CN219062299U - Damping structure of shock absorber - Google Patents

Abstract

The utility model discloses a damping structure of a shock absorber, belongs to the technical field of vehicle shock absorbers, and solves the problem that an oil hole is easy to be blocked in the damping structure of the existing shock absorber to cause loss of damping effect, and adopts the following technical scheme: the damping structure of the shock absorber comprises a piston and a valve plate, wherein a plurality of liquid-permeable holes are formed in the piston along the axial direction of the piston, a liquid-permeable structure is arranged on the valve plate, the valve plate and the piston are coaxially arranged, one end face of the piston is an abutting face for abutting against the valve plate, and the damping structure is characterized in that the liquid-permeable structure is a notch arranged at the outer edge of the valve plate, and the notch is communicated with the liquid-permeable holes.

Description

Damping structure of shock absorber

Technical Field

The present utility model relates to a shock absorber applied to a vehicle, and more particularly, to a damping structure for providing a damping force in a shock absorber.

Background

Due to the convenience of the electric vehicle, the electric vehicle is widely applied in real life. In order to enable the electric vehicle to be suitable for complex road conditions, the comfort of the electric vehicle in the driving process is guaranteed, and a shock absorber is required to be arranged on the electric vehicle, so that the shaking generated by the electric vehicle can be effectively slowed down when the electric vehicle moves on a bumpy road surface, and good driving experience is provided for drivers and passengers. The structure of shock absorber mainly includes two rings, and rings are connected at piston damping structure's both ends, and damping spring cup joints in damping structure's periphery, and damping spring's both ends are used in two rings respectively. When the shock absorber is applied to a vehicle and the vehicle vibrates in the driving process, the damping structure moves relatively, the piston in the shock absorber moves up and down, and oil in the cavity of the shock absorber flows into the other cavity from one cavity through the corresponding hole repeatedly. At this time, the friction between the hole wall and the oil and the internal friction between the oil molecules form damping force to vibration, so that the vibration energy of the vehicle is converted into oil heat energy, and then absorbed by the shock absorber and emitted into the atmosphere. When the cross section of the oil liquid channel and other factors are unchanged, the damping force increases and decreases along with the relative movement speed of the damping structure.

The damping structure in the existing shock absorber comprises a piston and a valve plate which are connected to a piston rod, and the piston and the valve plate are inserted into an oil cylinder. Four liquid through holes are formed in the piston, and the cross section of each liquid through hole is rectangular. An oil hole is eccentrically arranged on the valve plate and is used as a liquid-permeable structure, and an oil duct is formed between the oil hole and the four liquid-permeable holes when the damping structure moves. The cross section of the oil hole is relatively small, and the flow rate of the oil hole cannot be well adapted to the requirement of the piston in the axial movement process, so that damping force can be generated. However, in the actual working process, the position of the valve plate on the piston rod is not fixed, so that the relative position between the oil hole and the liquid through hole is not fixed, and if the oil hole is opposite to a certain liquid through hole, the oil hole is positioned in the liquid flow direction of the liquid through hole, so that the smoothness of oil passing through the oil hole is relatively good; if the oil hole is located at the interval between two adjacent liquid holes, the resistance of the oil passing through the oil hole is relatively large. The difference of damping effect can be brought to the relative position difference between oilhole and the liquid hole, and the threshold value of the damping force that produces through this kind of damping structure is between 350-550N through actual measurement, and the range is great relatively, can bring uncomfortable driving experience in the use. Moreover, after a period of time of operation, dirt in the oil is limited by the oil hole structure and is blocked at the position of the oil hole, so that the oil passing effect of the oil hole is also affected.

Disclosure of Invention

The utility model aims to solve the technical problems that: the damping structure of the shock absorber is not easy to block due to the liquid-permeable structure on the valve plate in the use process, and the shock absorber can provide relatively stable damping force to ensure the comfort in the vehicle driving process.

In order to solve the technical problems, the technical scheme of the utility model is as follows: the damping structure of the shock absorber comprises a piston and a valve plate, wherein a plurality of liquid-permeable holes are formed in the piston along the axial direction of the piston, a liquid-permeable structure is arranged on the valve plate, the valve plate and the piston are coaxially arranged, one end face of the piston is an abutting face for abutting against the valve plate, and the damping structure is characterized in that the liquid-permeable structure is a notch arranged at the outer edge of the valve plate, and the notch is communicated with the liquid-permeable holes.

When the damping structure integrally moves towards one side of the piston, the valve plate is separated from the abutting surface on the piston due to pushing of oil, the oil can rapidly pass through the liquid permeable hole, and the damping spring is in a compressed axial shortened state; when the damping structure integrally moves towards one side of the valve plate, the valve plate is pressed against the contact surface of the piston by the oil, and the oil enters the liquid permeable hole through the small-flow gap, so that damping force is generated to resist rebound of the damping spring, and the rebound of the damping spring is relatively slow.

Further, the bottom of the notch is C-shaped, and two sides of the notch are tangent to the bottom. This makes the interior of the indentation itself relatively smooth, thereby also preventing the accumulation of some dirt.

Further, the number of the notches is at least two, and the notches are uniformly distributed at the periphery of the valve plate. Through the arrangement of a plurality of gaps, the gaps are uniformly distributed at the periphery of the valve plate, so that the stress stability of the valve plate can be effectively ensured, and the working stability of the valve plate is good.

Further, an annular groove is arranged on the abutting surface, the liquid-permeable hole is positioned at the bottom surface of the annular groove, the valve plate is used for covering the annular groove in a liquid-tight manner, and the notch is communicated with the annular groove. The annular groove is arranged, so that the gap is communicated with the liquid-permeable hole conveniently through the annular groove, the influence of the relative position between the gap and the liquid-permeable hole on the resistance of oil passing through the gap is small, the variation range of the damping force generated by the damping structure is small, and the working comfort of the shock absorber can be improved.

Further, the axial spring plate is characterized by further comprising a limiting pad axially fixedly arranged, a spring piece is arranged between the limiting pad and the valve plate, and two ends of the spring piece in the axial direction face the valve plate and the limiting pad respectively. Through being equipped with the spring leaf for the valve block is relatively better at axial motion in-process motion stability and gentle, is convenient for export comparatively stable damping force.

Further, the shaft section of the limiting pad is in a convex shape, the spring piece is in a horn shape, the small end of the spring piece faces the limiting pad, and the large end of the spring piece faces the valve plate. The valve plate and the position blocking pad are good in assembly stability, and assembly is convenient to achieve.

Further, the number of the liquid-permeable holes is six, and the liquid-permeable holes are uniformly distributed in the circumferential direction of the piston. Through setting up these round holes, can effectively disperse the flow of fluid, combine the breach that sets up at the periphery department of valve block for stability when fluid flow through the breach is good.

Compared with the prior art, the utility model has the beneficial effects that: through setting up the breach on the valve block, because the breach is in open structure in the periphery department of valve block, even there is some dirt to exist in the fluid, under the impact of forward and reverse of fluid, the breach can not give the better constraint of dirt, the dirt also is difficult for gathering in the breach and reduces the fluid flow of bringing great influence for the breach, damping structure provides relatively stable damping force. In addition, through setting up the form of a plurality of breach and come as the liquid structure that permeates, the setting of combining the ring channel also makes when the valve block laminating is on the face of leaning on the piston, and the dispersibility when oil permeating the breach is good, is difficult for producing great noise. Through the structural arrangement of the valve plate and the piston, through actual detection, the damping force generated by the damping structure is between 350 and 450N, and the damping force is reflected on the shock absorber, so that the shock absorber can bring comfort influence to the driving of a vehicle.

Drawings

Fig. 1 is a longitudinal sectional view of the present damping structure assembled on a piston rod.

Fig. 2 is a schematic diagram of the assembly position between the valve plate and the piston, and the dash-dot line in the diagram indicates the position correspondence between the corresponding structures on the valve plate and the piston.

Fig. 3 is a structural view of the valve sheet.

Fig. 4 is a block diagram of the abutment surface on the piston.

In the figure, 1, a piston rod; 2. an oil seal; 3. a guide; 4. an auxiliary spring; 5. a limit pad; 6. a reed; 7. a valve plate; 71. a notch; 8. a piston; 81. an annular groove; 82. a liquid-permeable hole; 9. and (3) a nut.

Detailed Description

Referring to fig. 1, the damping structure needs to be assembled on a piston rod 1, and the assembling end of the piston rod 1 is subjected to diameter reduction processing. In the state of fig. 1, the piston rod 1 is sequentially sleeved with the framework oil seal 2, the cylindrical guide 3, the auxiliary spring 4, the limiting pad 5, the spring piece 6, the valve plate 7, the piston 8 and the nut 9 from left to right, wherein the limiting pad 5, the spring piece 6, the valve plate 7 and the piston 8 are locked on the assembly end of the piston rod 1 by the nut 9, and two ends of the auxiliary spring 4 are respectively pressed on the guide 3 and the limiting pad 5. The components of fig. 1 also need to be slidably inserted into the cylinder to form a complete damper. Two ends of the damper are respectively provided with a hanging ring, and two ends of the damping spring are respectively propped against the hanging rings, so that the damper is formed.

The damping structure comprises a piston 8 and a valve plate 7, wherein the valve plate 7 is in a circular ring shape, the piston 8 is in a cylindrical shape, and the valve plate 7 and the piston 8 are coaxially arranged. A plurality of liquid-permeable holes 82 are formed in the piston 8 along the axial direction of the piston, a liquid-permeable structure is arranged on the valve plate 7, and in combination with fig. 1, one end face of the piston 8 is an abutting face for abutting against the valve plate 7, and a concave cavity is formed in the other end of the piston 8 and is used for accommodating the nut 9.

In fig. 3, the liquid-permeable structure is a notch 71 provided at the outer edge of the valve plate 7, and the notch 71 is communicated with the liquid-permeable hole 82. The bottom of the notch 71 is C-shaped, and both sides of the notch 71 are tangential to the bottom. The figure shows two notches 71, which notches 71 are arranged in the diameter direction of the valve plate 7. In practice, if necessary, more than two notches 71 may be provided when the elasticity of the damper spring is small, and these notches 71 are uniformly distributed in the circumferential direction of the valve plate 7.

Referring to fig. 2, 3 and 4, an annular groove 81 is provided on the contact surface, a liquid-permeable hole 82 is provided at the bottom surface of the annular groove 81, and the valve sheet 7 is used for covering the annular groove 81 in a liquid-tight manner. When the valve plate 7 is fully abutted against the abutment surface of the piston 8, the notch 71 partially overlaps the annular groove 81, so that the notch 71 communicates with the annular groove 81.

Referring to fig. 4, the number of the liquid-permeable holes 82 is six, and the liquid-permeable holes 82 are uniformly distributed on the bottom surface of the annular groove 81 in the circumferential direction of the piston 8.

The axial cross section of the limit pad 5 is in a shape of a Chinese character 'tu', the spring piece 6 is in a horn shape, a big head end and a small head end are formed in the axial direction of the spring piece 6, the small head end of the spring piece 6 faces the limit pad 5, and the big head end of the spring piece 6 faces the valve plate 7.

When jolting occurs in the running process of the vehicle based on the state of the structure shown in fig. 1, the elastic force of the damping spring can resist the force applied by the vehicle when the damping spring is pressed, so that the purpose of damping is achieved. The piston rod 1 drives the piston 8 to move to the right, and the liquid oil flows leftwards in the piston 8 through the liquid-permeable hole 82 to push away the valve plate 7, so that the liquid oil can flow relatively smoothly to respond to the compression of the damping spring. When the pressure applied by the damping spring is relieved, the damping spring rebounds, the piston rod 1 moves towards the left, the oil can push the valve plate 7 to be clung to the leaning surface of the piston 8, the oil enters the annular groove 81 through the notch 71, and the damping force can be generated when the oil flows due to the small allowable flow rate of the notch 71, so that the rapid rebound of the damping spring can be prevented, and the driving comfort is improved.

Claims (8)

1. The damping structure of the shock absorber comprises a piston and a valve plate, wherein a plurality of liquid-permeable holes are formed in the piston along the axial direction of the piston, a liquid-permeable structure is arranged on the valve plate, the valve plate and the piston are coaxially arranged, one end face of the piston is an abutting face for abutting against the valve plate, and the damping structure is characterized in that the liquid-permeable structure is a notch arranged at the outer edge of the valve plate, and the notch is communicated with the liquid-permeable holes.

2. The shock absorber damping structure as set forth in claim 1 wherein the bottom of the notch is C-shaped with both sides of the notch being tangent to the bottom.

3. The shock absorber damping structure as claimed in claim 1, wherein there are at least two notches, and the notches are uniformly distributed at the periphery of the valve plate.

4. A shock absorber damping structure according to claim 1, 2 or 3, wherein an annular groove is provided in said abutment surface, a liquid-permeable hole is provided in the bottom surface of the annular groove, a valve sheet is provided for covering the annular groove in a liquid-tight manner, and said gap communicates with the annular groove.

5. The shock absorber damping structure as set forth in claim 4 further comprising a spacing pad axially fixedly disposed, a spring plate disposed between the spacing pad and the valve plate, the spring plate having axially opposite ends facing the valve plate and the spacing pad, respectively.

6. The shock absorber damping structure according to claim 5, wherein the limiting pad has a convex axial cross section, the spring piece has a horn shape, the small end of the spring piece faces the limiting pad, and the large end of the spring piece faces the valve plate.

7. A shock absorber damping structure according to claim 1, 2 or 3, wherein the liquid-permeable aperture is a circular aperture.

8. The shock absorber damping structure as set forth in claim 7 wherein there are six liquid-permeable holes which are uniformly distributed in the circumferential direction of the piston.

Images