CN219115670U

CN219115670U - Ice breaking system

Info

Publication number: CN219115670U
Application number: CN202320321276.4U
Authority: CN
Inventors: 蒋颜徽
Original assignee: Individual
Current assignee: Individual
Priority date: 2023-02-27
Filing date: 2023-02-27
Publication date: 2023-06-02
Anticipated expiration: 2033-02-27

Abstract

The utility model belongs to the technical field of water body ice breaking, and discloses an ice breaking system which comprises a bearing device, an air bag, a traction device and a gas control device, wherein the gas control device is arranged on the bearing device and is fixedly connected with one end of the air bag through a gas pipeline; the traction device is fixedly connected with the other end of the air bag; the traction device also comprises a central control module for controlling the traction device. The utility model changes the traditional self-damage ice breaking method or parallel ice breaking method into a bottom-up ice breaking method, and when the traditional self-damage ice breaking method is adopted, the gravity of the gravity icebreaker is counteracted to a certain extent due to the stronger bearing capacity of the water body, and the ice breaking effect is poor; when the bottom-up ice breaking mode is adopted, the ice layer is relatively easier to break because the air has no bearing capacity. The utility model overcomes the limitations of the self mass and power of the traditional icebreaker, reduces the investment and cost of icebreaking, and expands the angle and range of icebreaking.

Description

Ice breaking system

Technical Field

The utility model belongs to the technical field of water body ice breaking, and particularly relates to an ice breaking system.

Background

At present, a common main tool for breaking ice on the water surface is an icebreaker, and a specific ice breaking mode is to break ice by means of the power and the mass of the icebreaker, namely, the icebreaker breaks ice layers by utilizing the heads of the icebreaker or the ship body to break the ice layers by leaning on the upper surfaces of the ice layers and the weight of the ship body, and when the icebreaker is trapped, the ship body can be swayed to break ice. The above-mentioned mode of breaking ice all relies on the power and the quality of icebreaker self, and icebreaker needs to install thick steel sheet and use powerful power, therefore some icebreakers use the nuclear power of higher cost, but no matter how big icebreaker is built, its power and quality are also limited, and this has caused the limitation of breaking ice, and it is still more difficult to break some extra thick stale ice. Meanwhile, the ice-breaking ship breaks ice on the ice layer of the route, and the ice-breaking range and the angle are limited to a certain extent.

Based on the drawbacks of the prior art, there is a need in the art to propose an ice breaking system and an ice breaking method thereof, which are different from the conventional art, so as to solve the drawbacks of the prior art.

Disclosure of Invention

The utility model aims to provide an ice breaking system, which overcomes the limitations of the self mass and power of the traditional ice breaker, reduces the ice breaking investment and cost, and expands the ice breaking angle and range.

The technical scheme adopted for realizing the purpose of the utility model is as follows:

the ice breaking system comprises a bearing device, an air bag, a traction device and a gas control device, wherein the gas control device is arranged on the bearing device and is fixedly connected with one end of the air bag through a gas pipeline; the traction device is fixedly connected with the other end of the air bag; the system also comprises a central control module for controlling the traction device and the gas control device.

Further, the number of the air bags is more than one, and the number of the gas control device and the number of the gas transmission pipelines are matched with the number of the air bags.

Further, the traction device comprises a power device, a camera and a position sensor.

Further, a protection frame is arranged outside the air bag, and one end of the protection frame is fixedly connected with the gas pipeline.

Further, the gas control device comprises an air charging device and an air extracting device; the gas transmission pipeline comprises an inflation pipe and an exhaust pipe, wherein an air bag at one end of the inflation pipe is fixedly connected, and the other end of the inflation pipe is fixedly connected with the output end of the inflation device; one end of the exhaust pipe is fixedly connected with the air bag, and the other end of the exhaust pipe is fixedly connected with the output end of the air extractor.

Further, the air charging pipe is provided with a first one-way valve, and the air extracting pipe is provided with a second one-way valve.

Further, the air charging pipe and the air extracting pipe on the same air control device are arranged in a hose.

The utility model has the beneficial effects that:

1. the utility model overcomes the limitations of the self mass and power of the traditional icebreaker, reduces the investment and cost of icebreaking, and expands the angle and range of icebreaking.

2. The utility model changes the traditional self-damage ice breaking method or parallel ice breaking method into a bottom-up ice breaking method, and when the traditional self-damage ice breaking method is adopted, the gravity of the gravity icebreaker is counteracted to a certain extent due to the stronger bearing capacity of the water body, and the ice breaking effect is poor; when the bottom-up ice breaking mode is adopted, the ice layer is relatively easier to break because the air has no bearing capacity.

3. According to the utility model, the volume of the air bag is inflated by inflation, the air bag receives huge upward buoyancy in water, the air bag locally jacks up the ice layer, meanwhile, the ice layer has downward gravity, and the ice layer receives huge shearing force under the action of the air bag supporting force and the ice layer gravity, so that the ice layer is broken. In the utility model, the buoyancy force suffered by the inflation of the air bag is not limited by the mass and the power of the icebreaker, and is only related to the inflation amount, so that the utility model can obtain great buoyancy force and complete the high-difficulty icebreaking task.

4. The utility model can cause different parts of the ice layer to ascend or descend along with the air bag by rapidly inflating and exhausting the air bag, thereby causing the ice layer to vibrate violently and promoting the hard ice layer to break rapidly.

5. The system overcomes the defect that the existing ice-breaking ship is limited in the range of a route, can put a plurality of air bags for breaking ice into any position and range, and can act simultaneously by the air bags in different directions to realize omnibearing ice breaking.

6. When the ship is trapped, the system can be used for ice breaking and self rescue; and the water body icebreaking can be performed on land, and the icebreaker is not relied on.

Drawings

In order to more clearly illustrate the embodiments of the present utility model or the technical solutions in the prior art, the present utility model will be further described with reference to the accompanying drawings and embodiments, in which the drawings in the following description are only some embodiments of the present utility model, and other drawings may be obtained by those skilled in the art without inventive effort:

FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of a connection relationship of the system of the present utility model.

Fig. 2 is a schematic diagram of the overall structure of the system of the present utility model.

Fig. 3 is a schematic diagram of the overall structure of an embodiment of the present utility model.

Fig. 4 is an enlarged schematic view of the air bag of the present utility model mated with a gas line, a protective frame and a traction device.

Fig. 5 is an enlarged schematic view of the gas control device of the present utility model in cooperation with a gas delivery conduit.

Fig. 6 is one of the operating states of the ice breaking operation of the ultra-thick stale ice in one application scenario of the present utility model.

Fig. 7 shows an operational state of an ice breaking operation of ultra-thick stale ice in an application scenario of the present utility model.

Fig. 8 illustrates an operation state of an ice breaking operation of ultra-thick stale ice in an application scenario of the present utility model.

In the figure: 1. a carrying device; 2. an air bag; 3. a traction device; 4. a gas control device; 5. a gas line; 6. a central control module; 7. a first one-way valve; 8. a second one-way valve; 9. a hose; 10. a protective frame; 11. a fixing device; 401. an inflator; 402. an air extracting device; 501. an inflation tube; 502. and (5) an exhaust pipe.

Detailed Description

In order to make the objects, technical solutions and advantages of the embodiments of the present utility model more apparent, the following description will be made in detail with reference to the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present utility model, and it is apparent that the described embodiments are some embodiments of the present utility model, but not all embodiments. All other embodiments, which can be made by a person skilled in the art without any inventive effort, are intended to be within the scope of the present utility model, based on the embodiments of the present utility model.

As shown in fig. 1 to 5, an ice breaking system comprises a bearing device 1, an air bag 2, a traction device 3 and a gas control device 4, wherein the gas control device 4 is arranged on the bearing device 1, and the gas control device 4 is fixedly connected with one end of the air bag 2 through a gas pipeline 5; the traction device 3 is fixedly connected with the other end of the air bag 2; also included is a central control module 6 that controls the traction device 3 and the gas control device 4.

The bearing device 1 mainly plays a role in bearing and accommodating, and can be adjusted according to the change of a salvage scene in the actual application process. When the ice is broken on land, the bearing device 1 does not need to enter the ice surface or the water surface, and the bearing device 1 is placed on land, so that the bearing device 1 can be an automobile or other loading box body with universal wheels; if the bearing device 1 is required to enter the water surface, the bearing device can be an existing icebreaker or other ships and can play a bearing role.

The air bag 2 is made of flexible, watertight, airtight and inelastic flexible materials, and floats on the water surface below the ice layer under the action of buoyancy of water, so that the ice layer on the water surface is locally lifted.

The traction device 3 mainly aims at moving the traction airbag 2 under water, which can be an underwater robot or a common remote-controlled submersible in the prior art, and the principle of the movement under water is the existing principle, such as a remote-controlled submersible disclosed in patent publication No. CN 106275329A. In the utility model, the traction device 3 is connected with the tail end of the air bag 2 by adopting ropes, and the traction device 3 can be connected with the protection frame 10 by the ropes on the basis that the protection frame 10 is arranged on the air bag 2.

The gas control device 4 is an air pump which can be inflated or deflated to inflate or deflate the air bag 2. The gas control device 4 adopted when the gas pipeline 5 is one is a bidirectional gas pump; when the gas pipeline 5 is divided into the gas charging pipe 501 and the gas extracting pipe 502, the gas charging pipe 501 and the gas extracting pipe 502 respectively correspond to one-way gas pump, wherein the gas pump corresponding to the gas charging pipe 501 charges gas into the gas bag 2, and the gas pump corresponding to the gas extracting pipe 502 extracts gas in the gas bag 2.

The central control module 6 is a control center of the utility model, and can be arranged on the bearing device 1, and is mainly in wireless connection with the traction device 3 to realize wireless remote control of the traction device 3; the central control module 6 is also connected with the gas control device 4, so that the working state of the gas control device 4 is changed, and the connection mode of the central control module 6 and the gas control device 4 is the same as the connection mode of the conventional common electric air pump and the control center, such as the connection mode of the electric air pump and the control module thereof in the patent with publication number CN 111852827A.

As shown in fig. 3, in one embodiment of the present utility model, the number of the air bags 2 is more than one, and the number of the gas control device 4 and the gas pipeline 5 are matched with the number of the air bags 2.

The purpose of the more than one air bags 2 is that the air bags 2 can be placed in different positions below the ice layer to form an ice breaking line so as to realize omnibearing ice breaking.

The traction device 3 comprises a power device, a camera and a position sensor. The power means on the traction means 3 are arranged to drive it in a submerged movement, and in one embodiment of the utility model the power means of the traction means 3 are arranged on the same principle as the driving means of a remotely operated vehicle of the prior art, in particular a remotely operated vehicle as disclosed in the patent CN106275329 a. The camera and the position sensor are devices in the prior art, and are arranged on the traction device 3 for acquiring images and position information of the underwater icebreaking position. According to the traction device 3, other sensors can be arranged according to actual needs, and various sensors timely monitor all conditions and timely transmit information back to operators so that the operators can accurately operate according to the actual conditions.

In one embodiment of the present utility model, the traction device 3 is further provided with a vibration measuring device, the vibration measuring device can measure the vibration frequency of the ice layer, the central control module 6 calculates the optimal air charging and air discharging time relation and the air charging and air discharging speed of the air bag 2 according to the measurement result, and the air control device 4 charges and discharges air according to the calculation result, so that the corresponding ice layer generates resonance and the breaking of the ice layer is accelerated. The vibration measuring device in this embodiment is a vibration measuring device commonly known in the art, such as the vibration measuring device disclosed in patent publication No. CN 103364068B. The vibration measuring device is used for measuring the vibration frequency of the ice layer. In other embodiments of the utility model, the vibration measuring device may also be provided on the airbag 2.

As shown in fig. 4, a protection frame 10 is further arranged outside the air bag 2, and one end of the protection frame 10 is fixedly connected with the air pipeline 5. The protection frame 10 is arranged to replace the contact of the air bag 2 with the ice layer on one hand and prevent the air bag 2 from being scratched by the ice layer; on the other hand, the airbag 2 can be ensured to keep a certain shape after being inflated, so that the airbag 2 is ensured not to be deformed under pressure due to the gravity of an ice layer, and the ice breaking effect is influenced.

In the actual use process, when special operations are needed for the ice breaking operations with great difficulty such as thick ice, the protection frame 10 is additionally arranged on the air bag 2, and the protection frame 10 can be made of hard materials such as plastics, wood, metal and the like. The protection frame 10 is divided into an upper part and a lower part, and the lower part is made of a hard material heavier than the upper part so as to ensure that the air bags 2 are not turned upside down and are not changed in angle.

In one embodiment of the present utility model, the protection frame 10 is a hollow frame with a cube, sphere, oval triangle or other shape, and the protection frame 10 is fixed at the end of the gas transmission pipeline 5, and may be fixed at the end of the pipeline by using a binding rope. In this embodiment, the end of the airbag 2 not connected to the gas pipe 5 may be fixed to the protective frame 10 by a rope to prevent the airbag 2 from coming out of the frame when inflated. In the present utility model, the traction device 3 is connected to the end of the airbag 2 by a rope, and the traction device 3 may be connected to the protection frame 10 by a rope in addition to the protection frame 10 provided to the airbag 2.

In other embodiments of the present utility model, the protective frame 10 may also be a foldable protective frame 10, for the purpose of facilitating storage, particularly a foldable frame commonly known in the art, such as the foldable frame disclosed in the patent CN 111406028B.

As shown in fig. 4 and 5, the gas control device 4 includes an inflator 401 and a gas extraction device 402; the gas transmission pipeline 5 comprises an inflation pipe 501 and an exhaust pipe 502, wherein one end of the inflation pipe 501 is fixedly connected with the airbag 2, and the other end of the inflation pipe is fixedly connected with the output end of the inflation device 401; one end of the exhaust pipe 502 is fixedly connected with the air bag 2, and the other end is fixedly connected with the output end of the exhaust device 402.

The inflation device 401 and the air extraction device 402 are matched to break the ice layer by intense vibration, and the concrete process is as follows: according to the planned inflation and deflation scheme, the inflation device 401 inflates part of the hose 9 and the air bag 2 so as to locally lift the ice layer; when the air is inflated to the specified quantity, the air is rapidly exhausted, and the other part of the air bags 2 are rapidly inflated according to the scheme; the repeated alternate aeration and air extraction causes the ice layer to vibrate vigorously, which promotes the ice layer to generate and expand cracks, and finally fracture.

As shown in fig. 4 and 5, the air charging pipe 501 is provided with a first one-way valve 7, and the air discharging pipe 502 is provided with a second one-way valve 8.

The purpose of the one-way valve is to allow the gas to move in the same direction without backflow. Under the action of the first one-way valve 7, the inflation tube 501 only conveys gas into the airbag 2; the air extraction tube 502 extracts only the other air bag 2 under the action of the first check valve 7. The first one-way valve 7 in the present utility model may be disposed at any position on the inflation tube 501, the second one-way valve 8 may be disposed at any position on the exhaust tube 502, and for convenience of installation and detachment, the present utility model preferably provides the first one-way valve 7 at the output port of the inflator 401, and the second one-way valve 8 at the output port of the airbag 2 connected to the exhaust tube 502. The first check valve 7 and the second check valve 8 are common check valves in the prior art, and the specific type can be selected according to actual conditions, so that the function of controlling the unidirectional flow of gas can be achieved.

As shown in fig. 4 and 5, the inflation tube 501 and the exhaust tube 502 of the same gas control device 4 are provided in one hose 9.

The inflation tube 501 and the exhaust tube 502 on the same gas control device 4 are arranged in one hose 9, so that the inflation tube 501 and the exhaust tube 502 can be prevented from intertwining, and the arrangement and the storage are convenient.

In one embodiment of the present utility model, the inflation tube 501 and the exhaust tube 502 on the same gas control device 4 are fixed by a plurality of fixing devices 11, and the fixing devices 11 may be ropes or ties. The air charging pipe 501 and the air discharging pipe 502 on the same air control device 4 are fixed by the fixing device 11 and then are arranged in the hose 9, so that the air charging pipe 501 and the air discharging pipe 502 can be prevented from being intertwined.

In the present utility model, to avoid the failure of the traction device 3 to control the traction device to return to the periphery of the carrying device 1 after the loss of control, ropes can be used to connect the air bag 2, the traction device 3 and the carrying device 1 to prevent the recovery difficulty after the failure of the traction device 3. When the rope is actually arranged, the rope can be designed to be longer, and the redundant part is wound on the bearing device 1 by adopting the winding device.

The specific method for breaking ice by the device of the utility model comprises the following steps:

step S1, putting an air bag 2 into water under an ice layer;

step S2, controlling the traction device 3 to submerge below the ice layer through the central control module 6 to prepare an ice breaking position, and transmitting the information of the underwater condition of the ice layer back to the central control module 6;

and step S3, the air control device 4 is operated to inflate and deflate the air bag 2, so that the ice layer is locally lifted up or vibrated up and down, and the ice layer is broken, and the ice is broken.

The specific operation of the method is different under different scenes, and the specific ice breaking mode and the operation process are as follows:

1. ice breaking operation under conventional conditions

Step 1, the traction device 3, the gas pipeline 5 and the air bag 2 are taken out of the bearing device 1 and slowly put into water.

And 2, using the central control module 6 to remotely control the traction device 3 to pull the gas pipeline 5 to navigate underwater, feeding back information in real time, analyzing by the central control module 6, and confirming the optimal icebreaking position, wherein the traction device 3 moves below the optimal icebreaking point.

Step 3, the air-charging device 401 charges the air bag 2 through the air-charging pipe 501, and under the action of the first one-way valve 7, the air in the air-charging pipe 501 flows into the air bag 2 in a one-way manner, so that the air bag 2 is inflated, and the air bag 2 receives buoyancy force to generate pressure on the ice layer; meanwhile, each sensor of the traction device 3 monitors the shape change, the floating condition, the vibration frequency of the ice layer and the like of the air bag 2 in real time, and transmits detection information back to the central control module 6 in real time for reference of operators.

And step 4, the operator accurately operates according to the feedback information of the traction device 3 until the position of the air bag 2 is successfully broken.

And step 5, starting the air extractor 402 after the ice breaking is successful, extracting the air in the air bag 2, reducing the resistance of the air bag 2 moving in the water, controlling the traction device 3 to drive to a new ice breaking point, and carrying out the next ice breaking operation.

2. Ice breaking operation of super-thick aged ice

Figures 6 to 8 show the specific operation process.

Step 1, an ice breaking scheme is drawn, the use quantity of the gas pipeline 5 and the traction device 3 is determined, the navigation route of the traction device 3 is controlled, the navigation route is not crossed and overlapped, and an inflation and air extraction scheme is drawn. In this step, the air inflation pipe 501 and the air exhaust pipe 502 in the air transmission pipeline 5 can select a conventional air inflation pipe 501, a conventional air exhaust pipe 502 or a rapid air inflation pipe 501 and a rapid air exhaust pipe 502 according to actual situations.

Step 2, each traction device 3, the corresponding gas pipeline 5 and the corresponding air bag 2 are slowly put into water from different positions on the bearing device 1.

And 3, using the central control module 6 to remotely control the traction device 3 to pull the gas pipeline 5 to navigate underwater, feeding back information in real time, and confirming the optimal ice breaking positions of the air bags 2 through an operating system, wherein the traction device 3 moves below the optimal ice breaking points. In this step, if the protection frame 10 is additionally installed outside the air bag 2, part of the air can be input immediately after the air bag 2 is filled with water, so as to ensure that the weight of the air bag 2 and the protection device is the same as the buoyancy of the water body, and the traction device 3 is convenient for traction.

Step 4, according to a planned inflation and deflation scheme, the inflation device 401 inflates part of the air bags 2 to enable the ice layer to locally rise, and when the inflation reaches a designated amount, the air is rapidly exhausted; simultaneously, another part of the air bags 2 are rapidly inflated according to the scheme; the air charging and the air exhausting are repeatedly staggered, so that the ice layer generates intense vibration, the ice layer is promoted to generate and expand cracks, and finally the ice layer is broken.

And step 5, for the ice breaking operation with greater difficulty, a vibration measuring device is additionally arranged on the top of the air bag 2 or the traction device 3 to measure the vibration frequency of the ice layer, the optimal air charging and air discharging time relation and the air charging and air discharging speed of each air bag 2 are calculated according to the measuring result, and the air charging and air discharging control is carried out according to the calculating result, so that the ice layer generates resonance and the breaking of the ice layer is accelerated.

And step 6, starting the air extractor 402 after the ice breaking is successful, extracting the air in the air bag 2, reducing the resistance of the air bag 2 moving in the water, controlling the traction device 3 to drive to a new ice breaking point, and carrying out the next ice breaking operation.

3. Omnibearing large-area ice breaking operation

And 1, drawing up an ice breaking scheme, drawing up an ice breaking line, determining the use quantity of the gas pipeline 5 and the traction device 3, a submarine sailing route scheme and the like.

Step 4, according to the planned inflation and deflation scheme, the inflation device 401 inflates part of the hose 9 and the air bag 2, so that the ice layer is locally lifted to break. The miniature submarines timely monitor all conditions and timely transmit back information to operators so that the operators can accurately operate according to the live condition;

according to the planned inflation and deflation scheme, the inflation device 401 inflates part of the air bags 2, so that the ice layer is broken under the shearing force after being locally lifted.

Finally, it should be noted that the above-mentioned embodiments illustrate rather than limit the utility model, and that those skilled in the art will be understood that various changes in form and details may be made therein without departing from the spirit and scope of the utility model as defined by the appended claims.

Claims

1. The ice breaking system is characterized by comprising a bearing device (1), an air bag (2), a traction device (3) and a gas control device (4), wherein the gas control device (4) is arranged on the bearing device (1), and the gas control device (4) is fixedly connected with one end of the air bag (2) through a gas pipeline (5); the traction device (3) is fixedly connected with the other end of the air bag (2); the device also comprises a central control module (6) for controlling the traction device (3) and the gas control device (4).

2. Ice breaking system according to claim 1, characterised in that the number of air bags (2) is more than one and that the number of gas control means (4) and gas lines (5) is matched to the number of air bags (2).

3. Ice breaking system according to claim 1 or 2, wherein the traction means (3) comprises a power device, a camera and a position sensor.

4. Ice breaking system according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that the outside of the air bag (2) is also provided with a protective frame (10), one end of the protective frame (10) being fixedly connected with the gas pipeline (5).

5. An icebreaking system according to claim 3, characterized in that the air bag (2) is further provided with a protective frame (10) at the outside, one end of the protective frame (10) being fixedly connected with the gas pipeline (5).

6. Ice breaking system according to claim 1, 2 or 5, wherein the gas control means (4) comprises an aerating means (401) and an air extracting means (402); the gas transmission pipeline (5) comprises an inflation pipe (501) and an exhaust pipe (502), wherein one end of the inflation pipe (501) is fixedly connected with the air bag (2), and the other end of the inflation pipe is fixedly connected with the output end of the inflation device (401); one end of the exhaust pipe (502) is fixedly connected with the air bag (2), and the other end is fixedly connected with the output end of the exhaust device (402).

7. Icebreaking system according to claim 6, characterized in that the air charging pipe (501) is provided with a first one-way valve (7) and the air extraction pipe (502) is provided with a second one-way valve (8).

8. An icebreaking system according to claim 6, characterized in that the gas charging tube (501) and the gas discharging tube (502) of the same gas control device (4) are arranged in one hose (9).