CN219034821U - Underground physical energy storage chain - Google Patents
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- CN219034821U CN219034821U CN202222387334.1U CN202222387334U CN219034821U CN 219034821 U CN219034821 U CN 219034821U CN 202222387334 U CN202222387334 U CN 202222387334U CN 219034821 U CN219034821 U CN 219034821U
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Abstract
The utility model relates to the technical field of physical energy storage, in particular to an underground physical energy storage chain, which aims to solve the problem of ultra-large scale energy storage of large-scale renewable energy grid connection. The utility model comprises an underground water pumping energy storage chain and/or a constant water pressure compressed air energy storage chain; the underground water pumping and energy storage chain comprises an above-ground reservoir group, an underground pumping and storage communicating well, an underground pumping and storage tunnel chain, an underground power station and an above-ground electric chain; the constant water pressure compressed air energy storage chain comprises an overground reservoir group, an underground compressed air communication well, an underground compressed air tunnel chain, an overground electric chain and an overground power station; the above-ground reservoir group includes at least two above-ground reservoirs. According to the utility model, the underground pumping and storing tunnel chain and the underground compressed air tunnel chain are used for connecting the above-ground reservoirs into a whole and carrying out integral coordination, so that the defect of insufficient energy storage of the independent reservoirs is avoided, the peak-valley electricity consumption cannot be effectively regulated, and the ultra-large-scale energy storage and the grid connection of renewable energy sources are realized by connecting all reservoirs into a whole.
Description
Technical Field
The utility model relates to the technical field of physical energy storage, in particular to an underground physical energy storage chain.
Background
The method is an important way for realizing the double-carbon target by greatly developing renewable energy and realizing clean energy transformation. Because renewable energy sources such as photovoltaic, wind power and the like are greatly influenced by climate conditions, the volatility is large, and the stability of a power grid is influenced by large-scale grid connection, and even the phenomenon of power failure is generated. In order to achieve the double-carbon target, renewable energy sources mainly comprising photovoltaic and wind power are gradually used for replacing coal-fired thermal power. The photovoltaic short-time output is more stable, the electricity-measuring cost is lower, the similarity of the output and the load curve is higher, and the like, so that the photovoltaic short-time output becomes a main component of future renewable energy. The photovoltaic power generation capacity and the sunlight change are obviously associated, peak-valley fluctuation exists in one day, energy storage is smooth light Fu Chuli peak-valley change, an important mode for realizing energy day-night transfer is also an important technical approach for effectively solving the grid-connected stability of renewable energy sources, and the photovoltaic power generation energy source is an important guarantee for large-scale efficient development and utilization of renewable energy sources in green environment protection and realizing the green sustainable development strategy in the energy source field of China. Therefore, in order to realize renewable energy grid connection, ultra-large-scale and long-time electric power energy storage is required as a guarantee.
The water pumping energy storage and the compressed air energy storage are common physical energy storage technologies, and have the advantages of safety, reliability, large-scale performance, environmental friendliness, no pollution, good economy and the like, wherein the water pumping energy storage technologies are mature and have wide application. However, the water pumping and energy storage have the following defects: the pumping energy storage is severely dependent on the topography and the topography, so that not only is sufficient water resources needed, but also a large topography drop is needed for building upstream and downstream reservoirs; secondly, the geographical resources for building pumping and storing energy in China are extremely limited, and site selection is difficult; thirdly, constructing an upstream reservoir and a downstream reservoir with large areas can cause great damage to the ecological environment; and (IV) the large-area upper and lower reservoirs affect the local ecological system. The factors lead to the difficulty in meeting the requirement of large-scale energy storage in China in water pumping and energy storage. In the prior art, no super-large-scale energy storage technical scheme capable of thoroughly solving the problem of large-scale renewable energy grid connection in China exists.
Disclosure of Invention
The utility model aims to provide an underground physical energy storage chain so as to solve the problem of ultra-large scale energy storage of large-scale renewable energy grid connection in China.
In order to solve the technical problems, the technical scheme provided by the utility model is as follows:
an underground physical energy storage chain comprises an underground water pumping energy storage chain and/or a constant water pressure compressed air energy storage chain based on an artificial underground tunnel; the underground water pumping and energy storage chain comprises an above-ground reservoir group, an underground pumping and storage communicating well, an underground pumping and storage tunnel chain, an underground power station and an above-ground electric chain; the above-ground reservoir group comprises at least two above-ground reservoirs; one end of the underground pumping and storing communicating well is connected with the overground reservoir, and the other end is communicated with the underground power station; one end of the underground power station is communicated with the underground pumping and storing communicating well, and the other end of the underground power station is communicated with the underground pumping and storing tunnel chain and is used for converting electric energy; the overground electrical chain is connected with an underground power station and a power grid; the constant water pressure compressed air energy storage chain comprises an overground reservoir group, an underground compressed air communication well, an underground compressed air tunnel chain, an overground power station and an overground electric chain; one end of the underground compressed air communication well is communicated with the overground reservoir, and the other end of the underground compressed air communication well is communicated with the underground compressed air tunnel chain; the overground power station is communicated with the underground compressed air tunnel chain and is used for converting electric energy; the overground electrical chain is connected with an overground power station and a power grid.
Further, the underground pumping and storing tunnel chain and the underground compressed air tunnel chain are parallel to each other.
Further, the underground water pumping energy storage chain also comprises a water level regulator; the water level regulator is arranged in the underground pumping and storing tunnel chain and is configured to divide the underground pumping and storing tunnel chain into at least two sections; each section is communicated with a corresponding underground power station and an overground reservoir.
Further, the underground power station comprises a water pump turbine; one end of the water pump turbine is communicated with the underground pumping and storing communicating well, and the other end of the water pump turbine is communicated with the underground pumping and storing tunnel chain.
Further, the constant water pressure compressed air energy storage chain also comprises a segmented spacer; the segmentation spacer is arranged in the underground compressed air tunnel chain and is configured to divide the underground compressed air tunnel chain into at least two segments; each section is communicated with a corresponding overground power station and overground reservoir.
Further, the above-ground power station comprises an air compressor and an air expander; the air compressor and the air expander are connected with an overground electrical chain; an air compressor for compressing air to store energy; the compressed air drives an air expander to generate electricity.
Further, the constant water pressure compressed air energy storage chain also comprises a gas transmission pipeline, one end of the gas transmission pipeline is communicated with the above-ground power station, and the other end of the gas transmission pipeline is communicated with the underground compressed air tunnel chain.
Furthermore, the constant water pressure compressed air energy storage chain also comprises a heat exchange device; the heat exchange device comprises a heat storage tank, a cold storage tank and a circulating heat exchange system; the circulating heat exchange system comprises a heat storage medium, and the heat storage medium absorbs heat generated by air compression by the air compressor and then stores the heat in the heat storage tank; the heat of the heat storage medium stored in the heat storage tank is absorbed in the process of generating electricity by the compressed air driving the air expander, and the cooled heat storage medium is stored in the cold storage tank.
Further, the underground water pumping energy storage chain also comprises a sub-control station; the sub-control station is communicated with the underground power station and used for controlling the working state of the underground power station;
the constant water pressure compressed air energy storage chain also comprises a sub-control station; the sub-control station is communicated with the overground power station and used for controlling the working state of the overground power station.
Further, the underground water pumping energy storage chain also comprises a master control station, wherein the master control station is connected with the sub-control stations and used for controlling the sub-control stations; the constant water pressure compressed air energy storage chain also comprises a master control station, and the master control station is connected with the sub control stations and used for controlling the sub control stations.
In summary, the technical effects achieved by the utility model are as follows:
the underground physical energy storage chain comprises an underground water pumping energy storage chain and/or a constant water pressure compressed air energy storage chain based on an artificial underground tunnel; the underground water pumping and energy storage chain comprises an above-ground reservoir group, an underground pumping and storage communicating well, an underground pumping and storage tunnel chain, an underground power station and an above-ground electric chain; the above-ground reservoir group comprises at least two above-ground reservoirs; one end of the underground pumping and storing communicating well is connected with the overground reservoir, and the other end is communicated with the underground power station; one end of the underground power station is communicated with the underground pumping and storing communicating well, and the other end of the underground power station is communicated with the underground pumping and storing tunnel chain and is used for converting electric energy; the overground electrical chain is connected with an underground power station and a power grid; the constant water pressure compressed air energy storage chain comprises an overground reservoir group, an underground compressed air communication well, an underground compressed air tunnel chain, an overground power station and an overground electric chain; one end of the underground compressed air communication well is communicated with the overground reservoir, and the other end of the underground compressed air communication well is communicated with the underground compressed air tunnel chain; the overground power station is communicated with the underground compressed air tunnel chain and is used for converting electric energy; the overground electrical chain is connected with an overground power station and a power grid.
According to the underground physical energy storage chain, the ground reservoirs are combined into the ground reservoir group, and the ground reservoirs are communicated with the underground pumping and storing tunnel chain and/or the underground compressed air tunnel chain, so that the ground reservoirs are connected into a whole, water resource allocation is realized, energy storage capacity is greatly increased, and existing reservoir resources are fully utilized. When a part of the above-ground reservoir water source is sufficient, the water in the water tank can be used for generating electricity and enter an underground pumping and storing tunnel chain and/or an underground compressed air tunnel chain, and the above-ground electric chain is used for supplying power to the power grid. When the water storage system is in the electricity consumption valley, water in the underground pumping and storage tunnel chain and/or the underground compressed air tunnel chain is sent to the overground reservoir group, and the overground reservoirs are selected to store water according to the water storage condition of each reservoir, so that the potential energy of the water is improved, the energy storage is realized, the water resource coordination among all overground reservoirs is realized, and the long-distance water transfer function is realized.
The whole coordination of the overground reservoirs can be used for grid connection of renewable energy sources such as photovoltaic and wind power in each place, so that the energy storage capacity is greatly increased, the peak-valley electricity consumption is effectively regulated, and the ultra-large-scale energy storage and the grid connection of the renewable energy sources are realized by connecting the reservoirs into a whole. In addition, the underground water pumping energy storage chain or the constant water pressure compressed air energy storage chain can be flexibly selected to work according to renewable energy sources, energy storage and load conditions, or the underground water pumping energy storage chain and the constant water pressure compressed air energy storage chain work simultaneously.
For the large-scale underground physical energy storage chain, besides the above-ground electrical chain can transmit power, the underground pumping and storage tunnel chain and the underground compressed air tunnel chain can also realize the cross-region transmission of energy sources.
Drawings
In order to more clearly illustrate the embodiments of the present utility model or the technical solutions in the prior art, the drawings that are needed in the description of the embodiments or the prior art will be briefly described, and it is obvious that the drawings in the description below are some embodiments of the present utility model, and other drawings can be obtained according to the drawings without inventive effort for a person skilled in the art.
FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of an underground pumping energy storage chain provided by an embodiment of the utility model;
fig. 2 is a schematic diagram of a constant water pressure compressed air energy storage chain according to an embodiment of the present utility model.
Icon: 100-an underground pumping energy storage chain; 200-constant water pressure compressed air energy storage chain; 110-an above-ground reservoir group; 120-underground pumping and storing communicating well; 130-an underground pumping and storage tunnel chain; 140-an underground power station; 150-grid; 160-a water level regulator; 170-a sub-control station; 180-a master control station; 190-lower communication pipe; 210-underground compressed air communication well; 220-underground compressed air tunnel train; 230-an above-ground power station; 240-segment spacers; 250-gas transmission pipeline; 260-heat exchange device; 270-upper water delivery pipe; 280-lower water delivery pipe; 111-an above-ground reservoir; 141-a water pump turbine; 261-a heat storage tank; 262-cold storage tank.
Detailed Description
For the purpose of making the objects, technical solutions and advantages of the embodiments of the present utility model more apparent, the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present utility model will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings in the embodiments of the present utility model, and it is apparent that the described embodiments are some embodiments of the present utility model, but not all embodiments of the present utility model. The components of the embodiments of the present utility model generally described and illustrated in the figures herein may be arranged and designed in a wide variety of different configurations.
Thus, the following detailed description of the embodiments of the utility model, as presented in the figures, is not intended to limit the scope of the utility model, as claimed, but is merely representative of selected embodiments of the utility model. All other embodiments, which can be made by those skilled in the art based on the embodiments of the utility model without making any inventive effort, are intended to be within the scope of the utility model.
Some embodiments of the present utility model are described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings. The following embodiments and features of the embodiments may be combined with each other without conflict.
In order to realize renewable energy grid connection, ultra-large-scale and long-time electric power energy storage is required as a guarantee, the existing pumping energy storage can be constructed with limited resources, and the requirement of large-scale energy storage is difficult to meet.
In view of this, the present utility model provides an underground physical energy storage chain including an underground pumping energy storage chain 100 and/or a constant water pressure compressed air energy storage chain 200 based on an artificial underground tunnel; the underground pumping and storing energy chain 100 comprises an above-ground reservoir group 110, an underground pumping and storing communicating well 120, an underground pumping and storing tunnel chain 130, an underground power station 140 and an above-ground electric chain; the above-ground reservoir group 110 includes at least two above-ground reservoirs 111; one end of the underground pumping and storing communication well 120 is connected with the above-ground reservoir 111, and the other end is communicated with the underground power station 140; one end of the underground power station 140 is communicated with the underground pumping and storing communication well 120, and the other end is communicated with the underground pumping and storing tunnel chain 130 for electric energy conversion; the overground electrical chain is connected with the underground power station 140 and the power grid 150; the constant water pressure compressed air energy storage chain 200 comprises an overground reservoir group 110, an underground compressed air communication well 210, an underground compressed air tunnel chain 220, an overground power station 230 and an overground electric chain; an underground compressed air communication well 210 has one end connected to the above-ground reservoir 111 and the other end connected to an underground compressed air tunnel chain 220; the above-ground power station 230 is communicated with the underground compressed air tunnel chain 220 and is used for performing electric energy conversion; the above-ground electrical chain is connected to the above-ground power station 230 and the power grid 150.
According to the underground physical energy storage chain provided by the utility model, the plurality of the above-ground reservoirs 111 are formed into the above-ground reservoir group 110, and the above-ground reservoirs 111 are communicated with the underground pumping and storage tunnel chain 130 and/or the underground compressed air tunnel chain 220, so that all the above-ground reservoirs 111 are connected into a whole, the water resource allocation is realized, the energy storage capacity is greatly increased, and the existing reservoir resources are fully utilized. When a portion of the above-ground reservoir 111 is sufficiently water-borne, electricity may be generated by the water therein into the underground pumping and storage tunnel chain 130 and/or the underground compressed air tunnel chain 220 and supplied to the electrical grid 150 via the above-ground electrical chain for peak electricity replenishment. When the water is in the electricity consumption valley, the water in the underground pumping and storing tunnel chain 130 and/or the underground compressed air tunnel chain 220 is pumped to the above-ground reservoir group 110, and the above-ground reservoir 111 is selected to store water according to the water storage condition of each reservoir, so that energy storage is realized.
The underground physical energy storage chain provided by the utility model can be used for grid connection of renewable energy sources such as photovoltaic, wind power and the like in various places, so that the energy storage capacity is greatly increased, the peak-valley electricity consumption is effectively regulated, and the ultra-large-scale energy storage and grid connection of the renewable energy sources are realized by connecting all reservoirs into a whole, and the long-distance water diversion function can be realized. In addition, the underground pumping energy storage chain 100 or the constant water pressure compressed air energy storage chain 200 can be flexibly selected to work according to the conditions of energy storage and energy consumption, or the underground pumping energy storage chain and the constant water pressure compressed air energy storage chain work simultaneously.
The structure and shape of the underground physical energy storage chain according to the present embodiment are described in detail below with reference to fig. 1 to 2:
in the alternative of this embodiment, the underground pumping energy storage chain 100 and the constant water pressure compressed air energy storage chain 200 may share a sub-control station 170, a master control station 180, an above-ground reservoir group 110, and an above-ground electrical chain. The master station 180 is connected to the slave station 170 for controlling the slave station 170. And the underground pumping and storage tunnel chain 130 and the underground compressed air tunnel chain 220 are parallel to each other. The master control station 180 coordinates management and control of all sub-control stations 170 to coordinate and control operation of the entire underground physical energy storage chain.
The above-ground reservoir 111 is arranged according to the layout and trend of the underground pumping and storing tunnel chain 130 and the underground compressed air tunnel chain 220, and can be a manually constructed reservoir, an existing natural water source or a reservoir. The underground pumping and storing tunnel chain 130 and the underground compressed air tunnel chain 220 are formed by manually digging according to the layout and capacity requirements of the underground physical energy storage chain, and the caliber is generally 4-16 m.
In the alternative of this embodiment, as shown in fig. 1, the underground pumping and storing chain 100 includes an above-ground reservoir group 110, an underground pumping and storing communicating well 120, an underground pumping and storing tunnel chain 130, an underground power station 140, an above-ground electric chain, a water level regulator 160, a sub-control station 170, a general control station 180, and an underground communicating pipe 190. The above-ground reservoir group 110 is composed of a plurality of above-ground reservoirs 111, each of the above-ground reservoirs 111 is communicated with the underground power station 140 through the underground pumping and storage communicating well 120, and the underground power station 140 is communicated with the underground pumping and storage tunnel chain 130 through the lower communicating pipe 190. The water in the reservoirs moves along the above-ground reservoir group 110, the underground pumping and storage communication well 120, the underground power station 140, the lower communication pipe 190, and the underground pumping and storage tunnel chain 130. The underground power station 140 is arranged below the underground pumping and storing tunnel chain 130, and the upper end of the lower communicating pipe 190 is communicated with the lower end of the underground pumping and storing tunnel chain 130, so that water in the underground pumping and storing tunnel chain 130 is pumped to the above-ground reservoir group 110. The subterranean pumping and storage communication well 120 is configured as an inclined well or a vertical well. The above-ground electrical chain connects renewable energy sources such as wind power, photovoltaic and the like with the underground power station 140 to pump water and store energy through the underground power station 140, and converts the electric energy into potential energy of water for storage, so that unstable renewable energy sources are converted into potential energy of stable water; the underground power station 140 is connected to the power grid 150 by an above-ground electrical chain, whereby potential energy of water is converted into electrical energy by the underground power station 140 and supplied to the power grid 150, and an unstable renewable energy source is incorporated into the power grid 150 by controllable hydroelectric power generation.
The water level regulator 160 is disposed in the underground pumping and storing tunnel chain 130, and separates the underground pumping and storing tunnel chain 130 into multiple sections of independent water storage according to the need, so as to flexibly regulate the water storage capacity, and realize that an underground power station 140 and an above-ground reservoir 111 independently operate under the control of a sub-control station 170, and meanwhile, the water level regulator 160 can also be completely settled, so that the underground pumping and storing tunnel chain 130 is completely penetrated. That is, each separate section of separate water storage space may form a separate underground pumped storage unit with the respective underground utility 140 and the above-ground reservoir 111.
In this embodiment, the underground power station 140 includes a water pump-turbine, one end of the water pump-turbine 141 is connected to the underground pumping and storing communication well 120, and the other end is connected to the lower communication pipe 190, so that the conversion of potential energy and electric energy of water is realized by the water pump-turbine.
In short, the underground pumping and storing energy chain 100 controls the sub-control station 170 through the main control station 180, and the sub-control station 170 controls the operation of each underground power station 140, the above-ground reservoir 111 and the underground pumping and storing tunnel chain 130, so as to realize the allocation of pumping and storing energy power and capacity.
Correspondingly, the constant water pressure compressed air energy storage chain 200 also coordinates the operation of each above-ground power station 230, the above-ground reservoir 111 and the underground compressed air tunnel chain 220 under the control of the main control station 180 and the sub-control station 170.
Specifically, the constant water pressure compressed air energy storage chain 200 comprises an overground reservoir group 110, an underground compressed air communication well 210, an underground compressed air tunnel chain 220, an overground electrical chain, an overground power station 230, a segmented spacer 240, a gas transmission pipeline 250, a heat exchange device 260, an upper water transmission pipe 270 and a lower water transmission pipe 280.
The above-ground reservoir 111 communicates with the underground compressed air communication well 210 through the upper water pipe 270 and the upper part of the underground compressed air communication well 210, and the underground compressed air communication well 210 communicates with the lower part of the underground compressed air tunnel chain 220 through the lower water pipe 280, as shown in fig. 2. The above-ground power station 230 is connected to the power grid 150 via an above-ground electrical chain, which is simultaneously connected to renewable energy sources such as photovoltaic, wind power, etc., so as to achieve storage and release of electrical energy. While the above-ground power station 230 communicates with the underground compressed air tunnel train 220 via a gas line 250, the gas line 250 may be disposed within the underground compressed air communication well 210.
The segment spacers 240 are arranged in the underground tunnel chain, the underground compressed air tunnel chain 220 can be divided into a plurality of segments of independent underground spaces by the segment spacers 240, and the underground compressed air tunnel chain 220 can be partially or completely communicated by partially or completely opening the segment spacers; the underground spaces partitioned by the sectional spacers 240 are in one-to-one correspondence with the above-ground power stations 230, and the opening and closing of the sectional spacers 240 are controlled by the sub control station 170 and the main control station 180, i.e., each separated section of independent underground space can form an independent constant water pressure compressed air energy storage unit with the corresponding above-ground power station 230 and the above-ground reservoir 111.
The above-ground power station 230 includes an air compressor and an air expander; an air compressor for compressing air to store energy; the compressed air drives an air expander to generate electricity.
The heat exchange device 260 includes a heat storage tank 261, a cold storage tank 262, and a circulating heat exchange system. The circulating heat exchange system includes a heat storage medium that carries heat flow to heat storage tank 261, an air expander, a cold storage tank 262, and an air compressor. Specifically, the air compressor generates heat when compressing air, the heat is absorbed by the heat storage medium, and the heat storage medium then flows into the heat storage tank 261 for storage; the compressed air drives the air expander to absorb heat in the power generation process, at this time, the heat storage medium in the heat storage tank 261 flows through the air expander to provide heat for the air expander, and the cooled heat storage medium enters the cold storage tank 262 to store, so that the heat is absorbed when the air compressor works. That is, in the energy storage process, the heat storage medium enters the heat storage tank 261 from the heat storage tank 262 through the air compressor, and in the power generation process, the heat storage medium enters the heat storage tank 262 from the heat storage tank 261 through the air expander, thereby realizing the circulation of heat.
The working process of the underground physical energy storage chain provided by the embodiment is as follows:
for the underground pumping and storing energy chain 100, during power generation, water in the overground reservoir group 110 enters the water pump turbine 141 through the underground pumping and storing communication well 120 to generate power and enters the underground pumping and storing tunnel chain 130, and electric energy enters the power grid 150 or a user through the overground electric chain under the regulation and control of the main control station 180 and the sub control station 170. When one or more above-ground reservoirs 111 are in flood season or water-rich period, surplus water can be used for generating electricity and entering the underground pumping and storing tunnel chain 130 for storage, and water can be pumped to other above-ground reservoirs 111 for storage through the water pump turbine 141, so that long-distance allocation of water resources is realized. The potential energy of the water generated by photovoltaic or wind power and the like can be converted into water through the water pump turbine 141 and stored in the overground reservoir group 110, the electric energy is released when electricity consumption is high, and the electric energy is supplied to the power grid 150 through an overground electric chain, so that unstable renewable energy sources are converted into stable and controllable energy sources, and large-scale and high-quality grid connection of the renewable energy sources is realized. Meanwhile, in the working process, long-distance allocation of water resources can be realized, namely when the water resources of the overground reservoirs are abundant, power generation can be performed, water is uniformly distributed after entering the underground pumping and storing tunnel chain 130 due to the fluidity of the water, and then pumping and storing can be performed by the overground reservoirs which are lack of water, so that the allocation of the water resources among all overground reservoirs is realized.
Similarly, for the constant water pressure compressed air energy storage chain 200, when energy is stored, an air compressor in the above-ground power station 230 is started, air is injected into the underground compressed air tunnel chain 220 through the air pipeline 250, water in the underground compressed air tunnel chain 220 is extruded into the above-ground reservoir 111 until the water level in the underground compressed air tunnel chain 220 falls to a lower limit water level, and heat generated in the process is synchronously stored in the heat storage tank 261, namely, electric energy is converted into potential energy of compressed air and heat energy in the heat storage tank 261. When power is generated, an air expander in the above-ground power station 230 is started, compressed air in the underground compressed air tunnel chain 220 drives the air expander to generate power through the gas pipeline 250, and heat in the heat storage tank 261 is absorbed through the circulating heat exchange system, so that the water level in the underground compressed air tunnel chain 220 continuously rises until the water level is limited; in this process, the compressed air absorbs heat while expanding to perform work, the heat stored in the heat storage tank 261 provides heat for the process through the circulating heat exchange system, and the cooled heat storage medium is stored in the cold storage tank 262 for the next energy storage link application. Likewise, the constant water pressure compressed air energy storage chain 200 can also realize water resource allocation for long-distance water transfer.
For the underground physical energy storage chain, further, through the master control station 180 and the sub control station 170, the working states of each segment spacer 240, the water level regulator 160, the above-ground power station 230 and the underground power station 140 are controlled according to the requirements of the power grid 150, so that the operation and the electric energy conversion are flexibly performed.
According to the electricity consumption peak Gu Xuqiu of the electric network 150, in order to realize the stability of the electric network 150, the total control station 180 performs overall regulation and control according to the energy storage and release capacity, and the operation of each underground power station 140 and the above-ground power station 230 and the penetration conditions of the underground pumping and storage tunnel chain 130 and the underground compressed air tunnel chain 220, namely, full-line penetration or segmented penetration are specifically controlled through the sub control station 170. The flexible operation of the underground physical energy storage chain is realized, the energy allocation is optimized, the problem of large-scale renewable energy source grid connection is solved, and the stability of the power grid 150 is ensured.
Examples of applications of the underground physical energy storage chain are as follows, including jinghu chain, southeast coastal chain, jingguang chain and jingxin chain. The underground physical energy storage chain is used for connecting the large and medium cities and the load centers along the way, and particularly, renewable energy sources such as offshore wind power stations, photovoltaic electric fields and the like along the sea can be connected with the large load centers along the way; underground tunnel chains connect various heavy load centers along the way from nan ning, changjiang river entrance to Beijing; therefore, the functions of wide-area short-time frequency modulation, day-night peak regulation, even season peak regulation and the like of the underground physical energy storage chain are realized, and renewable energy sources with unstable output are converted into stable and reliable high-quality electric energy. In addition, the method can connect various large fresh water resources in the coasts of southeast and can carry out long-distance water diversion according to requirements, and can also realize the functions of south-water and north-water diversion. Namely, the water in the above-ground water reservoir 111, which is rich in water source, is transferred to the above-ground water reservoir 111, which is deficient in water source, through the underground compressed air tunnel chain 220.
According to the utility model, all the above-ground reservoirs 111 are connected into a whole through the underground tunnel chain, so that the water storage capacity is increased, the energy storage capacity is further increased, flexible allocation can be performed according to actual requirements, electric energy storage and adjustment in local areas can be performed through one above-ground reservoir 111, and cross-region adjustment can be realized through a plurality of above-ground reservoirs 111, so that the energy storage capacity and the electric energy demand are balanced, and large-scale renewable energy grid connection and ultra-large-scale energy storage are effectively realized.
In summary, the underground physical energy storage chain provided in this embodiment has three working modes, namely, the underground pumping energy storage chain 100 works independently, the constant water pressure compressed air energy storage chain 200 works independently, and the underground pumping energy storage chain and the constant water pressure compressed air energy storage chain work together. All above-ground reservoirs 111 and all the places of renewable energy sources are connected through underground tunnel chains so as to solve the ultra-large scale energy storage problem of renewable energy source grid connection; and the functions of wide area short-time peak regulation, day-night peak regulation, even season peak regulation and the like of the underground physical energy storage chain can convert renewable energy with unstable output into stable and reliable high-quality electric energy, and meanwhile, the water resource allocation can be realized, and the water resource distribution is balanced.
Finally, it should be noted that: the above embodiments are only for illustrating the technical solution of the present utility model, and not for limiting the same; although the utility model has been described in detail with reference to the foregoing embodiments, it will be understood by those of ordinary skill in the art that: the technical scheme described in the foregoing embodiments can be modified or some or all of the technical features thereof can be replaced by equivalents; such modifications and substitutions do not depart from the spirit of the utility model.
Claims (10)
1. An underground physical energy storage chain is characterized by comprising an underground water pumping energy storage chain (100) and/or a constant water pressure compressed air energy storage chain (200) based on an artificial underground tunnel;
the underground water pumping and storing energy chain (100) comprises an overground reservoir group (110), an underground pumping and storing communicating well (120), an underground pumping and storing tunnel chain (130), an underground power station (140) and an overground electric chain;
the above-ground reservoir group (110) comprises at least two above-ground reservoirs (111);
one end of the underground pumping and storing communication well (120) is connected with the above-ground reservoir (111), and the other end of the underground pumping and storing communication well is communicated with the underground power station (140);
one end of the underground power station (140) is communicated with the underground pumping and storing communication well (120), and the other end of the underground power station is communicated with the underground pumping and storing tunnel chain (130) for electric energy conversion;
the above-ground electrical chain is connected with the underground power station (140) and the power grid (150);
the constant water pressure compressed air energy storage chain (200) comprises the above-ground reservoir group (110), an underground compressed air communication well (210), an underground compressed air tunnel chain (220), an above-ground power station (230) and the above-ground electric chain;
one end of the underground compressed air communication well (210) is connected with the above-ground reservoir (111), and the other end is communicated with the underground compressed air tunnel chain (220);
the above-ground power station (230) is communicated with the underground compressed air tunnel chain (220) and is used for performing electric energy conversion;
the above-ground electrical chain is connected with the above-ground power station (230) and the power grid (150).
2. The underground physical energy storage chain of claim 1, wherein the underground pumping tunnel chain (130) and the underground compressed air tunnel chain (220) are parallel to each other.
3. The underground physical energy storage chain of claim 2, wherein the underground water pumping energy storage chain (100) further comprises a water level regulator (160);
the water level regulator (160) is arranged in the underground pumping and storing tunnel chain (130) and is configured to divide the underground pumping and storing tunnel chain (130) into at least two sections; each segment is in communication with a corresponding underground utility (140), the above-ground reservoir (111).
4. A subterranean physical energy storage chain according to claim 3, wherein the subterranean power station (140) comprises a water pump turbine (141);
one end of the water pump turbine (141) is communicated with the underground pumping and storing communicating well (120), and the other end of the water pump turbine is communicated with the underground pumping and storing tunnel chain (130).
5. The underground physical energy storage chain of claim 2, wherein the constant water pressure compressed air energy storage chain (200) further comprises a segment spacer (240);
the segment spacers (240) are disposed within the underground compressed air tunnel train (220) and configured to divide the underground compressed air tunnel train (220) into at least two segments; each segment is in communication with a respective above-ground power station (230), the above-ground reservoir (111).
6. The underground physical energy storage chain of claim 5, wherein the above-ground power station (230) comprises an air compressor and an air expander;
the air compressor and the air expander are connected with the ground electrical chain;
the air compressor is used for compressing air to store energy;
compressed air drives the air expander to generate electricity.
7. The underground physical energy storage chain of claim 6, wherein the constant water pressure compressed air energy storage chain (200) further comprises a gas pipeline (250), one end of the gas pipeline (250) is communicated with the above-ground power station (230), and the other end is communicated with the top of the underground compressed air tunnel chain (220).
8. The underground physical energy storage chain of claim 7, wherein the constant water pressure compressed air energy storage chain (200) further comprises a heat exchange device (260);
the heat exchange device (260) comprises a heat storage tank (261), a cold storage tank (262) and a circulating heat exchange system;
the circulating heat exchange system comprises a heat storage medium, wherein the heat storage medium absorbs heat generated by air compression of the air compressor and then stores the heat in the heat storage tank (261);
the compressed air drives the air expander to absorb heat of the heat storage medium stored in the heat storage tank (261) in the power generation process, and the cooled heat storage medium is stored in the cold storage tank (262).
9. An underground physical energy storage chain as claimed in claim 2, wherein,
the underground pumping energy storage chain (100) further comprises a sub-control station (170);
the sub-control station (170) is communicated with the underground power station (140) and is used for controlling the working state of the underground power station (140);
the constant water pressure compressed air energy storage chain (200) further comprises the sub-control station (170);
the sub-control station (170) is communicated with the above-ground power station (230) and is used for controlling the working state of the above-ground power station (230).
10. A subsurface physical energy storage chain according to claim 9 wherein,
the underground pumping energy storage chain (100) further comprises a master control station (180), wherein the master control station (180) is connected with the sub-control station (170) and is used for controlling the sub-control station (170);
the constant water pressure compressed air energy storage chain (200) further comprises a master control station (180), wherein the master control station (180) is connected with the sub control station (170) and used for controlling the sub control station (170).
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