; the second ingate section is communicated with the cavity; the transition ingate is of a reducing structure which gradually expands along the molten iron flow direction; the ratio of the sectional areas of the sprue and the runner is 1:2; the ratio of the cross-sectional areas of the sprue and the first ingate section is 1:1; the ratio of the cross sectional areas of the sprue and the second ingate section is 1:3; the utility model can effectively avoid the foam ceramic filter piece from being exposed to high-temperature air for a long time, can effectively ensure the strength of the foam ceramic filter piece, prevent the foam ceramic filter piece from being broken and improve the filtering capability; meanwhile, the flow rate of molten iron can be effectively reduced, and secondary slag is avoided.

Description

Pouring structure for sand casting

Technical Field

The utility model relates to a pouring structure for sand casting, and belongs to the technical field of casting.

Background

The casting is a technological process of smelting metal into liquid meeting certain requirement, pouring the liquid into casting mould, cooling, solidifying and cleaning to obtain the casting with preset shape, size and performance. The gating system serves as a channel for introducing liquid metal into the casting cavity and opens up in the mold.

For sand casting, in order to improve the surface quality of a casting and avoid secondary oxidizing slag in the casting process, the molten iron needs to be ensured to be stably filled in a cavity in the casting process, so that an open casting system is commonly selected in the prior art: in the condition that Sigma F is smaller than Sigma F and smaller than Sigma F (the cross-sectional area of the runner), the slag blocking effect exerted by the runner is very small due to the characteristics of an open pouring system (the condition that Sigma F is smaller than Sigma F and smaller than Sigma F), so that a ceramic foam filter sheet is usually placed below the runner in the pouring process and used for filtering impurities in initial molten iron. However, due to the influence of the casting structure, in order to facilitate the placement of a pouring system and reduce the height of a part of the sand box, a cross runner of a part of products and a foam ceramic filter plate are positioned in the middle position of the side surface height space of the casting, and due to the characteristics of an open pouring system (Sigma F is smaller than Sigma F ), molten iron can be in a state of being not full for a long time during pouring of the cross runner, the molten iron can not completely wrap the foam ceramic filter plate, so that the foam ceramic filter plate is exposed in high-temperature air for a long time, the strength of the foam ceramic filter plate is reduced, and the foam ceramic filter plate is broken, so that the casting quality is influenced.

And, the ingate area of the open runner is greater than the ingate area and greater than the sprue area, the higher the ingate is, the faster the flow rate of molten iron entering the ingate is, and the more the flow rate of molten iron flowing into the ingate is (the greater the ingate area is), so the longer the molten iron is filled in the ingate, and as the position of the ingate is increased, the time of the ingate being filled with molten iron is gradually prolonged, and the risk of crushing the foamed ceramic filter sheet is also gradually increased.

In summary, it is clear that the prior art has inconvenience and defects in practical use, so that improvement is needed.

Disclosure of Invention

Aiming at the defects, the utility model provides the casting structure for sand casting, which can effectively prevent the foam ceramic filter plate from being exposed to high-temperature air for a long time, effectively ensure the strength of the foam ceramic filter plate, prevent the foam ceramic filter plate from being broken and improve the filtering capacity; meanwhile, the flow rate of molten iron can be effectively reduced, and secondary slag is avoided.

In order to solve the technical problems, the utility model adopts the following technical scheme: the pouring structure for sand casting comprises a sprue, a cross runner, a filtering component and an inner runner which are communicated in sequence, wherein the inner runner is of a multi-section structure and comprises a first inner runner section, a transitional inner runner and a second inner runner section which are communicated in sequence, and the first inner runner section is communicated with the filtering component; the second ingate section is communicated with the cavity;

the transition ingate is of a reducing structure which gradually expands along the molten iron flow direction;

the ratio of the sectional areas of the sprue to the cross gate is 1:2;

the ratio of the cross sections of the sprue and the first inner runner section is 1:1;

the ratio of the cross-sectional areas of the sprue and the second ingate segment is 1:3.

Further, the filtering assembly comprises an upper connecting pouring gate, a lower connecting pouring gate and a foam ceramic filter disc, and the foam ceramic filter disc is positioned between the upper connecting pouring gate and the lower connecting pouring gate;

the upper part of the upper connecting runner is communicated with the bottom of the cross runner; the bottom of the lower connecting runner is communicated with the first inner runner section.

Further, the cross section of the cross runner is trapezoid with the ratio of the high side to the long side being in the range of 1.5-2, and the cross runner is arranged in the upper sand mould.

Further, the sections of the upper connecting pouring gate and the lower connecting pouring gate are trapezoidal, the ratio of the high bottom edge to the long bottom edge is in the range of 0.5-0.8, and the upper connecting pouring gate is positioned in the upper sand mould;

the width of the upper connecting pouring gate and the width of the lower connecting pouring gate are larger than those of the cross pouring gate, and the cross pouring gate is positioned at the center of the width direction of the upper connecting pouring gate.

Further, the ratio of the cross-sectional area of the small diameter end to the large diameter end of the transition ingate is 1:3.

Further, the foam ceramic filter piece is of a cuboid structure, the foam ceramic filter piece is located on a lower sand mold, and the sand mold is separated from the foam ceramic filter piece.

Further, the straight pouring gate is a cylindrical cavity which is vertically arranged, and the straight pouring gate is formed by embedding a ceramic tube in a sand mold;

the sprue and the cross runner are communicated through a sprue nest.

Further, the sprue nest is formed by connecting two symmetrical truncated cone large heads, and a cavity structure of the sprue nest is formed by shaping a template die;

the upper part of the sprue nest is provided with an inlet connected with the sprue, and the side part of the sprue nest is provided with a plurality of diversion outlets; each split outlet is connected with one cross runner, and a plurality of cross runners form a multi-flow-direction structure.

Further, the top of the sprue is connected with a pouring cup, and the bottom of the pouring cup is communicated with the sprue through a ceramic tube.

Further, the ingate is provided with a plurality of ingates which are uniformly distributed along the cross runners.

After the technical scheme is adopted, compared with the prior art, the utility model has the following advantages:

1. the cross section area of the sprue is minimum, so that the molten iron flow and the filling time can be effectively controlled, and meanwhile, the flow rate of the molten iron can be effectively reduced and secondary slag is avoided through the reducing design of the sprue nest and the transitional inner runner;

meanwhile, the sectional area of the first ingate section serving as the ingate inlet section is the same as that of the sprue, so that the outflow of molten iron of the sprue can be reduced, the molten iron is guaranteed to rapidly wrap the foam ceramic filter sheet, the foam ceramic filter sheet is effectively prevented from being exposed in high-temperature air for a long time, the strength of the foam ceramic filter sheet can be effectively guaranteed, the service time of the foam ceramic filter sheet in the effective strength is prolonged to the greatest extent, and the foam ceramic filter sheet is prevented from being broken.

2. According to the utility model, by changing the cross-sectional area proportion of the inner runner, the cross runner and the straight runner, the filtering capacity of the ceramic foam filter sheet can be effectively improved and the use quantity of the ceramic foam filter sheet can be reduced for products with high cross runner positions.

3. According to the utility model, the runner is placed in the upper sand mould of the sand mould, so that the molding is convenient, the overall sand box height and the sand-iron ratio are reduced, and the casting cost is reduced.

The utility model will now be described in detail with reference to the drawings and examples.

Drawings

FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of the structure of the present utility model;

FIG. 2 is a bottom view of the present utility model;

fig. 3 is a cross-sectional view A-A of fig. 2.

In the drawing the view of the figure,

the casting mold comprises a pouring cup 1-, a sprue 2-sprue, a sprue nest 3-sprue, a runner 4-sprue, a runner 5-upper connecting runner, a runner 6-lower connecting runner, a ceramic foam filter sheet 7-, a first runner section 8-a transition runner 9-a second runner section 10-and a cavity 11-.

Detailed Description

For a clearer understanding of technical features, objects, and effects of the present utility model, a specific embodiment of the present utility model will be described with reference to the accompanying drawings.

Examples

As shown in fig. 1-3 together, the utility model provides a pouring structure for sand casting, which comprises a sprue 2, a runner 4 and an inner runner which are communicated in sequence; the ratio of the cross-sectional areas of the sprue 2 and the runner 4 is 1:2. The sprue 2 is a cylindrical cavity which is vertically arranged, and the sprue 2 is formed by embedding a ceramic tube in a sand mold; the sprue 2 and the cross runner 4 are communicated through a sprue nest 3, and a cavity structure of the sprue nest 3 is formed by shaping a template die; the sprue nest 3 is formed by connecting two symmetrical truncated cones, an inlet connected with the sprue 2 is formed in the upper portion of the sprue nest 3, a plurality of split-flow outlets are uniformly formed in the circumferential direction of the side portion of the sprue nest 3, each split-flow outlet is connected with one cross runner 4, the plurality of cross runners 4 form a multi-flow-direction structure, and molten iron is guided to flow in a plurality of directions so as to control molten iron to be uniformly filled; in this embodiment, the sprue nest 3 is provided with two outlets, and the two outlets are symmetrically arranged at two sides of the sprue nest 3.

The top of the sprue 2 is connected with the sprue cup 1, the bottom of the sprue cup 1 is provided with a ceramic tube with the same diameter as the sprue 2, and the sprue 2 is communicated with the ceramic tube.

The cross runner 4 is a trapezoid with a section with a ratio of a high bottom edge to a long bottom edge within a range of 1.5-2, and is a narrow high trapezoid; the cross gate 4 is arranged in the upper sand mould, and the cross gate 4 is obtained through sand moulding during sand mould moulding.

The pouring structure further comprises a filtering component, the filtering component is arranged between the horizontal pouring channel 4 and the inner pouring channel, the filtering component comprises a foam ceramic filter disc 7, and two sides of the foam ceramic filter disc 7 are respectively communicated with the horizontal pouring channel 4 and the inner pouring channel; the foam ceramic filter sheet 7 is of a cuboid structure, the foam ceramic filter sheet 7 is positioned on a lower sand mold, and the sand mold is separated from the foam ceramic filter sheet 7.

The filtering assembly further comprises an upper connecting pouring gate 5 and a lower connecting pouring gate 6, the upper connecting pouring gate 5 is positioned above the lower connecting pouring gate 6, the foam ceramic filter disc 7 is positioned between the upper connecting pouring gate 5 and the lower connecting pouring gate 6, the upper connecting pouring gate 5 is positioned at the bottom of the transverse pouring gate 4, and the upper end of the upper connecting pouring gate 5 is communicated with the transverse pouring gate 4; the bottom of the lower connecting runner 6 is communicated with the inner runner.

The upper connecting pouring gate 5 and the lower connecting pouring gate 6 are trapezoids with the cross sections both in the range of 0.5-0.8 of the ratio of the high side to the long side, namely, the trapezoids are short and tall, and the upper connecting pouring gate 5 is positioned on an upper sand mould; the widths of the upper connecting pouring gate 5 and the lower connecting pouring gate 6 are larger than the width of the transverse pouring gate 4, and the transverse pouring gate 4 is positioned at the center of the upper connecting pouring gate 5 in the width direction; the upper connecting runner 5 and the lower connecting runner 6 can widen the area of the cross runner 4 so as to achieve the purpose of widening the filtering area of the filtering component.

The inner runner is formed by embedding the ceramic tube in the sand mold, and is communicated with the cavity 11.

The inner runners are provided with a plurality of channels, and the plurality of channels are uniformly distributed along the cross runners; the inner pouring gate is of a multi-section structure and comprises a first inner pouring gate section 8, a transitional inner pouring gate 9 and a second inner pouring gate section 10 which are sequentially communicated, wherein the diameter of the first inner pouring gate section 8 is the same as that of the straight pouring gate 2, namely the ratio of the cross sections of the straight pouring gate 2 and the first inner pouring gate section 8 is 1:1; the initial end of the first ingate section 8 is communicated with the lower connecting runner 6.

The transition ingate 9 is of a variable diameter structure, the diameter of the transition ingate 9 is gradually increased along the flow direction of molten iron, and the ratio of the sectional areas of the small diameter end and the large diameter end of the transition ingate 9 is 1:3.

The diameter of the second inner pouring gate section 10 is the same as that of the large diameter end of the transition inner pouring gate 9, and the ratio of the cross section area of the straight pouring gate 2 to the cross section area of the second inner pouring gate section 10 is 1:3.

The working principle of the utility model is as follows:

during pouring, the flowing sequence of molten iron in a pouring system is as follows: pouring cup-sprue nest-sprue-foam ceramic filter disc-inner sprue-cavity. After pouring, pouring molten iron from a ladle into a pouring cup; the molten iron enters the sprue through a ceramic pipe connected with the sprue at the bottom of the pouring cup, and the flow rate of the molten iron in the sprue is very high due to the vertical structure of the sprue; after the high-speed molten iron passes through the sprue, the high-speed molten iron vertically falls into a sprue nest below the sprue, and the flow rate of the molten iron is reduced through the buffer effect of the sprue nest, so that the stable flow of the molten iron is ensured.

Molten iron is buffered by the sprue nest and then flows into the cross gate, the cross gate sectional area is twice that of the sprue, the flow velocity of the molten iron in the cross gate is relatively gentle, the slag forming capacity of the molten iron is reduced, meanwhile, the cross section of the cross gate is in a narrow and high trapezoid shape, the molten iron can be ensured to be rapidly spread on the bottom of the cross gate, and the dirty molten iron containing scum is floated on the top of the cross gate; molten iron flows to the filtering component through the transverse pouring gate, in the flowing process of the molten iron, clean molten iron at the bottom of the transverse pouring gate enters the lower connecting pouring gate below the foam ceramic filter plate after being filtered by the foam ceramic filter plate, and dirty molten iron with scum at the top gradually enters the upper connecting pouring gate above the foam ceramic filter plate along with filling of the molten iron; molten iron filtered by the foam ceramic filter plate enters the cavity through the inner runner at the bottom of the lower connecting runner.

Because the inner pouring gate is of a multi-section structure, the sectional area of the first inner pouring gate section is smaller and is the same as that of the straight pouring gate, in the initial stage of filling, the amount of molten iron flowing out of the inner pouring gate is small, the outflow of molten iron of the cross pouring gate can be effectively reduced, the total amount of molten iron in the cross pouring gate is increased, the filling time of the cross pouring gate is accelerated, the ceramic foam filter plate is guaranteed to be completely wrapped by molten iron as soon as possible, the strength of the ceramic foam filter plate is improved, and meanwhile, the total filling time is not changed;

in the process, as the molten iron in the cross gate is gradually increased, the quantity of the inner gates for discharging the molten iron is gradually increased, and when all the inner gates are used for discharging the molten iron, the total quantity of the molten iron in the cross gate is consistent with the total quantity of the molten iron discharged, and balance is achieved at the moment.

The molten iron in the cross pouring gate is more and less in the initial stage of filling, so that the cross pouring gate is ensured to be filled with molten iron in a short time, but the cross pouring gate has small cross section area, so that the flow speed of the molten iron is high, and the risk of secondary slagging is caused.

The foregoing is illustrative of the best mode of carrying out the utility model, and is not presented in any detail as is known to those of ordinary skill in the art. The protection scope of the utility model is defined by the claims, and any equivalent transformation based on the technical teaching of the utility model is also within the protection scope of the utility model.

Claims

1. The utility model provides a pouring structure for sand casting, includes sprue (2), cross gate (4), filtration subassembly, the ingate that communicate in proper order, its characterized in that: the inner pouring gate is of a multi-section structure and comprises a first inner pouring gate section (8), a transition inner pouring gate (9) and a second inner pouring gate section (10) which are communicated in sequence, wherein the first inner pouring gate section (8) is communicated with the filtering component; the second ingate section (10) is communicated with the cavity;

the transition ingate (9) is of a reducing structure which gradually expands along the molten iron flow direction;

the ratio of the sectional areas of the sprue (2) and the runner (4) is 1:2;

the ratio of the cross section area of the sprue (2) to the first ingate section (8) is 1:1;

the ratio of the cross-sectional areas of the sprue (2) and the second ingate section (10) is 1:3.

2. A casting structure for sand casting as claimed in claim 1, wherein: the filtering assembly comprises an upper connecting pouring gate (5), a lower connecting pouring gate (6) and a foam ceramic filter disc (7), wherein the foam ceramic filter disc (7) is positioned between the upper connecting pouring gate (5) and the lower connecting pouring gate (6);

the upper part of the upper connecting runner (5) is communicated with the bottom of the cross runner (4); the bottom of the lower connecting runner (6) is communicated with the first inner runner section (8).

3. A casting structure for sand casting as claimed in claim 1, wherein: the cross section of the cross runner (4) is trapezoid with the ratio of the high side to the long side being in the range of 1.5-2, and the cross runner (4) is arranged in the upper sand mould.

4. A casting structure for sand casting as claimed in claim 2, wherein: the sections of the upper connecting pouring gate (5) and the lower connecting pouring gate (6) are trapezoidal, the ratio of the high side to the long side is in the range of 0.5-0.8, and the upper connecting pouring gate (5) is positioned in an upper sand mould;

the width of the upper connecting runner (5) and the width of the lower connecting runner (6) are larger than the width of the cross runner (4), and the cross runner (4) is positioned at the center of the width direction of the upper connecting runner (5).

5. A casting structure for sand casting as claimed in claim 1, wherein: the ratio of the cross section area of the small diameter end to the large diameter end of the transition ingate (9) is 1:3.

6. A casting structure for sand casting as claimed in claim 2, wherein: the foam ceramic filter disc (7) is of a cuboid structure, the foam ceramic filter disc (7) is located on a lower sand mould, and the sand mould is separated from the foam ceramic filter disc (7).

7. A casting structure for sand casting as claimed in claim 1, wherein: the sprue (2) is a cylindrical cavity which is vertically arranged, and is formed by embedding a ceramic tube in a sand mold;

the sprue (2) is communicated with the cross runner (4) through a sprue nest (3).

8. A casting structure for sand casting as claimed in claim 7, wherein: the sprue nest (3) is formed by connecting two symmetrical truncated cone large heads, and a cavity structure of the sprue nest (3) is formed by shaping a template die;

an inlet connected with the sprue (2) is formed in the upper part of the sprue nest (3), and a plurality of diversion outlets are formed in the side part of the sprue nest (3); each split outlet is connected with one cross runner (4), and the plurality of cross runners (4) form a multi-flow-direction structure.

9. A casting structure for sand casting as claimed in claim 1, wherein: the top of the sprue (2) is connected with the pouring cup (1), and the bottom of the pouring cup (1) is communicated with the sprue (2) through a ceramic tube.

10. A casting structure for sand casting as claimed in claim 1, wherein: the inner runners are provided with a plurality of channels, and the plurality of channels are uniformly distributed along the cross runners (4).