CN219065280U - Force-thermal coupling variable-angle electromagnetic high-speed impact in-situ test system - Google Patents

Abstract

The utility model relates to a force-heat coupling variable-angle electromagnetic high-speed impact in-situ test system which comprises an optical-infrared-acoustic emission monitoring module, a temperature control module, a damping buffer module, a test piece clamping module and an electromagnetic high-speed impact module. The electromagnetic high-speed impact module can realize the construction of a high-speed transient impact working condition; the temperature control module comprises components such as a temperature sensor and a display, and realizes the construction of high-speed impact working conditions at different temperatures; the optical-infrared-acoustic emission monitoring module comprises a high-speed camera unit, a DIC digital speckle unit, an IR infrared spectrum and other components, so that real-time in-situ monitoring of the impact response, the surface morphology, the temperature distribution and the defect nucleation of the test micro-area is realized; the test piece clamping module is used for adjusting the impact angle; the damping buffer module realizes safety protection and soft recovery of the test piece in the impact test process. The utility model provides instrument support for revealing failure mechanisms of different impact angles of materials under the working condition of force-heat coupling and microstructure evolution behavior thereof.

Description

Force-thermal coupling variable-angle electromagnetic high-speed impact in-situ test system

Technical Field

The utility model relates to the field of in-situ testing of mechanical properties of materials and the field of monitoring instruments, in particular to a force-thermal coupling variable-angle electromagnetic high-speed impact in-situ testing system. The system realizes synchronous-parity real-time in-situ monitoring of the impact response, surface morphology, temperature distribution and defect nucleation of a micro-area of a sample to be tested through the integrated use of a high-speed camera unit, a DIC digital speckle unit, a CCD optical digital camera component, an acoustic emission nondestructive testing component, an IR infrared spectrum component, a Raman spectrum component and a terahertz light source component, and utilizes a temperature control module to simulate a temperature environment close to an actual working condition, thereby providing a construction method and an instrument support for revealing the structural evolution and service performance degradation law of materials from the surface to the inner under the electromagnetic high-speed impact test condition.

Background

The service performance under the induction of multiple external fields of aviation industrial key materials represented by aviation thin-wall structural parts, aviation engine blades and the like and transportation industrial key materials represented by high-speed railway bodies and automobile bodies is a key for determining the safety and reliability, long-acting service and life-prolonging of materials under the extreme impact working condition of force-thermal coupling. However, micromechanics behaviors, deformation damage mechanisms and performance evolution rules of materials under the multi-field coupling extreme impact condition are not clear, innovation, development and effective improvement of impact resistance of the key materials are seriously restricted, and the promotion process of key industrial strategic and technological forces in China is retarded. Therefore, aiming at the service performance evolution rule of the key material under the high-temperature-impact coupling working condition, in-situ test research close to the actual service working condition is developed, the transient mechanical behavior and deformation damage mechanism of the key material are revealed, and the key material is of great importance for guaranteeing the safety and reliability of key industrial equipment in China and improving the service performance.

Based on biological compound eye structural features, an optical-infrared-acoustic emission synchronous in-situ monitoring method based on high-speed imaging, optical microscopic imaging, infrared thermal imaging and acoustic emission nondestructive detection is researched, and by combining means of high-speed camera transient identification, optical component continuous zooming, temperature distribution abnormal point identification, acoustic emission elastic wave detection and the like, parallel real-time monitoring technology of transient impact response, micro-area microstructure, global temperature gradient and internal defect evolution of the key materials is researched, and real-time in-situ monitoring is carried out on crack nucleation, surface desorption and interface peeling behaviors which cause material failure. And then reveal the microcosmic failure mechanism induced by multi-field coupling of the key material through in-situ test close to the actual service working condition, and establish the correlation between the typical material impact resistance and defect evolution and the surface interface behavior, realize the real-time in-situ test of the failure behavior from the surface to the inside and from the macro to the micro, and establish the threshold judgment criterion of the field effect service performance correlation and critical failure under the multi-field coupling extreme impact condition according to the real-time in-situ test.

The in-situ test of dynamic response and microscopic failure behavior of mechanical properties of materials under high-speed and high-low temperature conditions is carried out, is a necessary instrument for revealing a damage failure mechanism of key materials under impact conditions and revealing the correlation of working conditions, structures, behaviors and performances, can be applied to testing and analyzing key materials of aviation industry represented by aviation thin-wall structural members and fan blades of aviation engines and transportation industry represented by high-speed railway bodies and automobile bodies, and has important significance for evaluating and optimizing design and manufacturing impact resistance of composite materials represented by automobile bodies, high-speed railway bodies, body skins and the like and titanium alloy materials of the fan blades of aviation.

Disclosure of Invention

The utility model aims to provide a force-heat coupling variable angle electromagnetic high-speed impact in-situ test system, which is used for constructing an in-situ-based optical-infrared-acoustic emission monitoring system by constructing a temperature-impact coupling extreme service working condition, developing a multispectral in-situ equivalent test and data fusion analysis of material impact response, microstructure, temperature gradient and micro-area damage under the near service working condition, and acquiring a material service performance evolution rule.

The above object of the present utility model is achieved by the following technical solutions:

a force-heat coupling variable angle electromagnetic high-speed impact in-situ test system comprises an optical-infrared-acoustic emission monitoring module 1, a temperature control module 2, a damping buffer module 3, a test piece clamping module 4 and an electromagnetic high-speed impact module 5; the CCD optical digital camera component 1.2, the IR infrared spectrum component 1.3, the terahertz light source component 1.4, the Raman spectrum component 1.5 and the sound emission nondestructive detection component 1.6 are integrated on a bionic compound eye unit through a five-row four-column spherical grid array arranged on a spherical mounting cover to form an optical-infrared-sound emission monitoring module 1 together with the high-speed camera unit 1.7 and the DIC digital speckle unit 1.1, and are reasonably arranged on two sides of the temperature control module 2 according to the actual imaging distance, so that the 'impact response-surface morphology-temperature distribution-defect nucleation' of a micro-area of a sample to be tested is realized, and 'synchronous-parity' real-time in-situ monitoring is realized.

The electromagnetic high-speed impact module 5 comprises a circuit unit 5.1 and an ejection unit 5.2, wherein the circuit unit 5.1 comprises a capacitor 5.1.1, a boosting module 5.1.2, a battery pack 5.1.3 and a multistage accelerating coil 5.1.4; the multistage accelerating coils 5.1.4 are sequentially fixed on the gun barrel 5.2.2 according to the grades, a circuit is conducted after the transmitting button is pressed, the capacitor 5.1.1 is rapidly discharged, so that the primary coil is electrified to generate a magnetic field to attract the ejector 5.2.5 to accelerate forward, and when the ejector 5.2.5 passes through a photoelectric trigger between the primary coil and the secondary coil, the photoelectric trigger controls the secondary silicon controlled rectifier to electrify the secondary coil to attract the ejector 5.2.5 to accelerate continuously, and the construction of a high-speed transient impact working condition is realized through continuous acceleration of the multistage coil 5.1.4 to the ejector 5.2.5. The ejection unit 5.2 is provided with a gun barrel 5.2.2, and the gun barrel 5.2.2 is connected with the bracket 5.2.3 through bolts; a photoelectric trigger is arranged at a specific position between every two adjacent two-stage accelerating coils of the gun barrel 5.2.2 and is matched with a controllable silicon to realize the on-off of current in the accelerating coils at specific moment; the muzzle outlet end is matched with a speed/acceleration sensor 5.2.4 for measuring the outlet speed/acceleration of the projectile 5.2.5; the laser collimation assembly 5.2.1 arranged in the middle of the gun barrel 5.2.2 is matched with the test piece clamping module 4 to accurately position the impact position of the test piece to be tested.

The temperature control module 2 comprises a display 2.1, a box door 2.2, a temperature sensor 2.3, a temperature control box 2.4, quartz observation windows 2.5 and wheels 2.6, wherein the display 2.1 is arranged on the outer side surface of the box door 2.2, the temperature sensor 2.3 is arranged on the inner side surface of the box door 2.2, a base 3.1 of the damping buffer module 3 is fixed with the inner side surface of the temperature control box 2.4 through screws, and the quartz observation windows 2.5 formed on two sides and the top of the box are used for imaging and focusing of various instruments in the optical-infrared-acoustic emission monitoring module 1. The cross sliding table unit of the test piece clamping module 4 is fixed on the platform 3.5 of the damping buffer module 3 through screws, and the electromagnetic high-speed impact device 5 is fixed in the temperature control module box body 2.4 through a bracket 5.2.3.

The optical-infrared-acoustic emission monitoring module 1 comprises a high-speed camera unit 1.7, a DIC digital speckle unit 1.1, a CCD optical digital camera assembly 1.2, an IR infrared spectrum assembly 1.3, a terahertz light source assembly 1.4, a Raman spectrum assembly 1.5 and an acoustic emission nondestructive detection assembly 1.6, and is characterized in that: the CCD optical digital camera component 1.2, the IR infrared spectrum component 1.3, the terahertz light source component 1.4, the Raman spectrum component 1.5 and the sound emission nondestructive detection component 1.6 are installed in a five-row four-column spherical grid array arranged on the spherical installation cover through threaded connection; the CCD optical digital camera assembly 1.2 is located at four vertex angles of the spherical grid array, the IR infrared spectrum 1.3 assembly is located at the inner sides of the first row and the last row adjacent to the CCD optical digital camera assembly 1.2, the acoustic emission nondestructive testing assembly 1.6 is located at the four vertex angles of the second row and the third row, the Raman spectrum assembly 1.5 is located at the inner sides of the second row and the third row adjacent to the acoustic emission nondestructive testing assembly 1.6, and 4 groups of terahertz light source assemblies 1.4 are distributed in a central column mode at the central axis of the spherical grid array. The high-speed camera unit 1.7, the digital speckle unit 1.1 and the bionic compound eye unit are reasonably arranged on two sides of the temperature control module 2 according to the respective imaging distances.

The damping buffer module 3 comprises a base 3.1, an auxiliary spring 3.2, a central spring 3.3, a damping rod 3.4, a primary platform 3.5 and a secondary platform 3.6, wherein the central spring 3.3 and the auxiliary spring 3.2 have different stiffness coefficients, the central spring 3.3 is arranged between the primary platform 3.5 and the base 3.1, and the auxiliary spring 3.2 is arranged between the secondary platform 3.6 and the base 3.1 to form a damping structure with variable damping. The primary platform 3.5 and the base 3.1 are connected through a limit bolt.

The test piece clamping module 4 comprises a cross sliding table unit 4.1 and an angle adjusting unit 4.2. The cross sliding table unit 4.1 comprises a horizontal module A and a vertical module B; the horizontal module A is fixed on the platform 3.5 of the damping buffer module 3 through fastening screws and a horizontal cushion block 4.1.1; the vertical module B is connected with the horizontal supporting plate 4.1.2 of the horizontal module A through a fastening screw 4.1.12 and a vertical cushion block 4.1.11; the angle adjusting unit 4.2 connects the bottom plate with the vertical supporting plate 4.1.10 through a set screw; the impact force sensor 4.3 is embedded on the sample object stage to realize fastening connection, and the change condition of the impact force received by the sample along with time in the high-speed impact process is measured.

The test piece clamping module 4 realizes accurate adjustment of the impact angle and the impact position of the test piece to be tested, and the horizontal 4.1.5 and the vertical ball screw 4.1.9 in the cross sliding table unit 4.1 are arranged in the stepping motor 4.1.3; 4.1.6 driven by a belt; 4.1.7 converts the rotary motion of the ball screw into the movement of the horizontal supporting plate 4.1.2 and the vertical supporting plate 4.1.10, so as to drive the movement of the angle adjusting unit 4.2 fixed on the horizontal supporting plate 4.1.2, and the precise adjustment of the impact position is realized by matching with the laser collimation assembly 5.2.1 assembled by the electromagnetic high-speed impact module 5; one end of a rotating shaft 4.2.3 at one side of the angle adjusting unit 4.2 is fixedly connected with the impact-resistant objective table 4.2.4, the other end of the rotating shaft is matched with a worm wheel 4.2.6 of a worm 4.2.5 transmission mechanism of a worm wheel 4.2.6 through a flat key, and the impact angle is accurately adjusted through the worm 4.2.5 transmission mechanism of the worm wheel 4.2.6.

The optical-infrared-acoustic emission monitoring module is used for carrying out in-situ monitoring on an impacted sample based on an optical microscopic imaging technology, a spectral analysis technology, an acoustic emission nondestructive testing technology and a digital image analysis technology, is used for synchronous-co-position real-time in-situ monitoring of a test micro-area impact response, surface morphology, temperature distribution and defect nucleation, and provides a construction method and instrument support for revealing the structural evolution and service performance degradation law of materials from macro to micro.

The utility model has the beneficial effects that: the temperature environment similar to the actual service working condition of the material is constructed through the temperature control module, the catapult is accelerated through electromagnetic high-speed impact test equipment, the laser collimation assembly and the cross sliding table unit are matched to accurately position the impact position of the sample to be tested, and the optical-infrared-acoustic emission detection module is used for carrying out real-time in-situ monitoring on the impact response, the surface morphology, the temperature distribution and the defect nucleation of the test micro-area; the test piece clamping module realizes the accurate adjustment of the impact angle. The utility model provides a method for constructing and supporting an instrument for revealing failure mechanisms of materials under different impact angles under force-thermal coupling and microstructure evolution behaviors of the failure mechanisms.

Drawings

The accompanying drawings, which are included to provide a further understanding of the utility model and are incorporated in and constitute a part of this application, illustrate and explain the utility model and together with the description serve to explain the utility model.

FIG. 1 is a schematic view of the overall appearance of the present utility model;

FIG. 2 is a front view of an "optical-infrared-acoustic emission" monitoring module of the present utility model;

FIG. 3 is an isometric view of a temperature control module of the present utility model;

FIG. 4 is an isometric view of a damping buffer module of the present utility model;

FIG. 5 is an isometric view of a specimen grip module of the present utility model;

FIG. 6 is an isometric view of a cross slide unit of the present utility model;

fig. 7 is an isometric view of an angle adjustment unit of the present utility model:

FIG. 8 is a schematic diagram of an electromagnetic high-speed impact test apparatus according to the present utility model;

in the figure: 1. an optical-infrared-acoustic emission monitoring module; 1.1, DIC digital speckle cell; 1.2, CCD optical digital camera assembly; 1.3, an IR infrared spectrum component; 1.4, terahertz light source assembly; 1.5, a raman spectrum assembly; 1.6, acoustic emission nondestructive testing components; 1.7, a high speed camera unit; 2. a temperature control module; 2.1, a display; 2.2, a box door; 2.3, a temperature sensor; 2.4, a temperature control box body; 2.5, quartz observation window; 2.6, wheels; 3. damping buffer module; 3.1, a base, 3.2 and an auxiliary spring; 3.3, a central spring; 3.4, a damping rod; 3.5, a first stage platform; 3.6, a secondary platform; 4. a test piece clamping module; 4.1, a cross sliding table unit; 4.1.1, horizontal cushion blocks; 4.1.2, horizontal pallet; 4.1.3, horizontal stepping motor; 4.1.4, horizontal guide rail; 4.1.5, horizontal ball screw; 4.1.6, horizontal belt drive; 4.1.7, vertical belt drive; 4.1.8, a vertical stepper motor; 4.1.9, vertical ball screw; 4.1.10, vertical pallet; 4.1.11, vertical cushion blocks; 4.1.12, fastening screws; 4.2, an angle adjusting unit; 4.2.1, a bottom plate; 4.2.2, baffle; 4.2.3, a rotating shaft; 4.2.4, an impact resistant object stage; 4.2.5, a worm; 4.2.6, worm gear; 4.3, an impact force sensor; 5. an electromagnetic high-speed impact module; 5.1, a circuit unit; 5.1.1, capacitance; 5.1.2, a boost module; 5.1.3, battery pack; 5.1.4, three-stage accelerating coils; 5.2, an ejection unit; 5.2.1, a laser collimation assembly; 5.2.2, a gun barrel; 5.2.3, a bracket; 5.2.4, a speed/acceleration sensor; 5.2.5 ejectors.

Detailed Description

The details of the present utility model and its specific embodiments are further described below with reference to the accompanying drawings.

Referring to fig. 1 to 8, there is shown: the utility model provides a temperature-changing working condition construction and material force-thermal coupling in-situ test system of electromagnetic high-speed impact test equipment, which has the overall size of 3200mm multiplied by 1500mm multiplied by 1000mm and comprises an electromagnetic high-speed impact module, a temperature control module, an optical-infrared-acoustic emission monitoring module, a test piece clamping module and a damping buffer module, wherein the electromagnetic high-speed impact module, the test piece clamping module and the damping buffer module are arranged in the temperature control module, a test piece to be tested is arranged on the test piece clamping module for adjusting an impact angle, the electromagnetic high-speed impact module is used for accelerating a projectile to a set speed, and the damping buffer module is used for realizing buffering and shock absorption in the impact test process and soft recovery of the test piece. The optical-infrared-acoustic emission monitoring module is reasonably arranged at the periphery of the temperature control module based on the imaging distance of each unit, wherein the acoustic emission nondestructive testing component, the IR infrared spectrum component, the Raman spectrum component and the terahertz light source component are integrated on a self-grinding instrument unit based on the imaging structural characteristics and the spectral characteristics of the bionic compound eye; the CCD optical digital camera unit and the DIC digital speckle unit are arranged on the other side of the temperature control module and are symmetrically arranged with the bionic compound eye unit.

In the embodiment, the temperature control module comprises a temperature sensor, a display, a temperature control box body, a quartz observation window and wheels, and the closed structure in the temperature control box body ensures that the temperature control box body has good heat preservation property; the display is arranged on the outer side surface of the box door, and the temperature rise rate in the temperature control box can be set while the real-time temperature of the temperature control box is displayed so as to simulate the real service condition of the material; the temperature sensor on the outer side surface of the box door is used for monitoring the real-time change of the temperature in the box body; the base of the damping buffer module is fixed with the inner side surface of the temperature control box body through screws; quartz observation windows arranged on two sides of the box body are used for imaging and focusing of all instruments in the optical-infrared-acoustic emission monitoring module; the cross sliding table unit of the test piece clamping module is fixed on the primary platform of the damping buffer module through screws; the electromagnetic high-speed impact module is fixed in the temperature control module box body through a bracket.

In the embodiment, the electromagnetic high-speed impact module comprises a circuit unit and an ejection unit, wherein the circuit unit mainly comprises components such as a boosting module, a capacitor, a photoelectric trigger, a three-level accelerating coil and the like; the multistage accelerating coils are sequentially fixed on the gun barrel according to the orders, a circuit is conducted after the transmitting button is pressed, the capacitor is rapidly discharged, so that the first-stage coil is electrified to generate an induction magnetic field, the induction magnetic field interacts with the induction magnetic field generated in the catapult to generate Lorentz force to drive the catapult to accelerate and advance, the photoelectric trigger is triggered in the advancing process of the catapult, the silicon controlled rectifier is controlled by the photoelectric trigger to electrify the next-stage coil, and the generated Lorentz force drives the catapult to continuously accelerate … … to continuously accelerate the catapult through the multistage coil, so that the construction of a high-speed transient impact working condition is realized; the muzzle outlet end is matched with a speed/acceleration sensor for measuring the outlet speed/acceleration of the projectile, and the damping and buffering module is used for buffering and buffering in the impact process and soft recovery of a test piece.

In the embodiment, a CCD optical digital camera component, an acoustic emission nondestructive detection component, an IR infrared spectrum component, a Raman spectrum component and a terahertz light source component of the optical-infrared-acoustic emission monitoring module are integrally installed in a five-row four-column spherical grid array arranged on a spherical installation cover through external threaded connection; the CCD optical digital camera assembly is located at four vertex angles of the spherical grid array, the IR infrared spectrum assembly is located at the inner sides of the first row and the last row adjacent to the CCD optical digital camera assembly, the acoustic emission nondestructive testing assembly is located at the four vertex angles of the second row and the third row, the Raman spectrum assembly is located at the inner sides of the second row and the third row adjacent to the acoustic emission nondestructive testing assembly, 4 groups of terahertz light source assemblies are distributed at the central axis of the spherical grid array in a central column mode, and the accurate adjustment of the transverse position, the longitudinal position and the deflection angle of the spherical mounting cover is realized by adjusting the output displacement of the 6 groups of telescopic cylinders in the six-degree-of-freedom motion unit and the 12 groups of piezoelectric micro-electronic units in the micro-adjustment unit, so that the imaging path or focus of the imaging assembly is regulated and controlled, and synchronous multispectral imaging of an impact micro-area is realized. The high-speed camera unit, the digital speckle unit and the bionic compound eye unit are reasonably arranged on two sides of the temperature control module according to respective imaging distances.

In this embodiment, damping buffer module includes center spring, auxiliary spring, one-level platform, second grade platform and base, center spring and auxiliary spring have different rigidity coefficient, and wherein, center spring sets up between one-level platform and base, and the edge spring sets up and constitutes the shock-absorbing structure who has variable damping between second grade platform and base, realizes under different impact velocity and the energy variable damping buffering, damping and noise reduction effect.

In this embodiment, the specimen holding module includes a cross slide unit and an angle adjusting unit. The cross sliding table unit comprises a horizontal module and a vertical module; the vertical module is fixed on the damping buffer module platform through a fastening screw and a cushion block; the horizontal module is connected with a vertical supporting plate of the vertical module through a fastening screw and a cushion block; the angle adjusting unit is used for connecting the bottom plate with the horizontal supporting plate through a set screw; the impact force sensor is embedded on the sample object stage to realize fastening connection, and the change condition of the impact force received by the sample along with time in the high-speed impact process is measured. The vertical ball screw in the cross sliding table unit is driven by a vertical stepping motor, and the rotary motion of the ball screw is converted into the vertical motion of the vertical supporting plate through belt transmission, so that the horizontal module on the vertical sliding table unit is driven to vertically move; under the drive of a horizontal stepping motor, a horizontal supporting plate positioned on a horizontal ball screw drives an angle adjusting unit fixed on the horizontal supporting plate to horizontally move through the same transmission mechanism, so that a sample to be measured can be accurately moved to a designated position; one end of a rotating shaft on one side of the angle adjusting device is fixedly connected with the impact-resistant object stage, the other end of the rotating shaft is matched with a worm wheel of a worm and gear transmission mechanism through a flat key, and the worm and gear transmission mechanism realizes accurate adjustment of the impact angle and simultaneously has a self-locking function to ensure the stability of the impact angle arranged in the impact process.

The force-thermal coupling variable angle electromagnetic high-speed impact in-situ test system can construct constant and variable temperature environments close to actual service conditions, can realize accurate adjustment of impact positions and impact angles of impact samples to be tested, and can carry out real-time in-situ monitoring on impact response, surface morphology, temperature distribution and defect nucleation of a test micro-area through an optical-infrared-acoustic emission monitoring system integrated by a high-speed camera unit, a DIC digital speckle unit, a CCD optical digital camera assembly, an acoustic emission nondestructive testing assembly, an IR infrared spectrum assembly, a Raman spectrum assembly and a terahertz light source assembly. The embodiment provides instrument support for revealing failure mechanisms and microstructure evolution behaviors of the materials under different impact angles under force-thermal coupling.

The above description is only a preferred example of the present utility model and is not intended to limit the present utility model, but various modifications and variations can be made to the present utility model by those skilled in the art. Any modification, equivalent replacement, improvement, etc. made within the spirit and principle of the present utility model should be included in the protection scope of the present utility model.

Claims (3)

1. A force-thermal coupling variable angle electromagnetic high-speed impact in-situ test system is characterized in that: the device comprises an optical-infrared-acoustic emission monitoring module (1), a temperature control module (2), a damping buffer module (3), a test piece clamping module (4) and an electromagnetic high-speed impact module (5), wherein the electromagnetic high-speed impact module (5), the test piece clamping module (4) and the damping buffer module (3) are arranged in the temperature control module (2), a test sample is arranged on the test piece clamping module (4) to adjust an impact angle and an impact position, the electromagnetic high-speed impact module (5) accelerates an ejector (5.8) to a set speed, and the damping buffer module (3) is used for realizing the safety protection and soft recovery of the test sample in the impact test process; the optical-infrared-acoustic emission monitoring module (1) is reasonably arranged at the periphery of the temperature control module (2) according to the working range of each component element, wherein a CCD optical digital camera component (1.2), an IR infrared spectrum component (1.3), a terahertz light source component (1.4), a Raman spectrum component (1.5) and an acoustic emission nondestructive detection component (1.6) are integrated on a self-grinding instrument unit based on the characteristics and spectral characteristics of a bionic compound eye imaging structure, and a high-speed camera unit (1.7) and a DIC digital speckle unit (1.1) are arranged at the other side of the temperature control module (2) and are symmetrically arranged with the bionic compound eye unit; the electromagnetic high-speed impact module (5) comprises a circuit unit (5.1) and an ejection unit (5.2), wherein the circuit unit (5.1) comprises a capacitor (5.1.1), a boosting module (5.1.2), a battery pack (5.1.3) and a multistage accelerating coil (5.1.4); the multistage accelerating coils (5.1.4) are sequentially fixed on the gun barrel (5.2.2) according to the grades, a circuit is conducted after the transmitting button is pressed, the capacitor (5.1.1) is rapidly discharged, so that the primary coil is electrified to generate a magnetic field, the ejector (5.2.5) is attracted to accelerate and advance, and when the ejector (5.2.5) passes through a photoelectric trigger between the primary coil and the secondary coil, the photoelectric trigger controls the secondary silicon controlled rectifier to electrify the secondary coil, and the ejector (5.2.5) is attracted to accelerate continuously; the continuous acceleration of the catapult (5.2.5) through the multistage acceleration coil (5.1.4) realizes the construction of a high-speed transient impact working condition; the ejection unit (5.2) is provided with a gun barrel (5.2.2), and the gun barrel (5.2.2) is connected with the bracket (5.2.3) through a fastening screw; a photoelectric trigger is arranged at a specific position between every two adjacent accelerating coils of the gun barrel (5.2.2), and is matched with a silicon controlled rectifier to realize the on-off of current in the accelerating coils at specific moment; the muzzle outlet end is matched with a speed/acceleration sensor (5.2.4) for measuring the outlet speed/acceleration of the projectile (5.2.5); the laser collimation assembly (5.2.1) assembled in the middle of the gun barrel is matched with the test piece clamping module (4) to realize accurate positioning of the impact position of the test piece to be tested; the temperature control module (2) comprises a display (2.1), a box door (2.2), a temperature sensor (2.3), a temperature control box (2.4), quartz observation windows (2.5) and wheels (2.6), wherein the display (2.1) is arranged on the outer side surface of the box door (2.2), the temperature sensor (2.3) is arranged on the inner side surface of the box door (2.2), a base (3.1) of the damping buffer module (3) is fixed with the inner side surface of the box (2.4) through screws, and the quartz observation windows (2.5) arranged on two sides of the box are used for imaging and focusing of various instruments in the optical-infrared-acoustic emission monitoring module (1); the cross sliding table unit (4.1) of the test piece clamping module (4) is fixed on the first stage platform (3.5) of the damping buffer module (3) through screws, and the electromagnetic high-speed impact module (5) is fixed in the box body (2.4) of the temperature control module (2) through the bracket (5.2.3); the optical-infrared-acoustic emission monitoring module (1) comprises a high-speed camera unit (1.7), a DIC digital speckle unit (1.1), a CCD optical digital camera assembly (1.2), an IR infrared spectrum assembly (1.3), a terahertz light source assembly (1.4), a Raman spectrum assembly (1.5) and an acoustic emission nondestructive detection assembly (1.6), and is characterized in that: the CCD optical digital camera component (1.2), the IR infrared spectrum component (1.3), the terahertz light source component (1.4), the Raman spectrum component (1.5) and the sound emission nondestructive testing component (1.6) are installed in a five-row four-column spherical grid array arranged on the spherical installation cover through threaded connection; the CCD optical digital camera assembly (1.2) is positioned at four vertex angles of the spherical grid array, the IR infrared spectrum assembly (1.3) is positioned at the inner sides of the first row and the last row adjacent to the CCD optical digital camera assembly (1.2), the acoustic emission nondestructive testing assembly (1.6) is positioned at the four vertex angles of the second row and the third row, the Raman spectrum assembly (1.5) is positioned at the inner sides of the second row and the third row adjacent to the acoustic emission nondestructive testing assembly (1.6), and 4 groups of terahertz light source assemblies (1.4) are centered to be distributed at the central axis of the spherical grid array in a column manner; the high-speed camera unit (1.7), the digital speckle unit (1.1) and the bionic compound eye unit are positioned at two sides of the temperature control module (2) and are reasonably arranged according to respective imaging distances; the damping buffer module (3) comprises a base (3.1), an auxiliary spring (3.2), a central spring (3.3), a damping rod (3.4), a first-stage platform (3.5) and a second-stage platform (3.6), wherein the central spring (3.3) and the auxiliary spring (3.2) have different rigidity coefficients, the central spring (3.3) is arranged between the first-stage platform (3.5) and the base (3.1), and four auxiliary springs (3.2) are arranged between the second-stage platform (3.6) and the base (3.1) to form a damping buffer structure with variable damping; the primary platform (3.5) is connected with the base (3.1) through a limit bolt; the test piece clamping module (4) comprises a cross sliding table unit (4.1) and an angle adjusting unit (4.2); the cross sliding table unit (4.1) comprises a horizontal module (A) and a vertical module (B); the vertical module (B) is fixed on a primary platform (3.5) of the damping buffer module (3) through fastening screws (4.1.12) and vertical cushion blocks (4.1.11); the horizontal module (A) is connected with a vertical supporting plate (4.1.10) of the vertical module (B) through a fastening screw and a horizontal cushion block (4.1.1); the angle adjusting unit (4.2) is used for connecting the bottom plate (4.2.1) with the horizontal supporting plate (4.1.2) through a set screw; the impact force sensor (4.3) is embedded on the impact-resistant object stage (4.2.4) to realize fastening connection, and the change condition of impact force received by the sample along with time in the high-speed impact process is measured.

2. The force-thermal coupling variable angle electromagnetic high-speed impact in-situ test system of claim 1, wherein: the test piece clamping module (4) realizes the accurate adjustment of the impact angle and the impact position of a test piece to be tested, the horizontal (4.1.5) and vertical ball screw (4.1.9) in the cross sliding table unit (4.1) are driven by a stepping motor (4.1.3; 4.1.8), the rotary motion of the ball screw is converted into the movement of a horizontal supporting plate (4.1.2) and a vertical supporting plate (4.1.10) through belt transmission (4.1.6; 4.1.7), and then the movement of an angle adjusting unit (4.2) fixed on the horizontal supporting plate (4.1.2) is driven to realize the accurate adjustment of the impact position in cooperation with a laser collimation assembly (5.2.1) assembled by the electromagnetic high-speed impact module (5); one end of a rotating shaft (4.2.3) at one side of the angle adjusting unit (4.2) is fixedly connected with the impact-resistant objective table (4.2.4), the other end of the rotating shaft is matched with a worm wheel (4.2.6) of a worm (4.2.5) transmission mechanism of a worm wheel (4.2.6) through a flat key, and the impact angle is accurately adjusted through the worm (4.2.5) transmission mechanism of the worm wheel (4.2.6).

3. The force-thermal coupling variable angle electromagnetic high-speed impact in-situ test system of claim 1, wherein: the optical-infrared-acoustic emission monitoring module is used for carrying out in-situ monitoring on an impacted sample based on an optical microscopic imaging technology, a spectral analysis technology, an acoustic emission nondestructive testing technology and a digital image analysis technology, is used for synchronous-co-position real-time in-situ monitoring of a test micro-area impact response, surface morphology, temperature distribution and defect nucleation, and provides a construction method and instrument support for revealing the structural evolution and service performance degradation law of materials from macro to micro.

Images