CN219070596U

CN219070596U - Novel medical hollow nail

Info

Publication number: CN219070596U
Application number: CN202122467084.8U
Authority: CN
Inventors: 范存义; 钱运; 王旭; 刘珅; 欧阳元明; 王伟; 陈帅
Original assignee: Shanghai Sixth Peoples Hospital
Current assignee: Shanghai Sixth Peoples Hospital
Priority date: 2021-10-13
Filing date: 2021-10-13
Publication date: 2023-05-26
Anticipated expiration: 2031-10-13

Abstract

The utility model discloses a novel medical hollow nail, which consists of a nail body with a through hole in the middle, wherein the nail body comprises a head part and a tail part, the tail part comprises a plurality of layers from inside to outside, a connecting beam is arranged between adjacent layers, and the tail part is provided with a pore canal for communicating an outer wall surface with the through hole; the lower end of the head part is fixedly connected with the upper end of the tail part; the upper end of the head part is provided with a counter bore, the lower end of the tail part is provided with a toothed nail tip, the outer side wall of the nail body is provided with a thread part, and the thread part is provided with a groove. Aiming at the specific problems in clinic, the hollow nail which needs to be taken out for a long time or for the second time is made of non-degradable materials, so that a stronger fixing and supporting effect can be provided in the bone healing stage; the condition of long-term existence or secondary taking out is not needed, and a degradable material is adopted, so that a certain fixed supporting effect can be provided in the bone healing stage, the bone is completely degraded after healing, secondary taking out is avoided, and the economic burden and pain of a patient are reduced. Has more selection and obvious advantages and has obvious clinical value.

Description

Novel medical hollow nail

Technical Field

The utility model relates to the field of medical instruments, in particular to a novel medical hollow nail.

Background

After fracture, different internal fixtures are selected according to different fracture parts, and hollow nails are important internal fixing devices. The hollow nail is mainly applied to the positions of femur neck fracture and the like, and the damage is very small mainly due to the special fixing and pressurizing effects of the hollow nail, and a steel plate is not needed.

For example, patent cn201922417528.X provides a hollow nail, which includes a nail body having a through hole in the middle, the upper end of the nail body is a nail cap, the lower end of the nail body is a nail head, the outer side wall of the lower end of the nail body is provided with a threaded portion, and the lower end face of the nail cap is a plane perpendicular to the axis of the nail body.

Most of the current hollow nails are nondegradable metal hollow nails, for example, the hollow nails are made of nondegradable medical titanium alloy. The biological inert material can be used as foreign matter to stay in the body for a long time after being implanted, and can stimulate peripheral body tissues to different degrees to generate tissue reactions to different degrees. However, most implants, except for implants that require permanent support such as joints, do not need to exist for a long period of time after healing of human tissue from a clinical point of view. For patients who do not need to exist for a long time, if the non-degradable metal hollow nails are adopted, the patients need to be taken out by adopting secondary operation, and pain and economic burden are increased for the patients.

Therefore, the novel medical hollow nail is provided, and for the hollow nail which needs to exist for a long time or be taken out for a second time, non-degradable materials such as stainless steel, cobalt alloy, titanium alloy, shape memory alloy, noble metal, pure metal tantalum, niobium, zirconium and the like are adopted, so that stronger fixing and supporting effects can be provided in the bone healing stage; for hollow nails which do not need to exist for a long time, PCL, PLA, PHA, PLCL, PLGA and other degradable materials such as degradable magnesium alloy, iron alloy and zinc alloy are adopted, so that the requirements of clinical mechanical properties can be met, the hollow nails can be degraded in human bodies, adverse reactions can not be caused to the human bodies in the degradation process, and the hollow nails have important significance for hard tissue repair.

Disclosure of Invention

The utility model provides a novel medical hollow nail which adopts non-degradable and degradable materials respectively, not only can meet the mechanical property requirement required by hard tissue repair, but also can be safely degraded in vivo, thereby avoiding secondary taking out and relieving the economic burden and pain of patients.

The novel medical hollow nail consists of a nail body with a through hole in the middle, wherein the nail body comprises a head part and a tail part, the tail part comprises a plurality of layers from inside to outside, a connecting beam is arranged between adjacent layers, and a pore canal is arranged at the tail part to communicate an outer wall surface with the through hole; the lower end of the head part is fixedly connected with the upper end of the tail part; the upper end of the head part is provided with a counter bore, the lower end of the tail part is provided with a toothed spike, the outer side wall of the spike body is provided with a thread part, and the thread part is provided with a groove;

the hollow nail material is a non-degradable material or a degradable material; the non-degradable material is one of stainless steel, cobalt alloy, titanium alloy, shape memory alloy, noble metal, pure metal tantalum, pure metal niobium and pure metal zirconium;

the non-degradable material is one of PCL, PLA, PHA, PLCL, PLGA, magnesium alloy, iron alloy and zinc alloy.

Preferably, the two grooves are parallel to the nail body and are centrosymmetric relative to the central axis of the nail body.

Preferably, the head and tail of the nail body are integrally formed.

Preferably, the shape of the counter bore is one of quincuncial, straight-line and inner hexagon.

Preferably, the cross section of the groove is one of a circle, a rectangle or a triangle.

Preferably, the toothed spike is centrosymmetric with respect to a central axis of the spike body.

Preferably, the screw thread provided on the outer wall surface of the nail body near the lower end forms the screw thread part.

Further, the outer diameter of the threaded portion is larger than the diameter of the upper end face of the head portion.

Preferably, the thread portion is formed by a thread provided on an outer wall surface of the tail portion near the lower end and a thread provided on an outer wall surface of the head portion near the upper end.

Preferably, the screw threads provided on all outer wall surfaces of the nail body form the screw thread portion.

Compared with the prior art, the utility model has the following technical effects:

(1) The utility model aims at the hollow nail which does not need to exist for a long time in clinic, adopts degradable magnesium alloy material, can provide a fixing and supporting effect in the bone healing stage, is completely degraded after healing, avoids secondary taking out, reduces the economic burden and pain of patients, has obvious advantages compared with the nondegradable metal hollow nail, and has obvious clinical value.

(2) Through the setting of nail body layered structure, internal liquid can get into between the adjacent layer and in the through-hole through the pore, greatly increased degradation rate.

(3) The screw thread portion of hollow nail is equipped with central symmetry's recess, can effectively avoid the not hard up of the nail body, promotes blood supply effect simultaneously.

(4) The tooth-shaped nail point is designed in a central symmetry way relative to the central axis of the nail body, is suitable for the characteristics of materials and is convenient for nailing.

(5) The distribution of the screw threads on the outer wall surface of the screw body can be designed and selected according to actual needs.

(6) The counter bore for adapting the screwdriver can be one of quincuncial, straight-line and inner hexagon, and is adapted to multiple types of screwdrivers.

(7) The utility model adopts the design of no-nail-cap countersunk head, avoids exposure and secondary operation.

Drawings

FIG. 1 is a schematic structural view of a novel medical hollow staple of the present utility model;

FIG. 2 is a schematic structural view of a second novel medical hollow staple of the present utility model;

FIG. 3 is a schematic structural view of a third novel medical hollow staple of the present utility model;

FIG. 4 is a cross-sectional view of the nail body A of FIG. 3;

FIG. 5 is a cross-sectional view of the position B of the shank of FIG. 3;

FIG. 6 is a schematic diagram of the distribution of grooves in the present utility model, wherein the first left side shows one groove, the second left side shows two grooves, and the third left side shows three grooves; the left four shows four grooves;

figures 7a-c are schematic illustrations of the shape of a cross-section of a groove in the present utility model, figure 7a showing a circular groove, figure 7b showing a circular groove, and figure 7c showing a triangular groove;

the reference symbols in the drawings indicate the description:

1-nail body, 11-head, 111-counter bore, 12-tail, 121-tooth nail tip, 13-thread part, 131-groove and 14-through hole.

Detailed Description

Materials used in clinical orthopedic internal fixation hollow nails come in different forms, but must have specific properties that meet the needs of the endophyte. Because the hollow nail material is far from the human tissue in composition, and the tolerance degree of different tissues of the human body is different, the mechanical property requirements of different implantation positions on the hollow nail are also different, so that the hollow nail used for different positions of the human body needs to be screened according to application requirements. Therefore, the novel medical hollow nail is provided, and for the hollow nail which needs to be taken out for a long time or for a second time, nondegradable materials are adopted, including but not limited to 316L stainless steel, cobalt-based alloy, titanium alloy and the like, and the novel medical hollow nail can provide stronger fixing and supporting effects in the bone healing stage due to better comprehensive mechanical properties (strength, toughness and fatigue resistance) and excellent processing and forming capabilities; for hollow nails that do not need to exist for long periods of time, degradable materials are used, including but not limited to alloys such as magnesium-based, zinc-based, iron-based, etc., polylactic acid resins, hydroxyapatite, tricalcium phosphate, external polylactic acid (PDLLA), polylactic acid (PLA), polyglycolide Lactide (PLGA), etc., as well as other polymer/polymer composites, polymer/inorganic composites, etc. Can meet the clinical mechanical property requirements, can be degraded in human body, does not cause adverse reaction to human body in the degradation process, and has important significance for hard tissue repair.

In summary, the present utility model provides a novel medical hollow nail, as shown in fig. 1, which is made of non-degradable and degradable materials, and is composed of a nail body 1, wherein a through hole 14 penetrating through the nail body 1 from top to bottom is arranged in the nail body 1, a threaded portion 13 is partially or completely arranged on the outer side wall of the nail body 1, a counter bore 111 is arranged at the upper end of the nail body 1, and a toothed nail tip 121 is arranged at the lower end of the nail body.

The present utility model will be described in detail and in detail by way of the following examples, which are not intended to limit the scope of the utility model, for better understanding of the utility model.

Example 1

Referring to fig. 1, the embodiment shown provides a novel medical hollow nail, which consists of a nail body 1 with a through hole 14 in the middle, wherein the nail body 1 comprises a head 11 and a tail 12 which are integrally formed, the tail 12 comprises a plurality of layers from inside to outside, and adjacent layers are fixedly connected through connecting beams, as shown in fig. 4; the tail 12 is provided with one or more channels communicating the outer wall surface with the through hole 14, as shown in fig. 5, the channels are arranged with a connection Liang Cuokai, and after being implanted into a human body, in-vivo liquid can enter between adjacent layers and in the through hole through the channels, so that the degradation rate is greatly increased.

Because the materials are screened according to the application requirements of different implantation positions, the materials are made of non-degradable and degradable materials, and the nailless countersunk design can be adopted according to specific conditions and positions, the exposure is avoided, and the stimulation to peripheral body tissues is reduced.

In a specific embodiment, the further the head 11 is from the upper end of the tail 12, the larger the diameter.

In this embodiment, the upper end of the head 11 is provided with a counter bore 111, and the lower bottom surface of the counter bore 111 is communicated with the through hole 14, as in fig. 2, the counter bore 111 is one of a quincuncial shape, a straight line shape and an inner hexagon shape, and is adapted to multiple types of screwdrivers.

In this embodiment, the screw thread formed on the outer wall surface of the nail body 1 near the lower end forms a screw thread portion 13, and the screw thread portion 13 is provided with N grooves 131. Specifically, as shown in fig. 6, the grooves 131 may be provided with 1 to 4 grooves parallel to the shank 1 and centered with respect to the central axis of the shank 1.

The loosening of the nail body can be effectively avoided through the design of the groove 131, and meanwhile, the blood supply effect is improved.

Further, the cross-section of the recess 131 may be one of circular, rectangular or triangular, as shown in fig. 7a-7 c.

In a preferred embodiment, the counterbore 111 is in a straight shape, and when the number of the grooves 131 is two, the connecting lines at the upper ends of the two grooves 131 are perpendicular to the counterbore 111, as shown in fig. 7a-7 c.

In this embodiment, the lower end of the tail 12 is provided with a plurality of tooth-shaped nail points 121, and the teeth of the tooth-shaped nail points 121 can be provided; further, the teeth of the toothed spike 121 are centrosymmetric with respect to the central axis of the spike body 1, and adapt to the material characteristics, thereby facilitating the driving.

In this embodiment, as shown in fig. 1, the outer diameter D2 of the threaded portion 13 is larger than the diameter D1 of the upper end surface of the head portion 11.

Example 2

Referring to fig. 2, this embodiment is based on embodiment 1, and differs from embodiment 1 in that: the screw threads formed on the whole outer wall surface of the nail body 1 form the screw thread part 13, and the screw thread part 13 is provided with N grooves 131.

Specifically, as shown in fig. 6, the grooves 131 may be provided with 1 to 4 grooves parallel to the shank 1 and centered with respect to the central axis of the shank 1. The cross-section of the recess 131 may be one of circular, rectangular or triangular, as shown in fig. 7a-7 c.

In a specific embodiment, the pitch of the threads of the outer wall of the head portion 11 is smaller than the pitch of the threads of the outer wall of the tail portion 12.

Example 3

Referring to fig. 3, this embodiment is based on embodiment 1, and differs from embodiment 1 in that: the screw thread formed on the outer wall surface of the tail 12 near the lower end and the screw thread formed on the outer wall surface of the head 11 near the upper end form a screw thread part 13, and the screw thread part 13 is provided with N grooves 131.

The above description of the specific embodiments of the present utility model has been given by way of example only, and the present utility model is not limited to the above described specific embodiments. Any equivalent modifications and substitutions for the present utility model will occur to those skilled in the art, and are also within the scope of the present utility model. Accordingly, equivalent changes and modifications are intended to be included within the scope of the present utility model without departing from the spirit and scope thereof.

Claims

1. The novel medical hollow nail consists of a nail body (1) with a through hole (14) in the middle, and is characterized in that the nail body (1) comprises a head part (11) and a tail part (12), the tail part (12) comprises a plurality of layers from inside to outside, a connecting beam is arranged between adjacent layers, and the tail part (12) is provided with a pore canal for communicating an outer wall surface with the through hole (14); the lower end of the head part (11) is fixedly connected with the upper end of the tail part (12); the upper end of the head part (11) is provided with a counter bore (111), the lower end of the tail part (12) is provided with a toothed nail tip (121), the outer side wall of the nail body (1) is provided with a thread part (13), and the thread part (13) is provided with a groove (131);

the hollow nail material is a non-degradable material or a degradable material; the non-degradable material is one of stainless steel, cobalt alloy, titanium alloy, shape memory alloy, noble metal, pure metal tantalum, pure metal niobium and pure metal zirconium; the non-degradable material is one of PCL, PLA, PHA, PLCL, PLGA, magnesium alloy, iron alloy and zinc alloy.

2. The novel medical hollow staple according to claim 1, wherein N grooves (131) are parallel to the staple body (1) and are centrosymmetric with respect to the central axis of the staple body (1), and N is 1 to 4.

3. A novel medical hollow staple according to claim 1, wherein the head (11) and tail (12) of the staple body (1) are integrally formed.

4. The novel medical hollow staple according to claim 1, wherein the counterbore (111) is one of quincuncial, in-line, and in-hexagon.

5. The novel medical hollow spike of claim 1 wherein said groove (131) is one of circular, rectangular or triangular in cross-section.

6. A new medical hollow spike as claimed in claim 1, wherein said toothed spike (121) is centrosymmetric with respect to the central axis of said spike body (1).

7. A novel medical hollow staple according to claim 1, wherein the screw thread provided on the outer wall surface of the staple body (1) near the lower end forms the screw thread portion (13).

8. A new medical hollow spike according to claim 7 wherein the outer diameter of the threaded portion (13) is greater than the diameter of the upper end face of the head portion (11).

9. A novel medical hollow spike according to claim 1 wherein the thread provided on the outer wall surface of the tail portion (12) near the lower end and the thread provided on the outer wall surface of the head portion (11) near the upper end form the thread portion (13).

10. A novel medical hollow staple according to claim 1, wherein the threads provided on all outer wall surfaces of the staple body (1) form the thread portion (13).