CN219112903U - Shop's powder formula 3D printer and clear powder structure thereof - Google Patents

Abstract

The utility model provides a powder paving type 3D printer and a powder cleaning structure thereof, wherein a powder discharging port is arranged at the bottom of the side wall of a forming cylinder of the powder paving type 3D printer, a valve assembly is arranged on the powder discharging port, a recycling bin is arranged on one side of the forming cylinder, a recycling tank and a spiral conveying mechanism are arranged in the recycling bin, and the recycling tank is communicated with the valve assembly through the spiral conveying mechanism. According to the powder cleaning structure, the powder leakage port is formed in the bottom of the side wall of the forming cylinder, so that excessive powder on the forming table after printing is finished is discharged, and the workload of manually cleaning the powder in the later part taking process is greatly reduced.

Description

Shop's powder formula 3D printer and clear powder structure thereof

Technical Field

The utility model belongs to the technical field of 3D printing, and particularly relates to a powder paving type 3D printer and a powder cleaning structure thereof.

Background

The metal 3D printing industry has rapidly developed in recent years, particularly SLM (selective laser melting) technology, and has been applied in various fields including biomedical, mold, automotive, aerospace, and the like. The 3D printing has high utilization rate of raw materials, and about 80% of powder needs to be recycled after each printing is finished.

The process of removing the printed parts from the powder stack after printing is quite time consuming and laborious. The current mainstream practice is: manually sweeping powder around the part to a recovery tank by using a hairbrush by personnel; this process requires slow action, otherwise dust floating in the air is easily generated. And because the powder used in the SLM printing is fine powder with the particle size lower than 100um, the dust is sucked by a human body at the moment when the powder is cleaned, and the health of operators is seriously threatened.

Some advanced SLM printing devices today are equipped with a powder cleaning mechanism, for example patent No. 202210738220.9, 3D part cleaning device and method for cleaning, discloses an automatic powder cleaning device for replacing manual powder cleaning. But this clear powder device is based on a manipulator that holds the powder suction tube, and the mode of artifical handheld powder suction machine of simulation is emptied powder, and overall efficiency is lower, and the manipulator simulation manual mode cleans powder, and the equipment control degree of difficulty is great.

Disclosure of Invention

Aiming at the defects in the prior art, the utility model provides a powder paving type 3D printer and a powder cleaning structure thereof, which are used for solving the powder cleaning problem of the powder paving type 3D printer.

The present utility model achieves the above technical object by the following technical means.

Powder-spreading type powder cleaning structure of 3D printer: the bottom of the side wall of the molding cylinder is provided with a powder discharging port, a valve component is arranged on the powder discharging port, one side of the molding cylinder is provided with a recovery bin, a recovery tank and a screw conveying mechanism are arranged in the recovery bin, and the recovery tank is communicated with the valve component through the screw conveying mechanism.

Further, the valve assembly comprises an electromagnetic valve and a pneumatic valve, wherein the electromagnetic valve controls the pneumatic valve to open and close, and the pneumatic valve controls the powder discharging opening to open and close.

Further, the spiral conveying mechanism comprises an outer pipe and a spiral rod, wherein the outer pipe is obliquely arranged, an upper port of the outer pipe is connected with the pneumatic valve, an opening is formed in the lower end of the side wall of the outer pipe, and the outer pipe is connected with the recovery tank through a powder cleaning pipe; the screw rod is arranged in the outer tube and driven by a stepping motor.

Further, the upper end of the recovery bin is provided with a powder overflow port, and the powder overflow port is connected with the recovery tank through a powder overflow pipe.

A powder paving type 3D printer is provided with the powder cleaning structure.

Further, a powder supply bin is arranged on one side of the forming cylinder, which is opposite to the recovery bin, the forming cylinder, the recovery bin and the powder supply bin are arranged in a machine table, a printing chamber is arranged on the machine table, a laser is arranged at the top of the printing chamber, an upper air outlet, an air return opening and a lower air outlet are arranged on the side face of the printing chamber, and a powder paving device is arranged in the printing chamber.

Further, a liftable forming table is arranged in the forming cylinder, a liftable bottom plate is arranged in the powder supply bin, the forming table and the powder supply bin bottom plate are respectively arranged on a lifter, and the lifter is driven by a servo motor.

The beneficial effects of the utility model are as follows:

(1) The utility model provides a powder spreading type 3D printer and a powder cleaning structure thereof, wherein a powder discharging port is arranged at the bottom of the side wall of a forming cylinder and is used for discharging excessive powder on a forming table after printing is finished, so that the workload of manually cleaning the powder during later part taking is greatly reduced. The powder cleaning device can be matched with a mode of sucking and cleaning powder by using a suction nozzle, and the powder cleaning device can be used for cleaning in a large-scale rough mode firstly and then cleaning in a fine mode by using the suction nozzle; compared with the prior art, the powder cleaning device has the advantage that the powder cleaning efficiency is higher by adopting the suction nozzle completely.

(2) In the utility model, the powder discharge port is controlled by adopting the scheme of electromagnetic valve and pneumatic valve, so that the influence of powder on the electromagnetic valve is reduced as much as possible, and the service life of the whole valve assembly is prolonged.

Drawings

FIG. 1 is an external perspective view of a 3D printer according to the present utility model;

FIG. 2 is a front view of a 3D printer of the present utility model;

FIG. 3 is a cross-sectional view of a 3D printer B-B of the present utility model in a top view;

FIG. 4 is a cross-sectional view of the internal structure of the 3D printer in the front view direction;

FIG. 5 is a front view of the screw conveyor mechanism of the present utility model;

fig. 6 is an external perspective view of the screw conveyor in the present utility model;

fig. 7 is a view showing an internal structure of the screw conveyor according to the present utility model.

Reference numerals:

1-a laser; 2-an upper air outlet; 3-an air return port; 4-a recovery tank;

5-a lower air outlet; 6-a powder spreading device; 7-a machine; 8-an output shaft;

9-a forming table; 10-printing; 11-a recovery bin; 12-a servo motor;

13-a decelerator; 14-a diverter; 15-a powder supply bin; 16-an elevator;

17-an electromagnetic valve; 18, a powder overflow pipe; 19-pneumatic valve; 20-a screw conveyor mechanism;

21-a stepper motor; 22-a bracket; 23-a powder cleaning tube; 201-an outer tube;

202-screw rod.

Detailed Description

Embodiments of the present utility model will be described in detail below, examples of which are illustrated in the accompanying drawings, wherein like reference numerals refer to the like or similar elements or elements having the same or similar functions throughout. The embodiments described below by referring to the drawings are illustrative and intended to explain the present utility model and should not be construed as limiting the utility model.

As shown in fig. 1 and 2, the upper surface of the machine table 7 is sealed by a housing to form a printing chamber, a laser 1 is arranged at the top of the printing chamber, an upper air outlet 2 is arranged at the upper layer of the printing chamber, an air return opening 3 and a lower air outlet 5 are arranged at the lower layer of the printing chamber, a powder paving device 6 is arranged in the printing chamber, and the powder paving device 6 movably operates on the upper surface of the machine table 7. The above-mentioned all are general structures of 3D printers based on SLM technology, so the connection relation and function between the above-mentioned parts will not be repeated.

As shown in fig. 3 and 4, a forming cylinder (in which the forming table 9 is located) is arranged in the middle of the machine 7, and a recovery bin 11 and a powder supply bin 15 are respectively arranged on two opposite sides of the forming cylinder. A forming table 9 is movably connected in the forming cylinder, and a required printing piece 10 is printed on the forming table 9. A lifting bottom plate is arranged in the powder supply bin 15 and is used for lifting and exposing the powder in the powder supply bin 15 upwards so that the powder spreader 6 scrapes the powder onto the forming table 9. The forming table 9 and the bottom plate of the powder supply bin 15 are respectively supported by the lifter 16, and can be respectively lifted and lowered under the drive of the lifter 16. The elevator 16 is driven by a servo motor 12, wherein the servo motor 12 is arranged outside the machine table 7, the output end of the servo motor 12 is connected with a speed reducer 13, and the speed reducer 13 is connected with the elevator 16 through an output shaft 8 and a reverser 14. The top of the recovery bin 11 is provided with a powder overflow port (namely, a surface opening) for the powder spreader 6 to scrape off excessive powder, the bottom of the recovery bin 11 is provided with a recovery tank 4 (shown in fig. 2), and the recovery tank 4 is connected with the powder overflow port through a powder overflow pipe 18.

As shown in fig. 4, the lower end of the side wall of the molding cylinder (the lowest end to which the molding table 9 can be lowered) is provided with a powder discharge port, and a valve assembly comprising a pneumatic valve 19 and an electromagnetic valve 17 is arranged on the powder discharge port; wherein the pneumatic valve 19 is directly responsible for opening and closing the powder discharge port, and the electromagnetic valve 17 is used for controlling the opening and closing of the pneumatic valve 19; because the powder leakage port is filled with solid powder, the service life of the electromagnetic valve in the market is easily influenced by the interference of the powder, so the scheme of the pneumatic valve and the electromagnetic valve is adopted, wherein the electromagnetic valve 17 is controlled by an electric control means, then the air passage of the pneumatic valve 19 is controlled by the electromagnetic valve 17, and finally the air passage is used for indirectly controlling the opening and closing of the pneumatic valve 19 (namely the powder leakage port), wherein the electric control means is the prior art. A screw conveying mechanism 20 is arranged in the recovery bin 11, and the screw conveying mechanism 20 is respectively connected with a pneumatic valve 19 and the recovery tank 4.

As shown in fig. 5 to 7, the screw conveyor 20 includes an outer tube 201 and a screw rod 202. Wherein the outer tube 201 is arranged obliquely (relative to the horizontal plane), and the upper port of the outer tube 201 is connected with the pneumatic valve 19; the lower end of the side wall of the outer tube 201 is provided with an opening and is connected with the recovery tank 4 through a dust cleaning tube 23 (shown in fig. 4). The screw 202 is disposed in the outer tube 201 and is driven to rotate by the stepping motor 21. The stepper motor 21 is arranged at the lower end of the outer tube 201 and is fixed on the inner wall of the recovery bin 11 through a bracket 22.

After printing using the 3D printer described above, the modeling stage 9 is lowered to the lowest position. The pneumatic valve 19 is then opened by the solenoid valve 17 and the stepper motor 21 is started. At this time, the surplus powder which is not sintered into the print 10 in the forming cylinder flows into the recovery tank 4 via the air-operated valve 19 and the screw conveyor 20 in this order by the gravity and the conveyor of the screw conveyor 20. After discharging most of the powder, the forming table 9 is lifted, and finally the powder remaining on the surface of the print 10 is cleaned more finely by hand.

In the description of the present utility model, it should be understood that the terms "upper", "lower", "front", "rear", "left", "right", "vertical", "horizontal", "top", "bottom", "inner", "outer", etc. indicate orientations or positional relationships based on the orientations or positional relationships shown in the drawings, are merely for convenience in describing the present utility model and simplifying the description, and do not indicate or imply that the devices or elements referred to must have a specific orientation, be configured and operated in a specific orientation, and thus should not be construed as limiting the present utility model.

The present utility model is not limited to the above-described embodiments, and any obvious modifications, substitutions or variations which can be made by one skilled in the art without departing from the spirit of the utility model fall within the scope of the utility model.

Claims (7)

1. Powder laying type 3D printer's clear powder structure, its characterized in that: the machine is characterized in that a forming cylinder is arranged in the machine table (7), a powder discharging port is formed in the bottom of the side wall of the forming cylinder, a valve component is arranged on the powder discharging port, a recycling bin (11) is arranged on one side of the forming cylinder, a recycling tank (4) and a screw conveying mechanism (20) are arranged in the recycling bin (11), and the recycling tank (4) is communicated with the valve component through the screw conveying mechanism (20).

2. The powder cleaning structure according to claim 1, characterized in that: the valve assembly comprises an electromagnetic valve (17) and a pneumatic valve (19), wherein the electromagnetic valve (17) controls the pneumatic valve (19) to open and close, and the pneumatic valve (19) controls the powder discharging opening to open and close.

3. The powder cleaning structure according to claim 2, characterized in that: the spiral conveying mechanism (20) comprises an outer pipe (201) and a spiral rod (202), wherein the outer pipe (201) is obliquely arranged, an upper port of the outer pipe (201) is connected with the pneumatic valve (19), an opening is formed in the lower end of the side wall of the outer pipe (201), and the outer pipe is connected with the recovery tank (4) through a powder cleaning pipe (23); the screw rod (202) is arranged in the outer tube (201) and is driven by a stepping motor (21).

4. The powder cleaning structure according to claim 1, characterized in that: the upper end of the recovery bin (11) is provided with a powder overflow port, and the powder overflow port is connected with the recovery tank (4) through a powder overflow pipe (18).

5. Shop's powder formula 3D printer, its characterized in that: a powder cleaning structure according to any one of claims 1 to 4.

6. The 3D printer of claim 5, wherein: the forming cylinder is provided with a powder supply bin (15) on one side, opposite to the recovery bin (11), of the forming cylinder, the recovery bin (11) and the powder supply bin (15) are arranged in a machine table (7), a printing chamber is arranged on the machine table (7), a laser (1) is arranged at the top of the printing chamber, an upper air outlet (2), an air return opening (3) and a lower air outlet (5) are arranged on the side face of the printing chamber, and a powder paving device (6) is arranged in the printing chamber.

7. The 3D printer of claim 6, wherein: the forming cylinder is internally provided with a forming table (9) capable of lifting, the powder supply bin (15) is internally provided with a bottom plate capable of lifting, the forming table (9) and the powder supply bin (15) bottom plate are respectively arranged on a lifter (16), and the lifter (16) is driven by a servo motor (12).

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