CN219110369U - Device for simulating human pneumothorax structure - Google Patents

Abstract

The utility model relates to a device for simulating a human pneumothorax structure. The device comprises a chest structure, wherein a lung structure is arranged in the chest structure; the lung structure is provided with an airway tube extending out of the chest structure; the ventilation catheter is connected with an air passage; the other end of the air passage is connected with a breathing assembly; the respiratory component controls the expansion and contraction of the lung structure, so that the lung structure is switched between an inhalation expansion state and an exhalation contraction state; the thoracic cavity structure is also provided with a negative pressure air passage for connecting a thoracic cavity drainage device; the ventilation catheter is provided with a gas one-way valve for controlling ventilation volume, and the gas in the gas one-way valve is only discharged into the thoracic cavity structure. The beneficial effects of the utility model are as follows: by adopting the pleural cavity structure, the lung structure and the visceral pleural structure, the lung and pleural cavity changes driven by the position changes of ribs and diaphragm muscles during human breathing can be simulated, and better research effects are brought.

Description

Device for simulating human pneumothorax structure

Technical Field

The utility model relates to the field of medical models, in particular to a device for simulating a human pneumothorax structure.

Background

Pneumothorax (pneumothorax) refers to the condition where air enters the chest cavity, causing the lung to contract, called pneumothorax. Pneumothorax is usually broken by lung diseases or external force to rupture lung tissues and pleura of the visceral layer, or by fine air bubbles close to the surface of the lung, so that air in the lung and bronchus escapes into the chest, the pressure in the chest is increased, and the lung is extruded to shrink, so that shortness of breath and dyspnea are caused. With the rapid development of medical technology, various devices simulating various organ tests of human bodies are used for verifying the feasibility of the chest drainage device. The prior art can only be tested by measuring quantitative parameters with a flowmeter or a manometer. When the pleura of the visceral layer breaks, the lung contracts, air leakage is sustained, and for the traditional chest drainage device for treating pneumothorax, negative pressure cannot be given when the gas with the opening is naturally discharged, so that the healing speed of a clinical pneumothorax patient is influenced. The passive rubber model can not simulate pneumothorax of a patient and can not judge whether the basic performance and basic safety of the digital chest drainage equipment are reasonable and effective.

Disclosure of Invention

The utility model aims to simulate the treatment process of a pneumothorax patient and verify whether the thoracic drainage device operates normally.

The utility model is realized by the following technical scheme: a device for simulating a human pneumothorax structure comprises a thoracic cavity structure, wherein a lung structure is arranged in the thoracic cavity structure; the lung structure is provided with an airway tube extending out of the chest structure; the ventilation catheter is connected with an air passage; the other end of the air passage is connected with a breathing assembly; the respiratory component controls the expansion and contraction of the lung structure, so that the lung structure is switched between an inhalation expansion state and an exhalation contraction state; the thoracic cavity structure is also provided with a negative pressure air passage for connecting a thoracic cavity drainage device; the ventilation catheter is provided with a gas one-way valve for controlling ventilation volume, and the gas in the gas one-way valve is only discharged into the thoracic cavity structure.

Compared with the prior art, the utility model has the beneficial effects that:

1. the device designs a fully-sealed chest cavity structure and a lung structure, can simulate the changes of the lung and the chest driven by the position changes of ribs and diaphragm when a human body breathes, and brings better research effects.

2. The device can be used by being connected with various chest drainage devices, simulates symptoms of pneumothorax patients and checks the using effect of the chest drainage devices, and helps the pneumothorax patients to be better treated.

3. The respiratory rate control center can help doctors to better simulate the disease bodies of pneumothorax patients, assist in researching different symptoms and symptoms of patients in different stages, and obtain a better rescue scheme.

Drawings

FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of the novel structure of the experiment;

FIG. 2 is a schematic diagram of the novel connection structure with the thoracic drainage device in the experiment;

description of the reference numerals: 1 chest drainage device, 2 chest structure, 2-1 gas check valve, 2-2 lung structure, 2-2-1 lung structure inhale expansion state, 2-2-2 lung structure exhale contraction state, 2-3 ventilation catheter, 2-4 air flue, 2-5 negative pressure air flue, 3 respiratory component, 3-1 exhale passageway, 3-2 inhale passageway, 3-3 breathing power source, 4 respiratory rate control center.

Detailed Description

The present utility model will be described in detail with reference to the accompanying drawings, but the protection of the present utility model is not limited to the following:

a device for simulating a human pneumothorax structure comprises a thoracic cavity structure 2, wherein a lung structure 2-2 is arranged in the thoracic cavity structure 2; the lung structure is provided with an airway tube 2-3 extending out of the chest structure 2; the airway tube 2-3 is connected with an airway 2-4;

the other end of the air passage 2-4 is connected with a breathing component 3; the respiratory component 3 controls the expansion and contraction of the lung structure 2-2 so that the lung structure 2-2 is switched between an inhalation expanded state 2-2-1 and an exhalation contracted state 2-2-2;

the thoracic cavity structure 2 is also provided with a negative pressure air passage 2-5 for connecting the thoracic cavity drainage device 1;

the ventilation catheter 2-3 is provided with a gas one-way valve 2-1 for controlling ventilation amount, and the gas in the gas one-way valve 2-1 is only discharged into the thoracic cavity structure 2.

The respiratory component 3 comprises a respiratory power source 3-3, an expiration channel 3-1 and an inspiration channel 3-2;

the expiration channel 3-1, the inspiration channel 3-2 and the connecting airway 2-4 are connected with each other through a tee joint; a respiratory power source 3-3 is disposed in the inhalation passage 3-2 to provide an air flow to the inhalation passage 3-2 toward the connection airway 2-4.

It also comprises a respiratory rate control center 4, wherein the respiratory rate control center 4 is connected with a respiratory power source 3-3.

The chest structure 2 is a sealed cavity structure.

The utility model will now be described with reference to the following principles:

under normal conditions, the negative pressure of the pleural cavity is averagely-0.4-0.6 KPa, when in inspiration, muscle contraction between ribs drives the ribs to lift and abduct, diaphragm contraction drives the diaphragm to move downwards, so that the volume of the pleural cavity is enlarged, the pressure is reduced when the volume is enlarged, and the air pressure in the lung is lower than the external atmospheric pressure, so that air enters the lung due to the action of pressure difference. During exhalation, the lung returns by means of the retraction force of the lung, and the chest is drawn to be reduced, the chest volume is reduced, and the air pressure in the lung is higher than the external atmospheric pressure, so that carbon dioxide in alveoli is exhaled.

Normally the lungs are airtight, and the lung tissue and the pleura of the visceral layer are ruptured, or fine air bubbles near the surface of the lungs are ruptured, due to lung disease or external force effects, and the air in the lungs and bronchi escapes into the pleural cavity. The pneumothorax line can be seen in the chest radiograph, and the pneumothorax amount is generally less than 1/3 of the chest, and can be automatically absorbed. If the gas quantity is relatively large, a chest drainage device is needed.

The specific method is as follows: pneumothorax is a condition caused by the escape of air from the lung structure into the chest cavity, which causes the lung structure to contract. The novel gas check valve 2-1 of this experiment installation in lung structure top is used for the simulation gas leakage, and gas can only follow lung to thorax structure 2 escape, and the pulmonary tissue state of breaking of simulation pneumothorax patient.

When the human body is simulated to inhale, the breathing power source 3-3 controls the inhalation channel to inhale air, the air enters the lung structure 2-2 from the air channel 2-4 to realize an inhalation expansion state 2-2-1, and meanwhile, the air check valve 2-1 begins to leak air, so that the air escapes into the chest structure 2, the pressure of the chest structure 2 becomes large, the lung structure 2-2 can be compressed, and the lung structure 2-2 cannot be effectively expanded. The chest drainage device 1 of the real-time monitoring chest structure 2 can detect the pressure of the chest structure 2, when detecting the pressure fluctuation increase, a vacuum pump can be started to give negative pressure through a negative pressure air passage 2-5, the consistency of the pressure of a drainage bottle and the pressure of outflow gas is maintained, a patient is helped to timely discharge residual carbon dioxide gas, and the stability of the pressure of the lung structure 2-2 is maintained.

When the human body is simulated to exhale, the breathing power source 3-3 controls to stop inhaling, and starts to exhaust gas, gas in the lung structure 2-2, the lung structure 2-2 achieves an exhaling shrinkage state 2-2-2, and the exhaled gas escapes into the chest structure 2 through the gas one-way valve 2-1, so that the pressure of the gas in the chest structure 2 is increased, and further the lung is extruded or pressed; at this time, the chest drainage device 1 can start the vacuum pump to give negative pressure through the negative pressure airway 2-5, maintain the consistency of the pressure of the drainage bottle and the pressure of the outflow gas, help the patient to timely discharge the residual carbon dioxide gas, and maintain the stability of the pressure of the lung structure 2-2.

If the thoracic structure 2 cannot be effectively regulated, the effect of the thoracic drainage device 1 is not complete enough, and if the thoracic structure 2 can be effectively regulated and maintained stable, the thoracic drainage device 1 can be put into use.

The utility model is also provided with a respiratory rate control center 4, which can adjust the respiratory rate of different patients according to pneumothorax symptoms of the patients, further control the air leakage of the air check valve 2-1, and find the chest drainage device 1 which is more suitable for the patients.

While the utility model has been illustrated and described with respect to specific embodiments and alternatives thereof, it will be appreciated that various changes and modifications can be made therein without departing from the spirit of the utility model. It is, therefore, to be understood that the utility model is not to be in any way limited except by the appended claims and their equivalents.

Claims (4)

1. A device for simulating the structure of a human pneumothorax, which is characterized in that: comprises a chest structure (2), wherein a lung structure (2-2) is arranged in the chest structure (2); the lung structure is provided with an airway tube (2-3) extending out of the chest structure (2); the airway tube (2-3) is connected with an airway (2-4);

the other end of the air passage (2-4) is connected with a breathing component (3); the respiratory component (3) controls the expansion and contraction of the lung structure (2-2) so that the lung structure (2-2) is switched between an inhalation expansion state (2-2-1) and an exhalation contraction state (2-2-2);

the thoracic cavity structure (2) is also provided with a negative pressure air passage (2-5) for connecting with the thoracic cavity drainage device (1);

the ventilation catheter (2-3) is provided with a gas one-way valve (2-1) for controlling the ventilation amount, and the gas in the gas one-way valve (2-1) is only discharged into the thoracic cavity structure (2).

2. A device for simulating a human pneumothorax structure according to claim 1, wherein: the respiratory component (3) comprises a respiratory power source (3-3), an expiration channel (3-1) and an inspiration channel (3-2);

the expiration channel (3-1), the inspiration channel (3-2) and the connecting airway (2-4) are connected with each other through a tee joint; the breathing power source (3-3) is arranged in the air suction channel (3-2) to provide air flow to the connecting air channel (2-4) for the air suction channel (3-2).

3. A device for simulating a human pneumothorax structure according to claim 1, wherein: the device also comprises a respiratory rate control center (4), wherein the respiratory rate control center (4) is connected with a respiratory power source (3-3).

4. A device for simulating a human pneumothorax structure according to claim 1, wherein: the chest structure (2) is a sealed cavity structure.

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