CN219058889U - Efficient molten salt heating cracking furnace for thermal cracking of waste tires - Google Patents
Efficient molten salt heating cracking furnace for thermal cracking of waste tires Download PDFInfo
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- CN219058889U CN219058889U CN202223348647.2U CN202223348647U CN219058889U CN 219058889 U CN219058889 U CN 219058889U CN 202223348647 U CN202223348647 U CN 202223348647U CN 219058889 U CN219058889 U CN 219058889U
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Abstract
The utility model discloses a high-efficiency molten salt heating pyrolysis furnace for thermal cracking of waste tires, which comprises a pre-cracking section, a main cracking section and a final cracking section which are sequentially arranged in the vertical direction, wherein a cracking gas outlet is formed in one side of the top of the pre-cracking section, a feeding port is formed in the other side of the top of the pre-cracking section, the top of the feeding port is communicated with the bottom of a furnace feeding mechanism, a discharging port is formed in the final cracking section, molten salt jackets are arranged on the outer walls of the pre-cracking section, the main cracking section and the final cracking section, the molten salt jackets are in spiral, tubular and annular structures or a combination form, propelling spirals which are transversely arranged are arranged in the pre-cracking section, the main cracking section and the final cracking section, the molten salt jackets are connected with molten salt conveying pipelines, and valves are arranged on the molten salt conveying pipelines. The utility model designs a high-efficiency molten salt heating pyrolysis furnace for thermal cracking of waste tires, which solves the problems of low thermal efficiency, slow heating rate, non-uniformity, large space occupation and the like of the conventional tire thermal cracking furnace.
Description
Technical Field
The utility model relates to the technical field of junked tire treatment, in particular to a high-efficiency molten salt heating cracking furnace for thermal cracking of junked tires.
Background
The tyre cracking is to put the waste tyre into a high-temperature normal-pressure cracking kettle, directly heat or crack the waste tyre after adding a catalyst, thereby producing tyre oil, carbon black, steel wires and noncondensable gas, wherein the tyre oil is mainly used as fuel or refined by a refinery to obtain gasoline and diesel oil, and most of the tyre oil in the market at present is directly used as fuel. The waste tires can be approximately cracked into about 35-45% of pyrolysis oil, about 25-35% of carbon black, about 10-15% of steel wires and about 5-10% of noncondensable gas.
Patent CN104059684a discloses a waste tyre cracking furnace, which comprises a cracking furnace body, wherein a heating chamber, a cracking system and a heating system are arranged in the cracking furnace body to heat the heating chamber. The vertical setting of pyrolysis chamber is in the heating chamber of pyrolysis furnace body, upper and lower both ends stretch out the pyrolysis furnace body. The feeding conduit is vertically arranged at the top end of the cracking chamber; a screw feeder in communication with the feed conduit; the star-shaped discharge valve is vertically arranged at the bottom end of the cracking chamber. In addition, the tire cracking furnace adopts a structural form of a rotary kiln at present, external heat sources such as hot air are adopted to indirectly heat cracking objects in the rotary kiln to promote the cracking reaction, external heat sources such as hot air are adopted to indirectly heat the cracking objects in the rotary kiln to promote the cracking reaction, and the rotary kiln adopts closed operation.
The waste tire cracking furnace system adopts gaseous heat sources such as hot air, hot flue gas and the like to heat raw materials, and the gaseous heat sources have small specific heat capacity, and thermal cracking of tires is an endothermic reaction, so that the temperature difference of the front section and the rear section of the cracking furnace in the external heating cracking process is inevitably caused by the low specific heat gaseous heat sources. The uncontrollability of this temperature difference affects the controllability of the cracking reaction process, resulting in a decrease in the quality of the cracked product, while the temperature difference at the front and rear ends of the cracking can be somewhat reduced by increasing the gas flow rate, at the cost of a decrease in thermal efficiency and an increase in mechanical load. In addition, the heat exchange coefficient of the gas as a heat source is low, so that the equipment needs to enlarge the heat exchange area to compensate, the whole volume of the system is large, and the heat dissipation is increased to reduce the heat efficiency of the system.
From the technical point of view, the tire cracking process needs to pass through a pre-cracking stage, a main cracking stage, a final cracking stage and other process stages, and the conditions such as temperature, time and the like required by each stage are different, so that the conventional rotary kiln and other cracking furnaces do not perform sectional control on each heating stage, or have limited regulation and control capability on each heating stage, so that the cracking process efficiency and the product quality are reduced.
Disclosure of Invention
The utility model provides a high-efficiency molten salt heating pyrolysis furnace for thermal cracking of waste tires, and aims to solve the problems of low thermal efficiency, low heating rate, non-uniformity, large space occupation and the like of the conventional tire thermal cracking furnace.
In order to achieve the above purpose, the specific technical scheme of the efficient molten salt heating cracking furnace for thermal cracking of junked tires is as follows:
the high-efficiency molten salt heating cracking furnace for thermal cracking of waste tires comprises a cracking section combination, wherein the cracking section combination comprises a pre-cracking section, a main cracking section and a final cracking section which are sequentially arranged in the vertical direction;
a cracking gas outlet is formed in one side of the top of the pre-cracking section, a feeding port is formed in the other side of the top of the pre-cracking section, the top of the feeding port is communicated with the bottom of a feeding mechanism, waste tires form tire particles after being subjected to pretreatment processes such as crushing, iron wire removal and the like, the waste tires are fed into the pre-cracking section through the feeding mechanism, the feeding mechanism can be selected from a spiral, a push rod or a combination form thereof, the feeding mechanism is of a sealing structure, the tire particles are pushed by a pushing spiral in the combination of the cracking sections, and the tire particles among the cracking units adopt free falling, star-shaped discharging or a combination form thereof;
the outer walls of the pre-cracking section, the main cracking section and the final cracking section are provided with molten salt jackets;
the cracking furnace is composed of a pre-cracking section, a main cracking section and a final cracking section, wherein the pre-cracking section and the final cracking section respectively comprise 1 cracking unit, the main cracking section comprises 1-3 cracking units, each cracking unit is transversely arranged, the cracking units are vertically arranged, and the pre-cracking section, the main cracking section and the final cracking section are sequentially arranged from top to bottom in the vertical direction.
Further, the outer wall of the cracking section is provided with a fused salt jacket, the fused salt utilizes sensible heat of the fused salt to thermally crack tire particles in the cracking furnace, and the fused salt jacket is in a spiral, tubular or annular structure or a combination form of the spiral, tubular or annular structure.
Further, the pre-cracking section comprises a transverse cracking unit, the main cracking section comprises 1-3 transverse cracking units, and the final cracking section comprises a transverse cracking unit.
Further, one end of the pre-cracking section is communicated with one end of the main cracking section through a pipeline, and one end of the main cracking section is communicated with one end of the final cracking section through a pipeline.
Further, the pre-cracking section, the main cracking section and the final cracking section are all provided with transversely arranged propelling screws for propelling the tire particles.
Further, the molten salt jacket is connected with a molten salt conveying pipeline, and a valve is arranged on the molten salt conveying pipeline;
specifically, the jacket is divided into a plurality of independent molten salt conveying pipelines, each cracking unit is preferably 3-10 independent molten salt conveying pipelines, the on-off state of the molten salt conveying pipelines and the flow rate of the molten salt are controlled through valves to control the molten salt heating filling coefficient B, and the molten salt coefficient is as follows:
wherein S is 0 S is the total heat exchange area of the molten salt heating cavity outside the crack stage unit t For the actual flowing through filling area of molten salt, the filling coefficient B is preferably 0.3-1, and the real-time on-line control of the equivalent cracking heat input of the cracking unit is realized through the condition of the filling coefficient;
the whole flow direction of the molten salt is countercurrent to the direction of the tire colloidal particles from bottom to top, the flow direction of the molten salt in each cracking unit is in the same direction as the advancing direction of the tire conveying screw, and the advancing screw controls the advancing speed of a cracking object through frequency conversion;
the grain diameter of the tire particles entering the furnace is preferably 0.5-20mm, the basic temperature of molten salt is preferably 450-550 ℃, the reaction temperature of the pre-cracking unit is 200-400 ℃, and the main cracking reaction unit is 350-550 ℃; the reaction temperature of the terminal cracking unit is 200-500 ℃; in each cracking unit in the cracking process, the filling coefficient of the material is 0.2-0.5.
Compared with the prior art, the utility model has the beneficial effects that:
1. the fused salt is used as a heating medium, and the fused salt is higher than the gas-phase medium by a plurality of orders of magnitude, so that the stability of the temperature of the fused salt is maintained in the process of providing pyrolysis heat, and the inherent temperature difference of the front section and the rear section of the cracking furnace caused by the fact that the specific heat of the gas-phase heating medium is small is solved;
2. the stability of the whole cracking process is improved, the uniformity of the cracking reaction process is greatly improved, and the controllability of the components and properties of the cracking product is also greatly improved; in addition, the heat exchange coefficient of molten salt heat exchange is far greater than that of gas phase heat exchange, so that the heat exchange area can be reduced to a certain extent, the volume of the whole reaction equipment is further reduced, the occupied area is saved, the heat dissipation is reduced, and the improvement of the heat efficiency is facilitated;
3. the cracking furnace is divided into three reaction sections of pre-cracking, main cracking and final cracking, each unit is independently controlled, the reaction temperature of each reaction unit is controlled through the adjustment of a molten salt heating filling coefficient B, the heating uniformity of a single reaction unit is ensured, the flexible adjustment can be carried out according to the temperature requirements of different reaction stages, and the process controllability is enhanced;
4. through the setting of frequency conversion screw conveying, adjust the dwell time of material in the schizolysis unit, combine the dynamic change of packing factor, can carry out nimble regulation to the dwell time demand of different reaction stages, further strengthen the controllability of technology.
Drawings
In order to more clearly illustrate the embodiments of the utility model or the technical solutions in the prior art, the drawings that are required in the embodiments or the description of the prior art will be briefly described, it being obvious that the drawings in the following description are only some embodiments of the utility model, and that other drawings may be obtained according to these drawings without inventive effort for a person skilled in the art.
FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of the structure of the present utility model;
FIG. 2 is a process flow diagram of the present utility model;
the figure indicates: 1. a feed inlet; 2. a pyrolysis gas outlet; 3. a cracking section combination; 4. a pre-cracking section; 5. a main pyrolysis section; 6. a final cleavage stage; 7. a molten salt jacket; 8. a discharge port; 9. a furnace feeding mechanism; 10. advancing the screw; 11. a molten salt conveying pipeline.
Detailed Description
In order to better understand the purpose, structure and function of the present utility model, the following describes in further detail a high-efficiency molten salt heating pyrolysis furnace for thermal cracking of junked tires in combination with the accompanying drawings and specific preferred embodiments.
In the description of the present utility model, it should be understood that the terms "left", "right", "upper", "lower", etc. indicate orientations or positional relationships based on the orientations or positional relationships shown in the drawings, are merely for convenience in describing the present utility model and simplifying the description, and do not indicate or imply that the apparatus or element being referred to must have a specific orientation, be configured and operated in a specific orientation, and "first", "second", etc. do not indicate the importance of the components, and thus are not to be construed as limiting the present utility model. The specific dimensions adopted in the present embodiment are only for illustrating the technical solution, and do not limit the protection scope of the present utility model.
Example 1:
referring to fig. 1-2, the present utility model provides a technical solution: the efficient molten salt heating cracking furnace for thermal cracking of waste tires comprises a cracking section combination 3, wherein the cracking section combination 3 comprises a pre-cracking section 4, a main cracking section 5 and a final cracking section 6 which are sequentially arranged in the vertical direction; the thermal cracking technology of waste tires is a technology which utilizes the instability of organic matters in the tires, sends the tires into a pyrolysis furnace for high-temperature heating, and can crack high-molecular compounds into low-molecular compounds when the tires are heated to a certain temperature, so that emission of cracking treatment pollutants is controllable, and the technology is one of the most thorough methods for treating waste rubber for vehicles by cracking the waste tire rubber, and can also recycle fuel oil and carbon black; the technology of cracking the high molecular compound into the low molecular compound when the tyre is heated to a certain temperature, wherein the low molecular compound is the cracking oil (including light oil, heavy oil and the like), the combustible gas, carbon black, steel wires and the like, so the tyre cracking technology is beneficial to environmental protection and resource utilization, has higher economic value and is considered as one of the best ways of treating the waste tyre at present;
the top of the pre-cracking section 4 is provided with a cracking gas outlet 2 on one side, the other side of the top of the pre-cracking section 4 is provided with a feed inlet 1, the top of the feed inlet 1 is communicated with the bottom of a feeding mechanism 9, as shown in fig. 2, waste tires are subjected to pretreatment processes such as crushing, iron wire removal and the like to form tire particles, the tire particles are fed into the pre-cracking section 4 through the feeding mechanism 9, the feeding mechanism 9 can be in a spiral, push rod or a combination form, the feeding mechanism 9 is in a sealing structure, the tire particles are pushed by a pushing spiral 10 in the cracking section combination 3, and the tire particles among the cracking units adopt free falling, star-shaped discharging or a combination form;
the final cracking section 6 is provided with a discharge hole 8, and molten salt jackets 7 are arranged on the outer walls of the pre-cracking section 4, the main cracking section 5 and the final cracking section 6;
as shown in fig. 1, the cracking furnace is composed of three sections of a pre-cracking section 4, a main cracking section 5 and a final cracking section 6, wherein the pre-cracking section 4 and the final cracking section 6 respectively comprise 1 cracking unit, the main cracking section 5 comprises 1-3 cracking units, each cracking unit is transversely arranged, the cracking units are vertically arranged, and the pre-cracking section 4-main cracking section 5-final cracking section 6 is sequentially arranged from top to bottom in the vertical direction.
Further, the outer wall of the cracking section is provided with a fused salt jacket 7, the fused salt utilizes sensible heat of the fused salt to thermally crack tire particles in the cracking furnace, and the fused salt jacket 7 is in a spiral, tubular or annular structure or a combination form of the spiral, tubular or annular structure.
Further, the pre-cracking section 4 comprises one transversely arranged cracking unit, the main cracking section 5 comprises 1-3 transversely arranged cracking units, and the final cracking section 6 comprises one transversely arranged cracking unit.
Further, one end of the pre-cracking section 4 is communicated with one end of the main cracking section 5 through a pipeline, and one end of the main cracking section 5 is communicated with one end of the final cracking section 6 through a pipeline.
Further, the pre-pyrolysis section 4, the main pyrolysis section 5 and the final pyrolysis section 6 are each provided with a transversely arranged pushing screw 10 for pushing the tyre particles.
Further, the molten salt jacket 7 is connected with a molten salt conveying pipeline 11, and a valve is arranged on the molten salt conveying pipeline 11;
specifically, the jacket is divided into a plurality of independent molten salt conveying pipelines, each cracking unit is preferably 3-10 independent molten salt conveying pipelines 11, the on-off state of the molten salt conveying pipelines and the flow rate of the molten salt are controlled through valves to control the molten salt heating filling coefficient B, and the molten salt coefficient is as follows:
wherein S is 0 S is the total heat exchange area of the molten salt heating cavity outside the crack stage unit t For the actual flowing through filling area of molten salt, the filling coefficient B is preferably 0.3-1, and the real-time on-line control of the equivalent cracking heat input of the cracking unit is realized through the condition of the filling coefficient;
the whole flow direction of the molten salt is countercurrent to the direction of the tire colloidal particles from bottom to top, the flow direction of the molten salt in each cracking unit is in the same direction as the advancing direction of the tire conveying screw, and the advancing screw 10 controls the advancing speed of a cracking object through frequency conversion;
the grain diameter of the tire particles entering the furnace is preferably 0.5-20mm, the basic temperature of molten salt is preferably 450-550 ℃, the reaction temperature of the pre-cracking unit is 200-400 ℃, and the main cracking reaction unit is 350-550 ℃; the reaction temperature of the terminal cracking unit is 200-500 ℃; in each cracking unit in the cracking process, the filling coefficient of the material is 0.2-0.5.
It will be understood that the utility model has been described in terms of several embodiments, and that various changes and equivalents may be made to these features and embodiments by those skilled in the art without departing from the spirit and scope of the utility model. In addition, many modifications may be made to adapt a particular situation or material to the teachings of the utility model without departing from the essential scope thereof. Therefore, it is intended that the utility model not be limited to the particular embodiment disclosed, but that the utility model will include all embodiments falling within the scope of the appended claims.
Claims (6)
1. A high-efficient fused salt heating pyrolysis furnace for junked tire thermal cracking, its characterized in that: including installing in order on the vertical direction crack section (4), main crack section (5) and final crack section (6) in advance, crack section (4) top one side is provided with crack gas export (2), crack section (4) top opposite side is provided with pan feeding mouth (1), the top of pan feeding mouth (1) communicates with the bottom of income stove mechanism (9), discharge gate (8) have been seted up to final crack section (6), crack section (4) in advance, main crack section (5) and the outer wall of final crack section (6) are provided with fused salt jacket (7).
2. The efficient molten salt heating pyrolysis furnace for thermal cracking of junked tires according to claim 1, wherein the molten salt jacket (7) is arranged in a spiral type or a tube type or an annular structure.
3. The high-efficiency molten salt heating pyrolysis furnace for thermal cracking of junked tires according to claim 1, wherein the pre-cracking section (4) comprises one transversely arranged pyrolysis unit, the main cracking section (5) comprises 1-3 transversely arranged pyrolysis units, and the final cracking section (6) comprises one transversely arranged pyrolysis unit.
4. The efficient molten salt heating pyrolysis furnace for thermal cracking of junked tires according to claim 1, wherein one end of the pre-cracking section (4) is communicated with one end of the main cracking section (5) through a pipeline, and one end of the main cracking section (5) is communicated with one end of the final cracking section (6) through a pipeline.
5. The efficient molten salt heating pyrolysis furnace for thermal cracking of junked tires according to claim 1, wherein the pre-cracking section (4), the main cracking section (5) and the final cracking section (6) are each provided with a transversely arranged propelling screw (10) for propelling the tire particles.
6. The efficient molten salt heating pyrolysis furnace for thermal cracking of junked tires according to claim 1, wherein the molten salt jacket (7) is connected with a molten salt conveying pipeline (11), and a valve is arranged on the molten salt conveying pipeline (11).
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
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| CN202223348647.2U CN219058889U (en) | 2022-12-13 | 2022-12-13 | Efficient molten salt heating cracking furnace for thermal cracking of waste tires |
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| CN202223348647.2U CN219058889U (en) | 2022-12-13 | 2022-12-13 | Efficient molten salt heating cracking furnace for thermal cracking of waste tires |
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