CN219077503U

CN219077503U - Test piece loading device

Info

Publication number: CN219077503U
Application number: CN202223388310.4U
Authority: CN
Inventors: 陈濛; 李同; 杜恒毅; 尹剑; 范磊
Original assignee: Shanghai Aircraft Manufacturing Co Ltd
Current assignee: Shanghai Aircraft Manufacturing Co Ltd
Priority date: 2022-12-16
Filing date: 2022-12-16
Publication date: 2023-05-26
Anticipated expiration: 2032-12-16

Abstract

The utility model belongs to the technical field of aircraft structural strength tests, and discloses a test piece loading device. The test piece loading device comprises a bearing piece, a mounting piece and a connecting assembly; the connecting component comprises a limiting piece, a universal bearing and a connecting piece, wherein the connecting piece is connected with the mounting piece, the supporting piece is arranged on the connecting piece through the universal bearing, and the limiting piece is arranged between the universal bearing and the mounting piece. According to the test piece loading device, the universal bearing is arranged, so that the bearing piece can flexibly rotate relative to the mounting piece, and when the load is too large, the test piece is slightly deformed and then deflected, the mutual extrusion between the bearing piece and the connecting piece can be avoided, and the components are prevented from being damaged; due to the fact that the limiting piece is arranged, the situation that the bearing piece is damaged due to the fact that the bearing piece is extruded by the mounting piece when the distance between the mounting piece and the bearing piece is too small can be avoided.

Description

Test piece loading device

Technical Field

The utility model relates to the technical field of aircraft structural strength tests, in particular to a test piece loading device.

Background

In the static force and fatigue strength test of an aircraft, a lever type test piece loading device is generally adopted, one end of the loading device is connected with a hydraulic actuator or other force application devices, and the other end of the loading device transmits load to the test piece through a bearing piece. The current lever type test piece loading device mainly comprises two channel steels and connecting bolts, the channel steels on two sides clamp the bearing piece through the connecting bolts, and the hydraulic actuator transfers load to the bearing piece through the channel steels and then transfers the load to the test piece through the bearing piece.

The existing test piece loading device is as provided in the patent of the utility model with the application number of CN201310652039.7, and the positioning bolts and the bushings are arranged on the channel steels at two sides of the loading lever for the structural strength test of the aircraft, so that gaps between the channel steels at two sides can be fixed, and the situation that the bearing piece is extruded by the inner sides of the channel steels to cause uneven stress and further influence the test result is avoided. However, this test piece loading device has the following problems: when the load is too large to cause deformation of the test piece, the bearing piece can deflect under the drive of the test piece, an included angle is formed between the bearing piece and the bushing, and then the bearing piece and the bushing are mutually extruded to generate larger stress concentration, so that the bearing piece and the bushing are extremely easy to damage.

Disclosure of Invention

The utility model aims to provide a test piece loading device which can prevent all parts from being damaged when the load is overlarge, reduce the failure rate of the device and improve the reliability of the loading process.

To achieve the purpose, the utility model adopts the following technical scheme:

the utility model provides a test piece loading device, comprising:

the bearing piece is used for being connected with the test piece;

a mounting piece for connection with a force application device,

the connecting assembly comprises a limiting part, a universal bearing and a connecting part, wherein the connecting part is connected with the mounting part, the receiving part is arranged on the connecting part through the universal bearing, and the limiting part is arranged between the universal bearing and the mounting part.

Preferably, the two installing pieces are connected through the connecting piece, the universal bearing is arranged between the two installing pieces, the two limiting pieces are respectively arranged between the universal bearing and the installing pieces on two sides.

Preferably, the universal bearing comprises an inner ring and an outer ring which are in running fit, the inner ring is arranged on the connecting piece, and the bearing piece is fixedly connected with the outer ring; one ends of the two limiting parts are respectively abutted against two sides of the inner ring, and the other ends of the two limiting parts are respectively abutted against the mounting parts on two sides.

Preferably, the connecting assembly further comprises a gasket, the gasket is sleeved on the connecting member, the two limiting members are arranged on the gasket, and the inner ring is sleeved on the gasket.

Preferably, the lining member includes a first lining sleeve and a second lining sleeve, the first lining sleeve is arranged on the connecting member, the second lining sleeve is arranged on the first lining sleeve, one of the limiting members is fixedly arranged on the first lining sleeve, the other limiting member is fixedly arranged on the second lining sleeve, and the inner ring sleeve is arranged on the second lining sleeve.

Preferably, the test piece loading device further comprises a connecting seat, two ends of the connecting seat are fixedly connected with the two mounting pieces respectively, and the force application device is connected to the connecting seat through bolts.

Preferably, the two mounting pieces are provided with mounting holes, the connecting piece comprises a bolt and a nut, the bolt passes through the two mounting holes on the mounting pieces, the head of the bolt abuts against the mounting piece on one side, and the nut is screwed on the bolt and abuts against the mounting piece on the other side.

Preferably, each mounting member has two mounting holes, one of which is elongated.

Preferably, the test piece loading device further comprises a locking piece, and two ends of the locking piece are respectively connected with the two mounting pieces.

Preferably, the test piece loading device further includes a reinforcing member provided on a side surface of the mounting member.

The utility model has the beneficial effects that:

according to the test piece loading device provided by the utility model, the bearing piece is used for being connected with the test piece, the mounting piece is used for being connected with the force application device, the mounting piece is connected with the bearing piece through the connecting component, and the force application device transmits load to the bearing piece through the mounting piece and the connecting component and then to the test piece through the bearing piece, so that the load transmission of the force application device is realized; through setting up the universal bearing between connecting piece and the receiver, the receiver can realize the nimble rotation of arbitrary direction for the connecting piece, when the load is too big makes the test piece take place small deformation and then leads to the receiver to take place the deflection, can avoid the mutual extrusion between receiver and the connecting piece to eliminate stress concentration, guarantee that each part is not damaged; meanwhile, through tiny self-adaptive adjustment, the acting direction of the load is always perpendicular to the loading point, so that the direction of the load is prevented from being offset and changed, and the perpendicularity of acting force and the accuracy of loading position are ensured; because be provided with the locating part between universal bearing and the installed part for keep certain interval between universal bearing and the installed part, avoid appearing the installed part and accept the condition that the load loading that the installed part extrusion caused is inaccurate even accept the piece damage when accepting the piece interval undersize, reduced the fault rate of this test piece loading device, through the length design to the locating part can control the deformation angle of permission simultaneously, further improved the reliability of loading.

Drawings

FIG. 1 is a schematic view of a test piece loading device according to an embodiment of the present utility model;

FIG. 2 is an assembled and disassembled view of a stop member according to an embodiment of the present utility model;

FIG. 3 is a schematic view of the installation of a gimbal bearing with spacer and limiter according to an embodiment of the present utility model;

fig. 4 is a schematic view illustrating installation of a connection assembly according to an embodiment of the present utility model.

In the figure:

1-a receiving member;

2-mounting; 21-mounting holes;

a 3-connection assembly; 31-universal bearings; 311-inner ring; 312-outer ring; 32-a connector; 33-limiting piece; 331-first male member; 332-a second male member; 333-third male member; 334-fourth male member; 34-a pad member; 341-a first bushing; 342-a second bushing;

4-connecting seats;

5-reinforcement;

6-locking piece.

Detailed Description

The utility model is described in further detail below with reference to the drawings and examples. It is to be understood that the specific embodiments described herein are merely illustrative of the utility model and are not limiting thereof. It should be further noted that, for convenience of description, only some, but not all of the structures related to the present utility model are shown in the drawings.

In the description of the present utility model, unless explicitly stated and limited otherwise, the terms "connected," "connected," and "fixed" are to be construed broadly, and may be, for example, fixedly connected, detachably connected, or integrally formed; can be mechanically or electrically connected; can be directly connected or indirectly connected through an intermediate medium, and can be communicated with the inside of two elements or the interaction relationship of the two elements. The specific meaning of the above terms in the present utility model will be understood in specific cases by those of ordinary skill in the art.

In the present utility model, unless expressly stated or limited otherwise, a first feature "above" or "below" a second feature may include both the first and second features being in direct contact, as well as the first and second features not being in direct contact but being in contact with each other through additional features therebetween. Moreover, a first feature being "above," "over" and "on" a second feature includes the first feature being directly above and obliquely above the second feature, or simply indicating that the first feature is higher in level than the second feature. The first feature being "under", "below" and "beneath" the second feature includes the first feature being directly under and obliquely below the second feature, or simply means that the first feature is less level than the second feature.

In the description of the present embodiment, the terms "upper", "lower", "right", "left", and the like are orientation or positional relationships based on those shown in the drawings, merely for convenience of description and simplicity of operation, and do not indicate or imply that the apparatus or elements referred to must have a specific orientation, be constructed and operated in a specific orientation, and thus should not be construed as limiting the utility model. Furthermore, the terms "first," "second," and the like, are used merely for distinguishing between descriptions and not for distinguishing between them.

As shown in fig. 1, the present utility model provides a test piece loading device including a socket 1, a mounting member 2, and a connection assembly 3; the connecting component 1 is used for being connected with a test piece, the mounting piece 2 is used for being connected with a force application device, the connecting component 3 comprises a limiting piece 33, a universal bearing 31 and a connecting piece 32, the connecting piece 32 is connected with the mounting piece 2, the connecting piece 1 is arranged on the connecting piece 32 through the universal bearing 31, and the limiting piece 33 is arranged between the universal bearing 31 and the mounting piece 2. In this embodiment, the receiving element 1 is used for connecting with a test element, the mounting element 2 is used for connecting with a force application device, the mounting element 2 is connected with the receiving element 1 through the connecting component 3, the force application device transmits load to the receiving element 1 through the mounting element 2 and the connecting component 3, and the load is transmitted to the test element by the receiving element 1, so that the load transmission of the force application device is realized; by arranging the universal bearing 31 between the connecting piece 32 and the bearing piece 1, the bearing piece 1 can flexibly rotate in any direction relative to the connecting piece 32, and when the load is excessive so that the test piece is slightly deformed and the bearing piece 1 is deflected, the mutual extrusion between the bearing piece 1 and the connecting piece 32 can be avoided, thereby eliminating stress concentration and ensuring that all parts are not damaged; meanwhile, through tiny self-adaptive adjustment, the acting direction of the load is always perpendicular to the loading point, so that the direction of the load is prevented from being offset and changed, and the perpendicularity of acting force and the accuracy of loading position are ensured; because the limiting piece 33 is arranged between the universal bearing 31 and the mounting piece 2, a certain interval is kept between the universal bearing 31 and the mounting piece 2, the situation that the load loading is inaccurate and even the bearing piece 1 is damaged due to the fact that the bearing piece 1 is extruded by the mounting piece 2 when the interval between the mounting piece 2 and the bearing piece 1 is too small is avoided, and the fault rate of the test piece loading device is reduced; meanwhile, the length of the limiting piece 33 is designed, so that the allowable deformation angle is controlled, and the loading reliability and accuracy are further improved.

Further, as shown in fig. 1 and 4, there are two mounting members 2, the two mounting members 2 are connected by a connecting member 32, a universal bearing 31 is provided between the two mounting members 2, there are two limiting members 33, and the two limiting members 33 are respectively located between the universal bearing 31 and the mounting members 2 on both sides. In the embodiment, the two mounting pieces 2 are connected through the connecting piece 32, and the universal bearing 31, the limiting piece 33 and the bearing piece 1 are all clamped between the two mounting pieces 2, so that the stability in the loading process is improved; the two limiting members 33 can keep the two sides of the universal bearing 31 spaced from the mounting members 2, so that the bearing member 1 and the mounting members 2 on the two sides are prevented from being extruded to damage each part.

Specifically, as shown in fig. 2, the universal bearing 31 includes an inner ring 311 and an outer ring 312 that are in running fit, the inner ring 311 is disposed on the connecting member 32, and the socket member 1 is fixedly connected with the outer ring 312; one end of each of the two limiting pieces 33 abuts against two sides of the inner ring 311, and the other end of each of the two limiting pieces 33 abuts against the mounting pieces 2 on two sides. In this embodiment, the outer diameter of the inner ring 311 is larger than the outer diameter of the outer ring 312, and the outer ring 312 can rotate around the inner ring 311 in any direction; the inner ring 311 is sleeved on the connecting piece 32, the two limiting pieces 33 are sleeved on the connecting piece 32 and are respectively positioned at two sides of the inner ring 311, the limiting pieces 33 can be cylinders with certain thickness or two thin rings integrally connected, one end of each limiting piece 33 abuts against the inner ring 311, the other end of each limiting piece 33 abuts against the mounting piece 2, and therefore the axial position of the inner ring 311 on the connecting piece 32 is limited.

Specifically, as shown in fig. 3, the connecting assembly 3 further includes a spacer 34, the spacer 34 is sleeved on the connecting member 32, two limiting members 33 are both disposed on the spacer 34, and an inner ring 311 is sleeved on the spacer 34. In this embodiment, the inner ring 311 and the limiting member 33 are sleeved on the connecting member 32 through the lining member 34, so that abrasion and extrusion of the device to the connecting member 32 in the use process can be reduced, the situation that load cannot be accurately transmitted due to damage of the connecting member 32 is avoided, and the service life of the device is prolonged; wherein the limiting piece 33 is fixedly connected with the lining piece 34, unnecessary shaking in the loading process is reduced, and the loading accuracy is improved.

Specifically, as shown in fig. 3, the cushion member 34 includes a first bush 341 and a second bush 342, the first bush 341 is sleeved on the connecting member 32, the second bush 342 is sleeved on the first bush 341, one of the stoppers 33 is fixedly provided on the first bush 341, the other stopper 33 is fixedly provided on the second bush 342, and the inner ring 311 is sleeved on the second bush 342. In the present embodiment, the first bushing 341 and the second bushing 342 are sleeved together, and after loading is completed, the universal bearing 31 can be removed by separating the first bushing 341 and the second bushing 342, so as to facilitate replacement and maintenance of the universal bearing 31; the limiting member 33 includes a first protruding member 331, a second protruding member 332, a third protruding member 333, and a fourth protruding member 334, where the first protruding member 331, the second protruding member 332, the third protruding member 333, and the fourth protruding member 334 are all circular thin plates, and the first protruding member 331 and the second protruding member 332 are fixed on the first sleeve 341, and a space exists between the first protruding member 331 and the second protruding member 332; the third protruding member 333 and the fourth protruding member 334 are fixed to the second bushing 342, and a space is also provided between the third protruding member 333 and the fourth protruding member 334; the design of the limiting member 33 as a circular thin plate reduces the overall weight of the device and improves the practicability.

Further, as shown in fig. 1, the test piece loading device further includes a connecting seat 4, two ends of the connecting seat 4 are fixedly connected with the two mounting pieces 2 respectively, and the force application device is connected to the connecting seat 4 through bolts. In this embodiment, the connecting seat 4 is made of steel plate, and is welded with the two mounting pieces 2, the connecting seat 4 is provided with bolt holes, and the force application device can be connected with the connecting seat 4 through bolts, i.e. the connecting seat 4 plays a role similar to a quick-mounting head in the device, thereby realizing the detachable connection of the force application device and the mounting pieces 2.

Further, as shown in fig. 1 and 4, the two mounting members 2 are each provided with a mounting hole 21, the connecting member 32 includes a bolt and a nut, the bolt passes through the mounting holes 21 on the two mounting members 2 and the head of the bolt abuts against the mounting member 2 on one side, and the nut is screwed on the bolt and abuts against the mounting member 2 on the other side. In the present embodiment, the two mounting members 2 are detachably connected by bolts, so that the socket 1, the universal bearing 31, and the stopper 33 between the two mounting members 2 are easily maintained and replaced.

Specifically, as shown in fig. 1, each mounting member 2 has two mounting holes 21, and one of the mounting holes 21 is elongated. In this embodiment, the centers of the two mounting holes 21 are the same distance from the two ends of the mounting member 2, one of the mounting holes 21 is elongated, and the length direction of the mounting hole is parallel to the ground; the mounting holes 21 with the strip-shaped design can prevent the condition that the connecting piece 32 cannot be normally connected due to machining errors, so that bolts can be conveniently penetrated; meanwhile, when a large load is loaded, the connecting piece 32 can rigidly extrude with the mounting pieces 2 on two sides, and the design of the strip-shaped holes on one side reduces the assembly stress, avoids the mutual interference between parts and reduces the failure rate of the test piece loading device.

Specifically, as shown in fig. 1, the test piece loading device further includes a locking member 6, and two ends of the locking member 6 are respectively connected with the two mounting pieces 2. In this embodiment, the locking member 6 is made of a steel plate, and two ends of the locking member 6 are welded to the two mounting members 2, so that the connection between the two mounting members 2 is reinforced, and the stability and reliability of the test piece loading device are enhanced.

Further, as shown in fig. 1, the test piece loading device further includes a reinforcing member 5, and the reinforcing member 5 is provided at a side surface of the mounting member 2. In this embodiment, the mounting member 2 is a channel steel, the reinforcing member 5 is a steel plate, the reinforcing member 5 is arranged on the side surface of the two channel steel facing away from one side, one end of the reinforcing member 5 is connected with the upper bottom surface of the channel steel, the other end of the reinforcing member 5 is connected with the lower bottom surface of the channel steel, and the reinforcing member 5 is arranged above the connecting seat 4; because connecting seat 4 is connected with force application device, consequently connecting seat 4 is main atress position, needs bear great force, and reinforcement 5 is fixed on mounting 2 of connecting seat 4 top, corresponds the setting with the position of connecting seat 4, can carry out effectual reinforcing to the structural strength of this main atress point to better protection mounting 2 is not damaged.

It is to be understood that the above examples of the present utility model are provided for clarity of illustration only and are not limiting of the embodiments of the present utility model. Various obvious changes, rearrangements and substitutions can be made by those skilled in the art without departing from the scope of the utility model. It is not necessary here nor is it exhaustive of all embodiments. Any modification, equivalent replacement, improvement, etc. which come within the spirit and principles of the utility model are desired to be protected by the following claims.

Claims

1. Test piece loading device, its characterized in that includes:

the test device comprises a bearing piece (1), wherein the bearing piece (1) is used for being connected with a test piece;

a mounting piece (2), wherein the mounting piece (2) is used for being connected with a force application device,

coupling assembling (3), coupling assembling (3) include locating part (33), universal bearing (31) and connecting piece (32), connecting piece (32) with install piece (2) are connected, adapting piece (1) are passed through universal bearing (31) set up on connecting piece (32), locating part (33) set up universal bearing (31) with install piece (2) between.

2. Test piece loading device according to claim 1, characterized in that there are two mounting pieces (2), two mounting pieces (2) are connected by means of the connecting piece (32), the universal bearing (31) is arranged between the two mounting pieces (2), there are two limiting pieces (33), and the two limiting pieces (33) are respectively arranged between the universal bearing (31) and the mounting pieces (2) on both sides.

3. Test piece loading device according to claim 2, characterized in that the universal bearing (31) comprises an inner ring (311) and an outer ring (312) which are in a running fit, the inner ring (311) being arranged on the connecting piece (32), the receiving piece (1) being fixedly connected with the outer ring (312); one ends of the two limiting pieces (33) are respectively abutted against two sides of the inner ring (311), and the other ends of the two limiting pieces (33) are respectively abutted against the mounting pieces (2) on two sides.

4. A test piece loading device according to claim 3, wherein the connecting assembly (3) further comprises a spacer (34), the spacer (34) is sleeved on the connecting piece (32), two limiting pieces (33) are both arranged on the spacer (34), and the inner ring (311) is sleeved on the spacer (34).

5. The test piece loading device according to claim 4, wherein the spacer member (34) includes a first bushing (341) and a second bushing (342), the first bushing (341) is sleeved on the connecting member (32), the second bushing (342) is sleeved on the first bushing (341), one of the limiting members (33) is fixedly disposed on the first bushing (341), the other limiting member (33) is fixedly disposed on the second bushing (342), and the inner ring (311) is sleeved on the second bushing (342).

6. Test piece loading device according to claim 2, further comprising a connecting seat (4), wherein two ends of the connecting seat (4) are fixedly connected with the two mounting pieces (2), respectively, and the force application device is connected to the connecting seat (4) through bolts.

7. Test piece loading device according to claim 2, characterized in that mounting holes (21) are formed in both mounting pieces (2), the connecting piece (32) comprises a bolt and a nut, the bolt passes through the mounting holes (21) in both mounting pieces (2) and the head of the bolt abuts against the mounting piece (2) on one side, and the nut is screwed on the bolt and abuts against the mounting piece (2) on the other side.

8. Test piece loading device according to claim 7, wherein there are two mounting holes (21) per mounting piece (2), one of the mounting holes (21) being elongated.

9. Test piece loading device according to claim 2, further comprising a locking member (6), both ends of the locking member (6) being connected to the two mounting members (2), respectively.

10. Test piece loading device according to any of claims 1-9, characterized in that the test piece loading device further comprises a reinforcement (5), which reinforcement (5) is arranged at the side of the mounting piece (2).