CN2190352Y - Electrode for chemical electric source with moving reaction interface - Google Patents
Electrode for chemical electric source with moving reaction interface Download PDFInfo
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- CN2190352Y CN2190352Y CN 94210567 CN94210567U CN2190352Y CN 2190352 Y CN2190352 Y CN 2190352Y CN 94210567 CN94210567 CN 94210567 CN 94210567 U CN94210567 U CN 94210567U CN 2190352 Y CN2190352 Y CN 2190352Y
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Abstract
The utility model relates to an electrode for a chemical electric source, which is a mesh electrode with overlapped layers, and the overlapped layers are more than two layers (containing two layers). The overlapped layers use a plain or a convolution structure, can increase obviously the electrode area, and the position between the layers can be used for providing the space with containing the living solution and isolating the solid deposit. When the electrode charges, a depositing layer is moved gradually from one side near the charging electrode to the other side. Because of the movement of the reaction interface, the electrode reaction can be conducted at the whole electrode surface, the reaction interface is enlarged obviously, the charge with high current can be conducted, and the charge can be finished in short time. The utility model has the advantages of high cycle service life and preferable electrode characteristic, and is used as the electrode of the chemical electric source of an electric vehicle or other high-speed reaction electrode.
Description
The utility model relates to a kind of chemical power source electrode.
Secondary chemical sources of electric energy (storage battery) electrode commonly used adopts the porous flat plate electrode more, and the preparation method of its electrode is to apply active material on basal electrode, and drying or sintering are made pole plate.This type electrode in charge and discharge process be with solid (attitude) Gu-(attitude) cyclicity formula carries out, be that the electrode reaction thing is solid-state, and product also is another kind of solid-state, the microstructure of this solid cycle electrode and form can change along with circulating repeatedly, electrode capacity is constantly failed, have a strong impact on the performance and the life-span of electrode.In addition, the kind electrode reaction is at first reacted in the solid/liquid interfaces of electrode, along with the carrying out of electrode reaction, to the diffusion of electrode interior reaction interface is from outward appearance to inner essence reacted by solution, and product is also constantly spread simultaneously to the outside by electrode interior.Therefore, the reaction rate of this conventional electrodes is subjected to the restriction of solution to the diffusion rate of electrode interior to a great extent, promptly is subjected to concentration polarization and controls.Thereby, can not depend merely on the reaction interface that the thickness that increases electrode improves electrode.This type electrode is because the problem that this body structure exists, and realize that quick charge normally adopts pulse charging technique, but charging is fast more, and the utilance of active material is just low more, and can influence the transmission performance of electrical network.For example the lead acid accumulator that electric motor car at present is commonly used just belongs to above-mentioned situation, and its specific energy is low, and useful life is short, and the charging interval is long, has greatly influenced the performance of car load.
A kind of liquid stream redox cell is arranged in addition, though its electrode system adopts liquid (attitude)-liquid (attitude) circulation form, but its electrode adopts the porous plane electrode, as adopt carbon cloth, in order to improve reaction rate, reduce effects of Concentration Polarization, adopt the method for the electric liquid of circulation, therefore, this battery system needs circulating pump, makes the entire cell system complex.
The CN1051273A patent application discloses a kind of acid positive plate, it is formed by stacking by the identical conductive plate of two block structures, arrange main muscle around the folded face of conductive plate, each piece conductive plate upper punch is shaped on the inlet opening that quantity equates, apply lead powder on the folded face of conductive plate, adopt inlet opening being processed into crimping on the conductive plate superposed surfaces or leading and arranging the measure of strengthening on the plate superposed surfaces, to improve the useful life of positive plate.
The CN1052222A patent application discloses a kind of Fe-Si alkaline accumulator, and its just very pipe is adorned board-like, and skeleton is made with iron, and every iron bar overcoat fiberglass pipe is filled out siliceous anodal pulvis earlier in the pipe; Negative pole is the grid formula, and its skeleton is also made with iron, is coated with negative pole paste powder outward.
Above-mentioned electrode all adopts on skeleton the way of coating pulvis, electrode charge and discharge process belong to solid (attitude) Gu-(attitude) circulation form.
The purpose of this utility model aim to provide a kind of employing solid-liquid charge and discharge the circulation or liquid-liquid charge and discharge circular response interface passing type chemical power source electrode.
The said solid-liquid circulation of the utility model is meant that the active material that charging forms is a solid phase, and discharging product enters liquid phase.The said liquid of the utility model-liquid circulation is meant that the charge and discharge process active material is a liquid phase, but need not the fluid reservoir of electric fluid circulation.
The utility model is the mesh electrode that adopts lamination, and its number of plies (is containing 2 layers) more than 2 layers, and the liquid phase active material is stored in mesh and the hole.
The said network structure of the utility model is to adopt sheet metal to draw in the net to make it to have the metal lath of certain torsional angle or adopt metal wire knitted to form, and its network is shaped as rhombus or square.
The said network structure of the utility model also can be to adopt carbon felt and carbon cloth, Carbon Fibre Textile.
Said reaction interface passing type chemical power source electrode structure is to adopt flat stack or convolution structure.
Said its material of reaction interface passing type chemical power source electrode can adopt metallic nickel, zinc, lead, stainless steel, iron, titanium etc.
The utility model can use separately, also can mix use with existing conventional electrodes.
The utility model is owing to adopt the electrode structure of flat stack or convolutional, and electrode area enlarges markedly.Owing to adopt wire netting with certain torsional angle, there is a large amount of spaces between layer and the layer, can be full of electrolyte solution therebetween with high specific energy.To solid-liquid charge and discharge cycles system, when electrode charged, the metal stratum reticulare of the close charging utmost point one side deposited active material earlier.If the speed of electro-deposition is much larger than the speed of solution diffusion, then the active material that provides electrode reaction required is provided solution diffusion, and this regional active material is exhausted rapidly.At this moment, this regional electrodepositing speed slows down, even stops reaction, and back to back one deck wire netting down begins electro-deposition.Along with the carrying out of charging, sedimentary deposit is by passing to opposite side gradually near a side of the charging utmost point.This have and can be referred to as reaction interface passing type electrode with the electrode system that carries out the automatic mobile thereupon 26S Proteasome Structure and Function of reaction interface of charging process.Reaction interface passing speed is the size that depends on charging current.Charging current is big more, and it is just fast more that then reaction interface is passed speed, helps overall electrode evenly electro-deposition fast more.Therefore, this reaction interface passing type electrode is suitable for the electrode of motor vehicle high speed charging accumulator.
The utility model is particularly suitable for charging with constant heavy current.
The capacity of the battery that the utility model constituted, depend on laminate electrode the number of plies, be full of the volume of solution and the electrochemical equivalent of active material itself.
Fig. 1 and Fig. 2 are the utility model structural representation.
Fig. 3 is netted flat stack formula structural representation for the utility model adopts.
Fig. 4 is netted convolutional structural representation for the utility model adopts.
Fig. 5 is a utility model testing apparatus schematic diagram.
Fig. 6 is zones of different reference electrode current potential (I=0.4A) over time.
Fig. 7 is zones of different reference electrode current potential (I=1.5A) over time.
The zinc-air battery structural representation of Fig. 8 for adopting reaction interface passing type chemical power source electrode to constitute.
Fig. 9 is the polarization of the zinc anode after the utility model charging (discharge) curve.
Figure 10 adopts porous material such as carbon felt, the structural representation of carbon cloth or Carbon Fibre Textile for the utility model.
Following embodiment will be described further content of the present utility model and outstanding effect thereof in conjunction with the accompanying drawings.
Embodiment 1:
The utility model adopts the square-shaped metal grid, as shown in Figure 3, and per 1 * 1cm
2On 100 grids are arranged, wire diameter d=0.02cm, the available surface area of individual layer net metallic framework is 0.98cm
2The interlamellar spacing of establishing plane parallel lamination net again is 0.005cm, and the thickness of lamination net is 1cm, and can calculate the number of plies of trying to achieve net is 40 layers.So available surface area is 0.98 * 40=39.2(cm
2).
Calculating shows that the total surface area of the utility model three-dimensional increases about 40 times than the surface area of single-layer electrodes.Explanation is under the same density of charging current, and strength of charging current of the present utility model can increase 40 times.If the number of plies increases, then charging current can correspondingly increase.In addition, the shared volume ratio in space of this lamination net electrode reaches 72%, can be used as to provide to hold the space that living solution and deposition of solid are separated out.If the utility model adopt draws in the net metal, because it has certain torsional angle (seeing Fig. 1 and Fig. 2), so its sky accounting is bigger, can hold more living solution, and the capacitance of then forming battery is also just bigger.Also can adopt netted convolutional structure, see Fig. 4.
Embodiment 2:
For the clear sight of understanding the utility model in the passing of electrodeposition process median surface, we have designed testing apparatus as shown in Figure 5.(every area is 1 * 1cm to reaction interface passing type electrode by the copper mesh sheet of amalgamation
2) folded mutually forming.Draw a zinc reference electrode from each different distance of the auxiliary charging utmost point, the distance between each reference electrode is 1cm, and the sequence number of marking promptly is the cms of this position and auxiliary electrode distance among the figure.Groove solution is 10 milliliter of 30% potassium hydroxide+saturated zinc oxide.Charging current is 0.4 ampere, and experimental result as shown in Figure 6.The decline of electrode potential shows zinc in this regional copper mesh deposition among the figure, and the deposition of zinc is to be passed to opposite side gradually by the side near the auxiliary charging utmost point as can be seen from Figure, and then this passing speed of charging current big more (1.5 amperes) is just fast more, as shown in Figure 7.
Embodiment 3:
The utility model is in electrodeposition process, and the size of charging current is not only influential to the speed of deposition, and for each regional deposition of electrode important effect is arranged.Big more then each the regional deposition of charging current is just even more, and the result is shown in subordinate list.
Embodiment 4:
Adopt the utility model to form zinc-air Experimental cell, its structure as shown in Figure 8.Length be 93cm, to become internal diameter be 0.6cm to the high nickel convolution of drawing in the net for 3.5cm, external diameter is the columnar reaction interface passing of a 2.0cm type electrode, draws in the net layer thick to be 0.7cm, the number of plies is 25 layers.It is 2.5cm that this convolution electrode (3) is inserted diameter, in the columnar air electrode of high 4.0cm (1).Between air electrode (1) and convolution electrode (3), place an auxiliary charging utmost point (2) and barrier film (4).30% potassium hydroxide+saturated zinc oxide is as the active electrolyte solution of battery, and volume is 12.3 milliliters, and battery capacity is 0.7 ampere-hour.Battery charges with 6 amperes of heavy currents, just finishes charging (zinc ion in the solution all is deposited as the zinc of solid phase) in 4.5 minutes, measures polarization (discharge) curve (this moment, zinc was dissolved as liquid phase) of zinc anode then, the high 3.6cm of its electrode, external diameter 2cm, internal diameter 0.5cm, the result is as shown in Figure 9.As seen, this novel solid-liquid circulating electrode has good electrode performance.Battery charges and discharge circulation through 31 times and still keeps good performance.
Embodiment 5:
The utility model electrode adopts porous carbon materials such as carbon felt, carbon cloth or Carbon Fibre Textile (see figure 10), to be applicable to acidic electrolyte solution with strong oxidability, as high ferro/ferrous acid solution, the acid solution of vanadium (III)/vanadium (VI) etc., avoid the corrosion of electrode.
By embodiment 2～4, show to the utlity model has the electrode characteristic different with general storage battery.Generally, the constant current quick charge is an adverse factors to general storage battery, and to the utility model, quick charge is favourable factor on the contrary.Thereby the utility model can be used as motor vehicle chemical power source electrode.
Subordinate list: charging current is to the influence of zinc deposition uniformity
| Distance (cm) 0 23 46 70 93 with auxiliary electrode one side | |
| I＝0.4A | Deposition zinc amount (mg) 0.86 4.5 4.5 8.1 5.1 |
| I=1.0A | Deposition zinc amount (mg) 2.7 1.6 1.1 1.0 2.1 |
Claims (6)
1, reaction interface passing type chemical power source electrode is characterized in that adopting the mesh electrode of lamination, and its number of plies is more than 2 layers.
2, reaction interface passing type chemical power source electrode as claimed in claim 1 is characterized in that mesh electrode is metal lath or the woven wire cloth with certain torsional angle, and its mesh shape is a rhombus or square.
3, reaction interface passing type chemical power source electrode as claimed in claim 1 is characterized in that mesh electrode is the carbon felt of porous, weaving carbon fiber cloth or Carbon Fibre Textile.
4,, it is characterized in that lamination adopts flat stack, or adopt the convolution structure as the described reaction interface passing of claim 1 to 3 type chemical power source electrode.
5, reaction interface passing type chemical power source electrode as claimed in claim 2 is characterized in that electrode material can be a metallic nickel, zinc, lead, stainless steel, iron, titanium.
6, reaction interface passing type chemical power source electrode as claimed in claim 3 is characterized in that lamination adopts the plane parallel lamination.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN 94210567 CN2190352Y (en) | 1994-04-30 | 1994-04-30 | Electrode for chemical electric source with moving reaction interface |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN 94210567 CN2190352Y (en) | 1994-04-30 | 1994-04-30 | Electrode for chemical electric source with moving reaction interface |
Publications (1)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| CN2190352Y true CN2190352Y (en) | 1995-02-22 |
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Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN 94210567 Expired - Fee Related CN2190352Y (en) | 1994-04-30 | 1994-04-30 | Electrode for chemical electric source with moving reaction interface |
Country Status (1)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| CN (1) | CN2190352Y (en) |
Cited By (4)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN102751478A (en) * | 2012-07-03 | 2012-10-24 | 北京中航长力能源科技有限公司 | Zinc gel for zinc-air battery and preparation method thereof |
| CN104176836A (en) * | 2014-09-12 | 2014-12-03 | 哈尔滨工业大学 | Microorganism electrochemical device for in-situ remediation of polluted water and bottom mud and method for in-situ remediation of polluted water and bottom mud |
| CN107604168A (en) * | 2017-09-28 | 2018-01-19 | 上海至铂环保科技服务有限公司 | The method of recovering copper, nickel, cobalt from the sludge containing non-ferrous metal |
| CN107994205A (en) * | 2017-11-29 | 2018-05-04 | 北京工业大学 | A kind of preparation method of the porous zinc-air battery anode based on braiding structure |
-
1994
- 1994-04-30 CN CN 94210567 patent/CN2190352Y/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
Cited By (5)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN102751478A (en) * | 2012-07-03 | 2012-10-24 | 北京中航长力能源科技有限公司 | Zinc gel for zinc-air battery and preparation method thereof |
| CN104176836A (en) * | 2014-09-12 | 2014-12-03 | 哈尔滨工业大学 | Microorganism electrochemical device for in-situ remediation of polluted water and bottom mud and method for in-situ remediation of polluted water and bottom mud |
| CN104176836B (en) * | 2014-09-12 | 2015-08-19 | 哈尔滨工业大学 | The microorganism electrochemical device of a kind of in-situ immobilization polluted-water and bed mud and the method for in-situ immobilization polluted-water and bed mud |
| CN107604168A (en) * | 2017-09-28 | 2018-01-19 | 上海至铂环保科技服务有限公司 | The method of recovering copper, nickel, cobalt from the sludge containing non-ferrous metal |
| CN107994205A (en) * | 2017-11-29 | 2018-05-04 | 北京工业大学 | A kind of preparation method of the porous zinc-air battery anode based on braiding structure |
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Legal Events
| Date | Code | Title | Description |
|---|---|---|---|
| C14 | Grant of patent or utility model | ||
| GR01 | Patent grant | ||
| C19 | Lapse of patent right due to non-payment of the annual fee | ||
| CF01 | Termination of patent right due to non-payment of annual fee |