CN219039645U - Photovoltaic power optimizer start control circuit - Google Patents
Photovoltaic power optimizer start control circuit Download PDFInfo
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- CN219039645U CN219039645U CN202223594612.7U CN202223594612U CN219039645U CN 219039645 U CN219039645 U CN 219039645U CN 202223594612 U CN202223594612 U CN 202223594612U CN 219039645 U CN219039645 U CN 219039645U
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Abstract
The utility model relates to the technical field of photovoltaic power optimizers, and particularly discloses a photovoltaic power optimizer starting control circuit, which comprises a power supply circuit and a low-power control circuit connected with the power supply circuit, wherein the low-power control circuit is used for judging the power value of an input end and controlling the power supply circuit to be conducted when the power value exceeds a threshold power and not started when the power value is lower than the threshold power; the low-power control circuit comprises a primary amplifying circuit, a secondary amplifying circuit and a voltage dividing circuit which are sequentially connected with a signal input end of the control chip. The signal at the signal input end is amplified through the primary amplifying circuit and the secondary amplifying circuit, so that the accuracy of power value detection is improved; meanwhile, the power of the input end is detected by controlling the triode through the analog circuit, the effect that the power supply circuit is not started when the voltage is low is achieved, the situation that the voltage is too low to cause repeated restarting is avoided, and the service life of the controller is prolonged.
Description
Technical Field
The utility model relates to the technical field of photovoltaic power optimizers, in particular to a photovoltaic power optimizer starting control circuit.
Background
The photovoltaic power optimizer is mainly applied to a photovoltaic power station adopting a series-parallel connection mode of a plurality of photovoltaic modules. The method mainly aims to solve the problem that when state differences exist among all components in a power station or shielding or damage occurs in some components, the output power of an inverter is reduced when part or all of the components are uniformly tracked at the maximum power point, and the efficiency is low. Therefore, a maximum power optimizer is arranged and connected in each photovoltaic module so as to improve output power.
In the use process of the photovoltaic power optimizer, we find that when the photovoltaic panel has shielding or weak illumination conditions in the morning and evening, the system can cause the condition that the circuit is restarted repeatedly. This is mainly due to the fact that the supply voltage input to the photovoltaic power optimizer board by the photovoltaic board is unstable, resulting in a voltage runaway situation with repeated restarting. The circuit is restarted repeatedly, so that the MCU chip is restarted continuously, the internal storage of the chip is erased continuously, the erasing times of the chip are prolonged, the service life of the chip is greatly reduced, and the service life of the whole controller is reduced.
Therefore, in order to increase the service life of the controller and avoid the problem of repeated restarting of the circuit, it is now necessary to provide a photovoltaic power optimizer start-up control circuit.
Disclosure of Invention
The utility model aims to provide a photovoltaic power optimizer starting control circuit, which solves the problems of repeated restarting of the circuit and reduction of the service life of a chip.
In order to achieve the above purpose, the utility model adopts the following technical scheme:
the utility model is mainly used for avoiding the problem of repeated restarting of the circuit when the photovoltaic panel is shielded or has weak illumination in the morning and evening, thereby prolonging the service life of the control chip, prolonging the service life of the whole controller, improving the use efficiency and reducing the equipment replacement cost. The low-power control circuit is used for judging the input power value and controlling the power circuit to be conducted when the power value exceeds the threshold power, and not to be started when the power value is lower than the threshold power; the low-power control circuit comprises a primary amplifying circuit, a secondary amplifying circuit and a voltage dividing circuit which are sequentially connected with a signal input end of the control chip; the primary amplifying circuit comprises a first divider resistor connected with the base electrode end of the triode Q2; the secondary amplifying circuit comprises a power supply resistor connected with the collector end of the triode Q1 and a bias resistor connected with the base end of the triode Q1, wherein the power supply resistor and the bias resistor are respectively connected to a power supply end; the voltage dividing circuit comprises a second voltage dividing resistor, a diode cathode end and an enabling end which are respectively connected with the second voltage dividing resistor, and an anode end of the diode is connected with an output end.
The principle and the advantages of the scheme are as follows:
only when the power value exceeds the threshold power, the power supply end can start to work, so that the photovoltaic power optimizer can start to work normally, the control chip of the optimizer can not start to work when the power supply voltage output by the photovoltaic panel is low or unstable, the situation of repeated restarting is avoided, the service life of the control chip is guaranteed, and the service life of the controller is prolonged.
Meanwhile, the signal at the signal input end is amplified through the primary amplifying circuit and the secondary amplifying circuit, so that the signal is amplified as much as possible under the condition of no distortion, the accuracy of the signal is improved, the accuracy of power value detection is further improved, and the detection efficiency is effectively improved. Meanwhile, the output power value is detected, so that the stability of detection data is guaranteed, and the judgment accuracy is further improved. And the power circuit is controlled to be turned on or turned off by the characteristics of the triode switch, so that the effect of automatic control at low power without starting is achieved.
Further, the power supply resistor comprises a resistor R7 and a resistor R6 which are respectively connected with the collector terminal of the triode Q1 in parallel; the resistance value of the resistor R7 and the resistor R6 is 100 omega. The resistor with the power resistance value of about 100 omega is selected, so that the power consumption of the power supply resistor part is improved, the voltage of the power supply terminal is reduced, the output voltage is ensured to be smaller than the threshold voltage, the situation of false start is avoided, and the situation of repeated restarting is further reduced.
Further, the bias resistor comprises a resistor R8 and a resistor R9 which are respectively connected with the base electrode end of the triode Q1 in parallel; the resistance value of the resistor R8 and the resistor R9 is larger than 10KΩ. The resistor with the power resistance value of more than 10KΩ is selected, so that the consumed power of the bias resistor is extremely small during normal operation, the normal output of voltage is not influenced by the resistor, the stability of the output voltage during operation is ensured, and the condition that the voltage is continuously restarted due to too low change during the operation state is prevented.
Further, the first voltage dividing resistor comprises a resistor R10 and a resistor R12 which are sequentially connected with the signal input end; one end of the resistor R12 is connected with the base electrode end of the triode Q2; the other end of the resistor R12 is connected with the emitter end of the triode Q2.
Further, the collector end of the triode Q2 is respectively connected with the base end of the triode Q1, one end of a resistor R8 and one end of a resistor R9; the other end of the resistor R8 is respectively connected with the other end of the resistor R9, the other end of the resistor R6, the other end of the resistor R7 and a power supply end; the emitter end of the triode Q2 is connected with the emitter end of the triode Q1; and the emitter electrode of the triode Q1 is grounded.
Further, the second voltage dividing resistor comprises a resistor R5 and a resistor R11 which are sequentially connected with the other end of the resistor R7; the other end of the resistor R5 is respectively connected with the cathode end and the enabling end of the diode D1; the anode end of the diode D1 is connected with a power supply end; the other end of the resistor R11 is respectively connected with one end of the capacitor C5 and grounded; the other end of the capacitor C5 is connected with the cathode end of the diode D1. The power supply circuit is connected with the enabling end through the diode D1 after being started, so that the abnormal condition that the power supply circuit is restarted continuously due to low voltage in the working process is effectively avoided, stable output of the power supply circuit is ensured, and the service life of the controller is effectively prolonged.
Further, the power supply circuit is a 12V-to-3.3V DC-DC power supply circuit; the power supply circuit comprises a power supply chip, and a resistor R1 end, a resistor R4 end and an enabling end which are respectively connected with an enabling pin of the power supply chip; the other end of the resistor R1 is respectively connected with a power supply end and a power supply chip input pin; the power chip pin 6 is sequentially connected with the inductor L1 and the output end.
Further, the power chip pin 1 is connected with one end of a capacitor C1, and the other end of the capacitor C1 is connected with one end of an inductor L1.
Further, the power chip pin 3 is connected with one end of the resistor R3 and one end of the resistor R2 respectively; the other end of the resistor R2 is respectively connected with the other end of the inductor L1, one end of the capacitor C3 and the power supply end.
Further, the other end of the resistor R4 is respectively connected with the pin 2 of the power chip, the other end of the resistor R3 and the other end of the capacitor C3; the power chip pin 2 is grounded.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of an embodiment of the present utility model;
FIG. 2 is a circuit diagram of a low power control unit according to an embodiment of the present utility model;
fig. 3 is a circuit diagram of a power supply unit according to an embodiment of the utility model.
Detailed Description
The following is a further detailed description of the embodiments:
reference numerals in the drawings of the specification include: a control chip 1, a low power control circuit 2 and a power supply circuit 3.
An example is substantially as shown in figure 1: the photovoltaic power optimizer starts the control circuit, is used for accurately judging the input power output to the photovoltaic power optimizer by the photovoltaic panel, ensures that when the input power is too low, the working circuit in the optimizer is controlled not to be started, thereby avoiding the condition that the circuit is restarted repeatedly, effectively prolonging the service life of the control chip 1 of the optimizer, and further prolonging the service life of the controller. Specifically, the low-power control circuit 2 is connected with the control chip 1 (MCU) through a Signal input end Signal1, and the power supply circuit 3 is connected with the low-power control circuit 2. In this embodiment, the control chip 1 (MCU) adopts a GD32F310K8T6 (mega-chip).
Specifically, as shown in fig. 2, the low-power control circuit 2 is configured to determine whether the power input by the signal input terminal exceeds a threshold power, and conduct the enabling terminal to start the power circuit 3 after the power exceeds the threshold power, so as to enable the power circuit to operate; if the threshold power is not exceeded, the power supply circuit 3 is not started. Compared with the judgment of the voltage in the circuit, the judgment power value is more stable and accurate, so that the accuracy of low-power judgment in a small range can be ensured, and the judgment accuracy is ensured. Specifically, the low-power control circuit 2 includes one end of a resistor R10 connected to the Signal1 of the Signal input end of the control chip 1, and the other end of the resistor R10 is connected to one end of a resistor R12 and the base end of a triode Q2 respectively; the other end of the resistor R12 is connected with the emitter end of the triode Q2.
And the collector end of the triode Q2 is respectively connected with the base end of the triode Q1, one end of the resistor R8 and one end of the resistor R9. In this embodiment, the power resistance value of the resistor R8 and the resistor R9 is above 10kΩ, the power consumption during operation is extremely low, and the power consumption during circuit operation can be ensured to be reduced to the minimum, so that the circuit voltage is not affected, the condition that the circuit is continuously restarted due to unstable voltage reduction is avoided, and meanwhile, the energy consumption during normal operation is effectively reduced. The collector end of the triode Q1 is respectively connected with one end of a resistor R7 and one end of a resistor R6, and the other end of the resistor R7 is respectively connected with the other end of the resistor R6, the other end of the resistor R8, the other end of the resistor R9, a power end VCC and one end of a resistor R5; the emitter terminal of the triode Q1 is connected with the emitter terminal of the triode Q2. In this embodiment, the resistor R6 and the resistor R7 are resistors with power resistance values near 100deg.C, and have larger power consumption, so that when the output power in the circuit is processed and determined, the output power value can be effectively reduced, thereby ensuring that the lower power is lower than the threshold power, ensuring that the accurate control enabling terminal is not conducted, thereby accurately controlling the power circuit 3 not to be started at the lower power, reducing the repeated starting condition under the low power condition, and also ensuring that sufficient and stable output power can be provided for the power circuit 3 when the power circuit is started to operate.
The other end of the resistor R5 is respectively connected with one end of the resistor R11, one end of the capacitor C5, the cathode end of the diode D1 and the enabling end 3.3V_EN. The other end of the resistor R11 is connected with the other end of the capacitor C5 and the emitter end of the triode Q1; and the emitter electrode of the triode Q1 is grounded. The anode end of the diode D1 is connected with the output end by 3.3V; the enabling end 3.3v_en is a determination node for output power and threshold power, and in this embodiment, the threshold power is 1.3W. Only when the output power exceeds the threshold power, the power supply circuit 3 is started, so that the stability of the power in the working state is ensured, and the situation of repeated restarting is avoided.
Specifically, as shown in fig. 3, the power supply circuit 3 is a 12V to 3.3V DC-DC (power from one voltage value to another voltage value in a direct current circuit), and in this embodiment, the 12V voltage network of the photovoltaic power optimizer is converted into a 3.3V voltage network. The power circuit 3 includes a power chip U1, in this embodiment, the power chip U1 is a power DCDC chip, and an ETA2845S2G (Yutai) chip is adopted. And a resistor R1 end, a resistor R4 end and an enable end 3.3V_EN which are respectively connected with the enable pin 4 (EN) of the power chip U1; the enabling pin 4 of the power chip U1 is an enabling pin of the power chip U1, and the pin is only activated when the power at the enabling end 3.3V_EN exceeds the threshold power of 1.3W, so that the power chip U1 works and power output is generated. Meanwhile, the low-power control circuit 2 is designed on the periphery of the enabling pin 4, so that various power-on functions of the power chip U1 are realized, the power circuit 3 is not started when the power is low, the normal work of the power chip U1 is not influenced, the service efficiency of the power chip U1 is greatly improved, the power consumption of a power source is saved, the service life of the power chip is prolonged, and the service life of the power source of the whole controller is prolonged. The other end of the resistor R1 is respectively connected with a power end VCC and an input pin 5 (IN) of the power chip U1; the other end of the resistor R4 is connected with a pin 2 (GND) of the power chip U1, and the pin 2 of the power chip U1 is grounded, so that the stability and the safety of a circuit are ensured.
Specifically, a pin 6 (LX) of the power chip U1 is connected to one end of the capacitor C1 and one end of the inductor L1 respectively; the other end of the capacitor C1 is connected with a pin 1 of the power chip U1; the other end of the inductor L1 is respectively connected with one end of the resistor R2, one end of the capacitor C3 and 3.3V of the output end. After the output power exceeds the threshold power, the power circuit 3 converts the 12V voltage value into the 3.3V voltage meeting the working requirement and outputs the voltage, so that the conversion efficiency is high, the condition that the voltage is unstable and restarted repeatedly during working is avoided, the precision of the output voltage is ensured, and the working requirement of the circuit is met.
Specifically, a pin 3 (FB) of the power chip U1 is connected to one end of the resistor R3 and one end of the resistor R2 respectively; the other end of the resistor R3 is connected with the pin 2 of the power chip U1. The other end of the resistor R2 is connected with the other end of the inductor L1 and one end of the capacitor C3 respectively; the other end of the capacitor C3 is connected with the other end of the resistor R3.
The specific implementation process is as follows:
as shown in fig. 1 to 3, when the power output to the optimizer through the photovoltaic panel is 0 or lower, the power received by the control chip 1 of the optimizer through the Signal input terminal Signal1 is 0 or lower, the base of the triode Q2 is low, the triode Q2 is in a cut-off state, the triode Q1 is in a saturated state, the current consumes a certain amount of power through the resistor R6 and the resistor R7, and the voltage is reduced after the power supply terminal VCC is divided by the resistor R5 and the resistor R11. When the output power is low, the VCC voltage of the power supply terminal decreases, and the power at the enable terminal 3.3v_en is lower than the threshold power, so that the enable terminal 3.3v_en is controlled to be non-conductive, and the power circuit 3 is not started to operate. When the input power is large enough, the voltage of the power supply terminal VCC increases, and the voltage divided by the resistor R5 and the resistor R11 increases, so that the power at the enable terminal 3.3v_en exceeds the threshold power, the enable terminal 3.3v_en is turned on, so that the output terminal 3.3V normally outputs work, and the power supply circuit 3 is controlled to start normal work.
At this time, after the output end 3.3V normally outputs, the Signal1 Signal of the input pin of the control chip 1 is high, the triode Q2 is in a saturated state and is turned on, the triode Q1 works in a cut-off state, the resistor R6 and the resistor R7 stop working, the resistor R8 and the resistor R9 normally work, the output end 3.3V is directly connected to the enabling end 3.3v_en through the diode D1, backflow during working is avoided, the power stability of the enabling end 3.3v_en is ensured, and the repeated restarting of the power circuit 3 is effectively avoided.
In this embodiment, the power of the input end is detected by the triode controlled by the analog circuit, so that the working state of the power circuit 3 is controlled by controlling the on state of the enable pin of the power chip U1, the effect that the power circuit 3 is not started when the power is low is achieved, and the effect that the control chip of the control optimizer is not started is further achieved. The abnormal condition that when the output power is too low or is 0 due to the fact that the photovoltaic panel is shielded or insufficient in illumination is effectively reduced, the circuit is restarted repeatedly is effectively reduced. When the voltage of the control chip 1 of the optimizer is not lower than the threshold power, the photovoltaic power optimizer can be started to work normally, so that the stability of the power during working is ensured, the condition of repeated restarting caused by too low power is avoided, the use efficiency is effectively improved, the control chip 1 of the optimizer is prevented from being continuously restarted and erased by invalidation, the service life of the control chip 1 is effectively prolonged, and the service life of the controller is prolonged.
The foregoing is merely exemplary of the present utility model, and specific technical solutions and/or features that are well known in the art have not been described in detail herein. It should be noted that, for those skilled in the art, several variations and modifications can be made without departing from the technical solution of the present utility model, and these should also be regarded as the protection scope of the present utility model, which does not affect the effect of the implementation of the present utility model and the practical applicability of the patent. The protection scope of the present application shall be subject to the content of the claims, and the description of the specific embodiments and the like in the specification can be used for explaining the content of the claims.
Claims (10)
1. The photovoltaic power optimizer starts control circuit, its characterized in that: the power supply circuit is used for judging the input power value and controlling the power supply circuit to be conducted when the power value exceeds the threshold power, and the power supply circuit is not started when the power value is lower than the threshold power; the low-power control circuit comprises a primary amplifying circuit, a secondary amplifying circuit and a voltage dividing circuit which are sequentially connected with a signal input end of the control chip; the primary amplifying circuit comprises a first divider resistor connected with the base electrode end of the triode Q2; the secondary amplifying circuit comprises a power supply resistor connected with the collector end of the triode Q1 and a bias resistor connected with the base end of the triode Q1, wherein the power supply resistor and the bias resistor are respectively connected to a power supply end; the voltage dividing circuit comprises a second voltage dividing resistor, a diode cathode end and an enabling end which are respectively connected with the second voltage dividing resistor, and an anode end of the diode is connected with an output end.
2. The photovoltaic power optimizer start-up control circuit of claim 1, wherein: the power supply resistor comprises a resistor R7 and a resistor R6 which are respectively connected with the collector end of the triode Q1 in parallel; the resistance value of the resistor R7 and the resistor R6 is 100 omega.
3. The photovoltaic power optimizer start-up control circuit of claim 2, wherein: the bias resistor comprises a resistor R8 and a resistor R9 which are respectively connected with the base electrode end of the triode Q1 in parallel; the resistance value of the resistor R8 and the resistor R9 is larger than 10KΩ.
4. The photovoltaic power optimizer start-up control circuit of claim 1, wherein: the first voltage dividing resistor comprises a resistor R10 and a resistor R12 which are sequentially connected with the signal input end; one end of the resistor R12 is connected with the base electrode end of the triode Q2; the other end of the resistor R12 is connected with the emitter end of the triode Q2.
5. A photovoltaic power optimizer start-up control circuit as set forth in claim 3 wherein: the collector end of the triode Q2 is respectively connected with the base end of the triode Q1, one end of the resistor R8 and one end of the resistor R9; the other end of the resistor R8 is respectively connected with the other end of the resistor R9, the other end of the resistor R6, the other end of the resistor R7 and a power supply end; the emitter end of the triode Q2 is connected with the emitter end of the triode Q1; and the emitter electrode of the triode Q1 is grounded.
6. The photovoltaic power optimizer start-up control circuit of claim 2, wherein: the second voltage dividing resistor comprises a resistor R5 and a resistor R11 which are sequentially connected with the other end of the resistor R7; the other end of the resistor R5 is respectively connected with the cathode end and the enabling end of the diode D1; the anode end of the diode D1 is connected with a power supply end; the other end of the resistor R11 is respectively connected with one end of the capacitor C5 and grounded; the other end of the capacitor C5 is connected with the cathode end of the diode D1.
7. The photovoltaic power optimizer start-up control circuit of claim 1, wherein: the power supply circuit is a 12V-to-3.3V DC-DC power supply circuit; the power supply circuit comprises a power supply chip, and a resistor R1 end, a resistor R4 end and an enabling end which are respectively connected with an enabling pin of the power supply chip; the other end of the resistor R1 is respectively connected with a power supply end and a power supply chip input pin; the power chip pin 6 is sequentially connected with the inductor L1 and the output end.
8. The photovoltaic power optimizer start-up control circuit of claim 7, wherein: the power chip pin 1 is connected with one end of a capacitor C1, and the other end of the capacitor C1 is connected with one end of an inductor L1.
9. The photovoltaic power optimizer start-up control circuit of claim 8, wherein: the power chip pin 3 is respectively connected with one end of the resistor R3 and one end of the resistor R2; the other end of the resistor R2 is respectively connected with the other end of the inductor L1, one end of the capacitor C3 and the power supply end.
10. The photovoltaic power optimizer start-up control circuit of claim 9, wherein: the other end of the resistor R4 is respectively connected with the pin 2 of the power chip, the other end of the resistor R3 and the other end of the capacitor C3; the power chip pin 2 is grounded.
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
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| CN202223594612.7U CN219039645U (en) | 2022-12-30 | 2022-12-30 | Photovoltaic power optimizer start control circuit |
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
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| CN202223594612.7U CN219039645U (en) | 2022-12-30 | 2022-12-30 | Photovoltaic power optimizer start control circuit |
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| CN219039645U true CN219039645U (en) | 2023-05-16 |
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| CN202223594612.7U Active CN219039645U (en) | 2022-12-30 | 2022-12-30 | Photovoltaic power optimizer start control circuit |
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