Photovoltaic anti-reflux system
Technical Field
The application relates to the field of photovoltaic power generation, in particular to a photovoltaic anti-countercurrent system.
Background
The photovoltaic power generation is a power generation mode for converting solar energy into electric energy through a photovoltaic panel, and due to the pollution-free characteristic of the power generation mode, the proportion of the generated energy of the photovoltaic power generation to the whole generated energy is higher and higher in recent years, and the photovoltaic power generation also gradually enters the field of view of the public.
With the popularization of photovoltaic power generation modules, new problems are brought about. In a power system, power is generally transmitted from a power grid to each load, but after a photovoltaic power generation assembly is installed, if the load cannot completely consume electric energy generated by photovoltaic power generation, the surplus electric energy generated by photovoltaic power generation flows back to the power grid through the load. Because the electric energy generated by the photovoltaic power generation is a direct current component and the output power is unstable, harmonic pollution can be generated to the power grid after the electric energy generated by the photovoltaic power generation reversely flows into the power grid, and the power grid voltage fluctuates, therefore, the additional installation of the anti-backflow device is necessary for users who build the photovoltaic assembly for power generation.
The current anti-backflow method generally cuts off the photovoltaic power generation circuit directly when the photovoltaic power generation power is detected to be larger than the power consumption of a load, so as to prevent the photovoltaic energy generated by the photovoltaic panel from rushing into a power grid. In the mode, the countercurrent phenomenon is eliminated after the countercurrent phenomenon occurs, but the power supply of the photovoltaic panel to the load is thoroughly cut off, so that the power consumption of a user is influenced.
Disclosure of Invention
In order to timely eliminate the countercurrent phenomenon and enable the electricity consumption of a user to be not easy to influence, the application provides a photovoltaic countercurrent prevention system.
The application provides a photovoltaic anti-countercurrent system which adopts the following technical scheme:
the photovoltaic anti-countercurrent system comprises a detection module, a control module, an inverter, a relay general control module and a photovoltaic panel group, wherein:
the photovoltaic panel group comprises a plurality of photovoltaic panels for carrying out photovoltaic power generation;
the detection module is respectively coupled with the control module and the load, and is used for detecting whether reverse current flowing from the load to the power grid is generated or not and transmitting a detection signal to the control module;
the control module is respectively coupled with the detection module and the relay master control module and is used for generating control signals according to detection signals generated by the detection module;
the relay master control module is respectively coupled with the control module and the photovoltaic panel group, and is used for receiving control signals to control the number of photovoltaic panels for photovoltaic power generation.
By adopting the technical scheme, after the reverse current is detected, the control module receives a reverse current signal, the control module generates a control signal to control the relay master control module, the working quantity of the photovoltaic panels in the photovoltaic panel group is controlled, and the power input to the load by the photovoltaic panel group is changed by changing the working quantity of the photovoltaic panels, so that the photovoltaic panel group is adaptive to the load consumption power, the reverse current phenomenon is eliminated, and the power consumption of a user is not easily influenced.
Preferably, the detection module comprises a countercurrent detection unit and a signal transmission unit;
the countercurrent detection unit is used for detecting countercurrent flowing from the load to the power grid;
the signal transmitting unit is used for transmitting a reverse current signal to the control module after detecting that the reverse current is generated.
By adopting the technical scheme, the detection module can detect the countercurrent phenomenon generated in the system and send the signal for generating the countercurrent phenomenon to the control module, so that the control module can timely control the working state of the photovoltaic panel group and timely eliminate the countercurrent phenomenon.
Preferably, the control module comprises a signal receiving unit and a single-chip microcomputer;
the signal receiving unit is used for receiving the reverse current signal;
the single-chip microcomputer is used for receiving the reverse current signal received by the signal receiving unit and generating a control signal, and the control signal can control the relay master control module.
Through adopting above-mentioned technical scheme, adopt small-size monolithic microcomputer as control core, it is comparatively convenient, and make things convenient for personnel to adjust the setting to entire system.
Preferably, the relay master control module comprises a plurality of electromagnetic relays, wherein control coils of the electromagnetic relays are coupled with pins of the single-chip microcomputer, and the electromagnetic relays can control the contact switch to be opened and closed according to level signals transmitted by the pins of the single-chip microcomputer.
Through adopting above-mentioned technical scheme, after the phenomenon of flowing backward takes place, control module accessible monolithic microcomputer's the difference of the control signal of output, utilizes monolithic microcomputer's pin to the control coil output control signal of relay, through the control to the electromagnetic relay in the total accuse module of relay, realizes the control to the photovoltaic power generation branch road in the photovoltaic board group to change the electric quantity of photovoltaic board group to load input in order to eliminate the phenomenon of flowing backward.
Preferably, the photovoltaic panel group comprises a plurality of photovoltaic panels, the photovoltaic panels are coupled with the relay master control module through photovoltaic power generation branches, and each photovoltaic power generation branch is correspondingly connected with a contact switch of the electromagnetic relay in series.
Through adopting above-mentioned technical scheme for every electromagnetic relay can control a photovoltaic power generation branch road alone, consequently after the phenomenon takes place for countercurrent, not directly break off whole photovoltaic power generation branch road, but break off one by one to photovoltaic power generation branch road, until eliminate the phenomenon of countercurrent, make the load still can receive the photovoltaic power energy that produces by photovoltaic panel group after the phenomenon of countercurrent takes place, reduced because the influence of the production of phenomenon of countercurrent to user's power consumption.
Preferably, the detection module is coupled with a circuit protection module for protecting the detection module.
By adopting the technical scheme, the damage to components of each module caused by overlarge current in the system is avoided, and the modules contained in the photovoltaic anti-reflux system are effectively protected.
Preferably, the signal transmitting unit is a wireless signal transmitter, and the signal receiving unit is a wireless signal receiver matched with the signal transmitting unit.
Through adopting above-mentioned technical scheme, make between detection module and the control module can carry out signal transmission through wireless communication, need not the wiring when system's work to make control module can set up in optional position.
Preferably, the control system further comprises a reverse flow alarm module coupled with the control module; the countercurrent alarm module is used for alarming after receiving the countercurrent current signal.
By adopting the technical scheme, when the countercurrent phenomenon occurs, the user can know in time, so that the user can timely respond to the countercurrent phenomenon and timely adjust the power utilization strategy of the user.
In summary, the present application includes at least one of the following beneficial technical effects:
1. the control module is used for controlling the relay master control module, so that the working state of the photovoltaic panel set is controlled, the power transmission quantity of photovoltaic power generation to a load is controlled, and the countercurrent phenomenon is not easy to occur;
2. according to the method and the device, the countercurrent phenomenon can be monitored in real time, the user is timely informed of the countercurrent phenomenon through the alarm at the first time of occurrence of the countercurrent phenomenon, the user can know the occurrence of the countercurrent phenomenon at the first time conveniently, and the countercurrent phenomenon can be timely reacted;
3. when the countercurrent phenomenon occurs, the photovoltaic power generation branch in the photovoltaic panel set is controlled, so that when the countercurrent phenomenon occurs, the photovoltaic power generation branch is cut off in sequence without directly cutting off the photovoltaic power source generated by photovoltaic power generation, and the influence on the electricity consumption of a user due to the occurrence of the countercurrent phenomenon is reduced.
Drawings
Fig. 1 is a schematic connection diagram of a photovoltaic anti-reverse-flow system according to an embodiment of the present application.
Fig. 2 is a schematic block diagram of a photovoltaic anti-reflux system according to an embodiment of the present application.
Reference numerals illustrate: 1. a power grid; 2. a circuit protection module; 3. a detection module; 31. a reverse flow detection unit; 32. a signal transmitting unit; 4. a counter flow alarm module; 5. a control module; 51. a single chip microcomputer; 52. a signal receiving unit; 6. a load; 7. an inverter; 8. a relay master control module; 9. a photovoltaic panel set; 91. a photovoltaic panel.
Detailed Description
In order to make the technical solutions in the present specification better understood by those skilled in the art, the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present specification will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the drawings in the embodiments of the present specification, and it is obvious that the described embodiments are only some embodiments of the present application, but not all embodiments.
For a user with a photovoltaic power generation system, when the power of the load 6 is smaller than the power generated by the photovoltaic panel group 9, the load 6 cannot completely consume the photoelectric energy generated by the photovoltaic panel group 9, so that a countercurrent phenomenon can occur in the system, and current flows to the power grid 1 from the load 6 to generate certain reverse current; according to the method, the control signal is generated by the single-chip microcomputer 51 in the control module 5 through detection of reverse current, the level OUTPUT by the OUTPUT pin of the single-chip microcomputer 51 is controlled through the control signal, so that the number of the photovoltaic panels 91 of the load 6 connected with the photovoltaic panel group 9 is controlled, the number of the photovoltaic panels 91 of the load 6 connected with the photovoltaic panel group 9 is changed to adjust the power generation of the photovoltaic panel group 9, the power generation of the photovoltaic panel group 9 is smaller than the power of the load 6, and the occurrence of the reverse flow phenomenon is prevented.
The embodiment of the application discloses a photovoltaic anti-reflux system. Referring to fig. 1 and 2, a photovoltaic anti-reverse-flow system includes a detection module 3, a control module 5, an inverter 7, a relay master module 8, and a photovoltaic panel group 9.
Specifically, one end of the detection module 3 is coupled to the power grid 1, the other end of the detection module is coupled to the load 6, and the signal output end of the detection module 3 is coupled to the signal input end of the control module 5; one end of the inverter 7 is coupled with the load 6, and the other end of the inverter is coupled with the photovoltaic panel group 9; one end of the relay master control module 8 is coupled with the control module 5; the control module 5 is also coupled with a counter-current alarm module 4.
The detection module 3 comprises a signal sending unit 32 and a countercurrent detection unit 31, the countercurrent detection unit 31 is a single-phase kilowatt-hour meter or a double-phase kilowatt-hour meter, the kilowatt-hour meter is connected between the load 6 and the power grid 1, the kilowatt-hour meter utilizes the interaction of eddy current generated by a voltage and current coil on an aluminum disk and alternating magnetic flux to generate electromagnetic force, so that the aluminum disk rotates, and when reverse current flowing from the load 6 to the power grid 1 is generated in a system, the kilowatt-hour meter can timely detect the generation of the reverse current; the reverse current detection unit 31 then sends the detected reverse current signal to the control module 5 via the signal transmission unit 32, and the signal transmission unit 32 of the detection module 3 in this embodiment employs a wireless signal transmitter.
The control module 5 comprises a signal receiving unit 52 and a single-chip microcomputer 51, wherein the signal receiving unit 52 in the control module 5 is a wireless signal receiver matched with a wireless signal transmitter, and wireless communication can be carried out between the signal receiving unit 52 and the wireless signal transmitter to transmit wireless signals. The signal receiving unit 52 is coupled to the INPUT pin of the single-chip microcomputer 51, and when the signal receiving unit 52 of the control module 5 receives the reverse current signal sent by the signal sending unit 32 of the detection module 3, the signal is transmitted to the single-chip microcomputer 51, the single-chip microcomputer 51 generates a control signal inside the single-chip microcomputer 51 after receiving the reverse current signal, and a plurality of OUTPUT pins of the single-chip microcomputer 51 are coupled to the relay master control module 8; the control signal internally generated by the single chip microcomputer 51 can control the plurality of OUTPUT pins to OUTPUT a high level or a low level.
There are a plurality of electromagnetic relays in the relay general control module 8, and electromagnetic relay's control coil and the OUTPUT pin coupling of singlechip 51 are in order to receive the power supply of singlechip 51 control, and electromagnetic relay can be according to the different levels of OUTPUT pin to make electromagnetic relay's control coil switch in order to control electromagnetic relay's contact switch's switching, electromagnetic relay's contact switch is normally closed switch, for example: when the OUTPUT pin of the single-chip microcomputer 51 OUTPUTs a high level, the electromagnetic relay is electrified, and the coil of the electromagnetic relay sucks up the contact, so that the branch where the contact switch is located is disconnected; when the OUTPUT pin of the single-chip microcomputer 51 OUTPUTs a low level, the electromagnetic relay is deenergized, and the coil of the electromagnetic relay drops the contact to close the branch where the contact switch is located; the contact switch of the electromagnetic relay is connected in series on the power generation branch of the photovoltaic panel 91 in the photovoltaic panel group 9 to control the on-off of the photovoltaic power generation branch.
The photovoltaic panel group 9 comprises a plurality of photovoltaic panels 91 for supplying power to the inverter 7 through photovoltaic power generation branches, wherein the photovoltaic power generation branches are connected in series between the photovoltaic panels 91 and the inverter 7 so as to input electric energy generated by the photovoltaic panels 91 into the inverter 7; after the single-chip microcomputer 51 OUTPUTs the control signal, the coil of the electromagnetic relay is controlled to be electrified or not through the difference of the level OUTPUT by the OUTPUT of the single-chip microcomputer 51, so that the opening and closing of the contact switch are controlled, and the on-off state of the photovoltaic power generation branch is influenced; when all the photovoltaic power generation is on, the photovoltaic power generation group operates at the maximum power to generate the maximum power generation, if the occurrence of the countercurrent phenomenon is detected, one photovoltaic power generation branch is disconnected firstly, so that the electric energy input by the photovoltaic panel group 9 to the load 6 is reduced, the rest branches are not affected, and if the countercurrent phenomenon is still generated after one branch is disconnected, the process is continued to disconnect one photovoltaic power generation branch until the countercurrent phenomenon disappears.
The control module 5 is further coupled to a backflow alarm module 4, and the backflow alarm module 4 adopts an existing audible and visual alarm in the present embodiment, and the backflow alarm module 4 can perform an audible and visual alarm to prompt a user, and when a backflow phenomenon occurs, the control module 5 controls the backflow alarm module 4 to sound to inform the user.
The circuit protection module 2 is arranged between the detection module and the power grid, specifically, when current fluctuation occurs or current flowing through the circuit protection module is overlarge, the circuit protection module 2 can disconnect a passage in order to prevent damage of components in the system, and in the embodiment of the application, the circuit protection module 2 can be an air switch.
The implementation principle of the photovoltaic anti-countercurrent system in the embodiment of the application is as follows: when the detection module 3 detects that reverse current is generated, a signal is sent to the control module 5; the single-chip microcomputer 51 in the control module 5 generates a control signal to control the plurality of output pins of the single-chip microcomputer 51 to output high level or low level, and the control coil in the relay master control module 8 controls the on-off state of the photovoltaic power generation branch according to the level output by the single-chip microcomputer 51 so as to reduce the number of photovoltaic panels 91 used for generating photovoltaic power in the photovoltaic panel group 9, achieve the effect of eliminating the backflow phenomenon, and does not cut off the power transmission of the photovoltaic panel group 9 to the load 6 while eliminating the backflow phenomenon.
The foregoing are all preferred embodiments of the present application, and are not intended to limit the scope of the present application in any way, therefore: all equivalent changes in structure, shape and principle of this application should be covered in the protection scope of this application.