CN219121048U - Side-blown smelting furnace - Google Patents
Side-blown smelting furnace Download PDFInfo
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- CN219121048U CN219121048U CN202223216413.2U CN202223216413U CN219121048U CN 219121048 U CN219121048 U CN 219121048U CN 202223216413 U CN202223216413 U CN 202223216413U CN 219121048 U CN219121048 U CN 219121048U
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Abstract
The utility model relates to the technical field of smelting furnaces, in particular to a side-blown smelting furnace. The side-blown smelting furnace comprises a furnace body, a flue and a blowing pipe; the furnace body is provided with a smelting zone of the present bed and a sedimentation zone of the front bed; the side wall of the smelting zone of the synthetic bed surrounded by the furnace body is provided with a feed inlet and a primary air port, and the furnace body is provided with a discharge port communicated with the settling zone of the front bed; the flue is connected to the top of the furnace body and is communicated with the inside of the furnace body; the blowing pipe is connected to the top of the side wall of the smelting area surrounding the composite bed; the material inlet is used for adding materials into the bed smelting area, the primary air inlet is used for introducing oxygen-enriched air into the bed smelting area, and the injection pipe is used for injecting the oxygen-enriched air from the top of the bed smelting area to the bottom of the bed smelting area. The side-blown smelting furnace has the advantages of simple structure, convenient use and capability of reducing smelting energy consumption.
Description
Technical Field
The utility model relates to the technical field of smelting furnaces, in particular to a side-blown smelting furnace.
Background
Compared with other smelting furnaces, the side-blown smelting furnace has the characteristics of strong adaptability, simple process, high continuous operation rate, long service life of the furnace, good operation condition, high metal direct yield and the like, and is rapidly applied and developed in the nonferrous smelting industries of copper, lead, zinc and the like in recent years. However, the side-blown smelting furnace still has the problem of high smelting energy consumption in the fields of disposing mineral resources mainly comprising oxides such as laterite nickel ore, and dangerous waste resources such as copper-containing or nickel sludge.
Disclosure of Invention
The utility model aims to provide a side-blown smelting furnace which is simple in structure, convenient to use and capable of reducing smelting energy consumption.
Embodiments of the present utility model are implemented as follows:
the utility model provides a side-blown smelting furnace, which comprises a furnace body, a flue and a blowing pipe, wherein the furnace body is provided with a gas inlet pipe;
the furnace body is provided with a smelting zone of the present bed and a sedimentation zone of the front bed; the side wall of the smelting zone of the synthetic bed surrounded by the furnace body is provided with a feed inlet and a primary air port, and the furnace body is provided with a discharge port communicated with the settling zone of the front bed; the flue is connected to the top of the furnace body and is communicated with the inside of the furnace body; the blowing pipe is connected to the top of the side wall of the smelting area surrounding the composite bed;
the material inlet is used for adding materials into the bed smelting area, the primary air inlet is used for introducing oxygen-enriched air into the bed smelting area, and the injection pipe is used for injecting the oxygen-enriched air from the top of the bed smelting area to the bottom of the bed smelting area.
In an alternative embodiment, the side-blown smelting furnace comprises a plurality of lance pipes which are arranged in sequence in the direction from the hearth smelting zone to the fore-hearth settling zone.
In an alternative embodiment, the lance is movably connected to the furnace body in the vertical direction.
In an alternative embodiment, the side-blown smelting furnace includes a multi-channel lance connected to the primary tuyere for introducing oxygen enriched air or pulverized coal into the hearth smelting zone.
In an alternative embodiment, the furnace body is also provided with a secondary air port, and the secondary air port is arranged at the communication part of the flue and the furnace body; the secondary air port is used for blowing oxygen-enriched air into the furnace body.
In an alternative embodiment, the secondary tuyere is located above the primary tuyere.
In an alternative embodiment, the side-blown smelting furnace further comprises a heat supplementing assembly connected to the furnace body, the heat supplementing assembly being used for heating the melt in the front bed settling zone.
In alternative embodiments, the supplemental heat assembly includes a diesel burner or a heater electrode.
In an alternative embodiment, the discharge port comprises a matte outlet and a slag outlet which are communicated with the settling zone of the front bed.
In an alternative embodiment, the tapping orifice is located above the tapping orifice.
The beneficial effects of the embodiment of the utility model include:
the side-blown smelting furnace comprises a furnace body, a flue and a blowing pipe; the furnace body is provided with a smelting zone of the present bed and a sedimentation zone of the front bed; the side wall of the smelting zone of the synthetic bed surrounded by the furnace body is provided with a feed inlet and a primary air port, and the furnace body is provided with a discharge port communicated with the settling zone of the front bed; the flue is connected to the top of the furnace body and is communicated with the inside of the furnace body; the blowing pipe is connected to the top of the side wall of the smelting area surrounding the composite bed; the material inlet is used for adding materials into the bed smelting area, the primary air inlet is used for introducing oxygen-enriched air into the bed smelting area, and the injection pipe is used for injecting the oxygen-enriched air from the top of the bed smelting area to the bottom of the bed smelting area. The side-blown smelting furnace has the advantages of simple structure, convenient use and capability of reducing smelting energy consumption.
Drawings
In order to more clearly illustrate the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present utility model, the drawings that are needed in the embodiments will be briefly described below, it being understood that the following drawings only illustrate some embodiments of the present utility model and therefore should not be considered as limiting the scope, and other related drawings may be obtained according to these drawings without inventive effort for a person skilled in the art.
Fig. 1 is a schematic structural view of a side-blown smelting furnace in an embodiment of the utility model.
200-side-blowing smelting furnace; 210-a furnace body; 220-flue; 230-blowing pipe; 211-a feed inlet; 212-primary tuyere; 213-a discharge port; 214-a secondary air port; 240-a supplemental heat component; 215-matte port; 216-slag tap.
Detailed Description
For the purpose of making the objects, technical solutions and advantages of the embodiments of the present utility model more apparent, the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present utility model will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings in the embodiments of the present utility model, and it is apparent that the described embodiments are some embodiments of the present utility model, but not all embodiments of the present utility model. The components of the embodiments of the present utility model generally described and illustrated in the figures herein may be arranged and designed in a wide variety of different configurations.
Thus, the following detailed description of the embodiments of the utility model, as presented in the figures, is not intended to limit the scope of the utility model, as claimed, but is merely representative of selected embodiments of the utility model. All other embodiments, which can be made by those skilled in the art based on the embodiments of the utility model without making any inventive effort, are intended to be within the scope of the utility model.
It should be noted that: like reference numerals and letters denote like items in the following figures, and thus once an item is defined in one figure, no further definition or explanation thereof is necessary in the following figures.
In the description of the present utility model, it should be noted that, directions or positional relationships indicated by terms such as "center", "upper", "lower", "left", "right", "vertical", "horizontal", "inner", "outer", etc., are directions or positional relationships based on those shown in the drawings, or are directions or positional relationships conventionally put in use of the inventive product, are merely for convenience of describing the present utility model and simplifying the description, and are not indicative or implying that the apparatus or element to be referred to must have a specific direction, be constructed and operated in a specific direction, and thus should not be construed as limiting the present utility model. Furthermore, the terms "first," "second," "third," and the like are used merely to distinguish between descriptions and should not be construed as indicating or implying relative importance.
Furthermore, the terms "horizontal," "vertical," and the like do not denote a requirement that the component be absolutely horizontal or overhang, but rather may be slightly inclined. As "horizontal" merely means that its direction is more horizontal than "vertical", and does not mean that the structure must be perfectly horizontal, but may be slightly inclined.
In the description of the present utility model, it should also be noted that, unless explicitly specified and limited otherwise, the terms "disposed," "mounted," "connected," and "connected" are to be construed broadly, and may be, for example, fixedly connected, detachably connected, or integrally connected; can be mechanically or electrically connected; can be directly connected or indirectly connected through an intermediate medium, and can be communication between two elements. The specific meaning of the above terms in the present utility model will be understood in specific cases by those of ordinary skill in the art.
Referring to fig. 1, the present embodiment provides a side-blown smelting furnace 200, wherein the side-blown smelting furnace 200 includes a furnace body 210, a flue 220 and a lance 230;
the furnace 210 is configured with a bunk smelting zone (shown as reference a in fig. 1) and a forehearth settling zone (shown as reference B in fig. 1); the side wall of the smelting zone of the synthetic bed surrounded by the furnace body 210 is provided with a feed inlet 211 and a primary air inlet 212, and the furnace body 210 is provided with a discharge outlet 213 communicated with the settling zone of the front bed; the flue 220 is connected to the top of the furnace body 210 and is communicated with the inside of the furnace body 210; the blowing pipe 230 is connected to the top of the side wall surrounding the smelting area of the composite bed;
wherein the feed port 211 is used for feeding materials into the present bed smelting zone, the primary air port 212 is used for introducing oxygen-enriched air into the present bed smelting zone, and the injection pipe 230 is used for injecting the oxygen-enriched air from the top of the present bed smelting zone to the bottom of the present bed smelting zone.
Referring to fig. 1, the working principle of the side-blown smelting furnace 200 is:
the side-blown smelting furnace 200 includes a furnace body 210, a flue 220, and a lance 230; wherein the furnace body 210 is provided with a present bed smelting zone and a fore-bed settling zone; the side wall of the smelting zone of the synthetic bed surrounded by the furnace body 210 is provided with a feed inlet 211 and a primary air inlet 212, and the furnace body 210 is provided with a discharge outlet 213 communicated with the settling zone of the front bed; in the process of smelting in the side-blown smelting furnace 200, materials are added into the bed smelting area through a feed inlet 211 and are used for introducing oxygen-enriched air into the bed smelting area through a primary air inlet 212, so that the materials are smelted in the bed smelting area, and the formed solution flows towards the direction of a settling area of the front bed; during smelting, flue gas generated in the furnace body 210 is intensively led out through the flue 220 and can enter a waste heat boiler for waste heat recovery;
in the process, oxygen-enriched air can be sprayed from the top of the bed smelting zone to the bottom of the bed smelting zone through the spraying pipe 230, and then the oxygen-enriched air is sprayed through the top, so that the oxygen-enriched air is vertically sprayed to the surface of the melt, and then carbon monoxide-containing flue gas generated in the furnace body 210 is pressed down and approaches the surface of the melt to be fully combusted, and then the heat radiation of the part is conducted back to the melt, thereby improving the heat utilization rate of the flue gas and greatly reducing the smelting energy consumption;
in conclusion, the side-blown smelting furnace 200 has a simple structure, is convenient to use, and can reduce smelting energy consumption.
Further, referring to fig. 1, when the lance 230 is provided, one or more lances 230 may be provided according to smelting conditions, and in the case that the side-blown smelting furnace 200 includes a plurality of lances 230, the plurality of lances 230 may be sequentially arranged along the direction from the hearth smelting zone to the fore-hearth settling zone.
Also, when the lance 230 is installed, the lance 230 may be movably connected with the furnace body 210 in the vertical direction. Through such a setting mode, the length of the blowing pipe 230 in the furnace body 210 can be adjusted by the movement of the blowing pipe 230 along the vertical direction, and then when abnormal conditions such as long-time furnace shutdown and the like occur in the smelting process, the effect of quickly heating and stirring a molten pool can be achieved through the adjustment of the depth of the top blowing pipe 230 inserted into the furnace body 210, so that the furnace condition can be quickly adjusted, and the purpose of quickly recovering production can be achieved. The height of the top oxygen-enriched injection pipe 230 can be adjusted according to the site condition under the condition that the furnace condition fluctuates due to the adjustable height of the injection pipe 230, so that a slag adhering layer and the like can be rapidly eliminated;
further, referring to fig. 1, in the embodiment, if the fuel is granular coal during smelting, the granular coal may be added together with the material to be smelted through the feed inlet 211; when the fuel is pulverized coal, the pulverized coal may be fed through the primary tuyere 212, and in this case, in order to enable the pulverized coal to be fed through the primary tuyere 212, the side-blown smelting furnace 200 includes a multi-channel lance connected to the primary tuyere 212 for introducing oxygen-enriched air or pulverized coal into the hearth smelting zone.
In addition to the above-described structure, the side-blown smelting furnace 200 includes the following structure: the furnace body 210 is also provided with a secondary air port 214, and the secondary air port 214 is arranged at the communication position of the flue 220 and the furnace body 210; the secondary air port 214 is used for blowing oxygen-enriched air into the furnace body 210; the secondary tuyere 214 is located above the primary tuyere 212. Outside of this, the side-blown converter 200 also includes a supplemental heat assembly 240 coupled to the furnace body 210, the supplemental heat assembly 240 being configured to heat the melt in the forehearth settling zone. The supplemental heat assembly 240 includes a diesel burner or heating electrode. The discharge port 213 comprises a matte outlet 215 and a slag outlet 216 which are communicated with the sedimentation zone of the front bed; the tapping port 216 is located above the tapping port 215.
Referring to fig. 1, the process of the side-blown converter 200 is as follows:
after the materials which are processed to reach the requirements are proportioned by a feed bin and a belt, the materials enter a furnace body 210 through a feed inlet 211 and are smelted in a smelting area of the bed, the process can adopt granular coal or powdered coal as fuel to reach the reaction temperature, wherein the granular coal is fed with the materials through the feed inlet 211 by adopting a blanking belt, and the powdered coal is sprayed by a multi-channel spray gun inserted at a primary air inlet 212; oxygen-enriched air oxygen is used as combustion air to be blown into the smelting area of the bed through the primary air port 212;
meanwhile, two sides of the charging port at the furnace top are provided with injection pipes 230 perpendicular to the surface of the melt, carbon monoxide generated by incomplete combustion of coal in the smelting process is pressed down to burn on the surface of the melt by oxygen-enriched air injected downwards, and flue gas generated by smelting is subjected to secondary combustion with oxygen-enriched air blown in by the secondary air port 214 at the secondary air port 214 and then is discharged through the vertical flue 220, so that the flue gas can enter a waste heat boiler for waste heat recovery;
slag and metal melt produced by smelting are subjected to sedimentation separation in a front bed sedimentation zone, so that in order to avoid the phenomenon that the melt is frozen in the front bed sedimentation zone, a diesel burner or an electrode is additionally arranged at the top of the furnace body 210 and is close to the front bed sedimentation zone to supplement heat, so that the separated and settled metal melt and slag are discharged from the furnace body 210 through a slag discharge port 216 and a matte discharge port 215 respectively.
Based on the above, please refer to FIG. 1, the laterite-nickel ore calcine (Ni 1.5%, fe 20%, co 0.05%, mgO 22%, siO) 2 36%) smelting is exemplified, and the process of the side-blown smelting furnace 200 is as follows:
feeding the laterite-nickel ore calcine, pyrite (35% of Fe, 31% of S) and limestone into the side-blown smelting furnace 200 for matte making smelting in a bin-type batching mode, wherein the feeding amount of pyrite in an hour is 35% -45% of the feeding amount of laterite-nickel in an hour, and the feeding amount of limestone is 5% -10% of the feeding amount of laterite;
the sectional area of a tuyere zone of the side-blown smelting furnace 200 is 8.2 square meters, a layer of copper water jackets on two sides of a furnace body 210 are provided with 6 primary tuyeres 212 for blowing oxygen-enriched air, the tuyeres are distributed in a staggered manner so as to avoid the occurrence of paired blowing, the pressure of the tuyeres is controlled between 0.09MPa and 0.12MPa, and the oxygen-enriched concentration of the primary tuyeres 212 is regulated to be 60% -65%;
pulverized coal is sprayed into a molten pool by a multi-channel spray gun inserted in a primary tuyere 212 in the smelting process, the primary tuyere 212 adopts nitrogen or compressed air as coal carrying air, and the air-coal ratio is controlled at 0.1Nm 3 /kg-0.15Nm 3 Kg, and simultaneously, a small amount of granular coal is added at the top feed inlet 211 to prevent foaming slag in the smelting process; wherein the total coal amount in the hour is laterite ore15-18% of the amount, controlling the input amount of pulverized coal and granular coal between 9:1-8:2, and controlling the peroxy coefficient in a molten pool to be 0.6-0.8;
1-2 blowing pipes 230 are arranged around a feed inlet 211 at the top of the furnace body 210, the oxygen-enriched concentration is controlled to be 80% -85%, the pressure is controlled to be 0.25MPa-0.3MPa, oxygen-enriched air flow downward sprayed by the blowing pipes 230 enables smelting to generate carbon monoxide to burn near the surface of a melt, heat required by the smelting process is sequentially supplemented, and the overall smelting process controls the slag temperature to be 1280-1300 ℃;
the flue gas is combusted again through the secondary air port 214, the combustion air of the secondary air port 214 can be compressed air, and the combusted flue gas enters the waste heat boiler through the vertical lifting flue 220 to recover waste heat;
the low nickel matte produced by smelting and the smelting slag are subjected to sedimentation separation in a front bed sedimentation zone, and then discharged through a slag discharging port 216 and a matte discharging port 215, wherein the grade of the produced low nickel matte is as follows: 14.5% of Ni, 48.7% of Fe, 31.85% of S, 0.45% of Co, 0.15% of slag and 0.03% of Co; the nickel recovery rate is 91%, the cobalt recovery rate is 60%, and the matte smelting coal rate (the coal consumption per hour is smaller than that of laterite ore) can reach 16.5% by adopting the scheme of adding the injection pipe 230.
According to measurement and calculation, the coal consumption of the side-blown smelting furnace 200 in the form is reduced by 2-3 percent compared with that of a side-blown smelting mode without adding the blowing pipe 230 under the same condition, and certain effects of energy conservation and consumption reduction are achieved.
The above is only a preferred embodiment of the present utility model, and is not intended to limit the present utility model, but various modifications and variations can be made to the present utility model by those skilled in the art. Any modification, equivalent replacement, improvement, etc. made within the spirit and principle of the present utility model should be included in the protection scope of the present utility model.
Claims (10)
1. A side-blown converter, characterized in that:
the side-blown smelting furnace comprises a furnace body, a flue and a blowing pipe;
the furnace body is provided with a smelting zone of the present bed and a sedimentation zone of the front bed; the furnace body is surrounded to form a side wall of the smelting area of the bed, a feed inlet and a primary air opening are formed in the side wall of the smelting area of the bed, and a discharge outlet communicated with the sedimentation area of the front bed is formed in the furnace body; the flue is connected to the top of the furnace body and is communicated with the inside of the furnace body; the blowing pipe is connected to the top of the side wall of the smelting area surrounding the bed;
the primary air port is used for introducing oxygen-enriched air into the bed smelting area, and the injection pipe is used for injecting oxygen-enriched air from the top of the bed smelting area to the bottom of the bed smelting area.
2. The side-blown converter of claim 1, wherein:
the side-blown smelting furnace comprises a plurality of blowing pipes which are sequentially distributed along the direction from the principal-bed smelting area to the fore-bed settling area.
3. The side-blown converter of claim 1, wherein:
the blowing pipe is movably connected with the furnace body along the vertical direction.
4. The side-blown converter of claim 1, wherein:
the side-blown smelting furnace comprises a multi-channel spray gun connected with the primary air port, and the multi-channel spray gun is used for introducing oxygen-enriched air or pulverized coal into the hearth smelting area.
5. The side-blown converter according to any one of claims 1 to 4, characterized in that:
the furnace body is also provided with a secondary air port which is arranged at the communication part of the flue and the furnace body; the secondary air port is used for blowing oxygen-enriched air into the furnace body.
6. The side-blown converter of claim 5, wherein:
the secondary air port is positioned above the primary air port.
7. The side-blown converter according to any one of claims 1 to 4, characterized in that:
the side-blown smelting furnace further comprises a heat supplementing assembly connected with the furnace body, and the heat supplementing assembly is used for heating the melt in the front bed sedimentation zone.
8. The side-blown converter of claim 7 wherein:
the heat supplementing assembly comprises a diesel burner or a heating electrode.
9. The side-blown converter according to any one of claims 1 to 4, characterized in that:
the discharge port comprises a matte discharging port and a slag discharging port which are communicated with the front bed sedimentation zone.
10. The side-blown converter of claim 9, wherein:
the slag discharging port is positioned above the sulfonium discharging port.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN202223216413.2U CN219121048U (en) | 2022-11-30 | 2022-11-30 | Side-blown smelting furnace |
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN202223216413.2U CN219121048U (en) | 2022-11-30 | 2022-11-30 | Side-blown smelting furnace |
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| Publication Number | Publication Date |
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| CN219121048U true CN219121048U (en) | 2023-06-02 |
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| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
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| CN202223216413.2U Active CN219121048U (en) | 2022-11-30 | 2022-11-30 | Side-blown smelting furnace |
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- 2022-11-30 CN CN202223216413.2U patent/CN219121048U/en active Active
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